C'mon. You've entered info for 25 rounds, and only entered cites for 5? That's only 20.0%. Open Source is NOT a replacement for good disclosure practices.
Tournament
Round
Report
Alta
1
Opponent: Timberline | Judge:
1NC Neolib K Pink Tide Tourism DA Case 2NC Neolib 1NR Tourism 2NR Neolib
Contact
1
Opponent: Contact | Judge:
For full text email me @ williamnememicula@gmail(dot)com or connor(dot)chapkis@gmail(dot)com
Emory
1
Opponent: Jesuit College Prep | Judge:
1AC Embargo 1NC Colonialism T-qpq OAS CP Health Care DA 2NC Colonialism OAS CP 1NR Health Care DA 2NR Colonialism
Emory
4
Opponent: Niles West | Judge:
1NC T Adv CP(Humanitarian aid sign kyoto) Neolib TPA ptx gradualism 2AC Read an ag add-on 2NC Adv CP Turned Ag Case 1NR Ptx 2NR Ag Ptx Case
Glenbrooks
1
Opponent: Wayzata | Judge:
1nc china SOI democracy QPQ T colonialism politics (Iran Sanctions) case 2nc China SOI case 1nr Politics 2nr Politics Case
Glenbrooks
4
Opponent: Cypress Bay | Judge:
1nc Kappeler Chemicals PIC Heg bad 2nc Kappeler 1nr Heg bad 2nr Kappeler
Status quo politics put Brazil’s … military prestige and regional dominance Sotomayor 12, assistant professor @ Naval Postgraduate School with research in Civil-military relations; Latin America; peacekeeping operations; comparative foreign policy; international organizations; nuclear policy in Latin America. (Dr. Arturo, “U.S.-Latin American Nuclear Relations: From Commitment to Defiance”, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, September 2012) A third school of thought … under a civilian and democratic leadership.
Militarism and anti-American sentiment causes Brazilian nuclear re-arm Schulz 2k Donald E., Ph.D., Chair of Political Science at Cleveland State U., fmr. Research Professor of National Security at the Strategic Studies Institute of the US Army College, March 200, “The United States and Latin America: Shaping an Elusive Future”, Strategic Studies Institute Until recently, the primary U.S. concern … many high-ranking Brazilian officers. 5
three impacts—
a. Prolif would escalate rapidly increasing the likelihood of nuclear war, collapse of deterrence, and bioweapons Utgoff, 2, Deputy Director of Strategy, Forces, and Resources Division of Institute for Defense Analysis (Victor A., “Proliferation, Missile Defence and American Ambitions,” Survival, Summer, p. 87-90) Further, the large number of … cities or even whole nations.
b. A bioweapons attack threatens human survival Bishop 9 (P. A., P. C., July 10, Graduate Program in Studies of the Future, School of Human Sciences and Humanities, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX, USA, Graduate Program in Futures Studies, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. A review of previous mass extinctions and historic catastrophic events, ScienceDirect) The flu of 1890, 1918–1919 Spanish flu, 1957 … -resistant strain of the plague 26.
c. Arms race in Latin America—prolif incites Venezuela and Argentina to join—leads to war Ghoshal, 8/20/13 Associate Fellow at the Centre for Air Power Studies, Western Air Command, New Delhi, India.( Debalina “South America Goes Nuclear: Now Brazil” Gatestone institute, August 20th 2013, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/3941/nuclear-brazil Brazil's submarine capabilities could, of … leads to all-out war.
the plan solves— a. Cooperation in Latin America—resolves Brazilian mistrust and fosters cooperation—stops the defense measures Brown, 13– Thesis for Master of Strategic Studies (Lawrence T., “Restoring the Unwritten Alliance in Brazil-United States Relations”, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA560773andquot;andgt;andlt;span)//NG Appointing an ambassador to UNASUR, … regionally and throughout the world.
the embargo is key—it’s the cornerstone of US policy toward Latin America and Brazil wants it lifted—it’s the only barrier Briger, 9– COHA Research Associate (Lilly, “Obama and the Gatekeeper: President Lula Comes to Washington”, http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO0903/S00315.htm) On Saturday, President Barack Obama … of U.S. policy toward the region.
The United States federal government should remove its economic blockade toward Cuba.
Advantage two is multilateralism
Change in Cuba policy sends a … US foreign policy toward multilat Colvin, 8 (Jake, fellow with the New Ideas Fund, a group that seeks new approaches and paradigms for U.S. national security and foreign policy. He is also Vice President for Global Trade Issues at the National Foreign Trade Council (NFTC) and oversees the Cuba initiative of USA*Engage, “The Case for a New Cuba Policy”, 12/23/2008, http://web.archive.org/web/20120904201743/http://www.newideasfund.org/proposals/Colvin20-20Cuba20-20Master.pdf) A signal to the world … can do that with Cuba.
The plan creates a credible … model for multilateral conflict resolution Dickerson 10 – Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted in fulfillment of a Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the US Army War College (Sergio M, “UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA,” 1/14/10, http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518053.pdf)//SJF At the international political level, … peace for years to come.
Specifically the unconditional removal of … won’t create the same symbol Vivanco 6 - LLM from Harvard Law School, Americas director of Humans Rights Watch (Jose Miguel, “Restraint, not force, will bring change to Cuba”, humans rights watch, 12/22/06, http://www.hrw.org/news/2006/12/21/restraint-not-force-will-bring-change-cuba, google scholar) This reluctance would be understandable … Cuba stop looking like David.
two scenarios—
a. hegemony US leadership is … a highly visible commitment to multilateralism Lake 10 – Professor of Social Sciences, distinguished professor of political science at UC San Diego (David A., “Making America Safe for the World: Multilateralism and the Rehabilitation of US authority”, http://dss.ucsd.edu/~dlake/documents/LakeMakingAmericaSafe.pdf) The safeguarding of US authority … way to a new world order.
Unilateralism is unsustainable—multilateralism increases … burden sharing that sustains primacy Jones, 11 – Professor of European Studies at the SAIS Bologna Center and Director of the Bologna Institute for Policy Research (Erik, “Power, Leadership and US Foreign Policy,” The International Spectator, Vol. 46, No. 3, September 2011, 13–23 http://www.jhubc.it/facultypages/ejones/International_Spectator_2011.pdf Throwing money at the Arab … but to go it alone.
2,000 years of history prove … is inevitable only hegemony solves Wolforth et. al 11 (William is the Daniel Webster Professor at Dartmouth College, where he teaches in the Department of Government. Edited by Michael Mastanduno, Professor of Government and Dean of Faculty at Dartmouth College, and G. John Ikenberry, Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University, “Unipolarity, status competition, and great power war” International Relations Theory and the Consequences of Unipolarity pg. 48-49) General patterns of evidence Despite increasingly compelling findings concerning … – appears consistent with the hypothesis.
Heg decline causes great power war and increased balancing Zhang and Shi, 11 – *Yuhan Zhang is a researcher at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, D.C.; Lin Shi is from Columbia University. She also serves as an independent consultant for the Eurasia Group and a consultant for the World Bank in Washington, D.C. (America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/) This does not necessarily mean … devoid of unrivalled US primacy.
our hegemony advantage is falsifiable and academically supported by multiple independent fields of study Wohlforth 09 (professor of government at Dartmouth College) “ Unipolarity, Status Competition, and Great Power War”Project Muse Mainstream theories generally posit that … in security and/or prosperity.
b. relations US Cuba policy … the entirety of Latin America Perez, 10 ¬– JD, Yale Law (David, “America's Cuba Policy: The Way Forward: A Policy Recommendation for the U.S. State Department” 13 Harv. Latino L. Rev. 187, Spring, lexis) Anti-Americanism has become the … a long way toward creating goodwill.
solves a laundry list of impacts Grandin 10 – teaches history at New York University and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Greg, “Empire's Senescence: U.S. Policy in Latin America,” New Labor Forum, 19:1, Winter 2010, pg. 14-23)SJF Washington’s relations with Latin America—… mutual interest and mutual respect.”
Cooperation prevents a laundry list of … this ideology makes instititutions successful Kupchan, 2012 (Charles, professor of International Affairs at Georgetown University and senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, “No One's World: The West, the Rising Rest, and the Coming Global Turn”, Kindle edition (no page numbers) Although Western hegemony is in … foundation for the next world.
Multilateralism leads to global coop and power sharing—inevitably corrects all of its problems Pouliot 11—Professor of Political Science … the impetus for multilateral dialog. Pg. 21-23
12/7/13
1AC Emory
Tournament: Emory | Round: 1 | Opponent: Jesuit College Prep | Judge: 1AC The United States federal government should lift its economic blockade toward Cuba.
The advantage is multilateralism
the plan solves—
First, repeal of the embargo … multilateralism for the international community Burgsdorff, 9 – Ph.D in Political Science from Freiburg University, EU Fellow at the University of Miami (Sven Kühn von, “Problems and Opportunities for the Incoming Obama Administration”, http://aei.pitt.edu.proxy.lib.umich.edu/11047/1/vonBurgsdorfUSvsCubalong09edi.pdf) NG In addition, the US needs … as steps towards effective multilateralism.
Second—the plan creates a credible … —key internal link to engagement Dickerson 10 – Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted in fulfillment of a Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the US Army War College (Sergio M, “UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA,” 1/14/10, http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518053.pdf)//SJF At the international political level, … peace for years to come.
Specifically the unconditional removal of … won’t create the same symbol Vivanco 6 - LLM from Harvard Law School, Americas director of Humans Rights Watch (Jose Miguel, “Restraint, not force, will bring change to Cuba”, humans rights watch, 12/22/06, http://www.hrw.org/news/2006/12/21/restraint-not-force-will-bring-change-cuba, google scholar) This reluctance would be understandable … Cuba stop looking like David.
three scenarios— first—relations US-Cuba policy is … the entirety of Latin America Perez, 10 ¬– JD, Yale Law (David, “America's Cuba Policy: The Way Forward: A Policy Recommendation for the U.S. State Department” 13 Harv. Latino L. Rev. 187, Spring, lexis) Anti-Americanism has become the … a long way toward creating goodwill.
Only lifting the embargo sends a clear signal to improve Latin American relations White, 13 -Senior fellow at the Center for International Policy and former U.S. ambassador to Paraguay and El Salvador (Robert, “After Chávez, a Chance to Rethink Relations With Cuba”, New York Times, 3/7/13, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/08/opinion/after-chavez-hope-for-good-neighbors-in-latin-america.html?pagewanted=all)//TL FOR most of our history, … —solves a laundry list of impacts Grandin 10 – teaches history at New York University and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Greg, “Empire's Senescence: U.S. Policy in Latin America,” New Labor Forum, 19:1, Winter 2010, pg. 14-23)SJF Washington’s relations with Latin America—… mutual interest and mutual respect.”
second—brazilian nuclearization Status quo … military prestige and regional dominance Sotomayor 12, assistant professor @ Naval Postgraduate School with research in Civil-military relations; Latin America; peacekeeping operations; comparative foreign policy; international organizations; nuclear policy in Latin America. (Dr. Arturo, “U.S.-Latin American Nuclear Relations: From Commitment to Defiance”, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, September 2012) A third school of thought … under a civilian and democratic leadership.
Militarism and anti-American sentiment causes Brazilian nuclear re-arm Schulz 2k Donald E., Ph.D., Chair of Political Science at Cleveland State U., fmr. Research Professor of National Security at the Strategic Studies Institute of the US Army College, March 200, “The United States and Latin America: Shaping an Elusive Future”, Strategic Studies Institute Until recently, the primary U.S. concern … many high-ranking Brazilian officers. 5
That causes an arms race in Latin America—prolif incites Venezuela and Argentina to join—leads to war Ghoshal, 8/20/13 Associate Fellow at the Centre for Air Power Studies, Western Air Command, New Delhi, India.( Debalina “South America Goes Nuclear: Now Brazil” Gatestone institute, August 20th 2013, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/3941/nuclear-brazil Brazil's submarine capabilities could, of … leads to all-out war.
the plan solves— a. Cooperation in Latin America—resolves Brazilian mistrust and fosters cooperation—stops the defense measures Brown, 13– Thesis for Master of Strategic Studies (Lawrence T., “Restoring the Unwritten Alliance in Brazil-United States Relations”, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA560773andquot;andgt;andlt;span)//NG Appointing an ambassador to UNASUR, … regionally and throughout the world.
the embargo is key—it’s the cornerstone of US policy toward Latin America and Brazil wants it lifted—it’s the only barrier Briger, 9– COHA Research Associate (Lilly, “Obama and the Gatekeeper: President Lula Comes to Washington”, http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO0903/S00315.htm) On Saturday, President Barack Obama … of U.S. policy toward the region.
third—hegemony US leadership is unsustainable without a … highly visible commitment to multilateralism Lake 10 – Professor of Social Sciences, distinguished professor of political science at UC San Diego (David A., “Making America Safe for the World: Multilateralism and the Rehabilitation of US authority”, http://dss.ucsd.edu/~dlake/documents/LakeMakingAmericaSafe.pdf) The safeguarding of US authority … way to a new world order.
Unilateralism is unsustainable—multilateralism increases … burden sharing that sustains primacy Jones, 11 – Professor of European Studies at the SAIS Bologna Center and Director of the Bologna Institute for Policy Research (Erik, “Power, Leadership and US Foreign Policy,” The International Spectator, Vol. 46, No. 3, September 2011, 13–23 http://www.jhubc.it/facultypages/ejones/International_Spectator_2011.pdf Throwing money at the Arab … but to go it alone.
Hegemony is a stabilizing force—democracies, … conflict making it virtually impossible Thayer 13 (Bradley, professor in the political science department at Baylor University, “Humans, Not Angels: Reasons to Doubt the Decline of War Thesis”, International Studies Review Volume 15, Issue 3, pages 396–419, September 2013) Accordingly, while Pinker is sensitive … benefit of the United States.
empirics prove—states will always … —2000 years of study supports this Wolforth et. al 11 (William is the Daniel Webster Professor at Dartmouth College, where he teaches in the Department of Government. Edited by Michael Mastanduno, Professor of Government and Dean of Faculty at Dartmouth College, and G. John Ikenberry, Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University, “Unipolarity, status competition, and great power war” International Relations Theory and the Consequences of Unipolarity pg. 48-49) General patterns of evidence Despite increasingly compelling findings concerning … – appears consistent with the hypothesis.
our hegemony advantage is falsifiable and academically supported by multiple independent fields of study Wohlforth 09 (professor of government at Dartmouth College) “ Unipolarity, Status Competition, and Great Power War”Project Muse Mainstream theories generally posit that … in security and/or prosperity.
Multilateralism leads to global coop and power sharing—inevitably corrects all of its problems and solves all war Pouliot 11—Professor of Political Science … the impetus for multilateral dialog. Pg. 21-23
1/25/14
1AC Glenbrooks
Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wayzata | Judge: 1ac—plan The United States federal government should remove its economic blockade toward Cuba.
1ac—multilateralism The advantage is multilateralism
two internal links
Change in Cuba policy sends a vast international signal of the shift in US foreign policy toward multilat Colvin, 8 (Jake, fellow with the New Ideas Fund, a group that seeks new approaches and paradigms for U.S. national security and foreign policy. He is also Vice President for Global Trade Issues at the National Foreign Trade Council (NFTC) and oversees the Cuba initiative of USA*Engage, “The Case for a New Cuba Policy”, 12/23/2008, http://web.archive.org/web/20120904201743/http://www.newideasfund.org/proposals/Colvin20-20Cuba20-20Master.pdf) A signal to the world Beyond the domestic political benefit of … I think you can do that with Cuba.
The plan creates a credible model for multilateral conflict resolution Dickerson 10 – Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted in fulfillment of a Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the US Army War College (Sergio M, “UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA,” 1/14/10, http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518053.pdf)//SJF At the international political level, President Obama sees …greater global order bringing true peace for years to come.
2. Hemispheric diplomacy in Latin America- it’s critical to solve global multilateralism Grandin 10 – teaches history at New York University and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Greg, “Empire's Senescence: U.S. Policy in Latin America,” New Labor Forum, 19:1, Winter 2010, pg. 14-23)SJF Washington’s relations with Latin America… based on mutual interest and mutual respect.”
Specifically the unconditional removal of the embargo—anything else won’t create the same symbol Vivanco 6 - LLM from Harvard Law School, Americas director of Humans Rights Watch (Jose Miguel, “Restraint, not force, will bring change to Cuba”, humans rights watch, 12/22/06, http://www.hrw.org/news/2006/12/21/restraint-not-force-will-bring-change-cuba, google scholar) This reluctance would be understandable but misguided. Most … US stops acting like Goliath will Cuba stop looking like David.
Scenario 1 is sustainable leadership
US leadership is unsustainable without a highly visible commitment to multilateralism Lake 10 – Professor of Social Sciences, distinguished professor of political science at UC San Diego (David A., “Making America Safe for the World: Multilateralism and the Rehabilitation of US authority”, http://dss.ucsd.edu/~dlake/documents/LakeMakingAmericaSafe.pdf) The safeguarding of US authority requires multilateralism … own self-interest, lead the way to a new world order.
Unilateralism is unsustainable—multilateralism increases burden sharing that sustains primacy Jones, 11 – Professor of European Studies at the SAIS Bologna Center and Director of the Bologna Institute for Policy Research (Erik, “Power, Leadership and US Foreign Policy,” The International Spectator, Vol. 46, No. 3, September 2011, 13–23 http://www.jhubc.it/facultypages/ejones/International_Spectator_2011.pdf Throwing money at the Arab world is not an option. … function of the efforts of those who follow. And a leader without followers has little choice but to go it alone.
2,000 years of history prove hegemony is true—because status-based competition is inevitable only hegemony solves Wolforth et. al 11 (William is the Daniel Webster Professor at Dartmouth College, where he teaches in the Department of Government. Edited by Michael Mastanduno, Professor of Government and Dean of Faculty at Dartmouth College, and G. John Ikenberry, Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University, “Unipolarity, status competition, and great power war” International Relations Theory and the Consequences of Unipolarity pg. 48-49) General patterns of evidence Despite increasingly compelling findings concerning the importance … Amarna system – appears consistent with the hypothesis.
Heg decline causes great power war and increased balancing Zhang and Shi, 1/22/11 – *Yuhan Zhang is a researcher at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, D.C.; Lin Shi is from Columbia University. She also serves as an independent consultant for the Eurasia Group and a consultant for the World Bank in Washington, D.C. (America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/)
This does not necessarily mean that the…a future that will inevitably be devoid of unrivalled US primacy.
multiple independent fields support our hegemony advantage, prefer our advantage because it is interdisciplinary Wohlforth 09 (professor of government at Dartmouth College) “ Unipolarity, Status Competition, and Great Power War”Project Muse Mainstream theories generally posit that states … directly contradict their material interest in security and/or prosperity.
Scenario two—hemispheric diplomacy
US Cuba policy is the vital internal link – greater economic engagement is the litmus test for engaging all of Latin America Perez, 10 ¬– JD, Yale Law (David, “America's Cuba Policy: The Way Forward: A Policy Recommendation for the U.S. State Department” 13 Harv. Latino L. Rev. 187, Spring, lexis) Anti-Americanism has become the political chant…would go a long way toward creating goodwill.
Only lifting the embargo sends a clear signal to improve Latin American relations White, 13 -Senior fellow at the Center for International Policy and former U.S. ambassador to Paraguay and El Salvador (Robert, “After Chávez, a Chance to Rethink Relations With Cuba”, New York Times, 3/7/13, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/08/opinion/after-chavez-hope-for-good-neighbors-in-latin-america.html?pagewanted=all)//TL FOR most of our history, the United States…would be reduced to a historical footnote.
Cooperation prevents a laundry list of impacts—aggressive democracy promotion disincentivizes coop now—only discarding this ideology makes instititutions successful Kupchan, 2012 (Charles, professor of International Affairs at Georgetown University and senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, “No One's World: The West, the Rising Rest, and the Coming Global Turn”, Kindle edition (no page numbers) Although Western hegemony is in its waning days … if they are to agree on an ideological foundation for the next world.
The United States federal government should remove its economic sanctions toward Cuba.
1AC – Multilat Greenhill
The advantage is Multilateralism
The Plan is key to effective multilateralism – Two Internal Links
Cuba – diplomatic commitment to Cuba sends a vast international signal of the US commitment to global engagement Colvin, 2008 (Jake, fellow with the New Ideas Fund, a group that seeks new approaches and paradigms for U.S. national security and foreign policy. He is also Vice President for Global Trade Issues at the National Foreign Trade Council (NFTC) and oversees the Cuba initiative of USA*Engage, “The Case for a New Cuba Policy”, 12/23/2008, http://web.archive.org/web/20120904201743/http://www.newideasfund.org/proposals/Colvin20-20Cuba20-20Master.pdf) A signal to the world … can do that with Cuba.?
Specifically the unconditional removal of … the same symbol of multilateralism Vivanco 6 - LLM from Harvard Law School, Americas director of Humans Rights Watch (Jose Miguel, “Restraint, not force, will bring change to Cuba”, humans rights watch, 12/22/06, http://www.hrw.org/news/2006/12/21/restraint-not-force-will-bring-change-cuba, google scholar)
This reluctance would be understandable … Cuba stop looking like David.
2. Regionalism – it’s key to solve global multilateralism Grandin 10 – teaches history at New York University and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Greg, “Empireand#39;s Senescence: U.S. Policy in Latin America,” New Labor Forum, 19:1, Winter 2010, pg. 14-23)SJF Washington’s relations with Latin America—… mutual interest and mutual respect.”
Scenario 1 is The Middle East
The plan creates a credible model … the Middle East and Kashmir Dickerson 10 – Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted in fulfillment of a Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the US Army War College (Sergio M, “UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA,” 1/14/10, http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518053.pdf)//SJF
At the international political level, … peace for years to come.
As the Obama administration tries … this time, is far worse.
Middle … East War escalates – causes extinction Stirling 11 (The Earl of Stirling, Governor and Lord Lieutenant of Canada, Lord High Admiral of Nova Scotia, B.Sc. in Political Science and History, M.A. in European Studies, “General Middle East War Nears - Syrian events more dangerous than even nuclear nightmare in Japan”, March, http://europebusines.blogspot.com/2011/03/general-middle-east-war-nears-syrian.html)
Any Third Lebanon War/General … anything but the Biblical Armageddon.
Scenario two is sustainable leadership
US leadership is unsustainable without a … highly visible commitment to multilateralism Lake 10 – Professor of Social Sciences, distinguished professor of political science at UC San Diego (David A., “Making America Safe for the World: Multilateralism and the Rehabilitation of US authority”, http://dss.ucsd.edu/~dlake/documents/LakeMakingAmericaSafe.pdf)
The safeguarding of US authority … way to a new world order.
Unilateralism is unsustainable – multilateralism … increases burdensharing that sustains primacy Jones, 11 – Professor of European Studies at the SAIS Bologna Center and Director of the Bologna Institute for Policy Research (Erik, “Power, Leadership and US Foreign Policy,” The International Spectator, Vol. 46, No. 3, September 2011, 13–23 http://www.jhubc.it/facultypages/ejones/International_Spectator_2011.pdf
Throwing money at the Arab … but to go it alone.
Multilateralism leads to global coop and power sharing—inevitably corrects all of its problems Pouliot 11—Professor of Political Science … the impetus for multilateral dialog. Pg. 21-23
US primacy solves war—prefer this evidence, it cites specific conflict scenarios that would break out absent leadership Brzezinski 12 Zbignbiew Brzezinski, national security advisor under U.S. President Jimmy Carter, January/February 2012, “8 Geopolitically Endangered Species”, Foreign Policy, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/01/03/8_geopolitically_endangered_species?page=full, DMintz
With the decline of Americaand#39;s … to China, India, and Russia.
Scenario three – regionalism US Cuba policy is the … engaging all of Latin America Perez, 10 ¬– JD, Yale Law (David, “Americaand#39;s Cuba Policy: The Way Forward: A Policy Recommendation for the U.S. State Department” 13 Harv. Latino L. Rev. 187, Spring, lexis) Anti-Americanism has become the … a long way toward creating goodwill.
FOR most of our history, … be reduced to a historical footnote.
Cooperation prevents a laundry list of impacts – aggressive democracy promotion disincentivizes coop now — only discarding this ideology makes instititutions successful Kupchan, 2012 (Charles, professor of International Affairs at Georgetown University and senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, “No Oneand#39;s World: The West, the Rising Rest, and the Coming Global Turn”, Kindle edition (no page numbers) Although Western hegemony is in … foundation for the next world.
Specifically, status quo politics put Brazil’s nuclear policy on the brink—they are building nuclear submarines and considering spreading nuclear weapons to garner military prestige Sotomayor 12, assistant professor @ Naval Postgraduate School with research in Civil-military relations; Latin America; peacekeeping operations; comparative foreign policy; international organizations; nuclear policy in Latin America. (Dr. Arturo, “U.S.-Latin American Nuclear Relations: From Commitment to Defiance”, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, September 2012) A third school of thought … under a civilian and democratic leadership.
That causes Brazilian nuclear re-arm Schulz 2k Donald E., Ph.D., Chair of Political Science at Cleveland State U., fmr. Research Professor of National Security at the Strategic Studies Institute of the US Army College, March 200, “The United States and Latin America: Shaping an Elusive Future”, Strategic Studies Institute Until recently, the primary U.S. concern … many high-ranking Brazilian officers. 5
Brazil nuclearization leads to an arms race in Latin America – failed deterrence spills over to an all-out war Ghoshal, August 20, 2013 Associate Fellow at the Centre for Air Power Studies, Western Air Command, New Delhi, India.( Debalina “South America Goes Nuclear: Now Brazil” Gatestone institute, August 20th 2013, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/3941/nuclear-brazil Braziland#39;s submarine capabilities could, of … leads to all-out war.
Multilateralism in Latin America resolves Brazilian mistrust and fosters cooperation – stops the defense measures Brown, 13– Thesis for Master of Strategic Studies (Lawrence T., “Restoring the Unwritten Alliance in Brazil-United States Relations”, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA560773andquot;andgt;andlt;span)//NG Appointing an ambassador to UNASUR, … regionally and throughout the world.
The Embargo is the key factor Briger, 9– COHA Research Associate (Lilly, “Obama and the Gatekeeper: President Lula Comes to Washington”, http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO0903/S00315.htm) On Saturday, President Barack Obama … of U.S. policy toward the region.
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion is the only renewable energy able to actualize a hydrogen economy Rauhauser 08 (2/11/08, Neil, analyst and consultant on energy and telecommunications, member of the Stranded Wind Initiative, “Ocean Thermals can Produce Green Energy, http://www.thecuttingedgenews.com/index.php?article=874andpageid=andpagename=) Many have heard the phrase "The Hydrogen Economy" … will be as solid as a Pacific Northwest hydroelectric facility once put into operation.
OTEC has the greatest energy potential—it has the best proximity and is easy to produce because of wave and tide predictions Gerdes 4/3/14, Independent journalist specializing in energy and the environment Justin, “Oceans of Energy—Abundant and Carbon-Free!” Living Green Magazine, April 3, 2014 http://livinggreenmag.com/2014/04/03/energy-ecology/oceans-energy-abundant-carbon-free/#GRq6lgldOgK08vui.99 Long before humans got hooked on fossil fuels … managed by the California grid operator in recent years.
A hydrogen economy would solve every problem imaginable and oil dependence Rifkin 2 (Jeremy Rifkin, author of The Biotech Century (Tarcher Putnam), is president of The Foundation on Economic Trends, in Washington, DC, The Nation, Hydrogen: Empowering the People, 12-5-02 http://www.thenation.com/doc/20021223/rifkin) While the fossil-fuel era enters its sunset years, … companies the capacity to "deliver measured quantities of power to specified areas of the grid."
First scenario—Warming
Fossil Fuels are the biggest contributor to global warming—now is key to find an alternative solution because of high prices Mehmood et al 12, Harbin Engineering university China, Deepwater Engineering Research Centre, PhD, researcher Nasir Mehmood, Zhang Liang and Jawad Khan “Harnessing Ocean Energy by Tidal Current Technologies", Maxwell scientific organization, September 15, 2012, http://maxwellsci.com/print/rjaset/v4-3476-3487.pdf International Energy Outlook (IEO) study shows … consistent untapped resources of ocean energy are referred as ocean power.
Warming is real and anthropogenic–prefer scientific models Mueller 12 (The New York Times, Richard A. Mueller, July 28, 2012, “The Conversion of a Climate Change Skeptic” Richard A. Muller, a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, and a former MacArthur Foundation fellow, is the author, most recently, of “Energy for Future Presidents: The Science Behind the Headlines.” http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/30/opinion/the-conversion-of-a-climate-change-skeptic.html?_r=1andpagewanted=all) Call me a converted skeptic. Three years ago … temperature rise and the known greenhouse gas increase.
The world could avoid much of the damaging … and agriculture more resilient to climate change," Arnell said.
Warming causes extinction Smith 1/9/14—Economic Historian, He wrote his UCLA history Ph.D. thesis on the transition to capitalism in China and held post-docs at the East-West Center in Honolulu and Rutgers University. He has written on China, capitalism and the global environment and on related issues for New Left Review, Monthly Review, The Ecologist, the International Journal of Ecological Economics and Statistics, Real-World Economics Review, Adbusters magazine and other publications (Richard, “Green Capitalism: The God That Failed”, truthout, Thursday, 09 January 2014, http://truth-out.org/news/item/21060-green-capitalism-the-god-that-failed) As soaring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions drove … stop runaway warming and sealing our fate as a species.(1)
Oil dependence makes US China war inevitable Klare 10 (Michael Klare, professor of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College, “Tomgram: Michael Klare, China Shakes the World,” September 19, 2010, http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/175297/tomgram3A_michael_klare2C_china_shakes_the_world) Already, China’s efforts to bolster its ties with … China’s energy decisions will shake the world.
Goes nuclear Goldstein, 13 – Avery, David M. Knott Professor of Global Politics and International Relations, Director of the Center for the Study of Contemporary China, and Associate Director of the Christopher H. Browne Center for International Politics at the University of Pennsylvania (“First Things First: The Pressing Danger of Crisis Instability in U.S.-China Relations,” International Security, vol. 37, no. 4, Spring 2013, Muse)
Two concerns have driven much of the debate about international … compressing the time frame for diplomacy to avert military conflict.
High risk of escalation Easton 1/31/14, research fellow at the Project 2049 Institute, visiting fellow at the Japan Institute of International Affairs in Tokyo, was a China analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, China’s Deceptively Weak (and Dangerous) Military, http://thediplomat.com/2014/01/chinas-deceptively-weak-and-dangerous-military/?allpages=yes Yet none of this should be comforting to China’s potential military … capture the capital and pacify the rest of the rugged island.
Prefer new evidence—China thinks they can win Axe 2/1/14, freelance military correspondent, China Thinks It Can Defeat America in Battle, https://medium.com/war-is-boring/874bffe1b1b9 That was then. But after two decades of sustained military modernization, … has both a moral and a material interest in a world in which democratic nations can survive and thrive,” Cliff asserted.
Independently, increasing tensions over oil collapses US hegemony Mearsheimer 4/8/14—professor of political science at the University of Chicago, PhD in Government from Cornell University (John, Mearsheimer earned a Masters Degree in International Relations from the University of Southern California. He subsequently entered Cornell University and in 1980 earned a Ph.D. in government, specifically in international relations. From 1978–1979, he was a research fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C.; from 1980–1982, he was a post-doctoral fellow at Harvard University’s Center for International Affairs. During the 1998–1999 academic year, he was the Whitney H. Shepardson Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York, Can China Rise Peacefully? The National Interest, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/can-china-rise-peacefully-10204//cc) In addition to pursuing regional hegemony, a rising …, much the way the United States has pursued sea control.
Hegemony is a stabilizing force—economic globalization, democracies and the security blanket all diffuse conflict making it virtually impossible Thayer 13 (Bradley, professor in the political science department at Baylor University, “Humans, Not Angels: Reasons to Doubt the Decline of War Thesis”, International Studies Review Volume 15, Issue 3, pages 396–419, September 2013) Accordingly, while Pinker is sensitive to the importance of power in … the distribution of relative power changes and not to the benefit of the United States.
The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement toward Mexico through bilateral cooperation on OTEC.
Mexico has the potential for ocean tech but US assistance is key Alcocer et al 2012, Ph.D., University of Texas at Austin, Instituto de Ingeniería UNAM (Sergio M., “ANNUAL REPORT IMPLEMENTING AGREEMENT ON OCEAN ENERGY SYSTEMS”, IEA Technology http://www.iea.org/media/openbulletin/OES2012.pdf) In recent years, Mexico has implemented major changes in the energy … the energy saving, clean technologies and the use of renewable energy.
Mexico is key to modeling Huacuz 5 (Jorge M. Huacuz, PhD @ UC-San Diego in physics, specialist in unconventional energy sources, president of the national association of solar energy in Mexico November 2005 “The road to green power in Mexico – reflections on the prospects for the large-scale and sustainable implementation of renewable energy” Energy Policy 33.16) Mexico is at cross-roads regarding green power. … a new energy culture must be created.
Now is key to help developing coastal areas like Mexico—current high oil prices are making OTEC more cost competitive Giset 11, a J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Law School in 2002, and a Masters in Environmental Studies from the University of Pennsylvania Todd J, practices law with Preti Flaherty's Energy and Telecommunications Group from the Augusta, Maine office. His clients include renewable and other energy developers, “ARTICLE: HARNESSING THE OCEAN'S POWER: OPPORTUNITIES IN RENEWABLE OCEAN ENERGY RE-SOURCES” 2011 Marine Law Institute, University of Maine School of Law and Ocean and Coastal Law Journal, Lexis V. CAN RENEWABLE OCEAN RESOURCES BE COST-COMPETITIVE? … additional reductions in the cost of energy from the sea.
We only need to win 1 solvency—OTEC’s abundancy and energy potential means we can power everything Ooi and Chew 12, Faculty of Technology Management and Technopreneurship, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Bun Jian and Boon Cheong “ ”, Power and Energy Conversion Symposium (PECS 2012), Melaka, Malaysia, 22 November 2012 According to Public Citizen 20, renewable … see the potential of OTEC to contribute as our energy sources.
