Tournament: Berkeley | Round: Triples | Opponent: SFA Austin EE | Judge: Freeman, Jim Coates-Welsh, Rufus Lind, Brett

We begin with a reflection on Elián Gonzalez from Jose Mun?oz:

Mun?oz ‘8 (Jose? Mun?oz an Associate Professor of Performance Studies , New York University Published online: 03 Jun 2008. “Performing greater Cuba: Tania Bruguera and the burden of guilt”)—Chechita
Sitting in a lower Manhattan bar …view it ambivalently.1 

Paul Allaston provides additional context:

Allatson ‘4 (Paul coordinates and teaches in the Latino USA and Spain programs at the Institute for International Studies, the University of Technology, Sydney. “The Virtualization of Elián González,” M/C Journal, Volume 7 Issue 5 Nov. 2004, http://www.journal.media-culture.org.au/0411/16-allatson.php

For seven months in … and consumerist excess.

Gonzalez, who floated on a raft from Cuba to Florida, was later pulled from his relative’s dwelling at gunpoint and forced to return to a father at “home” in Cuba. But which Cuba? Cuba is not a monolithic place – it is an illusion, a nonspace. Elián could never be sent “home” because there is no home. Traditional economic engagement with Cuba is impossible and clings to the false dichotomy between “US and Cuba” or “home and exile” produces violent nationalist ontologies.

Allatson ‘4 (Paul coordinates and teaches in the Latino USA and Spain programs at the Institute for International Studies, the University of Technology, Sydney. “The Virtualization of Elián González,” M/C Journal, Volume 7 Issue 5 Nov. 2004, http://www.journal.media-culture.org.au/0411/16-allatson.php

For seven months in 1999/2000, …ontological stalling and proliferation.

Traditional narratives of Elián miss the point – sending him back or keeping him here reifies the conception of the “home” (either in geographic and nationalist terms or in ideological and capitalistic expressions). This politics of the “home” doesn’t just eliminate the Cuban diaspora, it encodes a unique form of national whiteness that results in economic inequality, racism, and violence on all immigrant bodies. The point is not to pick a side, but to inhabit and dwell in the spaces in-between.

Banet-Weiser ‘3 (Sarah is an assistant professor at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Southern California. Elián González and "The Purpose of America": Nation, Family, and the Child-Citizen, American Quarterly 55.2 (2003) 149-178)

Because of the discursive construction … fraught with tension.

Because of the fluidity of the Cuban identity in terms of race and class, a critical interrogation is a starting point for a border investigation of diasporic identity.

Torres, 95 (Maria de los Angeles, director and professor of Latin American and Latino Studies at the University of Illinois in Chicago, 1995, “Encuentros Y Encontronazos: Homeland in the Politics and Identity of the Cuban Diaspora,” Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies, Volume 4, Number 2, http://muse.jhu.edu.libproxy.dixie.edu/journals/diaspora_a_journal_of_transnational_studies/v004/4.2.torres.pdf) CRG
The relationship of Cuban …diaspora community in the United States.

Identity is not a concrete archeology; it is a complicated re-telling of the past and imagining in order to rediscover - normalizing relations is an attempt to stabilize this fluidity, dwelling in the middle space allows us to resist dominant ideologies which attempt to normalize and totalize individual identities.

Hall, 89 (Stuart, a cultural theorist and sociologist working at University of Birmingham and Open University, 1989, “Cultural Identity and Diaspora,” originally published in Framework issue 36, Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory) CRG
There are at least two different …of imaginary relmitication.

We have an obligation to focus on the violence occurring against the diasporic body now - exclusion of these impacts creates an endless apocalypse for not included within society.

Coviello 2000 (Peter, Prof. of English at Bowdoin College, Apocalypse From Now On, pg. 11)

Perhaps. But to claim that American … can scarcely be done without.

Diasporic philosophy is key to avoid ontologically damaging forms of home which try to replace effective critique.

Gur-Ze’ev 10 (Ilan Gur-Ze’ev; Professor in education at the University of Haifa in Israel and a diasporic philosopher; Written 2010; “Diasporic Philosophy and Counter-Education”; EDUCATIONAL FUTURES RETHINKING THEORY AND PRACTICE: Volume 48)

The philosophy of Diaspora … Thanatos finally conquers Eros.

Cubans have had their assets forcefully taken from them. They cannot access dreams of a perfect home- these dreams of a perfect and comfortable home stigmatize those who have no home – such as the Cuban diasporic body – and destroy alternative dwelling options – this creates barelife and prevents the possibility of ethical living.

Feldman, ‘6 (Leonard C, Assistant Prof of Polisci @ the U of Oregon, Citizens Without Shelter: Homelessness, Democracy, and Political Exclusion, p. 22-24)-mikee

At this point, however, a … These limits, though, are more like frontiers. 

Meaning, ethical living, and genuine hospitality are impossible within the current conception of a home - this conception is one that Cuban diasporic body cannot access.

Theodor Adorno 1951 – renowned German philosopher and Holocaust survivor (“Minima Moralia: Reflections on a Damaged Life,” Verso)
Refuge for the Homeless - … Wrong life cannot be lived rightly.

We must give up on the home – The comforts there are simply neurotic and cause totalitarian living.

Only a gesture that embraces homelessness within one’s home can preserve the possibility of morality.

Tyson Lewis and Daniel Cho 2006 (“HOME IS WHERE THE NEUROSIS IS: A TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SPATIAL UNCONSCIOUS,” University of Minnesota Press, Project Muse)

In sum, the traditional house is … and its attending immanent paradox.

Cuba policy is inseparable from the diasporic body. Discourses that attempt to locate Cuba as a static entity are impossible and ultimately produce a utopian vision of the home that can’t exist. This means our aff is not just related to the topic, it IS the topic.

Herrera ’11 (Andrea O’Reilly, ACROSS THE DIASPORA: SETTING THE TENT AGAINST THE HOUSE, University of Texas Press, pg. 15-17)

In some sense, all contemporary … positions are not identical.

In the face of this, the topic must be affirmed as a site for multiple forms of dwelling of which the Cuban diasporic body is one of many. Thus Camila and I dwell in the text, Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement toward Cuba.

Our method and advocacy is based in nomadism and is the only approach that solves – other strategies reach a “home” or a redemptive endpoint, while ours continually acts to prevent injustice.

Ilan Gur-Ze’ev 2005 – professor at the University of Haifa ADORNO AND HORKHEIMER: DIASPORIC PHILOSOPHY, NEGATIVE THEOLOGY, AND COUNTER-EDUCATION)
This is where the Diasporic dimension … present-day Diasporic counter-education.

Tournament: Alta | Round: 1 | Opponent: CPS BY | Judge: Paul Montreuil
Advantage 3 is Relations
US-Mexico relations are at a crossroads – US engagement over immigration is key to bolster cooperation on other issues
Shifter 13 (Michael, Michael is an Adjunct Professor of Latin American Studies at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and writes for the Council's journal Foreign Affairs. He serves as the President of Inter-American Dialogue, “A More Ambitious Agenda” February 2013 http://www.thedialogue.org/PublicationFiles/IAD9042_USMexicoReportEnglishFinal.pdf
CLans) US President Barack Obama … for further economic integration
Strong US-Mexico relations are essential to stopping the spread of organized crime, drug trafficking, and violence.
Olson ‘9 (Eric L., M.A., International Affairs, American University; B.A., History and Secondary Education, Trinity College, Associate Director of the Latin American Program at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, as a Senior Specialist in the Department for Promotion of Good Governance at the Organization of American States, January 2009, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/The20U.S.20and20Mexico.20Towards20a20Strategic20Partnership.pdf
It is time to strengthen … that limits the reach of organized crime
Unmitigated drug cartels cause nuclear terrorism.
Shanker ’13 (Thom, 5/30/13, New York Times, “Globalization Creates a New Worry: Enemy Convergence,” http://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/30/globalization-creates-a-new-worry-enemy-convergence/?ref=drugtraffickingand_r=0, accessed 6/29/13, MC

Drug cartels along … bridges to the civilian sectors to create security.
Nuclear terrorism causes extinction- escalation from nuclear tensions
Morgan ‘9 (Dennis Ray, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies in South Korea, “World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race”, July 10, Futures 41 (2009) 683–693)-
In a remarkable website … ecosphere as well.

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Maine East AL | Judge: Osborn, Martin
Guest Workers 1AC

Advantage One is Agriculture
Massive ag labor shortage now – immigration enforcement only makes it worse
Elias 13
(Thomas, masters in journalism from Stanford, “Farm labor shortages may drive immigration changes” Sandiego Source, newspaper, May 10, pg online at http://www.sddt.com/Commentary/article.cfm?SourceCode=20130510tzaandCommentary_ID=109and_t=Farm+labor+shortages+may+drive+immigration+changes#.Ucypofkphsk//sd)

There has been some dispute … to include a guest-worker program.

US food production is on the brink of collapse – a guest worker program is key to keeping US agriculture competitive
Barlow 2013, June 8, Ag Industry needs Immigration Reform, H.H Barlow: was a member of the U.S Board for International Food and Agriculture Development, http://www.news-graphic.com/opinion/columnists/article_2bc51520-cfb7-11e2-8a20-0019bb2963f4.html

That’s why I support the … floor of the U.S. Senate very soon. 

Guest workers are key to the whole industry – US ag will collapse without the plan
Clemens 13 Michael A. Clemens; INTERNATIONAL  HARVEST:  A Case Study of How Foreign Workers Help American  Farms Grow Crops – and the Economy; Clemens has a PHD from Harvard in Economics and is a senior fellow at the Center for Global Development where he leads the Migration and Development initiative; http://www.renewoureconomy.org/sites/all/themes/pnae/nc-agr-report-05-2013.pdf; May 2013

The data show this is ….t us the workers we need.

American ag industry key to support global food markets
Bertini and Glickman, ’13. Catherine Bertini, Former Executive Director, World Food Program, United Nations. Dan Glickman, Former Secretary, US Department of Agriculture May 2013. “Advancing Global Food Security: THE POWER OF SCIENCE, TRADE, AND BUSINESS.” report issued by an independent Advisory group on global Agricultural development. The Chicago Council on Global Affairs is a leading independent, nonpartisan organization committed to influencing the discourse on global issues through contributions to opinion and policy formation, leadership dialogue, and public learning. http://www.thechicagocouncil.org/UserFiles/File/GlobalAgDevelopment/Report/2013_Advancing_Global_Food_Security.pdf - clawan

The United States has before …see its future prospects dim.THE CHICAGO COUNCIL ON GLOBAL AFFAIRS 5 

Failure to reverse the decline of US agriculture collapses global food security – triggers global food shortages, recession, mass die-offs, and nuclear conflict
Andrew McKillop, former chief policy analyst @ European Commission, 8-4-2011, “The Food Crisis War Endgame,” Market Oracle, http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article29666.html

We know all to well that and#34;food …, worldwide: FoodWar 2 has gone critical.

Worker shortages lead to farm mechanization
Calvin and Martin 10 (Linda, Agricultural Economists, Philip, professor in the Department of Agriculture and Resource Economics, University of California-Davis, November 2010,
“The U.S. Produce Industry and Labor: Facing the Future in a Global Economy,”
Economic Research Report No. (ERR-106) 57 pp, Economic Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/err-economic-research-report/err106.aspx#.UjIia2TwKNw) CRG
Fruit and vegetable production is, …improve labor productivity for others.

Mechanization destroys ecosystems
Pfeiffer, 3 (Dale Allen, geologist and journalist and editor of From the Wilderness, October 3rd 2003, “Eating Fossil Fuels,”  Organic Consumers Association Copyright, From The Wilderness Publications, http://www.organicconsumers.org/corp/fossil-fuels.cfm) CRG 

Just when agricultural output could …Green Revolution is becoming bankrupt.

Ecosystem collapse leads to extinction
Cairns, 4 (John, Jr., Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, February 26th, “Life on Earth,” ETHICS IN SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS, Inter- Research Science Center, http://www.int-res.com/articles/esep/2004/E41.pdf) CRG 

One lesson from the five … for posterity by continuing to live unsustainably?   

Independently, declining ag industry means that they increase their use of subsidies, crowding out small farms
Doolittle, 1 (Joe, writer for Clarke College Honors Colloquium, February 1st 2001, “Big Problems For Small Farms, Clarke College Honors Colloquium. http://keller.clarke.edu/~english/honors/joe/) CRG 

For years, the United States government … more efficiency to the agriculture business.

Small farm worker shortages now- Guest worker plan is key to solve
Duran, 13 (Johnathen , specialist in Regional Development and staff writer, “Immigration Reform 2013: Bill Or No Bill, America Will Still Have a Farm Labor Crisis,” PolicyMic, http://www.policymic.com/articles/42539/immigration-reform-2013-bill-or-no-bill-america-will-still-have-a-farm-labor-crisis) CRG

We need to pass immigration reform, … points of view and areas of interest,

Small farms solve warming- they conserve natural resources, are more productive, and increase biodiversity  
Altieri, 08 (Miguel A., President, Sociedad Cientifica LatinoAmericana de Agroecologia (SOCLA), May 9th 2008, “Small farms as a planetary ecological asset: Five key reasons why we should support the revitalization of small farms in the Global South,” Food First, http://www.foodfirst.org/en/node/2115) CRG

Although the conventional wisdom is … itself to feeding car tanks.

U.S. agricultural development spills over globally
Bertini and Glickman, ’13. Catherine Bertini, Former Executive Director, World Food Program, United Nations. Dan Glickman, Former Secretary, US Department of Agriculture May 2013. “Advancing Global Food Security: THE POWER OF SCIENCE, TRADE, AND BUSINESS.” report issued by an independent Advisory group on global Agricultural development. The Chicago Council on Global Affairs is a leading independent, nonpartisan organization committed to influencing the discourse on global issues through contributions to opinion and policy formation, leadership dialogue, and public learning. http://www.thechicagocouncil.org/UserFiles/File/GlobalAgDevelopment/Report/2013_Advancing_Global_Food_Security.pdf - clawan

In the 21st century the world … to champion and lead the cause of global agricultural development.

Warming turns every impact
Burke 8 (Sharon, sr fellow and dir of the energy security project at the Center for a New American Security, Chapter 6 of Climatic Cataclysm: The Foreign Policy and National Security Implications of Climate Change, edited by Kurt Campbell, p 157-165)
At the same time, however, the …, which will compromise agricultural productivity. 

Ag Industry key to jobs and economy
Stabenow 2013, Feb 17, Debbie Stabenow, Senate agriculture Committee Chairwoman, “American Agriculture Supports 16 Million Jobs” http://www.stabenow.senate.gov/?p=press_releaseandid=251

WASHINGTON - U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow, D-Mich., … job because of American agriculture.

Domestic US Ag production is key to future Global Leadership – more important than all other factors
Andrew Pickford, 2008, Andrew Pickford holds positions of Mannkal Fellow at Mannkal Economic Education Foundation and Project Consultant at the Committee for Economic Development of Australia in Western Australia, Masters of Studies in Strategic Affairs from the Australian National University, Research Manager of Future Directions International, Australiaand#39;s Center for Strategic Analysis, 7/29/2008, (The Rise of Agri-Powers, http://www.redorbit.com/news/business/1499253/the_rise_of_agripowers/)

AGRICULTURAL POWERS – those self-sufficient in food, fabric, and … targets for larger, hungrier1 nations.

Plan Text
The United States federal government should substantially expand the guest worker visa program for workers from Mexico.

Advantage Two is Manufacturing 

US manufacturing is in a steep decline—loss of productivity, activity and demand
Kamalick 12 (Joe Kamalick is ICIS Chief Correspondent to the Americas;  US engine sputters.  ICIS Chemical Business, 19375786, 9/17/2012, Vol. 282, Issue 7 EBSCO) LShen

The US manufacturing sector and … capital spending and equipment purchases.  and#34;
Low wage immigrants are key to manufacturing—declining native workforce
Capps and Fortuny 7
(Randy, demographer and Senior Policy Analyst with MPIand#39;s National Center on Immigrant Integration Policy, Karina, author of “Children of Immigrants: 2008 State Trends Update,”, “Trends in the Low-Wage Immigrant Labor Force, 2000–2005” pg online at http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411426_Low-Wafge_immigrant_Labor.pdf//sd)

As their absolute number and share …needed to make correct policy choices.

H2-B visas include manufacturing, but status quo cap is too low—guts US manufacturing competitiveness
Dickenson 6
(Elizabeth C, Director of Immigration Services, Representative for the US Chamber of Commerce, “GUEST WORKER PROGRAMS: IMPACT ON THE AMERICAN WORKFORCE AND U.S. IMMIGRATION POLICY” to the HOUSE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND THE WORKFORCE July 19th, pg online at http://www.uschamber.com/sites/default/files/testimony/twptestimonydickson71906.pdf//sd)

The other major temporary worker program is the …, it is cumbersome and litigation-prone.

US heg in decline, manufacturing reverses this trend
Haimowitz 5/9/13 (Sara, Coordinator of Alliance for American Manufacturing, citing Brigadier General John Adams (U.S. Army, Retired), “New Report Calls for Stronger U.S. Manufacturing Sector to Protect National Security.” Pg online at http://www.tradereform.org/2013/05/new-report-calls-for-stronger-u-s-manufacturing-sector-to-protect-national-security///sd) CRG

Urgent action is needed …r our response to future threats.and#34;

The pursuit of hegemony is inevitable, sustainable, and prevents great power war
Ikenberry, Brooks, and Wohlforth 13 – *Stephen G. Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, John Ikenberry is Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University in Seoul, William C. Wohlforth is Daniel Webster Professor of Government at Dartmouth College (“Lean Forward: In Defense of American Engagement”, January/February 2013, Foreign Affairs, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/138468/stephen-g-brooks-g-john-ikenberry-and-william-c-wohlforth/lean-forward)

The benefits of deep engagement, … accidents, and unforeseen crises goes up.¶ 

Manufacturing key to our economy and reduces reliance on other countries
Ettlinger and Gordon, 11 (Micheal, Vice President of Economic Policy at the Center for American Progress, Kate, serves as the vice president and director of the energy and climate program at Next Generation, April 7th 2011, “The Importance and Promise of American Manufacturing,” Center for American Progresshttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/labor/report/2011/04/07/9427/the-importance-and-promise-of-american-manufacturing/) CRG

Manufacturing is critically important to … to trade embargoes to natural disasters. 

Rigorous studies proves a strong correlation between economic decline and conflict
Royal ‘10
(director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense (Jedediah, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, pg 213-215)
Less intuitive is how periods of economic … economic-security debate and deserves more attention.

Manufacturing boosts the innovation sector
US Department of Commerce, 12 (official website for the US Department of Commerce, May 9th 2012, “Manufacturing: Key to an Innovation-Based Economy,” http://www.commerce.gov/blog/2012/05/09/manufacturing-key-innovation-based-economy) CRG 

Responding to a question about … here to create public benefit.”
Innovation solves great power war
Taylor ‘4 4/1/04, Mark Taylor is a professor of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “The Politics of Technological Change: International Relations versus Domestic Institutions,” http://www.scribd.com/doc/46554792/Taylor CRG

Introduction Technological innovation is of … would not exist in the first place

Advanced manufacturing technology makes war obsolete – it’s the ultimate deterrent
Paone ’09 66th Air Base Wing Public Affairs for the US Air Force (Chuck, 8-10-09, “Technology convergence could prevent war, futurist says,”http:www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123162500) CRG

8/7/2009 - HANSCOM AIR FORCE BASE, Mass. -- The convergence of and#34;exponentially advancing technologiesand#34; …hose he expects to converge in so powerful a way.

Manufacturing solves bioterror, two I/L:
First is the supply chain- speed enhanced by manufacturing, solves bioterror
Brandeau 7 (Brandeau ML, Hutton DW, Owens DK, Bravata DM, Department of Management Science and Engineering @ Stanford University, “Planning the bioterrorism response supply chain: learn and live,” Am J Disaster Med. 2007 Sep-Oct;2(5):231-47, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18491839)

Responses to bioterrorism require rapid … disease outbreaks and natural and manmade disasters.

Second is pharmaceuticals- Manufacturing drives innovation and pharmaceuticals
Swezey and McConaghy, 11 Devon and Ryan, Breakthrough Institute , October 11 , Breakthrough Institute, and#34;ADVANCED MANUFACTURING AND THE FUTURE OF THE AMERICAN ECONOMYand#34; , http://thebreakthrough.org/blog/BTI_Third_Way_Idea_Brief_-_Manufacturing_Growth_.pdf  CRG

New manufacturing thrives on and drives … for product development and manufacturing.
Pharmaceuticals solve bioterrorism
Terriff and Tee, 2001 (Colleen M.,  Amy M., trained pharmaceutical experts, Am J Health Syst Pharm,  
“Citywide Pharmaceutical Preparation For Bioterrorism,” MedScape, http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/406942_1) CRG
One communityand#39;s efforts to … of necessary drugs, antidotes, and vaccines.

A bioweapons attack results in extinction
Carpenter and Bishop 2009 (P. A., P. C.,  July 10, Graduate Program in Studies of the Future, School of Human Sciences and Humanities, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX, USA, Graduate Program in Futures Studies, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. A review of previous mass extinctions and historic catastrophic events, ScienceDirect)

The flu of 1890, 1918–1919 …antibiotic-resistant strain of the plague 26.

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 6 | Opponent: Gulliver Prep CT | Judge: Ivanovic
Contention One: A Failure of Imagination

“Love alone is not enough. Without imagination, love stales into sentiment, duty, boredom. Relationships fail not because we have stopped loving but because we first stopped imagining.”
? James Hillman
The US is engaged in a ‘war’ on Cuba! Instead of soldiers and shrapnel, there is poverty. Instead of battleships, there are presidential degrees and laws. The war against Cuba is principally fought with weapons of economic destruction.
Bastian ‘4 (Hope, an eductor living in Florida. “Sanctions as a War of Attrition,” Weekend Edition, Nov 2, http://www.counterpunch.org/2004/10/30/sanctions-as-a-war-of-attrition/)

I’m living in a …do business with them.

The collective history between the US and Cuba is filled with sanitized war. The ‘Cold’ War was neither cold, nor a war; the Bay of Pigs was a cowardly attempt to prevent war; economic sanctions are seen as the opposite of war – a final attempt to eliminate war.
Torricelli ’98 (C. Fred, Director, Institute for International Economics, and Robert G. Torricelli, Member, U.S. Senate (D-NJ), Moderator: Leslie H. Gelb, President, Council on Foreign Relations. “Sanctions Against Rogue States: Do They Work?” May 20, 1998, Council on Foreign Relations, http://www.cfr.org/world/sanctions-against-rogue-states-do-they-work/p51)

When the various … a real alternative.

It is no surprise that the archetype of war is present even in the within the economic engagement. War is normal, inevitable, and an integral part of our being but we’ve ignored this part of the psyche by separating war from civilian life and by sanitizing it’s true nature. This suppression of war causes us to erupt violently in our never-ending quest against delusional enemies.
Hillman 87 (James, A Founding Fellow of the Dallas Institute of Humanities and Culture, “Wars, Arms, Rams, Mars: On the Love of War,” in Facing Apocalypse edited by Valerie Andrews, Robert Bosnak, Karen Goodwin)
Our immigrant dream of …against delusional enemies.

Sanctions rationalize the absurdity of war and hide our inherent drive for it. War is inevitable but the embargo represses our need for conflict and pacifies our enemies. The embargo seeks to eradicate enemies in a never-ending mission to establish a peaceful utopia – this destroys the value to life.
Hillman ‘4 (James, retired Director of the Jung Institute, “A Terrible Love of War”, The Penguin Press, ISBN 1-59420-011-4, pgs 23-27)

In both cases, whether…Bank houses and gardens. 

This failure of imagination, the refusal to see war in our everyday, the separation of war from the spiritual, results in dangerous literalism – the impact is making violence and apocalypse more likely.
Hillman 87 (James, A Founding Fellow of the Dallas Institute of Humanities and Culture, “Wars, Arms, Rams, Mars: On the Love of War,” in Facing Apocalypse edited by Valerie Andrews, Robert Bosnak, Karen Goodwin)
We do not … from his dominion.

Contention Two: The Heart of the Topic
“I think we're miserable partly because we have only one god, and that's economics.” – James Hillman

Cuba is a mirror of our own economic repression. We lash out in attempt to economically control and manipulate Cuba’s freedom because we are jealous of their success.
Kleefeld ’13 (Carla PhD, LPCC, “Cuba: ‘Money Can’t Buy You Love’,” January 17th, 2013,
http://depthpsychologyandpolitics.com/cuba-money-cant-buy-you-love/)

Now, 53 years into …really means and can be.

This desire for control is rooted in the logic of bottom-line economics. Atrocities like the embargo are justifiable in the name of efficiency and growth – this reduces humans to a standing reserve and destroys the psyche
Hillman 81 (Hillman, James; former director of the Zurich Institute; Given October 1981; Anima Mundi: Return of the Soul to the World)

Continuing our parallel … openings left by loss.

Contention Three: A Geopolitics Named Desire
It is impossible to see the angel unless you first have a notion of it.
-James Hillman 

Cuba is a product of our imagination – the status quo image of Cuba is actively performed but psychologically rotten – culture is erased or commodified to protect an American imagination that results in imperialism and racism.
Riley ‘6 (Shannon Rose, Doctor of Philosophy in performance studies with a special emphasis on critical theory, “Imagi-nations in Black and White: Cuba, Haiti, and the Performance of Difference in US National Projects, 1898-1940” http://www.academia.edu/1378319/Imagi-nations_in_Black_and_White_Cuba_Haiti_and_the_Performance_of_Difference_in_US_National_Projects_1898-1940)

In another overly … national cultural imaginary.

This collective historical memory of Cuba as other is the product of a psychological desire to control and civilize the world.
Slater ’94 (David, Professor, Department of Geography, Loughborough University of Technology, Loughborough, “Reimagining the Geopolitics of Development: Continuing the Dialogue,” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, Vol. 19, No. 2 (1994), pp. 233-238, http://www.jstor.org/stable/622758)

When, for example, … geopolitics of desire.

The drive for control and normalcy in the world splits the psyche and pathologizes all that we associate as not valuable.  
Thomas Moore in 1990 (Thomas Moore is the author of the bestselling book Care of the Soul and fifteen other books. He has Ph. D. in religion from Syracuse University and has won several awards for his work, including an honorary doctorate from Lesley University. The essential James Hillman: a blue fire, Routledge; 1 edition, 1-3)-mikee

Because of its family… symptoms is our soul. 

A destroyed psyche is the root of all violence. Genocide and extinction are the end result of a soulless understanding of the world.
Walter A. Davis 2001 (Deracination: Historicity, Hiroshima, and the Tragic Imperative. State Univesrity of New York Press, p. 95-96)

It is never enough … struggle with the sublime. 

Contention Four: The Role of the Ballot

“I can no longer be sure whether the psyche is in me or whether I'm in the psyche...”
? James Hillman

A) The psyche
The psyche shapes our understanding of the world – everything depends on it. The resolution should only be evaluated on its psychological qualities.
Jung 58 (Carl G., renowned scholar of psychoanalysis and founder of the Jung Institute, The Undiscovered Self, New American Library, New York, 81-83)

For more than fifty … can happen to everyone.

This is especially true in the context of Latin American – the psyche is a prerequisite to effective engagement.
Hillman ‘8 (James, an American Psychologist, leading scholar in Jungian and post-Jungian thought, considered by many to be one of the most radical and original critics of contemporary culture. From History to Geography, Conversation with Gustavo Beck, Literal, Reflections, Art and Culture, Vol 14, 2008, http://www.literalmagazine.com/bilingual/from-history-to-geography-conversation-with-gustavo-beck/)

JH: What I think … Latin American Culture.
B) Our interpretation:
The judge should endorse the best psychological approach to the resolution.
This entails loving what the soul presents.
Therefore, we psychologically and emphatically affirm:
The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement toward Cuba.
All we have in this debate space is our imagination and our relationships. The ballot is the most tangible form of relating and it signifies an endorsement of the best types of relationships. If we win our approach is psychologically beneficial, you should vote aff.
C) Solvency
The resolution can be a site of wonderment – our advocacy is a new type of imagination that incorporates new modes of understanding the poetics of Cuba
West-Duran ’97 (Alan, Associate Professor, Department of Languages, Director of the Latino/a, Latin American, Ph.D. from New York University. Tropics of History: Cuba Imagined, pg. 1-21)

If language works as …understanding, if not hope.
To engage is to explore the myths and the unconscious of Cuba. We must imagine Cuba but not impose imagery from the imperial outside. Fiat is a tool to imagine Cuba as an object; we need to imagine Cuba as an image itself.  No dominant narrative of what Cuba should be, simply a contemplation of Cuba as already is.
West-Duran ’97 (Alan, Associate Professor, Department of Languages, Director of the Latino/a, Latin American, Ph.D. from New York University. Tropics of History: Cuba Imagined, pg. 1-21)
Cuba and its history … and constraining images.

D) Our Method
Attempts to map out the topic and psychologically silence the soul within it by trying to empiricize and literalize it, looking at implementation, and attempting to get the upper hand. The entire ethos of traditional debate is one that tries to fix, control, and cure problems instead of being open to the world as it presents itself. This is the plan of archetypal psychology: to explore our deep psychological commitments and affirm our most terrorizing images of the world
Hillman 1990 (James, has written dozens of critically acclaimed books, received his PhD from the University of Zurich, and is a retired Director of the Jung Institute, “A Blue Fire”, a blue fire, Routledge; 1 edition p. 10-11)-mikee

Hillman's later essays … initial response capabilities.

Tournament: Young Lawyers | Round: 4 | Opponent: Juan Diego WL | Judge: Kaden Hensley
Observation 1- Hispanophobia
As “Americans,” we conceal ourselves from global conflict, war, genocide, and violence behind our television screens – we look through one lens to develop a scholarship and “Truth” of what is actually occurring. In this process we subjugate what we are told – we integrate and process this information into our perspectives of the world. Specifically, the U.S.-Mexican border serves to constitute Mexicans as the, “dirty, foreign Other” through a politics of fear – political gestures based on this understanding are the event horizon for politics to come
Žižek, 07 - Slavoj Žižek is a Slovene philosopher and cultural critic. He is a senior researcher at the Institute for Sociology and Philosophy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, and a professor of philosophy and psychoanalysis at the European Graduate School (“Censorship Today: Violence, or ........ Ecology as a New Opium for the Masses”, Nov. 26, 2007, http://www.lacan.com/zizecology1.htm)
Last but not least, … of today's subjectivity.

Now, Americans imagine the border as a line of demarcation – a trophy of colonialist ideology that conceals the immoral truths of our history
Carter, 12 – PhD., the University of Essex, Matt's research is principally concerned with the expression of the American West in US cinema. His doctoral thesis investigated the interrelations between history, myth, and ideology in North America by using the Hollywood Western as its key primary source. He is also interested in the culture of the American Southwest, and his current research seeks to place the Western in a transnational context (“’I’m Just a Cowboy’: Transnational Identities of the Borderlands in Tommy Lee Jones’ The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada”, 2012, http://ejas.revues.org/9845)
As a historian, Limerick … or of simplicity” (Something 88).

This fear driven ideology Otherizes immigrants and Mexico to a political image
Cisneros, 08 - Dr. Josue David Cisneros is Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication Studies. His research and teaching interests focus mainly on rhetoric, or situated, public, and persuasive communication. Dr. Cisneros’ research focuses on the ways in which social and political identities are rhetorically constituted and contested in the public sphere, and he specializes in issues of citizenship, race/ethnicity, Latina/o identity, and immigration (“Contaminated Communities: The Metaphor of "Immigrant as Pollutant" in Media Representations of Immigration”, 2008 http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/rhetoric_and_public_affairs/v011/11.4.cisneros.html)
Popular rhetoric about …government's response.

These cultural discourses determine policy towards the Other
Van Efferink, 10 (Leonhardt, MSc in Financial Economics at Erasmus University Rotterdam and an MA in 'Geopolitics, Territory and Security' at King’s College London. He is now working on a PhD with Royal Holloway’s (University of London), “Polar Partner or Poles Apart?” PSA Graduate Network Conference December 2010, http://www.psa.ac.uk/spgrp/51/2010/Ppr/PGC2_Van20EfferinkLeonhardt_Polar_Partners_or_Poles_Apart_PSA_2010.pdf)
The term ‘critical … and depoliticises knowledge.

The “Otherness” dictated by political and physical separation of the borders justifies real poverty and institutionalized violence
Ramlow, 6 ((Todd R., “Bodies in the Borderlands: Gloria Anzaluda's and David Wojnarowicz's Mobility Machines,” MELUS, Volume: 31(3), Fall, p. 178. DAP)
Throughout Wojnarowicz's travels, …the kid in his camaro, are 

Amnesty breeds economic Xenophobia by allowing America to become the home of migrants
Salaita, 05 - Steven Salaita is assistant professor of Multicultural literature at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater (“Anti-ArabRacism: How Myth … only logical option.  

The ethical grounding for border exclusion rationalizes infinite violence – the affirmative maximizes ethics
Nathan Smith  April 10, 2012 Economics Assistant Professor Fresno Pacific University
All Ethical Roads Lead to Open Borders http://openborders.info/blog/tag/joseph-carens/
That’s a one-line … defined and understood.
This perceptive Hispanophobia renders an entire population as utility – valueless and ontologically dead
Walsh, 10 - University College Dublin College of Arts and Celtic Studies, peer reviewed by Prof. Edward James and Dr. David Kerr (“The impact of anti-Mexican sentiment on American perceptions of Diego Rivera during the Great Depression”, August, 2010, http://www.ucd.ie/ibp/MADissertations2009/Walsh.pdf)
‘I have left the … meant to be Mexican.

The aff unpacking rejects the racist past of US immigration policy
Doris Provine, 2008 , Professor, School of Justice and Social Inquiry, Arizona State U.
Review of OPENING THE FLOODGATES: WHY AMERICA NEEDS TO RETHINK ITS BORDERS AND IMMIGRATION LAWS, by Kevin R. Johnson.  Law and Politics Book Review, Vol. 18 No. 2 (February, 2008) pp.106-108 http://www.gvpt.umd.edu/lpbr/subpages/reviews/johnson0208.htm
Moral arguments for …employing immigrant workers.
Vote affirmative to reject the feudal privilege of closed borders
Joseph H. Carens 2013 Prof of Political Science of the University of Toronto
http://www.law.nyu.edu/ecm_dlv2/groups/public/@nyu_law_website__academics__colloquia__legal_political_and_social_philosophy/documents/documents/ecm_pro_069497.pdf The Ethics of Immigration
Chapter 10 The Case for Open Borders (Book forthcoming – Jan 2014)
In the first … states are normally justified.
Observation 2- Environmental Justice
Status quo border paradigms render the Other as useless – these racist delegations justify a plethora of environmental and health issues – toxic drinking water and anencephaly, in the name of preserving First World ontics. Welcome to Mexico!
Bullard and Johnson, 2k - Robert Doyle Bullard is Dean of the Barbara Jordan-Mickey Leland School of Public Affairs at Texas Southern University (“Environmental Justice: Grassroots Activism and Its Impact on Public Policy Decision Making”, 2000, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 56, No. 3, http://www.unc.edu/courses/2005spring/epid/278/001/Bullard2000JSocIssues.pdf)
Hazardous waste generation …. the national average. 

We should be affirming policies that avoid “waste imperialism,” where the First World uses the Third as a giant landfill, producing massive structural inequality while reproducing the myth of the “dirty, foreign” Xenophobia
Mannathukkaren 12 (Nissim, Associate Professor, International Development Studies, Dalhousie University, “Garbage as our alter ego”, Nov 3, 2012, http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/garbage-as-our-alter-ego/article4059003.ece)
If there is …. confronted head on. 

Specifically, the border represents a lens of political resistance – challenging environmental transnationalism spills-over and resists political conflict
Bandy, 97 - Ph.D. in Sociology @ University of California, Santa Barbara (“Reterritorializing Borders: Transnational Environmental Justice Movements on the U.S./Mexico Border”, 1997
http://www.academia.edu/1354583/Reterritorializing_Borders_Transnational_Environmental_Justice_Movements_on_the_U.S._Mexico_Border, accessed via acadamia)
“The border could …. malign “American dream.” (Davis 1986:314)
The macro only survives due to the micro, just as policy is rooted in cultural movements, we must invigorate environmental justice
Bandy, 97 - Ph.D. in Sociology @ University of California, Santa Barbara (“Reterritorializing Borders: Transnational Environmental Justice Movements on the U.S./Mexico Border”, 1997
http://www.academia.edu/1354583/Reterritorializing_Borders_Transnational_Environmental_Justice_Movements_on_the_U.S._Mexico_Border, accessed via acadamia)
Through this example …. instructive transnational politics.

Now, any alternative makes extinction inevitable- social and environmental factors develop a cascade of destruction
Ehrenfeld, Rutgers biology professor, 2005
(David, “The Environmental Limits to Globalization”, Conservation Biology Vol. 19 No. 2, ebsco)
Ehrenfeld ‘5, 

The overall environmental … exacerbated by globalization (Ehrenfeld 2003b).
Imagination solves the environment – psychology
Susan M. Koger and Deborah DuNann Winter, 3/12/2010, Ph.D. in Psychology and professor @ Willamette University, “The Psychology of Environmental Problems: Psychology for Sustainability”, Psychology Press, http://books.google.com/books?hl=enandlr=andid=M_wG9YJyWcECandoi=fndandpg=PP1andots=-eLQkVHO23andsig=zSSXZDXOgswimcn6Q7TMeHQyUnU#v=onepageandqandf=false
From a social psychological …, to which we now turn.
Observation 3- Our Response
Thus, Camila and I imagine an open border between the U.S. and Mexico.  
The border is constructed - Americans chose to imagine the failure of an open-border – these ideas are wrong and outdated – the EU proves
Delacroix and Nikiforov, 09 - Jacques Delacroix is a professor of organizational analysis and management and the former director of international business studies in the Leavey School of Business at Santa Clara University (“If Mexicans and Americans Could Cross the Border Freely”, Summer 2009, http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_14_01_6_delacroix.pdf)
The bold open-border …of its territory.
The best methodology to deteriorate the Other is to imagine a world absent the border – this process eliminates difference and creates an aesthetic that allows us to open-up and engage the Xenophobia circulated in the status quo
Klahn, 93 – Norma Khlan, PhD Humanities, University of California @ Santa Cruz (“The Border: Imagined, Invented Or from the Geopolitics of Literature to Nothingness”, 1993, http://clrc.soe.ucsc.edu/sites/clrcweb/files/sites/default/files/WorkingPapers/05_Klahn.pdf)
The eroding of unifying …as in the Anglo traveller. 

The border is a narrative constructed by imagination – to some, it is a fence – to others, it is a metaphorical dichotomy that bolsters societal exclusion that they can’t climb over - a critical interrogation is necessary to delineate self-identification
Carter, 12 – PhD., the University of Essex, Matt's research is principally concerned with the expression of the American West in US cinema. His doctoral thesis investigated the interrelations between history, myth, and ideology in North America by using the Hollywood Western as its key primary source. He is also interested in the culture of the American Southwest, and his current research seeks to place the Western in a transnational context (“’I’m Just a Cowboy’: Transnational Identities of the Borderlands in Tommy Lee Jones’ The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada”, 2012, http://ejas.revues.org/9845)
Limerick presses the …the Mexican “other.”
Embracing the imaginary despite political impossibility is desirable – the alternative is to legitimize deep unjustice though the judging space
Joseph H. Carens 2013 Prof of Political Science of the University of Toronto
http://www.law.nyu.edu/ecm_dlv2/groups/public/@nyu_law_website__academics__colloquia__legal_political_and_social_philosophy/documents/documents/ecm_pro_069497.pdf The Ethics of Immigration
Chapter 10 The Case for Open Borders (Book forthcoming – Jan 2014)
Why make an argument that we should open our borders when there is no chance that we will? Because it is important to gain a critical perspective on the ways in which collective choices are constrained, even if we cannot do much to alter those constraints. Social institutions and practices may be deeply unjust and yet so firmly established that, for all practical purposes, they must be taken as background givens in deciding how to act in the world at a particular moment in time. The feudal system, whose injustice I have presupposed above, was once deeply entrenched. So was the institution of slavery in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. For a long time, there was no real hope of transcending those arrangements. Yet criticism was still appropriate. Even if we must take deeply rooted social arrangements as givens for purposes of immediate action in a particular context, we should never forget about our assessment of their fundamental character. Otherwise we wind up legitimating what should only be endured.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harker RS | Judge: Hammond
1ac - Stanford
The Mary Nardini gang explains what the anti-queer world looks like and how queer bodies are forced to encounter violence in every part of their lives … 

A fag is … for¶ the Totality.

We don’t want to assimilate into normative culture – we embrace queerness as a radical act of defiance. A member of Queer Nation tells us that …
Queer Nation 90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html//RC)
I hate having …Boy, you're bitter."
The targeted violence and killings of queers result in omnicide
Sedgwick ‘8 (Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, 2008 The Epistemology of the Closet)gingE
From at least …opened and opened?
We are not optimistic—we refuse fantasies of becoming integrated into society as such
Edelman and Berlant ’13 (Lee Edelman, professor of English at Tufts Univeristy and Lauren Berlant, professor of English at University of Chicago. 2013. Sex, or the Unbearable)gingE
It is in …. of thinking sex?
A strategy that stabilizes a world that is anti-queer allows for assimilation strategies that allows “good white gays and lesbians” to be part of a larger power structure of capitalism, patriarchy, and heteronormativity that is violent against difference. The only strategy is a total conflict with the totality
Mary Nardini gang, no date (criminal queers from Milwaukee, Wisconsin “toward the queerest insurrection”RC) 

In the discourse … is our¶ history.

A member of Queer Nation writes …
Queer Nation 90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html//RC)
I hate that … I hate straights.
When facing a world of crisis we should embrace failure
Halberstam 12 (J. Jack cultural critic, a transgender theorist, and an activist  Professor of American Studies and Ethnicity, Gender Studies and Comparative Literature at the University of Southern California. “Gaga Feminism Sex, Gender, and the End of Normal” 2012 RC)

Welcome to the …of “normal¶ life.”

Thus, Camila and I affirm the failure of the resolution
Don’t vote aff to join our movement—vote aff to let us be public
Queer Nation ‘90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html)//gingE
¶ An Army of … we march naked.

Maybe instead, you should listen to the anger of queerness
Queer Nation 90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html//RC)

Let Yourself Be … up and listen.

We are willing to give our deaths for our cause which causes every system of domination to collapse
Baudrillard, 6 – Not dead yet  - Not dead yet (Jean, “THE PYRES OF AUTUMN”, January-February 2006, New Left Review. Vol. 37)eek

Fifteen hundred cars … nowhere in sight.

Tournament: Berkeley | Round: 1 | Opponent: St Vincent de Paul | Judge: Haley Clawson
I may be fabulous but the world that I live in is anything but fabulous. Everywhere I walk I wonder whether or not another fist will be thrown in my face. I have been forced to navigate through every interaction that I have, whether or not it will be ok for me to embrace my queerness or not. Will I be a fag? The fairy? The token gay? THERE IS NO PLACE FOR QUEERS. There is no place for queers. There is no hope for a future. For us, there is only violence and death.
The Mary Nardini gang explains what the anti-queer world looks like and how queer bodies are forced to encounter violence in every part of their lives … 

A fag is bashed because … become a problem for¶ the Totality.

These are not isolated events of violence particular to things that are outside of debate. We experience violence in every part of our lives.
Camila was told to sit down and shut up for being queer at Blake. She’s been told that SHE’S NOT ALLOWED TO BE QUEER because she has a boyfriend.
Assuming that we can divorce ourselves from external violence comes from a position of privilege, which is an assimilation strategy that assumes a position of neutrality, that ensures queers will never be included into ANYTHING.
A strategy that stabilizes a world that is anti-queer allows for assimilation strategies that allows “good white gays and lesbians” to be part of a larger power structure of capitalism, patriarchy, and heteronormativity that is violent against difference. The only strategy is a total conflict with the totality.
Mary Nardini gang (criminal queers from Milwaukee, Wisconsin “toward the queerest insurrection”RC) 

In the discourse of queer, … This is our¶ history.
A member of Queer Nation tells us about the footnoting of queer issues in academic spaces …
Queer Nation 90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html//RC)
I hate that in twelve years … successfully integrated into society
We don’t want to assimilate – we embrace queerness as a radical act of defiance. A member of Queer Nation tells us that …
Queer Nation 90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html//RC)
I hate having to convince … "Boy, you're bitter."
The targeted violence and killings of queers result in omnicide
Sedgwick ‘8 (Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, 2008 The Epistemology of the Closet)gingE
From at least the biblical story of … ones be opened and opened and opened?
Vote affirmative to let us be public
Queer Nation ‘90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html)//gingE
¶ An Army of Lovers Cannot Lose¶  … Next year, we march naked.
Thus, Camila and I affirm the failure of the debate community to recognize the necessity of radical and critical strategies of resistance such as queerness as necessary for effective politics.
When facing a world of crisis we should embrace failure
Halberstam 12 (J. Jack cultural critic, a transgender theorist, and an activist  Professor of American Studies and Ethnicity, Gender Studies and Comparative Literature at the University of Southern California. “Gaga Feminism Sex, Gender, and the End of Normal” 2012 RC)

Welcome to the gagapocalypse! … awareness of the end of “normal¶ life.”

Maybe instead, you should listen to the anger of queerness
Queer Nation 90 (THE QUEER NATION MANIFESTO Text of a manifesto originally passed out by people marching with the ACT UP contingent in the New York Gay Pride Day parade, 1990. http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/queernation.html//RC)

Let Yourself Be Angry ? ?… tell them to shut up and listen.

Tournament: Copper Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Juan Diego LZ | Judge: Khalid Sharif
Contention One: The Ontic
The US approach toward Cuba is a dual track of pity and Ontological security.  America remains terrified of the specter of communism and its challenge to US exceptionalism that the revolution presents but still pretends to be kind to the citizens of Cuba.  Policies such the embargo and the terror list are meant to pacify the threat that the Cuban government represents to the US regime of ontological security while still allowing food and medical aid toward the pitiable Cubans so it can retain a guise of moral superiority.
McNeil, 12 (Calum,“Ontological Security and Emotion in US-Cuba Relations,” http://citation.allacademic.com//meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/4/9/8/9/5/pages498959/p498959-17.php)//eek

Sympathy and empathy are ... and people in this maladaptive and emotionally wrought relationship.
While uncertainty and a lack of control are inevitable, the quest for ontological security has become a will-to-will that admits no questioning and organizes all of politics into a reproduction of the same treating everything as a resource to in the standing reserve to be called into the fight against insecurity. This global enframing NECESSITATES populations such as Cubans fall OUTSIDE of its attempt at creating global order.  
Mitchell ‘5 Andrew J., Ph.D. Philosophy, Stanford University, “Heidegger and Terrorism”, Research in Phenomenology, Volume 35, Number 1, 2005 , pp. 181-218(38)

There can be no security. ... do not die, they perish.
The war for ontological security has become a will-to-will with no justification outside of itself.  It suppresses the uncertainty and terror of being.  To truly be we must be terrorized.
Mitchell ‘5 Andrew J., Ph.D. Philosophy, Stanford University, “Heidegger and Terrorism”, Research in Phenomenology, Volume 35, Number 1, 2005 , pp. 181-218(38)

These three points of war equally determine ... peace; beings have become uncommon.

The ontological devastation brought about by the incessant drive to annihilate terror leads to an “unworld” that is worse than death
Mitchell, ’05. ANDREW J. MITCHELL, Associate Professor of Philosophy at Emory University. “HEIDEGGER AND TERRORISM.” http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/brill/rip/2005/00000035/00000001/art00010?crawler=true – clawan
Devastation (Verwu?stung) ... being itself is what terrorizes. Terror is the threat of being.

Contention Two: The Onto
This act of contemplation in the face of ontological security is one that ruptures the dominant political regime in favor of opening to the possibilities of being itself. Only such a resolute stance can confront the regime of ontological security.
Zingale and Hummel, ‘8 (Nicholas, teaches environmental finance, corporate change, and public policy and administration at Cleveland State University and the University of Akron, and Ralph, Institute for Applied Phenomenology in Science and Technology, “Disturbance, Coping, and Innovation: A Phenomenology of Terror”, Administrative Theory and Praxis, Vol. 30, No. 2)

Contemplation, ...world from a more fundamental ontological level than do the conventional social sciences.

Furthermore, we must terrorize thinking itself in order to open political possibilies beyond status quo positivism
Mitchell ‘5 Andrew J., Ph.D. Philosophy, Stanford University, “Heidegger and Terrorism”, Research in Phenomenology, Volume 35, Number 1, 2005 , pp. 181-218(38)

Insofar as it is ... not too obstinately squelch them.

The metaphysics of terror key to understanding being – Rejects capital T truths
Ugilt ’12 (Rasmus Ugilt,  Rasmus Ugilt is Assistant Professor in the Department of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, Denmark “The Metaphsyics of Terror: The Incoherent System of Contemporary Politics” google books JG)
The crucial metaphysical point that is ... excesses which emerge in¶ this regard.

Your ballot can be a political tool to refuse the logic of status quo policy toward Cuba. This act of political refusal ruptures hegemonic forms of thought and allows for agency in the face of impossibility.
Burke ‘2 Anthony, Senior Lecturer in IR at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, “Aporias of Security,” Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27.1 page InfoTrac OneFile
It is perhaps easy ... might be.  

Finally, hegemonic forms of thought are the LARGEST proximate cause of macro-level violence
Burke ‘7 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, Muse)

My argument here, whilst normatively ... perpetuate or help to end the global rule of insecurity and violence? Will our thought? 

We must move away from Heidegger’s conception of Being
Bleiker 2k (Popular Dissent, Human Agency and Global Politics, pg. 210-1)gingE
¶ While providing compelling ... societal values are gradually transformed, preparing the ground for more open manifestations of dissent.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 6 | Opponent: Interlake SM | Judge: Abhi Singh
This K takes the judge’s agency away because the judge no longer has a role in the debate. They shouldn’t be a passive bystanders. Lack of agency leads to domination- we must have agency prevent the domination of the queer body
Bleiker 2k (Popular Dissent, Human Agency and Global Politics, pg. 210-1)gingE
¶ While providing compelling evidence of subtle forms of domination, a ... that societal values are gradually transformed, preparing the ground for more open manifestations of dissent.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 6 | Opponent: Interlake SM | Judge: Abhi Singh
The affirmative solves. When we risk our lives for a cause, we give the system death which causes is to collapse in on itself.
Baudrillard, 6 – Not dead yet  - Not dead yet (Jean, “THE PYRES OF AUTUMN”, January-February 2006, New Left Review. Vol. 37)eek

Fifteen hundred cars burned on a single night ... these are successive phases of a revolt whose end is nowhere in sight.
We are disidentification, which embraces the fluidity of power structures which is necessary to your alt—at the very least it’s terminal defense- THEIR AUTHOR
Muñoz ’99 (Jose Esteban Munoz Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics 1999)gingE
If the terms ... quickly as power does within discourse.
We solve by collapsing dominant ideologies
Muñoz ’99 (Jose Esteban Munoz Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics 1999)gingE
Pecheux built on this theory by describing the ... always laboring to enact permanent structural change while at me same time valuing the importance of local or everyday struggles o fresistance.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harker RL | Judge: Jeremy Hammond
g. Consensus DA-Their framework establishes debate as a police order.  This attempt to build a politics out of consensus is doomed to failure.  Consensus destroys the potentiality of politics and silences the voices of the marginal.- and perpetuates violence against the queer
Cachopo, 13 – Ph.D. in Philosophy from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Theoria and Praxis (João, “Disagreeing before acting: The paradoxes of critique and politics from Adorno to Rancière”, Volume 1, Issue 1)eek
II. Politics versus police in a transcendental mood ... is to say, to make both theory and praxis obey a pre-given schematization of the way in which they should be bound together.
h. Roleplaying teaches debaters a false sense of superiority and obliviousness to the reality of the state turning us into simulacra of our former selves resulting in ressentiment and conformity that opens the way for violence and tyranny
Antonio, 95 (Nietzsche's Antisociology: Subjectified Culture and the End of History  American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 101, No. 1 (Jul., 1995), pp. 1-43)Loyola

The "problem of the actor," ..., 168; 1974, pp. 117-18, 213, 288-89, 303-4).
i. Their interpretation externalizes agency and creates a mental deputy politics – this internal link turns their decision-making impact.
Kappeler 95 (Susanne now works as a freelance writer and teaches in England and Germany. She is also the author of The Pornography of Representation, The Will to Violence, ISBN 9780745613055, pgs 9-11)

War does not suddenly break out in a peaceful ... war and violence.

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 6 | Opponent: Gulliver Prep CT | Judge: Matea Ivanovic
Framework
Consensus DA-Their framework establishes debate as a police order.  This attempt to build a politics out of consensus is doomed to failure.  Consensus destroys the potentiality of politics and silences the voices of the marginal.  Disagreement and disunity about the politics and the topic is a prerequisite to both.
Cachopo, 13 – Ph.D. in Philosophy from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Theoria and Praxis (João, “Disagreeing before acting: The paradoxes of critique and politics from Adorno to Rancière”, Volume 1, Issue 1)eek
II. Politics versus police in a transcendental mood ... politics and critique, that is to say, to make both theory and praxis obey a pre-given schematization of the way in which they should be bound together.

Innovation DA – Debate is dying from a lack of creativity and new ideas. The compulsion to act, the reliance on jargon, and the desire to exclude all doom the psyche. You should vote for the team that encourages more ideas.
Hillman 1990 (James, has written dozens of critically acclaimed books, received his PhD from the University of Zurich, and is a retired Director of the Jung Institute, “A Blue Fire”, a blue fire, Routledge; 1 edition p. 52)-mikee

There seems to be nothing more astounding in ... envision- ing and enacting our lives.
A2: Policy Education Good
We’re more political- the only political tool we have is our own thoughts and actions – we need to answer the question ‘what should we do?’ instead of ‘what should they do?’
Kappeler 95 (Susanne now works as a freelance writer and teaches in England and Germany. She is also the author of The Pornography of Representation, The Will to Violence, ISBN 9780745613055, pgs 18-19)

The question which poses itself, ... to satisfy our aspirations for political action and change, why don 't we do it anyway, for a start.'
Generic K block
Hatred of war can never solve – the use of love and non-violence gloss over reality and make us passive bystanders who are unable to enact real change
Hillman 04 (James, retired Director of the Jung Institute, “A Terrible Love of War”, The Penguin Press, ISBN 1-59420-011-4, pgs 210-211)
We might assume that recoil from war's devastation, ... This is hardly Aphrodite and Venus: for them love is the beginning of trouble, the necessary delusion that keeps one from seeing what's coming. 

5. Attempts to solve war have always failed because war is engrained in every human being – every plan to end war has merely witnessed a new generation of battles and deaths
Hillman 04 (James, retired Director of the Jung Institute, “A Terrible Love of War”, The Penguin Press, ISBN 1-59420-011-4, pg 208)

Though we cannot stop war, ... war's ferocious momentum has run down in the sands of time.

There is no root cause of war – it’s a collective force that we must imagine
Hillman 04 (James, retired Director of the Jung Institute, “A Terrible Love of War”, The Penguin Press, ISBN 1-59420-011-4, pgs 6-7)
War demands a leap of imagination ...f scientific objectivity.

Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 2 | Opponent: SVDP YM | Judge: Cade Cottrell
K
Our ontological approach is absolutely necessary to overcome the root cause of the k
Eldred ‘3 (michael, doctor of philosophy univ of sydney, "capital and technology: marx and heidegger" http://www.arte-fact.org/capiteen.html

Can, in parallel to this, ... 'people's real lives' which 'doesn't get us anywhere'.
Perm do both reform is key
Shannon Sullivan, ‘8, Penn State University Charles S. Peirce Society. Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society. Buffalo: 2008. Vol. 44, Iss. 2; pg. 236, 27 pgs)

It is commonly acknowledged today, ... in practice. 

Intersecting forms of racial, gendered, and heteronormative oppression are actualized through technological reduction of identity to binaries—Only the ontological criticism of the affirmative can sever these binary mode of being that solidifies material hierarchies of oppression.
Manning, ‘9 (Elizabeth, U of Victoria, “Queerly Disrupting Methodology”, http://www.kvinfo.su.se/femmet09/papers/pdf/Manning.pdf) JG
Modernist ontology ... but to examine the moments of Otherness, the strange, the deviant, the disorientation.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harker RL | Judge: Jeremy Hammond
This K takes the judge’s agency away because the judge no longer has a role in the debate. They shouldn’t be a passive bystanders. Lack of agency leads to domination- we must have agency prevent the domination of the queer body
Bleiker 2k (Popular Dissent, Human Agency and Global Politics, pg. 210-1)gingE
¶ While providing compelling evidence of ... laughing, gossiping, singing, dwelling, shopping or cooking. It i

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 4 | Opponent: Pinecrest GJ | Judge: Janelle Delgadillo
The root cause of racial oppression is structuring things in terms of utility. However, queerness is oppositional to utility because queers are seen as the unwanted excess that don’t reproduce, means we solve all of your impacts better than you do
Winnubst, 6 – Prof of Gender and Sexuality studies at Ohio State (Shannon, “Queering Freedom” Bloomington, Indiana university Press, pg. 162-163)eek

Utility writes itself into our bodies ... usefulness to ensure their lives of luxury.

You are a counter-identification which posits the system as central. We are disidentification, which embraces the fluidity of power structures which is necessary to your alt—at the very least it’s terminal defense
Muñoz ’99 (Jose Esteban Munoz Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics 1999)gingE
If the terms identification ... as quickly as power does within discourse.
Counter identification reifies dominant ideologies
Muñoz ’99 (Jose Esteban Munoz Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics 1999)gingE
Pecheux built on this theory by describing the ..., always laboring to enact permanent structural change while at me same time valuing the importance of local or everyday struggles o fresistance.
Race theory reifies racial dichotomies and means the aff is never able to solve
Seshadri-Crooks 2k (English, Umass, 2000 Kalpana, Desiring Whiteness)gingE
The rationale of racial ...e dialectic: the race for Whiteness.
Dichotomizing discourse, whether it’s described as poles along which identities might fall or simply oppositional racial structures, produces an anti-political reification of structures of dominance and a ressentiment towards impossibly strong systems of domination
Newman ’11 (Saul, Professor of Political Theory – University of London – Goldsmiths, FROM BAKUNIN TO LACAN: Anti-authoritarianism and the dislocation of power, pg. 170-173/)gingE
Moreover, the idea of singularity works ... ethical task of the anti-authoritarian¶ project.
Intersecting forms of racial, gendered, and heteronormative oppression are actualized through technological reduction of identity to binaries—Only the ontological criticism of the affirmative can sever these binary mode of being that solidifies material hierarchies of oppression.
Manning, ‘9 (Elizabeth, U of Victoria, “Queerly Disrupting Methodology”, http://www.kvinfo.su.se/femmet09/papers/pdf/Manning.pdf) JG
Modernist ontology permeates ..., the deviant, the disorientation.
The oppressed will become oppressors – every revolution ends and aims for a transition to power – the newly un-oppressed impose their own form of unjust justice – turns case
Gur-Ze’ev 5 (Ilan Gur-Ze’ev; Proffessor in education at the University of Haifa in Israel and a diasporic philosopher; “ADORNO AND HORKHEIMER: DIASPORIC PHILOSOPHY, NEGATIVE THEOLOGY, AND COUNTER-EDUCATION”; Written 2005; ‘Educational Theory’ Volume 55 Number 3; http://construct.haifa.ac.il/~ilangz/critical-pedagogy-critical-theory.pdf; Accessed December 21, 2012)

In their later work Adorno and Horkheimer came to ... implies a beginning of the process of dissolution.”

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 2 | Opponent: Juan Diego AL | Judge: Eisenstadt
T
2.  Counter interpretation- Increasing immigration is economic engagement
Helen V. Milner and Dustin Tingley, Profs @ Princeton, 2011, “The Economic and Political Influences on Different Dimensions of United States Immigration Policy,” Princeton, http://www.princeton.edu/~hmilner/working20papers/The20Economic20and20Political20Influences20on20Different20Dimensions20of20United20States20Immigration20Policy.pdf
Our overall contributions to the literature are threefold. First, we highlight how widely
AND
1997; Milner and Tingley, 2011; Scheve and Slaughter, 2001b).
 Immigration reform with Mexico is economic engagement
US Chamber of Commerce, 2013, “The U.S.-Mexico Leadership Initiative Vision 2020: Enhancing the U.S.-Mexico Economic Partnership,” http://www.uschamber.com/international/americas/us-mexico-leadership-initiative-vision-2020-enhancing-us-mexico-economic-par
The U.S.-Mexico relationship has reached a critical moment.  The North
AND
the relationship a global model for bilateral best practices by the year 2020.
PTX
Budget talks thump-Obama’s prioritizing the budget
Business Standard, 10/17/13. Business Standard is India’s leading business daily. “Obama calls for immigration reform.” http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/obama-calls-for-immigration-reform-113101701061_1.html – clawan
US President Barack Obama today called for a comprehensive immigration reform and listed this as
AND
the American people. And that's just the big stuff," he said.
The link is non-unique- Obama is already pushing immigration
Shifter, 13 (Michael, President of the Inter-American Dialogue, February 2013,
“A More Ambitious Agenda,” http://www.thedialogue.org/PublicationFiles/IAD9042_USMexicoReportEnglishFinal.pdf) CRG
Second, practical approaches are needed to manage the complex issues related to immigration.
AND
the White House with good prospects for majority support in the US Congress  

Nothing will pass – Gridlock, thumpers (farm bill, immigration, debt ceiling, jobs, deficit reduction)
Alpert 9/6 (Bruce, writer NOLA.com “Optimism in short supply as gridlocked Congress returns to DC” http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/09/optimism_in_short_supply_as_gr.html, 2013JG)
WASHINGTON - Congress returns to the Capitol Monday after a five-week summer recess
AND
the bill is unacceptable to many conservatives on his House Republican Study Committee.

Nothing will pass – Republican in fighting
Alpert 9/6 (Bruce, writer NOLA.com “Optimism in short supply as gridlocked Congress returns to DC” http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2013/09/optimism_in_short_supply_as_gr.html, 2013JG)
Some of the battles won't be between Democrats and Republicans, but within the GOP
AND
be blamed for a government shutdown and punished in next year's congressional elections.

Neoliberalism K
c) Their framework arguments are wrong-neoliberalism isn’t omniscient and everything isn’t co-opted.
Franks, Glasgow political philosophy lecturer, 2007
(Benjamin, “Who Are You to tell me to Question Authority?”, Variant issue 29, http://www.variant.org.uk/29texts/Franks29.html)

Potentially stronger criticisms of Giroux’s text lie precisely in his underlying hypothesis concerning the totalising
AND
or fails to measure up to the ‘educators’ standard of critical evaluation.
Neolib solves warming-allows the greatest adaptive capacity and improves human wellbeing that overwhelms negative effects.
Goklany, Assistant Director for Science and Technology Policy, 2007
(Indur, “IS A RICHER-BUT-WARMER WORLD BETTER THAN POORER-BUT-COOLER WORLDS?”, http://www.ce.cmu.edu/~gdrg/readings/2006/02/14/Goklany_160.pdf)

Table 10 indicates that notwithstanding gross inflation of the adverse impacts of climate change,
AND
that might be exacerbated by climate change (Goklany, 2005, 2007a).
Cross apply Burke-Global warming leads to extinction
Neoliberalism is inevitable and sustainable
Peck 2—Canada Research Chair in Urban and Regional Political Economy and Professor of Geography, University of British Columbia. Former Honourary Professorial Fellow, School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester. PhD in Geography. AND—Adam Tickell—Professor of Geography, University of Bristol. PhD (Jamie, Neoliberalizing space,  Antipode 34 (3): 380-404, AMiles)

In many respects, it would be tempting to conclude with a Ideological reading of
AND
apolitical) neoliberalization, revealing its real character, scope, and consequences.
Plan solves slavery in AG by giving workers freedom to leave and decreases AG power over them
Ozimek 2013, January 29, Adam Ozimek : Reporter for Forbes, “How to Improve Immigrant Visas”, http://www.forbes.com/sites/modeledbehavior/2013/01/29/how-to-improve-immigrant-visas/
This analysis by Cassidy and other commentators neglects to consider there is an important problem
AND
the more permanent rents arising from firms bargaining power over work visa holders.
Dehumanization is a d rule – key to understanding the plight of the exploited
OSCE 10 (Organization for Security and Co-operation, “COMBATING TRAFFICKING AS MODERN-DAY SLAVERY: A MATTER OF RIGHTS, FREEDOMS AND SECURITY”, OSCE, 2010, http://www.osce.org/cthb/74730)

In conclusion, there is no doubt that the OSCE participating States have a decisive
AND
and first challenge is to protect their rights, freedoms and human dignity. 

*Security K
Their alternative and framework fails – it totalizes, condemns communities to live with insecurity, and cedes the political. Critical resistance will not challenge the worst forms of securitization. (This card references all of your K authors)
Nunes, ’12 (João, Research Fellow at the Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, UK. “Reclaiming the political: Emancipation and critique in security studies” Security Dialogue, August, vol. 43 no. 4 345-361)-mikee
This take on critique has impacted upon the way in which politicization is pursued by
AND
to address these limitations, the next section revisits emancipatory understandings of security.

Threats are real and scenario building is the only way to avoid the harmful kinds of securitization – security itself cannot be deconstructed.
Weaver 2k (Ole international relations theory and the politics of European integration, p. 284-285, JT)

The other main possibility is to stress' responsibility. Particularly in a field like security
AND
that could lead to security dilemmas and escalations, violence and mutual vilification.

The alternative to realism is an idealism that results in morally grounded intervention- this inevitably leads to genocide and instability
Bacevich 5
Andrew J. Bacevich is a professor of international relations at Boston University, Boston Globe, 11-6-05, http://www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2005/11/06/the_realist_persuasion/?page=1
In fact, when it comes to moral issues, realism has gotten a bum
AND
-gooder record of achievement, realism just might deserve a second look.

The net benefit to the perm is that the affirmative leaves space to embrace war.
Hillman 04 (James, retired Director of the Jung Institute, “A Terrible Love of War”, The Penguin Press, ISBN 1-59420-011-4, pgs 1-3)
One sentence in one scene from one film, Patton, sums up what this
AND
theology of war's deepest mind. That is the purpose of this book.

Threats are real – trying to “abolish” them through reconceptualization fails – we need to find credible solutions to them instead
Knudsen 1 (Olav F., Soderton University College, Huddinge, Sweden, “Post-Copenhagen Security Studies: Desecuritizing Securitization”, jstor, accessed 7/5/12)AMV
This discounting of the objective aspect of threats shifts security studies to insignificant concerns.
AND
instance), not least to find adequate democratic procedures for dealing with them. 

Consult Brazil
US-Mexico relations are at a crossroads – US engagement over immigration is key to bolster cooperation on other issues
Shifter 13 (Michael, Michael is an Adjunct Professor of Latin American Studies at
AND
longterm growth and job creation, and set the stage for further economic integration
Links to more to politics - causes GOP backlash
Patrick 1 (Stewart—research associate at the Center on International Cooperation at New York University, and a 2001-02 international affairs fellow of the Council on Foreign Relations, World Policy Journal, Sept. 22)
The administration, for its part, disavows the label, advancing the more comforting
AND
policy philosophy, walking away from a number of international treaties and commitments.
Brazil says no- Mexico specific – competing economies
Leff 6/19/12 Alex Leff,  the Americas editor for GlobalPost, moving back to the US after being its Costa Rica correspondent since the website's inception. Alex was also Costa Rica stringer for Reuters. Previously the Tico Times online editor, Alex also contributed to such publications as Miami Herald, Voice of San Diego and Americas Quarterly as well as appeared as commentator on BBC radio and CBC television, “Mexico vs Brazil: Who’s winning?”, http://www.globalpost.com/dispatches/globalpost-blogs/chatter/mexico-vs-brazil-brics-emerging-economies-g20, PS
Off the field, though, the countries are jockeying to outdo one another as
AND
, computers and appliances, replacing some Chinese imports in the United States.”¶ 

Binding consultation crushes U.S. hegemony
Carroll ‘9 (James FF, Notes and Comments Editor – Emory International Law Review, J.D. with Honors – Emory University School of Law, “Back to the Future: Redefining the Foreign Investment and National Security Act's Conception of National Security”, Emory International Law Review, 23 Emory Int'l L. Rev. 167, Lexis)

n221. See Thomas Friedman, Op-Ed., 9/11 is Over
AND
al. eds., 1992). See also Khalilzad, supra note 177.

Tournament: Alta | Round: 4 | Opponent: Desert Vista ZR | Judge: Elise Conklin
T

1. We meet- Guest worker logistics require implementation dialogue with the Mexican government
   Edwards 1
   (James R, is an Adjunct Fellow with Hudson Institute, “Help Mexico, but Don't Hurt U.S.” April 26, pg online at http://rs.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_detailsandid=839//sd)
   Mexican and American officials met .. Mexico now is second only to Canada as America's biggest trading partner.
   2. Counter-interpretation: economic engagement includes political engagement—most predictable.
   Niblock 10 — Tim Niblock, Director of the Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies at the University of Exeter, former Director of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Durham, 2010 (“China's Growing Involvement in the Gulf: The Geopolitical Significance,” Multidimensional Diplomacy of Contemporary China, Edited by Simon Shen and Jean-Marc F. Blanchard, ...the underlying presumption to be sustained.
    Counter interpretation: “Toward” does not require engagement “in” or “on” the target country
   Holcomb 95 – Charles R. Holcomb, Judge on the Texas Court of Appeals, “Gary Carlton Camp, Appellant v. The State of Texas, Appellee”, 925 S.W.2d 26; 1995 Tex. App. LEXIS 2769, 10-30, Lexis

Because the indictment alleged that the appellant pointed a ... a general area, rather than specific point where an action occurs and is equivalent to "toward."
Not FX T our advantages are predicated off of the action of the plan. Policy changes work too in order to engage in them.
 AND “Toward” allows FX --- requires assessment of result
AHD 13 – American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, “Toward”, http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/toward

PREPOSITION:... efforts toward peace.
Mexican politics
PEMEX reform thumps the link
Martin and Cattan 7/18- staff writers at Bloomberg, (Eric and Nacha, “Mexico’s PAN to Push Own Bill Opening Pemex Ahead of Pena Nieto”, 7/18/13, Bloomberg, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-07-18/mexico-s-pan-to-push-own-bill-opening-pemex-ahead-of-pena-nieto.html, CJD)
Mexico’s opposition National Action Party plans to present ... the third member in the Pact for party should “strongly” oppose Pena Nieto’s oil plan.
PC low now- close election wrecked Nieto’s first term momentum
Wilkinson and Ellingwood 7/02- staff writers at LA times, (Tracy and Ken, “Mexico President-elect Peña Nieto's win is weaker than expected”, LA times, 7/02/13, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/jul/02/world/la-fg-mexico-election-analysis-20120703, CJD)
MEXICO CITY — Mexico's Institutional Revolutionary Party is ... sources of this deep, stubborn lack of confidence are, in the end, healthy and necessary."

K
c) Our framework solves your offense – fiat is role-playing and a type of legislative theatre that breaks down citizenship categories while maintaining the benefits of collective action.
Howe ‘9 (Kelly, “Embodied Think Thanks: Practicing Citizenship through Legislative Theatre,” Text and Performance Quarterly Vol. 29, No. 3, July 2009, pp. 239-257)

Headlines went to elaborate lengths to cultivate a dynamic model of ... on doing legislative theatre more and more.
Withdrawing from technology leads to extinction—it's better to turn technology against its ecologically destructive uses
Zimmerman 89 – Philosophy Professor, Tulane (Michael, Introduction To Deep Ecology, http://www.context.org/ICLIB/IC22/Zimmrman.htm
A critique I hear often is that deep .... in IC #21. There's a necessity for new technology. The question is, can it be made consistent with our growing awareness that the planet is really hurting?
Calculation and technical control is key to preserving life and an ethical obligation to the other
Campbell 99 -David Campbell, Professor of International Politics, University of Newcastle, 1999 (Moral Spaces: Rethinking Ethics and World Politics) p. 56

104. Ibid., 76-79. Levinas has also argued ...Kearney and Levinas, "Dialogue with Emmanuel Levinas," 28.

Pure ontological focus precludes politics – leads to endless questioning and inaction
Wolin 90 – Professor of European History
Richard Wolin, Professor of Modern European Intellectual History at Rice, 1990, The Politics of Being, pg. 117-118
Moreover, as Harries indicates, Heidegger's theory of the state as a ...he inner logic of politics as an independent sphere of human action. 

Technophobia conflates societal and scientific thought, destroying any hope of progress and objectivity. Technology isn’t the problem; rather it is how humans use technology. The K doesn’t solve.
Barton and Bookchin 3 (Time, activist/writer@BlueGreen Earth, Murray, founder of Social Ecology, http://www.bluegreenearth.us/archive/reviews/2003a/bookchin1.html, JT)

But the basic assumption all of these ... National Socialist state" (p170).

?
CP
Perm do both
Condo
DEFORESTATION INCREASES CARBON SINKS 150
VAIL DAILY 5/30/2008
“Study touts benefits of logging forests” online @ http://www.vaildaily.com/article/20080530/NEWS/441117499/-1/rss02 ,loghry

If accumulations of carbon dioxide ... company’s research and monitoring managers.

Forests cause global warming, deal with it.
Sean PAIGE 5/28/2001
“Waste and Abuse” Insight on the News, Vol. 17, May 28, 2001loghry

And Now a World About the Benefits of Deforestation
Cutting down trees has received a bad rap in ... square this new data with the melted-mozzarella theory.

Recognizing that deforestation has both costs and benefits is the first step towards lasting environmental protection
Lykke E. ANDERSON ET. AL (Ph.D. in Economics, University of Aarhus, Denmark) 2002
The Dynamics of Deforestation and Economic Growth in the Brazilian Amazon coauthors Clive W. J. Granger (University of California, San Diego, Ph.D.in Economics) Eustáquio J. Reis (Ph.D.) Diana Weinhold (Ph.D.) Sven Wunder (J. E. M.) p.8-9loghry

This book belongs to and complements this “new generation” ...ment so needed in the South.

Tournament: Berkeley | Round: 1 | Opponent: St Vincent de Paul | Judge: Haley Clawson
Added FW card
Training models of education enforce the privatization of violence for an abstract future that may never come, rather than the here and now of our lives. Makes us bad policy makers and ethical beings.
Roger Mourad(Phd, post structural theorist of education)  Teachers College Record, v103 n5 p739-59 Oct 2001 14-18
The idea that the ... and practice.

“Latin America” Kritik
The term “Latin America” is violent – It homogenizes an entire region and washes over cultural difference of native peoples in favor of European imperialism and should be rejected
Mabry ‘2 (Donald J. Professor of History Mississippi State University “Colonial Latin America” pp.iv-v http://historicaltextarchive.com/latin/colonial.pdf November 1, 2002) BSH

Colonial Latin America, ...Mexico. We do not have to look very hard in this part of the world to find other examples.

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 4 | Opponent: College Prep FP | Judge: Kezios
Case
Capitalism is not monolithic—attempts at absolutist rejection fail. Instead, we should endorse critical interrogation like the affirmative to produce the most effective method for combatting it
Gibson-Graham 06 – J.K., pen name shared by feminist economic geographers Julie Graham and Katherine Gibson (“The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It): A Feminist Critique of Political Economy”, pg 2-5)

The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It) .... A long shot perhaps but one worth pursuing. 

Framework
Commonality- Their Framework’s attempt to enforce a common linguistic interpretation of the topic is hostile to difference and destroys the community, instead of a participatory activity defined by its ability to include multiple kinds of people, debate becomes a dead vehicle for exclusions and the oppression of minorities
Secomb 2k (Linnell, a lecturer in Gender Studies at the University of Sydney, “Fractured Community,” Hypatia – Volume 15, Number 2, Spring, p. 133-134) 

The desire for a community founded ...the heterogeneity, surprise, and generosity of social relation.

Policy failure- political strategies cannot solve otherization-  Their thought experiment is consistent with the failure of sovereignty-based solutions to the other that ultimately securitize the other.
Foucault, 80. (Michel, French Theorist, "Question of Method," Published in Michel Foucault: Power ed. James D, Faubion, p.235-236)
But paralysis isn't the same thing as anesthesia-... critique has been played out in the real, not when reformers have realized their ideas.
Agency DA- Their interpretation is incapable of questioning the broader structures that drive policymakers to war. That limits the scope of policy and defers responsibility for action, which means their “education” is bad.
Burke, Professor of Politics and International Relations in the University of New South Wales 2007 Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence, and Reason”, Theory and Event, vol. 10.2
My argument here, whilst normatively sympathetic to Kant's moral ...of existence, security and action. 

Consensus DA-Their framework establishes debate as a police order.  This attempt to build a politics out of consensus is doomed to failure.  Consensus destroys the potentiality of politics and silences the voices of the marginal.  Disagreement and disunity about the politics and the topic is a prerequisite to both.
Cachopo, 13 – Ph.D. in Philosophy from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Theoria and Praxis (João, “Disagreeing before acting: The paradoxes of critique and politics from Adorno to Rancière”, Volume 1, Issue 1)eek
II. Politics versus police in a transcendental mood ... that is to say, to make both theory and praxis obey a pre-given schematization of the way in which they should be bound together.

T
 counter interpretation- Increasing immigration is economic engagement
Helen V. Milner and Dustin Tingley, Profs @ Princeton, 2011, “The Economic and Political Influences on Different Dimensions of United States Immigration Policy,” Princeton, http://www.princeton.edu/~hmilner/working20papers/The20Economic20and20Political20Influences20on20Different20Dimensions20of20United20States20Immigration20Policy.pdf
Our overall contributions to the literature are threefold. First, we highlight how widely
the substantive content of legislation that is called “immigration policy” varies and thus point out
the risk of obscuring important differences across policies if ..., 2006; Huber and Espenshade, 1997;
Milner and Tingley, 2011; Scheve and Slaughter, 2001b).

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 4 | Opponent: College Prep FP | Judge: Kezios
Case
Capitalism is not monolithic—attempts at absolutist rejection fail. Instead, we should endorse critical interrogation like the affirmative to produce the most effective method for combatting it
Gibson-Graham 06 – J.K., pen name shared by feminist economic geographers Julie Graham and Katherine Gibson (“The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It): A Feminist Critique of Political Economy”, pg 2-5)

The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It) .... A long shot perhaps but one worth pursuing. 

Framework
Commonality- Their Framework’s attempt to enforce a common linguistic interpretation of the topic is hostile to difference and destroys the community, instead of a participatory activity defined by its ability to include multiple kinds of people, debate becomes a dead vehicle for exclusions and the oppression of minorities
Secomb 2k (Linnell, a lecturer in Gender Studies at the University of Sydney, “Fractured Community,” Hypatia – Volume 15, Number 2, Spring, p. 133-134) 

The desire for a community founded ...the heterogeneity, surprise, and generosity of social relation.

Policy failure- political strategies cannot solve otherization-  Their thought experiment is consistent with the failure of sovereignty-based solutions to the other that ultimately securitize the other.
Foucault, 80. (Michel, French Theorist, "Question of Method," Published in Michel Foucault: Power ed. James D, Faubion, p.235-236)
But paralysis isn't the same thing as anesthesia-... critique has been played out in the real, not when reformers have realized their ideas.
Agency DA- Their interpretation is incapable of questioning the broader structures that drive policymakers to war. That limits the scope of policy and defers responsibility for action, which means their “education” is bad.
Burke, Professor of Politics and International Relations in the University of New South Wales 2007 Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence, and Reason”, Theory and Event, vol. 10.2
My argument here, whilst normatively sympathetic to Kant's moral ...of existence, security and action. 

Consensus DA-Their framework establishes debate as a police order.  This attempt to build a politics out of consensus is doomed to failure.  Consensus destroys the potentiality of politics and silences the voices of the marginal.  Disagreement and disunity about the politics and the topic is a prerequisite to both.
Cachopo, 13 – Ph.D. in Philosophy from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Theoria and Praxis (João, “Disagreeing before acting: The paradoxes of critique and politics from Adorno to Rancière”, Volume 1, Issue 1)eek
II. Politics versus police in a transcendental mood ... that is to say, to make both theory and praxis obey a pre-given schematization of the way in which they should be bound together.

T
 counter interpretation- Increasing immigration is economic engagement
Helen V. Milner and Dustin Tingley, Profs @ Princeton, 2011, “The Economic and Political Influences on Different Dimensions of United States Immigration Policy,” Princeton, http://www.princeton.edu/~hmilner/working20papers/The20Economic20and20Political20Influences20on20Different20Dimensions20of20United20States20Immigration20Policy.pdf
Our overall contributions to the literature are threefold. First, we highlight how widely
the substantive content of legislation that is called “immigration policy” varies and thus point out
the risk of obscuring important differences across policies if ..., 2006; Huber and Espenshade, 1997;
Milner and Tingley, 2011; Scheve and Slaughter, 2001b).

Tournament: NDCA | Round: 3 | Opponent: St Marks JM | Judge: D Heidt

1. Consensus DA-Their framework establishes debate as a police order.  This attempt to build a politics out of consensus is doomed to failure.  Consensus destroys the potentiality of politics and silences the voices of the marginal.  Disagreement and disunity about the politics and the topic is a prerequisite to both.
   Cachopo, 13 – Ph.D. in Philosophy from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Theoria and Praxis (João, “Disagreeing before acting: The paradoxes of critique and politics from Adorno to Rancière”, Volume 1, Issue 1)eek
   II. Politics versus police in a transcendental mood To begin with, ... which they should be bound together.
   3. Roleplaying teaches debaters a false sense of superiority and obliviousness to the reality of the state turning us into simulacra of our former selves resulting in ressentiment and conformity that opens the way for violence and tyranny
   Antonio, 95 (Nietzsche's Antisociology: Subjectified Culture and the End of History  American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 101, No. 1 (Jul., 1995), pp. 1-43)Loyola

The "problem of the actor," Nietzsche said, "... paves the way for a new type of tyrant (Nietzsche 1986, pp. 137, 168; 1974, pp. 117-18, 213, 288-89, 303-4).
4. Their interpretation externalizes agency and creates a mental deputy politics – this internal link turns their decision-making impact.
Kappeler 95 (Susanne now works as a freelance writer and teaches in England and Germany. She is also the author of The Pornography of Representation, The Will to Violence, ISBN 9780745613055, pgs 9-11)

War does not suddenly break out in a ... we let them grow inside us, that is, in the way we shape 'our feelings, our relationships, our values' according to the structures and the values of war and violence.
5. Their decision making skills are unethical because they prepare us for a future but don’t address anything happening now- means we ignore the way we are complacent in different forms of violent. We can always defer our responsibility- which means we become more comfortable with violence
Mourad ‘1 (Roger Mourad Phd, post structural theorist of education)  Teachers College Record, v103 n5 p739-59 Oct 2001 14-18)gingE
The idea that the fundamental issue of the just civil state is to find ...civility as caring for people because they are subject to suffering.¶ ... philosophy, policy, and practice.
b. Their demand that we perform traditional policy making analysis requires us to reinforce the “home” within debate: the 1ac was a DA to Framework  
Ilan Gur-Ze’ev 2005 – professor at the University of Haifa ADORNO AND HORKHEIMER: DIASPORIC PHILOSOPHY, NEGATIVE THEOLOGY, AND COUNTER-EDUCATION)

The big challenge for the critical mind ...power at the present historical moment (ibid. p. 244).
c. Their strategy results in Nihilism
Ilan Gur-Ze’ev 2005 – professor at the University of Haifa (ADORNO AND HORKHEIMER: DIASPORIC PHILOSOPHY, NEGATIVE THEOLOGY, AND COUNTER-EDUCATION)

Even in order to address the idea of the autonomous subject, the human is overwhelmed by inhumanity: a desire for power – ... as well as on the level of the rises and falls of entire cultures and empires.
The term “Latin America” is violent – It homogenizes an entire region and washes over cultural difference of native peoples in favor of European imperialism and should be rejected
Mabry ‘2 (Donald J. Professor of History Mississippi State University “Colonial Latin America” pp.iv-v http://historicaltextarchive.com/latin/colonial.pdf November 1, 2002) BSH

Colonial Latin America, which ...have to look very hard in this part of the world to find other examples.

Tournament: NDCA | Round: 2 | Opponent: College Prep AG | Judge: Christian Bato
Counter Advocacy
Perm – endorse the alternative – justified because Baudrillard concludes that severance is good – pinning us to the 1AC reinforces slave mentality
Baudrillard 93 (Jean, Phil@EGS, The Transparency of Evil, p. 165, JT)
We live in a culture which ... nerves or thought: a truly unheard of servitude.
K 

Permutation: Infinitely repeat the Aff against the K.  This resolves the links but preserves our methodology.  
Herrera ’11 (Andrea O’Reilly, ACROSS THE DIASPORA: SETTING THE TENT AGAINST THE HOUSE, University of Texas Press, pg. 30-33)

In my previous writing on the Cuban scattering..haracter as an historical fetish.”  

Their rejection of the sovereign as a whole recreates the aff’s impacts
Feldman 6 (Leonard C, Assistant Prof of Polisci @ the U of Oregon, Citizens Without Shelter: Homelessness, Democracy, and Political Exclusion, p. 19-20)

For instance, held in the inclusive ,...the constitutive outside of an exclusionary model of citizenship 62

Tournament: Copper Classic | Round: 4 | Opponent: Skyview KF | Judge: Kinsee Gaither
Security K
c)  Our framework solves your offense – fiat is role-playing and a type of legislative theatre that breaks down citizenship categories while maintaining the benefits of collective action.
Howe ‘9 (Kelly, “Embodied Think Thanks: Practicing Citizenship through Legislative Theatre,” Text and Performance Quarterly Vol. 29, No. 3, July 2009, pp. 239-257)

Headlines went to elaborate ... imagine to insist on doing legislative theatre more and more. 

Their alternative and framework fails – it totalizes, condemns communities to live with insecurity, and cedes the political. Critical resistance will not challenge the worst forms of securitization. (This card references all of your K authors)
Nunes, ’12 (João, Research Fellow at the Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, UK. “Reclaiming the political: Emancipation and critique in security studies” Security Dialogue, August, vol. 43 no. 4 345-361)-mikee
This take on critique ,... Seeking to address these limitations, the next section revisits emancipatory understandings of security.

Threats are real and scenario building is the only way to avoid the harmful kinds of securitization – security itself cannot be deconstructed.
Weaver 2k (Ole international relations theory and the politics of European integration, p. 284-285, JT)

The other main possibility is to stress' ... mutual vilification.
Plan solves slavery in AG by giving workers freedom to leave and decreases AG power over them
Ozimek 2013, January 29, Adam Ozimek : Reporter for Forbes, “How to Improve Immigrant Visas”, http://www.forbes.com/sites/modeledbehavior/2013/01/29/how-to-improve-immigrant-visas/
This analysis by Cassidy ... work visa holders.
Dehumanization is a d rule – key to understanding the plight of the exploited
OSCE 10 (Organization for Security and Co-operation, “COMBATING TRAFFICKING AS MODERN-DAY SLAVERY: A MATTER OF RIGHTS, FREEDOMS AND SECURITY”, OSCE, 2010, http://www.osce.org/cthb/74730)

In conclusion, there is no ....
The 1AC framing is beneficial – affirming the economic utility of immigrants mobilizes support for reform and counters the racist backlash of the far right.
Manuel and Simon ’10 (Tiffany Manuel, Ph.D. and Adam F. Simon, Ph.D. “Valuing Immigration: How Frame Elements Contribute to Effective Communications,” FrameWorks Institute, March
http://www.frameworksinstitute.org/assets/files/Immigration/valuing_immigration.pdf)

The communications field has never ...
? “to-do” list. 

Perm do both - solves best – a combination of realism and political constructivism solves the security dilemma
Lott 4 (Anthony, prof of Political Science at St. Olaf College, Ph.D. in International Studies at the Graduate School of International Studies at the University of Denver, “Creating Insecurity: Realism, Constructivism, and Us Security Policy”, pg 157-159)AMV

 In this work, it has been necessary t...That is the purpose of this book.

Threats are real – trying to “abolish” them through reconceptualization fails – we need to find credible solutions to them instead
Knudsen 1 (Olav F., Soderton University College, Huddinge, Sweden, “Post-Copenhagen Security Studies: Desecuritizing Securitization”, jstor, accessed 7/5/12)AMV
This discounting of the ... for dealing with them. 

Alt fails – critical security studies fail to change the political – the alternative recreates security dilemmas
Loader and Walker 2K7 (Ian a professor of criminology at Oxford and Neil a professor of European law European University Institute (Florence), Civilizing Security pg. 91-92)

This radical variant of state scepticism tends...they cling commonly and tenaciously to the belief that security stands opposed to liberty. 

DA
US influence in Latin America’s resilient and the thesis of the DA is wrong
Duddy and Mora 5-1
Patrick – US Ambassador to Venezuela until 2010 and Senior Lecturer at Duke. And Frank – Director of Latin American Center at Florida Intl University and former Assistant Secretary of Defense – Western Hemisphere (09-13). “Latin America: Is U.S. influence waning?” 5/1/13 http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/05/01/3375160/latin-america-is-us-influence.html#storylink=cpy
As Moises Naim notes in his recent book, The End of Power, there has been an important change in power distribution in the ... advance its own interests.

Economic engagement now – if their link story is true, their DA is non-uq
Valencia 5/20/13
(Robert – contributing writer for Global Voices Online, New York-based political analyst, “U.S. and Latin America – Economic Cooperation Without Militarization?” www.worldpolicy.org/blog/2013/05/20/us-and-latin-america-economic-cooperation-without-militarization)¶
President ... one of the world’s largest.

Thesis of the advantage is wrong – Brazil and Mexico will cooperate as regional powers.
Kovac 12 – researcher on Latin America, PhD. candidate of international relations; Faculty of Political Science and International Relations of Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia. Researcher on Mexico; Research Center of the Association for International Affairs, Prague, Czech rep (Ivan Kovac, October 23, 2012, Cultural Diplomacy “MEXICO AND BRAZIL – FORGING THE REGIONAL PLAYER ?S ROLE”  http://www.culturaldiplomacy.org/academy/content/pdf/participant-papers/2011/april/biec-roa-nua/ivan_kovac_participant_paper_-_mexico_and_brazil-forging_the_regional_players_role.pdf, p. 11-12)JES
The future of Latin America ... once and for all.

Tournament: Copper Classic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Herriman YS | Judge: Jayden Rasmussen
FRAMEWORK- the rest of the cards that are in the previous block I put up, plus these
Roleplaying teaches debaters a false sense of superiority and obliviousness to the reality of the state turning us into simulacra of our former selves resulting in ressentiment and conformity that opens the way for violence and tyranny
Antonio, 95 (Nietzsche's Antisociology: Subjectified Culture and the End of History  American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 101, No. 1 (Jul., 1995), pp. 1-43)Loyola

The "problem of the actor,"...tyrant (Nietzsche 1986, pp. 137, 168; 1974, pp. 117-18, 213, 288-89, 303-4).
Their interpretation externalizes agency and creates a mental deputy politics – this internal link turns their decision-making impact.
Kappeler 95 (Susanne now works as a freelance writer and teaches in England and Germany. She is also the author of The Pornography of Representation, The Will to Violence, ISBN 9780745613055, pgs 9-11)

War does not suddenly break out ... war and violence.
2. counter interpretation- Increasing immigration is economic engagement
Helen V. Milner and Dustin Tingley, Profs @ Princeton, 2011, “The Economic and Political Influences on Different Dimensions of United States Immigration Policy,” Princeton, http://www.princeton.edu/~hmilner/working20papers/The20Economic20and20Political20Influences20on20Different20Dimensions20of20United20States20Immigration20Policy.pdf
Our overall contributions to the literature are threefold. First, we highlight how widely
the substantive content of legislation that is called “immigration policy” varies and thus point out
the risk of ... 2006; Hiscox, 2006; Huber and Espenshade, 1997;
Milner and Tingley, 2011; Scheve and Slaughter, 2001b). 

2AC No Imagine CP Frontline
Perm do both – process focus is key
Oenen, 06 - senior lecturer in the department of philosophy at Erasmus University Rotterdam, “A Machine That Would Go of Itself: Interpassivity and Its Impact on Political Life,” Theory and Event, 2006 (Project Muse)
This metaphor signifies of course that ... involvement with itself.
Status quo framings of immigrants serves to dehumanize and bolster dominant ideologies
Cisneros, 08 - Dr. Josue David Cisneros is Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication Studies. His research and teaching interests focus mainly on rhetoric, or situated, public, and persuasive communication. Dr. Cisneros’ research focuses on the ways in which social and political identities are rhetorically constituted and contested in the public sphere, and he specializes in issues of citizenship, race/ethnicity, Latina/o identity, and immigration (“Contaminated Communities: The Metaphor of "Immigrant as Pollutant" in Media Representations of Immigration”, 2008 http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/rhetoric_and_public_affairs/v011/11.4.cisneros.html)
Rhetorical theory ... immigration.

a. Understanding DA - orienting ourselves to the border via imagination allows for understanding of real world IR
Newbury, 12 - Susanna Newbury is a Ph.D. candidate in the History of Art at Yale University (“Drawing a Line: Encounters with the U.S.-Mexico Border”, Nov. 13th, 2012, http://www.kcet.org/arts/artbound/counties/san-diego/us-mexico-border-geography.html)
For example, in the work of Arthur Schott, a ... the politics of landscape.
b. Fear of politics DA –attempts to solve moral problems without hypo testing the net-result of policies bolsters a fear-based ideology - an entire population is excluded by the ignorance and fear of difference
Walsh, 10 - University College Dublin College of Arts and Celtic Studies, peer reviewed by Prof. Edward James and Dr. David Kerr (“The impact of anti-Mexican sentiment on American perceptions of Diego Rivera during the Great Depression”, August, 2010, http://www.ucd.ie/ibp/MADissertations2009/Walsh.pdf)
The sudden ‘visibility’ ...only fountains.

Tournament: Copper Classic | Round: Quarters | Opponent: West WH | Judge: Misty Tippets, Delgado, Jackson Challinor
Framework-Short 

Consensus DA-Their framework establishes debate as a police order.  This attempt to build a politics out of consensus is doomed to failure.  Consensus destroys the potentiality of politics and silences the voices of the marginal.  Disagreement and disunity about the politics and the topic is a prerequisite to both.
Cachopo, 13 – Ph.D. in Philosophy from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Theoria and Praxis (João, “Disagreeing before acting: The paradoxes of critique and politics from Adorno to Rancière”, Volume 1, Issue 1)eek
II. Politics versus police in a transcendental mood To begin with, ... be bound together.

Questioning the nature of politics is the only way to understand politics, the alternative solves the technological mindset that makes politics violent, without the alternative the earth is doomed to ecological catastrophe.
Swazo, Professor of Philosophy at University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 2002 Norman K., Crisis Theory and World Order: Heideggerian Reflections,

In the ... is compelling in orienting us towards essential political thinking. 

Their interpretation externalizes agency and creates a mental deputy politics – this internal link turns their decision-making impact.
Kappeler 95 (Susanne now works as a freelance writer and teaches in England and Germany. She is also the author of The Pornography of Representation, The Will to Violence, ISBN 9780745613055, pgs 9-11)

War does not suddenly break out in ... according to the structures and the values of war and violence.
C/I – We must be in the direction of the topic
Ontic DA – FW is an example of ontic thinking - creates a technological mindset that leads to extinction from ecological destruction
C/I – We must affirm the resolution
FW doesn’t set a precedent and doesn’t spill over each round is insulated
Reasonability- the question should not be whose interp is the BEST for debate but does the aff's interpretation make debate IMPOSSIBLE for the neg- otherwise competing interpretations leads to a race to the bottom and the aff would always lose.
Policy framework inevitable- no reason why this round key
 “We” PIC

Perm – endorse the alternative – pinning us to the 1AC reinforces slave mentality
Baudrillard 93 (Jean, Phil@EGS, The Transparency of Evil, p. 165, JT)
We live in a culture ...that happen to cross paths within his genes, nerves or thought: a truly unheard of servitude.
Ontological questioning is a prerequisite to EFFECTIVE communal policy responses- regardless of “we”
Welch and Panelli, ‘7 (Richard, Dept of Geography @ U of Otago, New Zealand, and Ruth, Dept Geography University College London, “Questioing community as a collective antidote to fear: Jean-Luc Nancy’s ‘singularity’ and ‘being singular plural’”, Area (2007) 39.3)
One set of possibilities is provided when consider

Linking a challenging ... (cf. Fuller and Kitchin 2004; Pain 2004 2006; Ruddick 2004).
. 

Derrida
Resolve means to think- we solve the K
Pezze ‘6 (Barbara, PhD Philosophy at Honk Kong U, “Heidegger on Gelassenheit”, Minerva, vol .10, 2006 http://www.ul.ie/~philos/vol10/Heidegger.html)//gingE
Let us pause for a moment to consider a possible misunderstanding. It could appear, from what we have been saying, that Gelassenheit “floats in the realm of unreality and so in nothingness, and, lacking all power of action, is a will-less letting in of everything and, basically, the denial of the will to live!” (1966a, p. 80). ...releasement Verhaltenheit der Gelassenheit. (Heidegger 1966a, p. 81)
1AR Baudrillard Severance
Identity is a myth there is no unified self, rather the ego exists as a process of constantly becoming.  Renouncing identity is key to embrace the chaos of life.
Baudrillard, 5 (Jean, “The Easiest Solution”, 15 November 2005, Translated by Chris Turner http://www.egs.edu/faculty/jean-baudrillard/articles/the-easiest-solution/)//eek

The dream of ... today. 

The tyranny of the self is comparatively the worst kind of violence
Baudrillard, 1 (Jean, “Impossible exchange”, Verso, 60-61)eek

To be able ... but is no longer free in respect of it. He is the automatic agent of that faculty. He is the serf to no master but himself

Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 5 | Opponent: McClintoc BL | Judge: Khalid Sharif
Give back the Land
Our ontological approach is absolutely necessary to overcome the root cause of the k
Eldred ‘3 (michael, doctor of philosophy univ of sydney, "capital and technology: marx and heidegger" http://www.arte-fact.org/capiteen.html

Can, in parallel to this, a ... real lives' which 'doesn't get us anywhere'.
Intersecting forms of racial, gendered, and heteronormative oppression are actualized through technological reduction of identity to binaries—Only the ontological criticism of the affirmative can sever these binary mode of being that solidifies material hierarchies of oppression.
Manning, ‘9 (Elizabeth, U of Victoria, “Queerly Disrupting Methodology”, http://www.kvinfo.su.se/femmet09/papers/pdf/Manning.pdf) JG
Modernist ontology permeates multiple ... moments of Otherness, the strange, the deviant, the disorientation.
Turn- Capitalist forces check true autonomy – alt can’t solve- only aff can because we take steps against capitalism as it breaks down hegemonic forms of knowledge.
Wood 95 Mary Christina Wood, Oregon Law Professor, 1995, Utah L. Rev. 109, Lexis
Some have persuasively argued ... described above.

Anthro
Link turn - Dubbing people “anthropocentric” because they didn’t talk about animals makes the creation of an effective environmental movement impossible, and isn’t accurate
Lewsi 92 – Professor of Environment
Martin Lewis professor in the School of the Environment and the Center for International Studies at Duke University. Green Delusions, 1992 p17-18
Nature for Nature’s Sake—And Humanity for Humanity’s ... manner. (For an instructive discussion of the pitfalls of the anthropocentric versus nonanthropocentric dichotomy, see Nor¬ton 1987, chapter ir.)
Ontic explains anthro, not the other way – The line between human and animal is made possible by the line drawn between human and non-human sequestered in modern thought – that aff ruptures this through reconceptualization of terror studies– a shift in biopolitical thinking solves the K
Oliver, ‘7 (Kelly, “Stopping the Anthropological Machine: Agamben with Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty,” PhaenEx 2, no. 2, fall/winter 2007: 1-23)

To render inoperative the machine ... “people” are rendered non- or sub-human.

Tournament: Copper Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Juan Diego LZ | Judge: Khalid Sharif
Play FW
Their author impact turns their arg – says that going beyond limits is key
Armstrong 2K (Their author) (Paul B. English Professor at Brown University, Ph.D., Stanford University, Modern Thought and Literature, 1977, A.M., Stanford University, Modern Thought and Literature, 1974, A.B., summa cum laude, Harvard College, History and Literature, 1971 “The Politics of Play: The Social Implications of Iser’s Aesthetic Theory” New Literary History, Vol. 31, No. 1, On the Writings of Wolfgang Iser (Winter, 2000), pp. 211-223, Jstor  JG)
Iser describes “... it is the power of human plasticity¶ to create forms, play with the given, and overstep limits.
They misunderstand play, it requires a balance of rules and reaching – Their offense is solved by the reality of being in a debate round
A decision will be made
Their ev says that both kinds of play are inevitable
Doesn’t draw a clear brightline on what the balance is
Play requires unpredictability
Armstrong 2K (Their author) (Paul B. English Professor at Brown University, Ph.D., Stanford University, Modern Thought and Literature, 1977, A.M., Stanford University, Modern Thought and Literature, 1974, A.B., summa cum laude, Harvard College, History and Literature, 1971 “The Politics of Play: The Social Implications of Iser’s Aesthetic Theory” New Literary History, Vol. 31, No. 1, On the Writings of Wolfgang Iser (Winter, 2000), pp. 211-223, Jstor  JG)
“Play” is ... when the different kinds of¶ games combine.

Consensus DA-Their framework establishes debate as a police order.  This attempt to build a politics out of consensus is doomed to failure.  Consensus destroys the potentiality of politics and silences the voices of the marginal.  Disagreement and disunity about the politics and the topic is a prerequisite to both.
Cachopo, 13 – Ph.D. in Philosophy from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Theoria and Praxis (João, “Disagreeing before acting: The paradoxes of critique and politics from Adorno to Rancière”, Volume 1, Issue 1)eek
II. Politics versus police in a transcendental mood ... bound together.

Questioning the nature of politics is the only way to understand politics, the alternative solves the technological mindset that makes politics violent, without the alternative the earth is doomed to ecological catastrophe.
Swazo, Professor of Philosophy at University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 2002 Norman K., Crisis Theory and World Order: Heideggerian Reflections,

In the question ...compelling in orienting us towards essential political thinking. 

Neolib

Permutation is necessary to overcome the essence of capital which takes a new form in the advent of the digital world
Kroker 3 (Arthur and Marilouise Kroker are writers and lecturers in the areas of technology and contemporary culture. Together they edit the electronic journal CTheory. Arthur Kroker is Canada Research Chair in Technology, Culture and Theory, Professor of Political Science, and Director of the Pacific Centre for Technology and Culture at the University of Victoria. Marilouise Kroker is Senior Research Scholar at the University of Victoria. “Cynical Data, Streamed Capitalism and Hyper Nihilism” www.ctheory.net/will/cynical.html)
Heidegger is necessary to the project of ...s appearance as the material history of completed nihilism.

3. Our ontological approach is absolutely necessary to overcome the root cause of the k
Eldred ‘3 (michael, doctor of philosophy univ of sydney, "capital and technology: marx and heidegger" http://www.arte-fact.org/capiteen.html

Can, in parallel to this, a ... 'doesn't get us anywhere'.
4. The K misunderstands modernity – alienation is an ontological condition.
Michael e. Zimmerman, professor of philosophy at tulane university, heidegger’s confrontation with modernity, 1990, pg. 24-5

Similarly, Theodor Adorno maintains that "... the individual's or humanity's flight from the truth, but instead the result of the self-concealment of that truth from humanity. 

6. Capitalism is not monolithic—attempts at absolutist rejection fail. Instead, we should endorse critical interrogation like the affirmative to produce the most effective method for combatting it
Gibson-Graham 06 – J.K., pen name shared by feminist economic geographers Julie Graham and Katherine Gibson (“The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It): A Feminist Critique of Political Economy”, pg 2-5)

The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It) ... might take root and flourish. A long shot perhaps but one worth pursuing. 

Ontological questioning is critical to the alt
Randell in 7 (Richard "is another world possible? marxism, phenomenology and the ontological transformation of the world" presented at the meeting of the american sociological association http://citation.allacademic.com//meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/8/4/7/0/pages184708/p184708-1.php)//JG
Based on Marx’s analysis of ... less ineffable than it had been before.