1NC -T QPQ -Consult Natives CP -Politics -Heg Bad -DEDEV 2NC -DEDEV 1NR -Heg Bad -Case D 2NR -Heg Bad -DEDEV
Woodward
Quarters
Opponent: Rowland Hall GL | Judge: Panel
1NC -Politics -China SOI -Russia Oil -Consult Natives CP 2NC -China SOI -Case D 1NR -Russia Oil 2NR -Russia Oil -Case D
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Cites
Entry
Date
Anti Heroism Turns
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 4 | Opponent: SPC NB | Judge: Adrian Brown Open Source
1/12/14
Cite Requests
Tournament: Cite Requests | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: - email me at nnys16@blakeschool.org for any open source docs that i havent already put up
all my stuff is on allen's wiki
3/20/14
Cite Requests
Tournament: Cite Requests | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: - email me at nnys16@blakeschool.org for any open source docs that i havent already put up
all my stuff is on allen's wiki
3/20/14
Commodification Turns
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 4 | Opponent: SPC NB | Judge: Adrian Brown Open Source
1/12/14
Essentialism Turns
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 4 | Opponent: SPC NB | Judge: Adrian Brown Open Source
1/12/14
Identity Turns
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 4 | Opponent: SPC NB | Judge: Adrian Brown Open Source
1/12/14
NDCA Round 2
Tournament: NDCA | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harker SR | Judge: Chris Stone 1NC
K The affirmative is confined to the dominant discourse of transnational capital. The affirmative buys into a system which produces unethical policy based on the short term logic of growth. This causes economic crisis and environmental destruction Makwana 06 (Rajesh, STWR, 23rd November 06, http://www.stwr.org/globalization/neoliberalism-and-economic-globalization.html) Neoliberalism and Economic … in international markets.¶ The alternative is to vote negative to endorse a radical break from neoliberal market society Giroux 9/25/13 Henry, currently holds the Global TV Network Chair Professorship at McMaster University in the English and Cultural Studies Department and a Distinguished Visiting Professorship at Ryerson University, “Beyond Savage Politics and Dystopian Nightmares”
Right-wing market fundamentalists … more democratic future. Politics Obama’s push is making NSA agreement converge now, but current political momentum is key Darren Samuelsohn, senior policy reporter for POLITICO Pro, and Jake Sherman, congressional reporter for POLITICO, 4/9 “Dueling dilemmas for national security reform,” http://www.politico.com/story/2014/04/nsa-national-security-reform-105549.html
In the House, … Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.).
Plan is politically unpopular – their solvency author Grinberg, 13 – 1AC Solvency Author, Qualifications are questionable, “Will FATCA Open the Door to Taxing Capital Income in Emerging Countries,” June 20, 2013, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2256587, AW) Domestic political constraints … provide full reciprocity. That’s key to NSA authority—Congress would easily reject all NSA surveillance Brendan Sasso, National Journal, 3/25/14, Why Obama and His NSA Defenders Changed Their Minds, www.nationaljournal.com/tech/why-obama-and-his-nsa-defenders-changed-their-minds-20140325
It was only … push as well. NSA intelligence capabilities critical to US leadership, and prevention of terror and cyber attacks Michelle Van Cleave, Senior fellow, National War College, Jack Kemp Foundation Principal, Nov/Dec 2013, What It Takes: In Defense of the NSA, www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/what-it-takes-defense-nsa
Highest on the … is our democracy. Extinction Owen B. Toon 07, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, “Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism,” online: http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf To an increasing … and physical outcomes.
CP The Treasury Department of the United States should accept the government of Mexico’s request for a formal agreement to introduce an automatic tax information exchange agreement.
Competes---the CP is not engagement---it does not conduct direct talks with mexico---just removes a barrier. Crocker ‘9 9/13/09, Chester A. Crocker is a professor of strategic studies at the Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, was an assistant secretary of state for African affairs from 1981 to 1989. “Terms of Engagement,” http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/14/opinion/14crocker.html?_r=1and PRESIDENT OBAMA will … and its behavior. Avoids politics Schillaci 2007 William C. author of the book Most Misunderstood Regs March 27, “Reining in Guidance Documents” http://enviro.blr.com/whitepapers/ehs-management/epa-environmental-protection-agency/reining-in-guidance-documents/ "The phenomenon we … of Federal Regulations."
Case Decline doesn’t cause conflict – uptick is correlated to war Boehmer 02 – (3/24/02, Charles, PhD in international relations, professor of political science at University of Texas at El Paso, “Domestic Crisis and Interstate Conflict: The Impact of Economic Crisis, Domestic Discord, and State Efficacy on the Decision to Initiate Interstate Conflict,” prepared for the meetings of International Studies Association, http://isanet.ccit.arizona.edu/noarchive/boehmer.html) *BLUE* Studies of diversionary … militarized interstate conflicts. Collapse inevitable and tech can’t solve - complexity and diminishing returns – delay is worst option Mackenzie 8 – Debora Mackenzie, Science Journalist for New Scientist and other publications, April 5, 2008, “Are We Doomed?,” New Scientist, Vol. 197, No. 2650 *YELLOW* The end of … cannot be sustainable. ¶ ¶ Collapse now key – creates sustainable transition Korowicz, 11 – (5/14/11, David Korowicz, physicist and human systems ecologist, the director of The Risk/Resilience Network in Ireland, a board member of FEASTA (The Foundation for the Economics of Sustainability), former head of research for The Ecology Foundation, and was recently appointed to the council of Comhar, Ireland's Sustainable Development Partnership, “In the world, at the limits to growth,” http://www.feasta.org/2011/05/14/in-the-world-at-the-limits-to-growth/) *BLUE* Yet our feet … of experience found. Growth locks in warming – extinction Jorgen Randers 12, Professor of Climate Strategy at BI Norwegian Business School, September/October 2012, “It’s a Small World,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 91, No. 5, p. 167-169 *YELLOW* The fundamental message … flow of investments. Tech doesn’t solve David Shearman 7, Emeritus professor of medicine at Adelaide University, Secretary of Doctors for the Environment Australia, and an Independent Assessor on the IPCC; and Joseph Wayne Smith, lawyer and philosopher with a research interest in environmentalism, 2007, The Climate Change Challenge and the Failure of Democracy, p. 153-156 Hundreds of scientists … as its lifeblood?
No risk of China War – mutual cooperation Friedberg 2005, Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University, Deputy Assistant for National Security Affairs and Director of Policy Planning in the Office of the Vice President, International Security, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Fall 2005), pp. 7–45
Fortunately, a number … domestic political reforms.
No escalation – US wins decisively AP, 3/9/’11 (“China challenges U.S. edge in Asia-Pacific”)
The U.S. Pacific … 1,500 by then. ASEAN collapse doesn’t cause war Alagappa 9—Distinguished Senior Fellow, East-West Center. PhD, IR, Tufts (Muthiah, The long shadow: nuclear weapons and security in 21st century Asia, ed. Alagappa, 512) International political interaction … this larger context. Block Ptx Momentum is swinging – Obama has hold of key constituents The Courier 4/4 “Congress takes steps to curb NSA overreach,” http://www.yourhoustonnews.com/courier/opinion/congress-takes-steps-to-curb-nsa-overreach/article_a78c5a09-b0de-5eab-8994-57ea38663d6d.html
The White House … surveillance of emails.
3 new links — assumes IGA’s and reciprocity which is the function of the plan – it’s also tied to Obama and backed by empirics – this card is too good David Kuenzi 13, MA in Politics and Economics from Harvard University and Columbia University, Certified Financial Planner and Founder of Thun Financial, (“US banking lobby urges Congress to challenge FATCA IGAs”, http://www.repealfatca.com/index.asp?idmenu=4andtitle=Newsandidsubmenu=142, AW) Early on, those … to pay tax.
Issue specific uniqueness prices in link uniqueness—Congress has shifted to NSA and can get it done within constraints Ellen Nakashima, WaPo, 3/27/14, White House pushes Congress to quickly pass changes to NSA surveillance program, www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/white-house-pushes-congress-to-quickly-pass-changes-to-nsa-surveillance-program/2014/03/27/1a2c4052-b5b9-11e3-8cb6-284052554d74_story.html?wprss=rss_politics
The Obama administration … baseline, analysts said. Top of the agenda Wapo 3/30 (Washington Post, "Congress needs to reach a deal on the NSA phone program", www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/congress-needs-to-reach-a-deal-on-the-nsa-phone-program/2014/03/30/c6479dce-b5f4-11e3-b899-20667de76985_story.html)
PRESIDENT OBAMA and … of the agenda.
absent NSA phone collection authority, terrorists can easily evade the US—ensures major attacks Stewart Baker, Foreign Policy, June 2013, Why the NSA Needs Your Phone Calls..., www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/06/06/why_the_nsa_needs_your_phone_calls
But why, … terrorism at home.
Nuke terror likely Dahl 13 (Fredrik, Reuters, covers mainly nuclear-related issues, including Iran's dispute with the West over its atomic plans. I previously worked in Tehran, Iran, between 2007-2010, and have also been posted to Belgrade, Sarajevo, London, Brussels, Helsinki and Stockholm during two decades with Reuters, 7/1/2013, "Governments warn about nuclear terrorism threat", www.reuters.com/article/2013/07/01/us-nuclear-security-idUSBRE96010E20130701)
More action is … ambitions," he said Also causes US-Russia miscalc - extinction Barrett et al. 13—PhD in Engineering and Public Policy from Carnegie Mellon University, Fellow in the RAND Stanton Nuclear Security Fellows Program, and Director of Research at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Seth Baum, PhD in Geography from Pennsylvania State University, Research Scientist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, and Executive Director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Kelly Hostetler, BS in Political Science from Columbia and Research Assistant at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (Anthony, 24 June 2013, “Analyzing and Reducing the Risks of Inadvertent Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia,” Science and Global Security: The Technical Basis for Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Initiatives, Volume 21, Issue 2, Taylor and Francis)
War involving significant … events as attacks. 16
DDEV Growth turns every impact – try-or-die for transition Immanuel Wallerstein is a senior research scholar at Yale University, JAN / FEB 2011, “THE GLOBAL ECONOMY WON'T RECOVER, NOW OR EVER” , http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/02/unconventional_wisdom?page=0,9, KENTUCKY Virtually everyone everywhere-economists … created, is elsewhere.
The current economic decline is different---multiple structural differences mean decline will cause capitalism to completely collapse---causes a smooth transition---key to solving extinction Dr. Minqi Li 10, Assistant Professor Department of Economics, University of Utah, “The 21st Century Crisis: Climate Catastrophe or Socialism” Paper prepared for the David Gordon Memorial Lecture at URPE Summer Conference 2010 The Structural Crisis … are ended by capitalism.
Tech fixes without decreasing consumption risk extinction – don’t address the root cause of climate change Godhaven 9 (Merrick, environmental writer and activist, “Swapping technologies fails to address the root causes of climate change,” July 15, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2009/jul/15/technofix-climate-change) Technology is part … important than survival.
Lack of internal link magnitude disincentives conflict Robert Jervis 11, Professor in the Department of Political Science and School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University, December 2011, “Force in Our Times,” Survival, Vol. 25, No. 4, p. 403-425 *YELLOW* Even if war … make war thinkable. Prefer our evidence – theirs is only alarmism Barnett 9—senior managing director of Enterra Solutions LLC (Thomas, The New Rules: Security Remains Stable Amid Financial Crisis, 25 August 2009, http://www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules~-~-security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx) When the global … supplant its role. There is no causal relationship between the economy and conflict—the best study proves. Brandt and Ulfelder 11—*Patrick T. Brandt, Ph.D. in Political Science from Indiana University, is an Assistant Professor of Political Science in the School of Social Science at the University of Texas at Dallas. Jay Ulfelder, Ph.D. in political science from Stanford University, is an American political scientist whose research interests include democratization, civil unrest, and violent conflict. April, 2011, “Economic Growth and Political Instability,” Social Science Research Network
These statements anticipating … with the crisis.
Even if decline causes war, these wars are good—they won’t cause extinction but they will ensure the economy collapses. Lewis 98 Chris H. Lewis, Instructor in the Sewall American Studies Program at the University of Colorado, 1998, "The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Modern Industrial Civilization," The Coming Age of Scarcity: Preventing Mass Death and Genocide in the Twenty-first Century, edited by Michael N. Dobkowski and Isidor Wallimann, Published by Syracuse University Press, ISBN 0815627440, p. 56 Most critics would … of global civilization.
Concludes neg – reject new 1AR ev – they chose to purposefully cut a card out of context and now they pay the price Royal ‘10 (Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010, “Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises,” in Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer) CONCLUSION The logic … this body of literature. prefer our evidence – overwhelming evidence means we must break down now Vail 5 – Jeff Vail, attorney at Davis Graham and Stubbs LLP in Denver, Colorado specializing in litigation and energy issues, former intelligence officer with the US Air Force and energy infrastructure counterterrorism specialist with the US Department of the Interior, April 28, 2005, “The Logic of Collapse,” online: http://www.jeffvail.net/2005/04/logic-of-collapse.html But despite the … will be different”? Only our impacts are irreversible Chen 2k Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar, University of Minnesota Law School (Jim, Globalization and Its Losers, Winter 2000, 9 Minn. J. Global Trade 157, Lexis) Globalization marks the … the human understanding." 12 Outweighs econ decline Chen 2k Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar, University of Minnesota Law School (Jim, Globalization and Its Losers, Winter 2000, 9 Minn. J. Global Trade 157, Lexis) Conscious decisions to … a hundred million. 348 Turns war Speth 8 – James Gustave Speth, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, founder of the World Resources Institute, Professor at Vermont Law School, Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President, Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council, 2008, The Bridge at the Edge of the World, p. 41 In 2007, the …. from climate change.76
4/12/14
Opacity K
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 4 | Opponent: SPC NB | Judge: Adrian Brown Open Source
1/12/14
Queer Theory
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 6 | Opponent: St Paul Como Park TA | Judge: Christopher Stinson Open Source
1/12/14
Racial Binary Turns
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 4 | Opponent: SPC NB | Judge: Adrian Brown Open Source
1/12/14
Spivak K
Tournament: Minnesota Sectionals | Round: 6 | Opponent: St Paul Como Park TA | Judge: Christopher Stinson Open Source
1/12/14
Woodward Quarters
Tournament: Woodward | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Rowland Hall GL | Judge: Panel 1NC DA Russia’s econ is up because of oil – it’s key to Kremlin funds and stability Mark Adomanis 13, Forbes, (“Russia's Oil Industry Is Doing Fine, Which Is Great News For The Kremlin”, http://www.forbes.com/sites/markadomanis/2014/01/03/russias-oil-industry-is-doing-ok-which-is-good-news-for-the-kremlin/, AW) Russia’s economy had … the developed world. Massive drilling in Cuba is feasible but the embargo is the only barrier --- the plan enables Cuba to flood the oil market and drops prices Miroff 09 (Nick Miroff, staff writer, Washington Post, “Cuba's Undersea Oil Could Help Thaw Trade With U.S.”, 5/16/2009, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/05/15/AR2009051503416.html) Deep in the … attended the conference. Oil prices key to Russia’s economy – over half of government revenue Schuman, 12 – (Michael Schuman, Associated Press Staff Writer for Times. July 5, 2012. “Why Vladimir Putin Needs Higher Oil Prices,” http://business.time.com/2012/07/05/why-vladimir-putin-needs-higher-oil-prices/)//SDL But Vladimir Putin … up his popularity. Extinction Oliker 02 Olga and Tanya Charlick-Paley, RAND Corporation Project Air Force, Assessing Russia’s Decline – Trends and Implications for the United States and the U.S. Air Force, RAND) The preceding chapters … near Russian territory.
CP CP Text: The United States federal government should enter into prior binding consultation with the relevant indigenous peoples of Mexico should lift its trade sanctions on the Republic of Cuba. The United States will advocate the plan throughout the process of consultation and implement the result.
Prior consultation with Latin American indigenous peoples over engagement is critical to avert cultural and physical annihilation Kinnison, 11 – (Akilah Jenga Kinnison, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona College of Law. 2011. “INDIGENOUS CONSENT: RETHINKING U.S. CONSULTATION POLICIES IN LIGHT OF THE U.N. DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES,” http://www.arizonalawreview.org/pdf/53-4/53arizlrev1301.pdf)//SDL ¶ Due to the … large-scale extractive industries. Cultural Genocide Smith, 6 – (Andrea, Assistant Professor of Media and Cultural Studies at UC Riverside, Appropriation of Native American Religious Traditions, Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America, Vol. 1, pg. 104-105) Native spiritualities are … their spiritual practices. Politics Republicans have resumed their push – Obama’s leverage is key to sustain talks and prevent more sanctions Jennifer Rubin 3/17/14, Washington Post, (“Senate again tries to stiffen Obama’s spine on Iran”, http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2014/03/17/senate-again-tries-to-stiffen-obamas-spine-on-iran/, AW) Some 82 senators … credibility, is noise.
The GOP will exploit this to flip Democratic votes on Iran—causes sanctions Josh Rogin, Daily Beast, 2/5/14, GOP Will Force Reid to Save Obama’s Iran Policy—Over and Over Again, www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/02/05/gop-will-force-reid-to-save-obama-s-iran-policy-over-and-over-again.html
Dozens of Republican … veto-proof two-thirds supermajority. New sanctions cause negotiation collapse and Middle East War Rachel Kleinfeld, Carnegie Endowment For International Peace, 1/31/14, Sanctions Could Disrupt Negotiations With Iran, carnegieendowment.org/2014/02/03/sanctions-could-disrupt-negotiations-with-iran/h02v
Facing skyrocketing … attacks on Israel.
Nuclear war James A. Russell, Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, ‘9 (Spring) “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” IFRI, Proliferation Papers, #26, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf
Strategic stability in … the entire world.
China DA Relations high – empirically partners – recent meeting proves Aljazeera 12 – Aljazeera News, (“Cuba seeks strong trade ties with China”, Article Written for Aljazeera, 7/7/12, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia-pacific/2012/07/2012775380851346.html, AW) Cuba has signed … remains largely poor.
Lack of US economic engagement spurs China’s growth. Erikson and Chen ‘7 – (Daniel is a Senior Associate of US Policy at the Inter-American Dialogue. Janice is a degree candidate at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. “China, Taiwan, and the Battle for Latin America,” Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, Vol. 31:2, Summer 2007, pg. 71) China’s economic engagement … the Western Hemisphere. Cuba trade reverses Chinese bilateral dominance Luko 11 – (James – Served in Washington DC with the National Council For Soviet East European Research, the Smithsonian Institute and two years as an analyst with the Canadian Department of National Defence, “China's Moves on Cuba Need to Be Stopped”, 6/29, http://www.nolanchart.com/article8774-chinas-moves-on-cuba-need-to-be-stopped.html) The Red Dragon … in Florida alone! 4 Collase causes social unrest – results in great power war Kane 01 – Thomas Kane, PhD in Security Studies from the University of Hull and Lawrence Serewicz, Autumn, http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/01autumn/Kane.htm Despite China's problems … attacking adjacent countries. Case
In the face of extinction you have to weigh consequences - outweighs all else Bok 88 (Sissela Bok, Professor of Philosophy @ Brandeis University, 1988, Applied Ethical Theory, ed. Rosenthal and Shehadi, pg. 203) The same argument … of the consequences. Extinction outweighs structural violence Bostrom 12 (Nick, Professor of Philosophy at Oxford, directs Oxford's Future of Humanity Institute and winner of the Gannon Award, Interview with Ross Andersen, correspondent at The Atlantic, 3/6, “We're Underestimating the Risk of Human Extinction”, http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/03/were-underestimating-the-risk-of-human-extinction/253821/) Bostrom, who directs …, which would be The ends justify the means – moral absolutism reproduces evil Isaac 2 – (Jeffrey, Professor of PoliSci @ Indiana-Bloomington, Director of the Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life, PhD Yale, “Ends, Means, and Politics,” Dissent Magazine Vol 49 Issue 2) As a result, … undermines political effectiveness.
Value to life is inevitable—the only thing that ends value to life is death Schwartz 2 (Chair at the Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, “Medical Ethic: A Case Based Approach” Chapter 6, www.fleshandbones.com/readingroom/pdf/399.pdf) The second … ends in themselves.
The human senses … possible or available. Reps don’t cause war Reiter 95 DAN REITER is a Professor of Political Science at Emory University and has been an Olin post-doctoral fellow in security studies at Harvard “Exploring the Powder Keg Myth” International Security v20 No2 Autumn 1995 pp 5-34 JSTOR A criticism of … of such a test. Their conception of violence is reductive and can’t be solved Boulding 77 (Kenneth E. Boulding Reviewed workJournal of Peace Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1977), pp. 75- Economist, educator, peace activist, He graduated from Oxford University, and was granted United States citizenship in 1948. During the years 1949 to 1967, he was a faculty member of the University of Michigan) Finally, we come … finding the answer. Preventing death is the first ethical priority – it’s the only impact you can’t recover from. Bauman 95 Zygmunt Bauman, University of Leeds Professor Emeritus of Sociology, 1995, Life In Fragments: Essays In Postmodern Morality, p. 66-71 The being for is … , in the present.
They’ve overdetermined the role of epistemology – even if threats are socially constructed, that construction is still real. Their critical authors are equally guilty of the same epistemological bias and you should reject the aff’s methodology for not being specific enough to actual empirics and studies Lipshutz 2011 – Prof of Politics at UC Santa Cruz, speaking after hearing a policy debate in which the affirmative read a straight up policy aff and the negative read a security criticism (Ronnie, Speaking about the final round at the California Round Robin, Feb 18, Accessed here: http://nfltv.org/2011/02/24/cal-round-robin-policy/) RONNIE LIPSCHUTZ: Well, many … Bourdieu. I’m done.
Threats real and not constructed—rational risk assessment goes neg Knudsen 1– PoliSci Professor at Sodertorn (Olav, Post-Copenhagen Security Studies, Security Dialogue 32:3) Moreover, I have … dealing with them.
Apocalypticism is good---causes productive change Bruce Tonn 6 – Department of Political Science, University of Tennessee, and Jenna Tonn, Department of the History of Science, Harvard University – Futures 41 (2009) 760–765 – obtained via Science Direct This discussion has … of the world.
Desecuritization is not emancipatory---it’s worse for every tangible impact they isolate Nunes 7 – Joao Reis Nunes, Marie Curie Fellow and Ph. D. Candidate in International Politics at University of Wales, Aberystwyth, September 2007, “Politics, Security, Critical Theory: A Contribution to Current Debates on Security,” online: http://archive.sgir.eu/uploads/Nunes-joaonunes-politicssecuritycriticaltheory.pdf Yet, not all of … that the others14. CSS=Critical Security Studies
Security isn’t fundamental – the alt causes conservative backlash and threats real Nunes, 12 Reclaiming the political: Emancipation and critique in security studies, João Nunes, Security Dialogue 2012 43: 345,Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, UK, p. sage publications Conclusion This article … sense of purpose.
US imperialism is key to solve conflict – the alternative is far more violent Busby, 12 Get Real Chicago IR guys out in force, Josh, Assistant Professor of Public Affairs and a fellow in the RGK Center for Philanthropy and Community Service as well as a Crook Distinguished Scholar at the Robert S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law. http://duckofminerva.blogspot.com/2012/01/get-real-chicago-ir-guys-out-in-force.html Is Unipolarity Peaceful? … balance against it. There’s no impact and their rejection of military action reinscribes imperial relations and guarantees global violence Marko Attila Hoare, University of Cambridge History Research Fellow, Kingston University Senior Research Fellow, Summer 2006, Occidentalism: The West in the Eyes of its Enemies, http://bit.ly/11e8uXY 8) Anti-imperialism is … other, not opposites.
Criticizing Western “colonialism” obscures more insidious practices by regional powers Shaw 2 – Sussex IR Professor (Martin, The Problem of the Quasi-Imperial State, www.martinshaw.org/empire.htm) Nor have many … enemies closer to.
China is a real threat that must be securitized against Blumenthal et al 11 ( Dan Blumenthal is a current commissioner and former vice chairman of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, where he directs efforts to monitor, investigate, and provide recommendations on the national security implications of the economic relationship between the two countries. “Avoiding Armageddon with China” http://shadow.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/09/06/avoiding_armageddon_with_china?wpisrc=obinsite ,KENTUCKY) The balancing and … lead to Armageddon.
Empiricism is useful, despite complexity Sil 2k—pol sci, U Penn (Rudra, Beyond Boundaries, ed Sil and Doherty, 148-9,)
The differences among … of social reality.
Extinction o/w structural violence—particularly true for policymakers Ignatieff 4 (Michael, Carr Professor of Human Rights @ Harvard, Lesser Evils, p. 18-19) As for … to betray another.
War causes structural violence—not the other way around Bulloch 8 Millennium - Journal of International Studies May 2008 vol. 36 no. 3 575-595 Douglas Bulloch, IR Department, London School of Economics and Political Science. He is currently completing his PhD in International Relations at the London School of Economics, during which time he spent a year editing Millennium: Journal of International Studies
But the idea … potentially radically – political.
Consequentialism is inevitable - deontology always devolves into it Green 2 – Assistant Professor Department of Psychology Harvard University (Joshua, November 2002 "The Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Truth About Morality And What To Do About It", 314) Some people who … or covertly consequentialist.
Block China Disad Cuba-Chinese bilat high – US embargo Bonzón 13 – Yailé Balloqui Bonzón, Senior Writer for Juventudrebelde, The Newspaper of Cuban Youth, (“Cuba and China Reinforce Relations”, Article Written for Juventudrebelde, 5/31/13, http://www.juventudrebelde.co.cu/international/2013-05-31/cuba-and-china-reinforce-relations/, AW) The Politburo member … signature of agreements. Their econ defense isn’t specific to China – Econ collapse causes multiple scenarios for nuclear conflict Auslin 9—Michael Auslin is a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. February 5, 2009, “Averting Disaster,” The Weekly Standard, http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/016/115jtnqw.asp AS THEY DEAL … in the past.
China solves Cuban market liberalization – doesn’t undermine US Hearn 12 – Adrian H. Hearn, Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellow at the University of Sydney and co-chair of the Latin American Studies Association (LASA) Section for Asia and the Americas, (“Journal of Current Chinese Affairs”, http://journals.sub.uni-hamburg.de/giga/jcca/article/viewFile/498/496, January 7th, 2012, AW) Like their Chinese … with international conventions.
Engagement with China benefit LAs countries – structural factors check competition Chen and Chen 6/17, Kayla Chen, Colby College in 2012 with a BA in Global Studies with concentrations in Latin America and Development Policy, and a minor in East Asian Studies, Xiangming Chen, Founding Dean and Director of the Center for Urban and Global Studies and Paul Raether Distinguished Professor of Global Urban Studies and Sociology at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut and Distinguished Guest Professor in the School of Social Development and Public Policy at Fudan University, (“The Global Rise of China”, 6/17/13, http://www.eurasiareview.com/17062013-china-and-latin-america-connected-and-competing-analysis/, AW) China’s stronger economic … be an outlier.
China won’t collapse development---their restructuring will actually help LAC economies Sarmiento-Saher 13 (Sebastian Sarmiento-Saher is an editorial assistant for The Diplomat, “China and Latin America: Big Business and Big Competition” http://thediplomat.com/china-power/china-and-latin-america-big-business-and-big-competition/) Despite these issues, … hold governments accountable. Chinese trade is sustainable – recent initiatives and studies Rowling 5/9 – Megan Rowling, journalist for the Thomson Reuters Foundation, (“Chinese investors become responsible in Latin America – study”, 5/9/13, http://www.trust.org/item/20130509101558-oi5aw/, AW) Chinese investors in … top mineral-exporting nation.
EVEN IF they win true engagement isn’t zero sum – it’s perceived as zero-sum – that shuts China out Watson 07 – Cynthia A. Watson, Professor of Strategy at National War College, Washington, D.C. ENTER THE DRAGON? China’s Presence in Latin America, 2007, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/EnterDragonFinal.pdf Beijing probably … Latin American neighbors. China doesn’t pose a threat to the US Williams 08 – Danny A. Williams, MA from Air Command and Staff College, (“The “China Syndrome” in Latin America: A Research Report Submitted to the Faculty In Partial Fulfillment of the Graduation Requirements”, 04/2008, http://dtlweb.au.af.mil///exlibris/dtl/d3_1/apache_media/L2V4bGlicmlzL2R0bC9kM18xL2FwYWNoZV9tZWRpYS8zMTEwMg==.pdf, AW) An alternate view … , India, and Russia.”166
Bilateral economic cooperation is key to relations Kunsheng 12 – Zhang Kunsheng, Assistant Foreign Minister and Senior Fellow of the China Institute of International Studies, (“On Strengthening China’s Relations with Latin American and Caribbean Countries under New Situation”, 10/30/12, http://www.ciis.org.cn/english/2012-10/30/content_5446364.htm, AW) Second, the convergence … the two sides.
Case Their conception of violence is reductive and can’t be solved Boulding 77 (Kenneth E. Boulding Reviewed workJournal of Peace Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1977), pp. 75- Economist, educator, peace activist, He graduated from Oxford University, and was granted United States citizenship in 1948. During the years 1949 to 1967, he was a faculty member of the University of Michigan) Finally, we come … finding the answer. Threats real and not constructed—rational risk assessment goes neg Knudsen 1– PoliSci Professor at Sodertorn (Olav, Post-Copenhagen Security Studies, Security Dialogue 32:3) Moreover, I have … dealing with them. Apocalypticism is good---causes productive change Bruce Tonn 6 – Department of Political Science, University of Tennessee, and Jenna Tonn, Department of the History of Science, Harvard University – Futures 41 (2009) 760–765 – obtained via Science Direct This discussion has … of the world. Desecuritization is not emancipatory---it’s worse for every tangible impact they isolate Nunes 7 – Joao Reis Nunes, Marie Curie Fellow and Ph. D. Candidate in International Politics at University of Wales, Aberystwyth, September 2007, “Politics, Security, Critical Theory: A Contribution to Current Debates on Security,” online: http://archive.sgir.eu/uploads/Nunes-joaonunes-politicssecuritycriticaltheory.pdf Yet, not all … that the others14. CSS=Critical Security Studies
Security isn’t fundamental – the alt causes conservative backlash and threats real Nunes, 12 Reclaiming the political: Emancipation and critique in security studies, João Nunes, Security Dialogue 2012 43: 345,Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, UK, p. sage publications Conclusion This article … sense of purpose.
Criticizing Western “colonialism” obscures more insidious practices by regional powers Shaw 2 – Sussex IR Professor (Martin, The Problem of the Quasi-Imperial State, www.martinshaw.org/empire.htm) Nor have many … enemies closer to.
Extinction o/w structural violence—particularly true for policymakers Ignatieff 4 (Michael, Carr Professor of Human Rights @ Harvard, Lesser Evils, p. 18-19) As for moral perfectionism … to betray another.
War causes structural violence—not the other way around Bulloch 8 Millennium - Journal of International Studies May 2008 vol. 36 no. 3 575-595 Douglas Bulloch, IR Department, London School of Economics and Political Science. He is currently completing his PhD in International Relations at the London School of Economics, during which time he spent a year editing Millennium: Journal of International Studies
But the idea … potentially radically – political.
Consequentialism is inevitable - deontology always devolves into it Green 2 – Assistant Professor Department of Psychology Harvard University (Joshua, November 2002 "The Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Truth About Morality And What To Do About It", 314) Some people … or covertly consequentialist. Governments can’t make case by case judgments, they have to base their decisions on broad trends and averages, necessitating consequentialism Goodin 90, Fellow of Philosophy – Australian National University 1990 The Utilitarian Response In response to … to act upon. Ethical purity impossible - you should evaluate consequences and try to provide the greatest good for the greatest number Ignatieff 04 –, Carr prof. of human rights at Harvard, 2004 (Michael, Carr professor of human rights at Harvard, 2004 Lesser Evils p. 18-19) To insist that … to their correctness.
Russia Disad Escalates – structural factors Filger 9 (Sheldon, Author – Huffington Post, “Russian Economy Faces Disastrous Free Fall Contraction”, http://www.globaleconomiccrisis.com/blog/archives/356) In Russia, historically, … least dangerous consequence. Magnitude – we outweigh Nick Bostrum 2, Professor of Philosophy, Yale University, “Existential Risks: Analyzing Human Extinction Scenarios and Related Hazards,” 2002, www.transhumanist.com/volume9/risks.html. A much … preludes to the
Framing question — $100 is the tipping point—default to specificity Ostrouckh and Marson 13 – Andrey Ostrouckh and James Marson, Senior Writers for the Wall Street Journal, 9/2/13, (“Slowdown Is Forcing Russia to Trim Spending, Says Putin”, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324432404579051040700939878.html, AW) Any cuts that … Bank in Moscow Russia’s economy is up only because of oil prices – the plan crushes it by increasing production David Grossman 1/24, The Chicago Maroon, (“Unsustainable resource, sustainable economy”, http://chicagomaroon.com/2014/01/24/unsustainable-resource-sustainable-economy/, AW) Unlike many countries … artificially high price.
Plan unlocks Cuban reserves – massively increases oil production – that spikes prices – prefer our evidence – it’s contexualized to the way CUBA affects GLOBAL MARKET PRICES – that’s Cala—no link arguments Lifting the embargo is the only way to increase drilling in Cuba Gould, 9 – (Jens Erik Gould, Associated Press Staff Writer for Bloomberg. April 3, 2009. “Cuba Would Welcome U.S. Oil Companies If Embargo Ends (Update2),” http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchiveandsid=anxecGjW.7_U)//SDL April 3 (Bloomberg) -- Cuba would welcome … on its doorstep.”
3/23/14
Woodward Round 2
Tournament: Woodward | Round: 2 | Opponent: Chattahoochee HK | Judge: Emily Sun 1NC Topicality
1) Terminal defense - no solvency is possible without implementation specifics. Elmore 80 (Prof. Public Affairs at University of Washington, PolySci Quarterly 79-80, p. 605)
The emergence of … realm of implementation.
Policies like theirs that are overly vague are voided and rejected. The Supreme Court doctrine says they cant pass excessively void plans. Impact – Laws are rejected if vague – considered unconstitutional “Void for Vagueness Doctrine” (Accessed 10/13/10 – http://law.jrank.org/pages/11152/Void-Vagueness-Doctrine.html) If a person … commands or forbids
2) The plan is a massive congressional fight that infects the legislative future of unrelated initiatives LeoGrande ‘12 William M. LeoGrande School of Public Affairs American University, Professor of Government and a specialist in Latin American politics and U.S. foreign policy toward Latin America, Professor LeoGrande has been a frequent adviser to government and private sector agencies, 12/18/12, http://www.american.edu/clals/upload/LeoGrande-Fresh-Start.pdf
Where in the … to take action 3) The GOP will exploit this to flip Democratic votes on Iran—causes sanctions Josh Rogin, Daily Beast, 2/5/14, GOP Will Force Reid to Save Obama’s Iran Policy—Over and Over Again, www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/02/05/gop-will-force-reid-to-save-obama-s-iran-policy-over-and-over-again.html
Dozens of Republican … two-thirds supermajority. 4) New sanctions cause negotiation collapse and Middle East War Rachel Kleinfeld, Carnegie Endowment For International Peace, 1/31/14, Sanctions Could Disrupt Negotiations With Iran, carnegieendowment.org/2014/02/03/sanctions-could-disrupt-negotiations-with-iran/h02v
Facing skyrocketing inflation … attacks on Israel.
5) Nuclear war James A. Russell, Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, ‘9 (Spring) “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” IFRI, Proliferation Papers, #26, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf
Strategic stability in … the entire world. CP The United States Federal Government should offer to phase out a substantial portion of its economic restrictions toward Cuba if and only if expropriated property in Cuba is paid and a transaction fee with Cuba is set up for a settlement fund.
Counterplan solves the case and doesn’t link to politics Tomargo 12. Mauricio J. Tomargo, 14th Chairman of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission, recognized authority on international law with particular expertise in international claims law and claims against foreign sovereigns, such as Iraq Claims, Cuba Claims, and Lybia Claims, “A Process to Begin Settling American Certified Claims Against Cuba,” 2/28/12 http://www.pobletetamargo.com/the-pt-law-blog/international-claims/settle-american-claims-against-cuba The current commerce … future claims programs.
Engaging Cuba before resolving claims leads to global expropriations JCC 6 A resource for information pertaining to certified Cuban claims. 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060814030423/http://www.certifiedcubanclaims.org/faqs.htm Q. Why is it … occur without consequence. K Orthodox atomistic approaches to global problems makes extinction inevitable – we control causality of conflict Ahmed 12 Dr. Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed is Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development (IPRD), an independent think tank focused on the study of violent conflict, he has taught at the Department of International Relations, University of Sussex "The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society" Global Change, Peace and Security Volume 23, Issue 3, 2011 Taylor Francis 3. From securitisation to militarisation 3.1 Complicity
Orthodox IR approaches: … guarantees greater insecurity. The alternative is to reject the 1AC – it adopts a realist approach to IR – demand an analysis of global issues through a constructivist lens instead Bilgin 5—Pinar Bilgin, Associate Professor of International Relations at Bilkent University (Turkey) “Conclusion,” Regional Security in the Middle East: A Critical Perspective, Published by Routledge, ISBN 0415325498, p. 205-207 Emphasising the … to the future’.
Credibility Plan doesn’t solve perception—one action doesn’t solve Hanson ‘09associate director and coordinating editor at CFR.org 2009 Stephanie “US Cuba Relations” Council on Foreign Relations 4/14 http://gees.org/documentos/Documen-03412.pdf
Given the range … issue," says Sweig. 8 point font concedes alt causes – Guantanamo, Kyoto, Bali conference, the ICC, and human rights treaties Burgsdorff—their author—9– Ph. D in Political Science from Freiburg University, EU Fellow at the University of Miami (Sven Kühn von, “Problems and Opportunities for the Incoming Obama Administration”, http://www6.miami.edu/eucenter/publications/vonBurgsdorfUSvsCubalong09edi.pdf)
6.3 How would … towards effective multilateralism. Multilateral efforts terminally fail - plan can't solve the system Barma et al. 13 Naazneen Barma is an assistant professor of national-security affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School. Ely Ratner is a fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Steven Weber is a professor of political science and at the School of Information at the University of California, Berkeley, The National Interest, March/April 2013, "The Mythical Liberal Order", http://nationalinterest.org/article/the-mythical-liberal-order-8146
Not only have … meaningfully different way. Data disproves hegemony impacts Fettweis, 11 Christopher J. Fettweis, Department of Political Science, Tulane University, 9/26/11, Free Riding or Restraint? Examining European Grand Strategy, Comparative Strategy, 30:316–332, EBSCO
It is perhaps … on faith alone.
Heg doesn’t solve war Mastanduno, 9 – Professor of Government at Dartmouth (Michael, World Politics 61, No. 1, Ebsco)
During the cold … its own way.
Retrenchment sustains leadership and solves conflict Parent and MacDonald 11 (Joseph M. Parent is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami. Paul K. MacDonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Wellesley College., November/December 2011, "The Wisdom of Retrenchment: America Must Cut Back to Move Forward, www.ihavenet.com/World-United-States-The-Wisdom-of-Retrenchment-America-Must-Cut-Back-to-Move-Forward-Foreign-Affairs.html)
Even if a policy … to its leadership.
No challengers Kaplan, senior fellow – Center for a New American Security, and Kaplan, frmr. vice chairman – National Intelligence Council, ‘11 (Robert D and Stephen S, “America Primed,” The National Interest, March/April)
But in spite … free of illusion. Status quo solves—Obama has moved to multilateralism on Libya and beyond. The UN is back, and other nations are following the US lead! World Outline, postgraduate student in international affairs at King’s College, 1/24/2012 “How valuable is multilateral diplomacy in a post-9/11 world?,” http://worldoutline.wordpress.com/2012/01/24/how-valuable-is-multilateral-diplomacy-in-a-post-911-world/ At the turn … a decade ago.
Multilat fails Holmes ’10 Kim Holmes, VP, foreign policy and defense studies, Heritage. Frmr Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs. While at the State Department, Holmes was responsible for developing policy and coordinating U.S. engagement at the United Nations and 46 other international organizations. Member of the CFR. Frmr adjunct prof of history, Georgetown. PhD in history, Georgetown, Smart Multilateralism and the United Nations, 21 Sept. 2010, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2010/09/smart-multilateralism-when-and-when-not-to-rely-on-the-united-nations
The need for … or political groupings
Ethanol Can’t re-build sugar sector – unworkable land and long-time frame. Soligo ’10 – et al; Ronald Soligo is a professor emeritus of economics at Rice University and a Rice scholar at the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy. The author writes a chapter within the book “Cuba’s Energy Future: Strategic Approaches to Cooperation,” a Brookings Publication, edited by Jonathan Benjamin-Alvarado, PhD of Political Science, University of Nebraska –obtained as an ebook through MSU Electronic Resources – page 102
Three and a … to be considered. Non-unique --- Brazil is investing in Cuban sugar ethanol in the status quo and will only increase. Israel 12 – (Esteban, Reuters Correspondent to Brazil, “Brazil to breathe life into faded Cuban sugar sector,” Reuters, 1-30-12, http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/30/brazil-cuba-sugar-idAFL2E8CUA7620120130) SAO PAULO, Jan 30 (Reuters) - Brazilian builder Odebrecht … ministry told Reuters.
Aff doesn’t solve – only increases US corn output – can’t solve globally No scarcity and no impact Jalsevac 4 (Paul, Life site news a division of Interim Publishing, “The Inherent Racism of Population Control”, http://www.lifesite.net/waronfamily/Population_Control/Inherentracism.pdf) The pattern continues … the modern world.
Ethanol increases the risk of global warming- studies prove Mendonça 09 – (Maria Luisa Mendonça, researcher of the University of Sao Paulo , “Impacts of Expansion of Sugarcane Monocropping for Ethanol Production”, Land Research Action Network, 01/27/2009, http://www.landaction.org/spip.php?article380) Brazil is the … big multinational companies.”7
Alt cause—HFC—accelerate climate change and kill the ozone layer—causes extinction Lefton et al ‘13 (Rebecca Lefton is a Senior Policy Analyst at American Progress, specializing in international climate change policy and sustainable development. She develops policy positions and strategizes campaigns to advance public awareness and understanding of international energy and climate issues, and directs legislative and advocacy initiatives. She represents American Progress at global conferences, including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development. She holds a master’s degree in public policy from the Harris School of Public Policy at the University of Chicago, where she was an academic chair for women in public policy. Ben Bovarnick graduated from the University of Rochester with a bachelor of arts in chemistry and political science and is originally from Oakland, California. “Top 5 Reasons to Phase Down HFCs in the Montreal Protocol.” Center for American Progress. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2013/10/23/77798/top-5-reasons-to-phase-down-hfcs-in-the-montreal-protocol/. 10/23/2013. EJW. 3/16/2014.) In 1974, scientists … to curb HFCs. 5. Genetic variability proves bio-d’s inevitable Sagoff 8 Mark, Senior Research Scholar @ Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy @ School of Public Policy @ U. Maryland, Environmental Values, “On the Economic Value of Ecosystem Services”, 17:2, 239-257, EBSCO What about the … hundreds of others.
Food shortage doesn’t cause war – best studies Allouche 11, research Fellow – water supply and sanitation @ Institute for Development Studies, frmr professor – MIT, ‘11 (Jeremy, “The sustainability and resilience of global water and food systems: Political analysis of the interplay between security, resource scarcity, political systems and global trade,” Food Policy, Vol. 36 Supplement 1, p. S3-S8, January)
Block CP Counterplan solves multilateralism – it’s a precondition to the aff Travieso-Diaz 95 Matias F. Travieso-Diaz lawyer focused on administrative and judicial litigation and arbitration proceedings. He has represented U.S. and foreign clients in administrative, judicial, and international arbitration proceedings “SOME LEGAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES IN THE RESOLUTION OF CUBAN NATIONALS' EXPROPRIATION CLAIMS AGAINST CUBA” Vol. 16:2 Pages 221-222 https://www.law.upenn.edu/journals/jil/articles/volume16/issue2/Travieso-diaz16U.Pa.J.Int'lBus.L.217(1995).pdf The outstanding property … the trade embargo.2
Tournament: Woodward | Round: 4 | Opponent: Niles West GH | Judge: Erin Ramsey 1NC Topicality Interpretation “Engagement” requires the provision of positive incentives Haass 00 – Richard Haass and Meghan O’Sullivan, Brookings Institution Foreign Policy Studies Program, Honey and Vinegar: Incentives, Sanctions, and Foreign Policy, p. 1-2
The term engagement … States has important disagreements. Ground --- coercive pressure is containment, not “engagement” --- their interpretation destroys ground because it accesses a vastly different and unpredictable literature base Johnston 99 – Alastair Iain Johnston, Laine Professor of China in World Affairs in the Government Department at Harvard University, et al., Engaging China: The Management of an Emerging Power, Ed. Johnson and Ross, p. xiv-iv
Plan is unpopular – bureaucracy causes backlash Dallas Morning News 8 “EDITORIAL: NADBank deserves U.S. funding” ProQuest Not everyone … in the future. The GOP will exploit this to flip Democratic votes on Iran—causes sanctions Josh Rogin, Daily Beast, 2/5/14, GOP Will Force Reid to Save Obama’s Iran Policy—Over and Over Again, www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/02/05/gop-will-force-reid-to-save-obama-s-iran-policy-over-and-over-again.html
Dozens of Republican … veto-proof two-thirds supermajority. New sanctions cause negotiation collapse and Middle East War Rachel Kleinfeld, Carnegie Endowment For International Peace, 1/31/14, Sanctions Could Disrupt Negotiations With Iran, carnegieendowment.org/2014/02/03/sanctions-could-disrupt-negotiations-with-iran/h02v
Facing skyrocketing inflation, … attacks on Israel.
Nuclear war James A. Russell, Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, ‘9 (Spring) “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” IFRI, Proliferation Papers, #26, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf
Strategic stability in … the entire world.
CP CP Text: The United States federal government should enter into prior binding consultation with the relevant indigenous peoples of Mexico over increase its infrastructure investment toward Mexico by expanding the North American Development Bank’s mandate to include investment in border infrastructure. The United States will advocate the plan throughout the process of consultation and implement the result.
Prior consultation with Latin American indigenous peoples over engagement is critical to avert cultural and physical annihilation Kinnison, 11 – (Akilah Jenga Kinnison, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona College of Law. 2011. “INDIGENOUS CONSENT: RETHINKING U.S. CONSULTATION POLICIES IN LIGHT OF THE U.N. DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES,” http://www.arizonalawreview.org/pdf/53-4/53arizlrev1301.pdf)//SDL ¶ Due to the … large-scale extractive industries. Cultural Genocide Smith, 6 – (Andrea, Assistant Professor of Media and Cultural Studies at UC Riverside, Appropriation of Native American Religious Traditions, Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America, Vol. 1, pg. 104-105) Native spiritualities are … of their spiritual practices. Extinction – each loss contributes to an invisible threshold Stavenhagen, 90 – (Rodolfo, Professor @ the United Nations University, The Ethnic Question pg. 73) The struggle for … all human beings.
B) Insufficient workforce Gerber and Valencia et al 11 (January 24, the Director of the Center for Latin American Studies (CLAS) and a Professor of Economics at San Diego State University, Associate Professor, School of Transborder Studies, Senior Sustainability Scientist, Global Institute of Sustainability Affiliate, “Re-Imagining the U.S.-Mexico Border: Policies toward a More Competitive and Sustainable Transborder Region” http://www.degruyter.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/view/j/gej.2011.10.4/gej.2011.10.4.1681/gej.2011.10.4.1681.xml?format) In addition to … with the border.
NADBank fails – cost inefficiencies, sovereignty Vanderpool 6 (Tim Vanderpool, “NADBank Blues: Will Border Cleanup Efforts Be Abandoned,” 04/13/2006, http://www.tucsonweekly.com/tucson/nadbank-blues/Content?oid=1083801, AC) Still, the NADBank … are pretty high.” NadBank is ineffective LCLAA, 04 (Labor Council for Latin American Advancement, Public Citizen, a nonprofit organization based in Washington, D.C., dedicated to advancing consumer rights, through lobbying, litigation, research, publications and information services, “Another Americas is Possible: The Impact of NAFTA on the U.S. Latino Community and Lessons for Future Trade Agreements, A Joint Report by Labor Council for Latin American Advancement and Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch” http://www.citizen.org/documents/LatinosReportFINAL.pdf)//YS, accessed 7/02/13 The institutions created … in 1999 alone. Banking can’t solve warming – empirics and profit motives Cogan et al 8 (Doug Cogan, Director of Climate Change research, RiskMetrics, “Corporate Governance and Climate Change: The Banking Sector”, http://www.ceres.org/resources/reports/corporate-governance-banking-sector, ZS) Yet for all …. coal-fired power plants.
Alt cause—HFC—thousands of times more potent than CO2 and accelerates climate change—just CO2 reduction strategy can’t solve—causes extinction Lefton et al ‘13 (Rebecca Lefton is a Senior Policy Analyst at American Progress, specializing in international climate change policy and sustainable development. She develops policy positions and strategizes campaigns to advance public awareness and understanding of international energy and climate issues, and directs legislative and advocacy initiatives. She represents American Progress at global conferences, including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development. She holds a master’s degree in public policy from the Harris School of Public Policy at the University of Chicago, where she was an academic chair for women in public policy. Ben Bovarnick graduated from the University of Rochester with a bachelor of arts in chemistry and political science and is originally from Oakland, California. “Top 5 Reasons to Phase Down HFCs in the Montreal Protocol.” Center for American Progress. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2013/10/23/77798/top-5-reasons-to-phase-down-hfcs-in-the-montreal-protocol/. 10/23/2013. EJW. 3/16/2014.)
In 1974, scientists … to curb HFCs. No chance of war from economic decline---best and most recent data Daniel W. Drezner 12, Professor, The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, October 2012, “The Irony of Global Economic Governance: The System Worked,” http://www.globaleconomicgovernance.org/wp-content/uploads/IR-Colloquium-MT12-Week-5_The-Irony-of-Global-Economic-Governance.pdf The final …. regarded as fortunate.”42 Decline doesn’t cause conflict – uptick is correlated to war Boehmer 02 – (3/24/02, Charles, PhD in international relations, professor of political science at University of Texas at El Paso, “Domestic Crisis and Interstate Conflict: The Impact of Economic Crisis, Domestic Discord, and State Efficacy on the Decision to Initiate Interstate Conflict,” prepared for the meetings of International Studies Association, http://isanet.ccit.arizona.edu/noarchive/boehmer.html) *BLUE* Studies of diversionary … militarized interstate conflicts. Collapse inevitable and tech can’t solve - complexity and diminishing returns – delay is worst option Mackenzie 8 – Debora Mackenzie, Science Journalist for New Scientist and other publications, April 5, 2008, “Are We Doomed?,” New Scientist, Vol. 197, No. 2650 *YELLOW* The end of … cannot be sustainable. ¶ ¶ Collapse now key – creates sustainable transition Korowicz, 11 – (5/14/11, David Korowicz, physicist and human systems ecologist, the director of The Risk/Resilience Network in Ireland, a board member of FEASTA (The Foundation for the Economics of Sustainability), former head of research for The Ecology Foundation, and was recently appointed to the council of Comhar, Ireland's Sustainable Development Partnership, “In the world, at the limits to growth,” http://www.feasta.org/2011/05/14/in-the-world-at-the-limits-to-growth/) *BLUE* Yet our feet … of experience found. Growth locks in warming – extinction Jorgen Randers 12, Professor of Climate Strategy at BI Norwegian Business School, September/October 2012, “It’s a Small World,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 91, No. 5, p. 167-169 *YELLOW* The fundamental message … flow of investments. Tech doesn’t solve David Shearman 7, Emeritus professor of medicine at Adelaide University, Secretary of Doctors for the Environment Australia, and an Independent Assessor on the IPCC; and Joseph Wayne Smith, lawyer and philosopher with a research interest in environmentalism, 2007, The Climate Change Challenge and the Failure of Democracy, p. 153-156 Hundreds of … as its lifeblood?
Establishing and expanding a patent regime in Mexico only consolidates corporate monopoly while decreasing innovation—the aff crowds out Mexican biotech development. Ribiero 2003 (Silvia Ribeiro is a researcher and program manager with ETC Group (formerly RAFI), based in Mexico. Originally from Uruguay, she has a background as a publisher, journalist and environmental campaigner in Uruguay, Brazil, Sweden and Mexico. Voices from the South: The Third World Debunks Corporate Myths on Genetically Engineered Crops”)
Intellectual property myths …and technology transfer. Economic engagement to Mexico is a guise for American Imperialism de Regil ‘4 (Álvaro J, The Jus Semper Global Alliance, "The Neo-Capitalist Assault in Mexico: Democracy vis-à-vis the logic of the market," http://www.jussemper.org/Resources/Economic20Data/Resources/Neo-capAssaultMexico.pdf) If Echeverria indebted … from 47 to 53. 1 0
Bilateralism is used to create asymmetrical power relations that lock in neoliberalism Phillips, Sheffield political economy professor, 2005 (Nicola, “U.S. Power and the Politics of Economic Governance in the Americas”, Latin American Politics and Society, 47.4, December, Wiley)
What explains … a comprehensive FTAA.
Their econ advantage turns the case – Do not be fooled by supposed concern for biodiversity - The invocation of biodiversity as a justification of foreign aid is part and parcel of the neoliberalist agenda that accepts environmental protection only insofar as it does not challenge the fundamental devastation wrought by capitalist accumulation Corson 2010 (Catherine; Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies, Mount Holyoke; Shifting Environmental Governance in a Neoliberal World: US AID for Conservation Antipode Volume 42, Issue 3, pages 576–602, June 2010)
Neoliberal expansion results in inequality, poverty, and environmental collapse – that spirals into extinction Haque, Singapore political science professor, 1999 (M. Shamshul, “The Fate of Sustainable Development Under Neo-Liberal Regimes in Developing Countries”, International Political Science Review April 1999 20.2, Sage)
As discussed above … consumption of nature.
Neoliberalism spirals into ecological destruction and extinction---tech and reforms fail Richard A. Smith 7, Research Associate at the Institute for Policy Research and Development, UK; PhD in History from UCLA, June 2007, “The Eco-suicidal Economics of Adam Smith,” Capitalism Nature Socialism, Vol. 18, No. 2, p. 22-43 In the midst … thought is required."27 Block DDEV Growth turns every impact – try-or-die for transition Immanuel Wallerstein is a senior research scholar at Yale University, JAN / FEB 2011, “THE GLOBAL ECONOMY WON'T RECOVER, NOW OR EVER” , http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/02/unconventional_wisdom?page=0,9, KENTUCKY Virtually everyone everywhere-economists … created, is elsewhere.
No chance of war from economic decline---best and most recent data Daniel W. Drezner 12, Professor, The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, October 2012, “The Irony of Global Economic Governance: The System Worked,” http://www.globaleconomicgovernance.org/wp-content/uploads/IR-Colloquium-MT12-Week-5_The-Irony-of-Global-Economic-Governance.pdf *YELLOW* The final outcome … regarded as fortunate.”42 Lack of internal link magnitude disincentives conflict Robert Jervis 11, Professor in the Department of Political Science and School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University, December 2011, “Force in Our Times,” Survival, Vol. 25, No. 4, p. 403-425 *YELLOW* Even if … make war thinkable. Prefer our evidence – theirs is only alarmism Barnett 9—senior managing director of Enterra Solutions LLC (Thomas, The New Rules: Security Remains Stable Amid Financial Crisis, 25 August 2009, http://www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules~-~-security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx) When the global … supplant its role. There is no causal relationship between the economy and conflict—the best study proves. Brandt and Ulfelder 11—*Patrick T. Brandt, Ph.D. in Political Science from Indiana University, is an Assistant Professor of Political Science in the School of Social Science at the University of Texas at Dallas. Jay Ulfelder, Ph.D. in political science from Stanford University, is an American political scientist whose research interests include democratization, civil unrest, and violent conflict. April, 2011, “Economic Growth and Political Instability,” Social Science Research Network
These statements anticipating …. with the crisis.
Even if decline causes war, these wars are good—they won’t cause extinction but they will ensure the economy collapses. Lewis 98 Chris H. Lewis, Instructor in the Sewall American Studies Program at the University of Colorado, 1998, "The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Modern Industrial Civilization," The Coming Age of Scarcity: Preventing Mass Death and Genocide in the Twenty-first Century, edited by Michael N. Dobkowski and Isidor Wallimann, Published by Syracuse University Press, ISBN 0815627440, p. 56 Most critics would … of global civilization.
Diversonary theory is crap – 180 empirics Gelpi 97 (Christopher, Center for International Affairs @ Harvard, "Democratic Diversions," Sage) Students of international … peace are discussed.
Diversionary theory Not true – best stats Bennett 2k – PolSci Prof, Penn State (Scott and Timothy Nordstrom, Foreign Policy Substitutability and Internal Economic Problems in Enduring Rivalries, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Ebsco) Conflict settlement is … the United States.
Royal Concludes neg – reject new 1AR ev – they chose to purposefully cut a card out of context and now they pay the price Royal ‘10 (Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010, “Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises,” in Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer) CONCLUSION The logic … body of literature.
Economic growth fuels fast power transitions and democratic revolutions that undermine global political stability Dani Rodrik 11 is Professor of political economy at Harvard University "Economic growth is not enough" Feb 13 www.thestar.com/opinion/editorialopinion/article/937726--economic-growth-is-not-enough Perhaps the most … in power forever. Prefer our evidence – overwhelming evidence means we must break down now Vail 5 – Jeff Vail, attorney at Davis Graham and Stubbs LLP in Denver, Colorado specializing in litigation and energy issues, former intelligence officer with the US Air Force and energy infrastructure counterterrorism specialist with the US Department of the Interior, April 28, 2005, “The Logic of Collapse,” online: http://www.jeffvail.net/2005/04/logic-of-collapse.html But despite the … will be different”? AND – Even if they win they solve some problems – the overwhelming math and models prove breakdown is inevitable Hengeveld 12 – (2012, Rob, PhD, Professor of Earth and Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, “Our apocalyptic odds,” http://www.salon.com/2012/04/14/our_apocalyptic_odds/) Because they are … collapse will occur.
Post-transition society will be prosperous and ecologically sustainable Heinberg 10 – Richard Heinberg, Senior Fellow at The Post-Carbon Institute, Professor at the New College of California, March 4, 2010, “What if the economy doesn't recover?,” online: http://www.countercurrents.org/heinberg040310.htm 2. The basic factors that will inevitably shape whatever replaces the growth economy are knowable. To survive and … in their absence.
7. FAILURE None of these factors … those empires today?
Warming and ecological destruction causes extinction – we are already experiencing some loss of biodiversity and warming impacts just a question of how far we go – that’s Shearman 7’ – Emissions will cause destruction of all life on earth – overheating and oxygen – that’s Randers – prefer our evidence every science academy in the world concludes warming is real caused by humans and means extinction – that’s Shearman – Defense is wrong Johan Rockström et al 9 is a Environmental Professor in natural resource management at Stockholm University, and the Executive Director of the Stockholm Environment Institute and the Stockholm Resilience Centre, along with 27 other members of the SEI and SRC, A safe operating space for humanity, Nature 461, 472-475 (24 September 2009), www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7263/full/461472a.html Crossing certain biophysical … these three processes. Only our impacts are irreversible Chen 2k Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar, University of Minnesota Law School (Jim, Globalization and Its Losers, Winter 2000, 9 Minn. J. Global Trade 157, Lexis) Globalization marks the … the human understanding." 12 Outweighs econ decline Chen 2k Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar, University of Minnesota Law School (Jim, Globalization and Its Losers, Winter 2000, 9 Minn. J. Global Trade 157, Lexis) Conscious decisions to … perhaps a hundred million. 348 Turns war Speth 8 – James Gustave Speth, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, founder of the World Resources Institute, Professor at Vermont Law School, Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President, Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council, 2008, The Bridge at the Edge of the World, p. 41 In 2007, the … from climate change.76 Outweighs on magnitude Seitz 6---former associate of the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University’s Center for International Affairs (Russell, “The' Nuclear Winter ' Meltdown Photoshopping the Apocalypse”, http://adamant.typepad.com/seitz/2006/12/preherein_honor.html)
All that remains … for so long?
Nuclear war never escalates Quinlan 9—distinguished frmr British defence strategist and former Permanent Under-Secretary of State. (Michael, Thinking About Nuclear Weapons, 63-9) Even if initial … to science fiction.
Earth’s on the verge of crossing vital ecological tipping points---years of inter-disciplinary study create an overwhelming scientific consensus Mark Swilling 12, Professor, Sustainability Institute and School of Public Leadership, Stellenbosch University, programme coordinator of the Sustainable Development Programme in the School of Public Leadership, Stellenbosch University, project leader of the Centre for the Transdisciplinary Study of Sustainability and Complexity, and Academic Director of the Sustainability Institute, 2012, “So what is so unsustainable about the global economy?,” Continuing Medical Education, Vol. 30, No. 3, p. 68-71 Seven globally significant, … would be unviable.
Tech fixes without decreasing consumption risk extinction – don’t address the root cause of climate change Godhaven 9 (Merrick, environmental writer and activist, “Swapping technologies fails to address the root causes of climate change,” July 15, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2009/jul/15/technofix-climate-change) Technology is part … important than survival.
Root cause of environmental issues is neoliberal drive for profit-try or die for reorganizing social relations Abramsky, former Institute of Advanced Studies in Science, Technology and Society fellow, 2010 (Kolya, Sparking a Worldwide Energy Revolution: Social Struggles in the Transition to a Post-Petrol World, pg 7-9)
The stark reality … grassroots social mobilization.
Establishing and expanding a patent regime in Mexico only consolidates corporate monopoly while decreasing innovation—the aff crowds out Mexican biotech development. Ribiero 2003 (Silvia Ribeiro is a researcher and program manager with ETC Group (formerly RAFI), based in Mexico. Originally from Uruguay, she has a background as a publisher, journalist and environmental campaigner in Uruguay, Brazil, Sweden and Mexico. Voices from the South: The Third World Debunks Corporate Myths on Genetically Engineered Crops”)
Intellectual property myths …and technology transfer. Economic engagement to Mexico is a guise for American Imperialism de Regil ‘4 (Álvaro J, The Jus Semper Global Alliance, "The Neo-Capitalist Assault in Mexico: Democracy vis-à-vis the logic of the market," http://www.jussemper.org/Resources/Economic20Data/Resources/Neo-capAssaultMexico.pdf) If Echeverria indebted … index increases from 47 to 53. 1 0 Neolib necessitates systems that are catastrophic for the environment. Mander, International Forum on Globalizaton, and Retallack, The Ecologist 2002 (Jerry and Simon “Intrinsic Environmental Consequences of Trade-Related Transport,”. Alternatives to Economic Globalization: A Better World is Possible, The International Forum on Globalization, pg 26-7, ldg) The central feature … to the model. Tech fixes without decreasing consumption risk extinction – don’t address the root cause of climate change Godhaven 9 (Merrick, environmental writer and activist, “Swapping technologies fails to address the root causes of climate change,” July 15, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2009/jul/15/technofix-climate-change) Technology is part … important than survival.
Ptx Sanctions trigger an oil shock and global economic collapse --- overwhelms resiliency Recknagel 10-16 (Charles,- writes for Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, quoting Edward Bell, who watches Iran for the Economics Intelligence Unit (EIU) “The Global Risks of Iran's Sinking Economy”) But if Iran … experiencing in Europe."
No vote on Iran sanctions coming—Reid siding with Obama—won’t pass now Burgess Everett, Politco, 2/26/14, Harry Reid blocks GOP on Iran sanctions, dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=B418757A-8852-4A07-A17E-3B8E728F0379
Senate Majority Leader … a partisan issue.
PC Key Peter Nicholas, WSJ, 1/21/14, The Missing Pieces in Obama’s Bully Pulpit, blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2014/01/21/the-missing-pieces-in-obamas-bully-pulpit/
Mr. Obama has … his 2008 campaign.
Winners win isn’t true for Obama—default speciicty to obama Galston, Brookings, Governance Studies, Senior Fellow 10 (William, 11-4-10, “President Barack Obama’s Two Years: Policy Accomplishments, Political Difficulties”, Brookings , http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2010/11/04-obama-galston, accessed 7-9-12 FFF)
Second, the administration … did administration strategists.
Plan is unpopular – bureaucracy causes backlash Dallas Morning News 8 “EDITORIAL: NADBank deserves U.S. funding” ProQuest Not everyone agrees about the merits of the North American Free Trade Agreement, but it's hard to argue that the North American Development Bank, created … in the future.
Deal collapse ensures Israel will strike Robert Satloff, Washington Institute Executive Director, 11/25/14, Iran's Nuclear Program Is Still Growing, and America's Fist Is Shrinking , www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/irans-nuclear-program-is-still-growing-and-americas-fist-is-shrinking
The key question … yet to come.
3/22/14
Woodward Round 5
Tournament: Woodward | Round: 5 | Opponent: Johns Creek LR | Judge: Daryl Burch 1NC T QPQ “Economic engagement” is limited to expanding economic ties Çelik 11 – Arda Can Çelik, Master’s Degree in Politics and International Studies from Uppsala University, Economic Sanctions and Engagement Policies, p. 11
Introduction Economic engagement policies … the same direction. a. limits --- including political, military, or cultural engagement explodes the topic Haass 00 – Richard Haass and Meghan O’Sullivan, Senior Fellows in the Brookings Institution Foreign Policy Studies Program, Honey and Vinegar: Incentives, Sanctions, and Foreign Policy, p. 5-6
Economic engagement with Mexico is politically divisive despite supporters Wilson 13 – Associate at the Mexico Institute of the Woodrow Wilson International. Center for Scholars (Christopher E., January, “A U.S.-Mexico Economic Alliance: Policy Options for a Competitive Region,” http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/new_ideas_us_mexico_relations.pdf) At a time … ought to be.
The GOP will exploit this to flip Democratic votes on Iran—causes sanctions Josh Rogin, Daily Beast, 2/5/14, GOP Will Force Reid to Save Obama’s Iran Policy—Over and Over Again, www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/02/05/gop-will-force-reid-to-save-obama-s-iran-policy-over-and-over-again.html
Dozens of Republican … veto-proof two-thirds supermajority. New sanctions cause negotiation collapse and Middle East War Rachel Kleinfeld, Carnegie Endowment For International Peace, 1/31/14, Sanctions Could Disrupt Negotiations With Iran, carnegieendowment.org/2014/02/03/sanctions-could-disrupt-negotiations-with-iran/h02v
Facing skyrocketing inflation … attacks on Israel.
Nuclear war James A. Russell, Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, ‘9 (Spring) “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” IFRI, Proliferation Papers, #26, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf
Strategic stability in … the entire world.
CP CP Text: The United States federal government should enter into prior binding consultation with the relevant indigenous peoples of Mexico over short-sea shipping strategy with Mexico for the purpose of trade. The United States will advocate the plan throughout the process of consultation and implement the result.
Prior consultation with Latin American indigenous peoples over engagement is critical to avert cultural and physical annihilation Kinnison, 11 – (Akilah Jenga Kinnison, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona College of Law. 2011. “INDIGENOUS CONSENT: RETHINKING U.S. CONSULTATION POLICIES IN LIGHT OF THE U.N. DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES,” http://www.arizonalawreview.org/pdf/53-4/53arizlrev1301.pdf)//SDL ¶ Due to the … large-scale extractive industries. Cultural Genocide Smith, 6 – (Andrea, Assistant Professor of Media and Cultural Studies at UC Riverside, Appropriation of Native American Religious Traditions, Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America, Vol. 1, pg. 104-105) Native spiritualities are . .. their spiritual practices. Perception Adv. No impact to US Russia war and no escalation Graham 7 (Thomas Graham, senior advisor on Russia in the US National Security Council staff 2002-2007, 2007, "Russia in Global Affairs” The Dialectics of Strength and Weakness http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/numbers/20/1129.html) An astute historian … relations with Russia.
Auto-Industry Collapse inevitable – current rate can’t maintain gdp and is causing severe climate change – freeing ourselves from the myth of economic growth allows a mindset shift that creates value to life Gardner, 13 – (Dave Gardner, director of the documentary, Growthbusters: Hooked on Growth, and founding contributor to www.growthbiasbusted.org. August 20, 2013. “Planetary Overload: Faked Out by the Holy Grail of Economic Growth,” http://nationbuilders.thenation.com/profiles/blogs/planetary-overload-faked-out-by-the-holy-grail-of-economic-growth)//SDL Today (August 20) is … Global Footprint Network.
Econ collapse inevitable – transition away is stable – prevents extinction – disease, terror, and prolif Immanuel Wallerstein is a senior research scholar at Yale University, JAN / FEB 2011, “THE GLOBAL ECONOMY WON'T RECOVER, NOW OR EVER” , http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/02/unconventional_wisdom?page=0,9, KENTUCKY Virtually everyone everywhere … created, is elsewhere.
Best scientific models show economic decline is key to solving anthropogenic run-away warming that will cause total extinction Li 10 – (Dr. Ming Li, Assistant Professor Department of Economics, University of Utah. 2010. “The 21st Century Crisis: Climate Catastrophe or Socialism”, Paper prepared for the David Gordon Memorial Lecture at URPE Summer Conference)SDL The global average. … and society-wide planning (Section 6).
Even massive economic decline has zero chance of war Jervis 11 – (Robert Jervis, Professor in the Department of Political Science and School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University. December 2011. “Force in Our Times,” Survival, Vol. 25, No. 4, p. 403-425) Even if … make war thinkable.
Growth makes war inevitable Trainer 2—Senior Lecturer of School of Social Work @ University of New South Wales (Ted, If You Want Affluence, Prepare for War, Democracy and Nature, Vol. 8, No. 2, EBSCO,) If this limits-to-growth … ‘The Simpler Way’.
Extinction Chase-Dunn 96—Distinguished Professor of Sociology and Director of the Institute for Research on World-Systems at the University of (Christopher, Conflict Among Core States: World-System Cycles and Trends, 23 January 1996, http://wsarch.ucr.edu/archive/papers/c-dandhall/warprop.htm,) Note-figure omitted Late in the … theory of war."
Growth makes eco-collapse inevitable Speth, law prof, 8—Served as President Jimmy Carter’s White House environmental adviser and as head of the United Nations’ largest agency for international development Prof at Vermont law school. Former dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University . Former Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, teaching environmental and constitutional law. .Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President. Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council. Was law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo L. Black JD, Yale. (James Gustave, The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability, Gigapedia, 6-9,) But the much … transformative changes needed.
Extinction Chen 2k—Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar, University of Minnesota Law School (Jim, Globalization and Its Losers, Winter 2000, 9 Minn. J. Global Trade 157, Lexis,) Ellipses in original Conscious decisions to … a hundred million. 348
Shipbuilding Adv. No escalation – regionalism and institutions Acharya 13, Amitav, UNESCO Chair in Transnational Challenges and Governance and Chair of the ASEAN Studies Center, Professor of Global Governance at the University of Bristol, Professor at York University, Fellow of the Harvard University Asia Center, 2/1/13, (“Preventive Diplomacy: Issues and Institutions in the Asia Pacific Region”, http://www.amitavacharya.com/sites/default/files/Preventive20Diplomacy.pdf, AW) The regionalisation of … the conventional sense. Heg declines inevitable Christopher Layne is Professor and Robert M. Gates Chair in National Security at Texas AandM’s George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service, May 01, 2010, “Graceful Decline”, http://www.amconmag.com/article/2010/may/01/00030/ , KENTUCKY
Even in the … with hegemony fatigue. AND – Heg doesn’t solve conflict Friedman and Preble 10 – Benjamin, research fellow in defense and homeland security at the Cato Institute, Christopher, Director of Foreign Policy Studies at the Cato Institute (September 21, “Drop Pretension to Supremacy,” http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=12156andutm_source=feedburnerandutm_medium=feedandutm_campaign=Feed3A+CatoRecentOpeds+(Cato+Recent+Op-eds) Hawks and defense … Air Force and Navy. No regional rebalancing or security dilemmas—the only empirical data goes our way. Fettweis 11—Professor of Poli Sci @ Tulane University Christopher J. Fettweis, “The Superpower as Superhero: Hubris in U.S. Foreign Policy,” Paper prepared for presentation at the 2011 meeting of the American Political Science Association, September 1-4, Seattle, WA, September 2011, pg. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1902154
The final and … off as well. Heg causes terror – extinction Mohamed Sid-Ahmed, Al-Ahram Weekly political analyst, 2004 Al-Ahram Weekly, "Extinction!" 8/26, no. 705, http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/705/op5.htm KENTUCKY
The advent of … all be losers. Heg cause prolif – Extinction Utgoff, Deputy Director at Institute for Defense Analysis, 2 Victor, Deputy Director of the Strategy, Forces, and Resources Division of the Institute for Defense Analysis, Survival, “Proliferation, Missile Defence and American Ambitions” 2002 p. 87-90 BLUE Further, the … even whole nations.
AND – decline solves China war MacDonald and Parent 11 Paul K. MacDonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Williams College. Joseph M. Parent is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami. “Graceful Decline: The Surprising Success of Great Power Retrenchment”, International Security, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Spring 2011), pp. 7–44,
Our findings are … risk unnecessary clashes. 101
Goes nuclear Lawrence S. Wittner, Professor of History at the State University of New York, November 28, 2011, “COMMENTARY: Is a Nuclear War with China Possible?”, http://www.huntingtonnews.net/14446, KENTUCKY
While nuclear weapons … the next decade.
Block DEDEV Growth turns every impact – try-or-die for transition Immanuel Wallerstein is a senior research scholar at Yale University, JAN / FEB 2011, “THE GLOBAL ECONOMY WON'T RECOVER, NOW OR EVER” , http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/02/unconventional_wisdom?page=0,9, KENTUCKY Virtually everyone everywhere- … created, is elsewhere.
Robust studies prove Miller 2k – Professor of Management, Ottawa (Morris, Poverty As A Cause Of Wars?, http://www.pugwash.org/reports/pac/pac256/WG4draft1.htm) Thus, these armed … to abort another. Their authors lie about the data Blattman 11 (Chris, Assistant Professor of Political Science and Economics at Yale. http://chrisblattman.com/2011/11/28/the-publication-bias-problem-and-the-redemption-of-blattman/) At long last, … are probably false. Diversionary theory is crap – 180 empirics Gelpi 97 (Christopher, Center for International Affairs @ Harvard, "Democratic Diversions," Sage) Students of international … peace are discussed.
Royal concludes neg – reject new 1AR ev – they chose to purposefully cut a card out of context and now they pay the price Royal ‘10 (Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010, “Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises,” in Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer) CONCLUSION The logic … body of literature.
prefer our evidence – overwhelming evidence means we must break down now Vail 5 – Jeff Vail, attorney at Davis Graham and Stubbs LLP in Denver, Colorado specializing in litigation and energy issues, former intelligence officer with the US Air Force and energy infrastructure counterterrorism specialist with the US Department of the Interior, April 28, 2005, “The Logic of Collapse,” online: http://www.jeffvail.net/2005/04/logic-of-collapse.html But despite the … will be different”? AND – Even if they win they solve some problems – the overwhelming math and models prove breakdown is inevitable Hengeveld 12 – (2012, Rob, PhD, Professor of Earth and Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, “Our apocalyptic odds,” http://www.salon.com/2012/04/14/our_apocalyptic_odds/) Because they are … collapse will occur.
Growth’s unsustainable---raising world consumption levels to current Western standards guarantees ecological collapse Ulrich Witt 11, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Jena, Germany, 2011, “Sustainability and the Problem of Consumption,” https://papers.econ.mpg.de/evo/discussionpapers/2011-16.pdf A good part … that are sustainable.
Post-transition society will be prosperous and ecologically sustainable Heinberg 10 – Richard Heinberg, Senior Fellow at The Post-Carbon Institute, Professor at the New College of California, March 4, 2010, “What if the economy doesn't recover?,” online: http://www.countercurrents.org/heinberg040310.htm 2. The basic … in their absence.
Warming and ecological destruction causes extinction – we are already experiencing some loss of biodiversity and warming impacts just a question of how far we go – that’s Shearman 7’ – Emissions will cause destruction of all life on earth – overheating and oxygen – that’s Randers – prefer our evidence every science academy in the world concludes warming is real caused by humans and means extinction – that’s Shearman – Defense is wrong Johan Rockström et al 9 is a Environmental Professor in natural resource management at Stockholm University, and the Executive Director of the Stockholm Environment Institute and the Stockholm Resilience Centre, along with 27 other members of the SEI and SRC, A safe operating space for humanity, Nature 461, 472-475 (24 September 2009), www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7263/full/461472a.html Crossing certain biophysical … these three processes. Only our impacts are irreversible Chen 2k Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar, University of Minnesota Law School (Jim, Globalization and Its Losers, Winter 2000, 9 Minn. J. Global Trade 157, Lexis) Globalization marks the … the human understanding." 12 Outweighs econ decline Chen 2k Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar, University of Minnesota Law School (Jim, Globalization and Its Losers, Winter 2000, 9 Minn. J. Global Trade 157, Lexis) Conscious decisions to … a hundred million. 348 Turns war Speth 8 – James Gustave Speth, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, founder of the World Resources Institute, Professor at Vermont Law School, Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President, Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council, 2008, The Bridge at the Edge of the World, p. 41 In 2007, the … from climate change.76 Outweighs on magnitude Seitz 6---former associate of the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University’s Center for International Affairs (Russell, “The' Nuclear Winter ' Meltdown Photoshopping the Apocalypse”, http://adamant.typepad.com/seitz/2006/12/preherein_honor.html)
All that remains … for so long?
Tech fixes without decreasing consumption risk extinction – don’t address the root cause of climate change Godhaven 9 (Merrick, environmental writer and activist, “Swapping technologies fails to address the root causes of climate change,” July 15, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2009/jul/15/technofix-climate-change) Technology is part … important than survival.
The current economic decline is different---multiple structural differences mean decline will cause capitalism to completely collapse---causes a smooth transition---key to solving extinction Dr. Minqi Li 10, Assistant Professor Department of Economics, University of Utah, “The 21st Century Crisis: Climate Catastrophe or Socialism” Paper prepared for the David Gordon Memorial Lecture at URPE Summer Conference 2010 The Structural Crisis … ended by capitalism.
Economic collapse forces a cultural change away from growth, which solves---prefer our ev that cites polling Speth 8 – James Gustave Speth, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, founder of the World Resources Institute, Professor at Vermont Law School, Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President, Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council, 2008, The Bridge at the Edge of the World, p. 211-213 Unfortunately, the surest … to real change.
Free trade prevents global democratic consolidation Nader, ’93 Ralph, The Case Against Free Trade, p. 11-12
One of the … bottom-up democratic impulses.
Heg Bad If we win the sustainability debate then we win the direction of the impact – every moment we cling to hegemony we heighten the chance of war with China – It outweighs Heinrichs 9/17/11 (Raoul Sir Arthur Tange Scholar at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, ANU, and Deputy Editor of Pnyx. The Diplomat, “America’s Dangerous Battle Plan” http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/17/americaE28099s-dangerous-battle-plan/)
These are questions … own fledgling effort.
Ensures global nuclear war Sokolski ‘9 (Henry Sokolski, executive director of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, serves on the U.S. Congressional Commission on the Prevention of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation and Terrorism, June-July 2009, “Avoiding a Nuclear Crowd,” Hoover Policy Review, online: http://www.hoover.org/publications/policyreview/46390537.html) So far, the U.S. … would ever want.
And, that independently short circuits their offense Monteiro 12 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale (Nuno, “Unrest Assured: Why Unipolarity Is Not Peaceful”, International Security, Vol. 36, No. 3 (Winter 2011/12), pp. 9–40, dml)