General Actions:
Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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Copper Classic | 3 | Juan Diego FW |
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Copper Classic | 3 | Juan Diego FW |
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Note | 1 | - | - |
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Notre Dame | 1 | Lynbrook GW | Idris, Richard |
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Notre Dame | 1 | Lynbrook GW | Idris, Richard |
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Notre Dame | 1 | Lynbrook GW | Idris, Richard |
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Notre Dame | 3 | Bingham NS | Ideen Seidein |
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Notre Dame | 3 | Bingham NS | Ideen Seidein |
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Young Lawyers | 1 |
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Young Lawyers | 3 |
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Tournament | Round | Report |
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Copper Classic | 3 | Opponent: Juan Diego FW | Judge: Aff - Cuba LNG Neg - gender dualism kritk CIR T direct mexico brazil dialogue CP aerosols turn on case Went for the kritik and aerosols Went for dualism turn on the kritik and case Lost |
Copper Classic | 3 | Opponent: Juan Diego FW | Judge: Aff - Cuba LNG Neg - gender dualism kritk CIR T direct mexico brazil dialogue CP aerosols turn on case Went for the kritik and aerosols Went for dualism turn on the kritik and case Lost |
Note | 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: - I have put up the 1NC shell for everything that has been a 2NR at this point We've only had one tournament as of 1029 |
Notre Dame | 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook GW | Judge: Idris, Richard 1AC - Cuba embargo through executive branch with Cuba econ and Latin America relations advantages 1NC was Gradualism DA O-spec CIR and Consult Brazil CP Block division was Gradualism CIR and case in 2NC 1NR was O-spec and consult brazil 2NR was consult brazil and o-spec |
Notre Dame | 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook GW | Judge: Idris, Richard 1AC - Cuba embargo through executive branch with Cuba econ and Latin America relations advantages 1NC was Gradualism DA O-spec CIR and Consult Brazil CP Block division was Gradualism CIR and case in 2NC 1NR was O-spec and consult brazil 2NR was consult brazil and o-spec |
Notre Dame | 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook GW | Judge: Idris, Richard 1AC- Executive Branch Embargo Lifting Relations Econ 1NC- O-spec CIR Gradualism DA Consult Brazil CP Went for O-spec CIR and Case Won on Case |
Notre Dame | 3 | Opponent: Bingham NS | Judge: Ideen Seidein 1AC TBHA- Econ Oil Diversity 1NC Mexico Conditions CP T CIR Oil DA Went for CP lost |
Notre Dame | 3 | Opponent: Bingham NS | Judge: Ideen Seidein 1AC TBHA- Econ Oil Diversity 1NC Mexico Conditions CP T CIR Oil DA Went for CP lost |
Young Lawyers | 1 | Opponent: 2NR was the Gradualism DA and case |
Young Lawyers | 3 | Opponent: 2NR was T-gov-gov |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Entry | Date |
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1NC Rd 1 Notre DameTournament: Notre Dame | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook GW | Judge: Idris, Richard The government of…the judicial branch. Bipart will prevail – electoral necessities and awareness of need Executive Action links to politics and gets rolled back 2. Political capital is key. President Barack Obama …ther conservative groups.
Now is the …of that coalition. 2. Decline in growth causes nuclear war Of course, the …-eat-dog world. Genuine consultation revitalizes US-Brazilian relations. The United States …complexity of the task. Cooperation between the …foundation is now. | 11/3/13 |
1NC Rd 3 Notre DameTournament: Notre Dame | Round: 3 | Opponent: Bingham NS | Judge: Ideen Seidein Last week, Mr. …president of Costa Rica. 2. Political capital is key. President Barack Obama …ther conservative groups.
Now is the …of that coalition. 2. Decline in growth causes nuclear war Of course, the …-eat-dog world. 1NC The Iraq war …speculators bail out. Mexico is the …sanctions on Iran. Investing in Mexican oil would substantially decrease U.S. dependence on Middle East Oil prices key to the Russian economy But Vladimir Putin …up his popularity. Russian economic decline causes nuclear war In Russia, historically…least dangerous consequence. The counterplan provides leverage to incentivize reform and solves corruption One way to …more direct results. Solving corruption solves the drug war – cartels cannot operate without corruption To reiterate, the …become a cancer.” Cartels and trafficking lead to WMD terrorist attacks MIAMI — There is …cannot ignore them." Nuclear war But these two …a devastating response. A. Interpretation: Economic engagement is defined as the expansion of economic ties with an adversary to directly change target behavior – the plan must include an explicit demand or condition. The term ‘engagement’ …has important disagreements. Our knowledge of …more so cumulatively. | 11/3/13 |
1NC T gov-govTournament: Young Lawyers | Round: 3 | Opponent: Economic engagement – a policy of deliberately expanding economic ties with an adversary in order to change the behavior of the target state and improve bilateral political relations – is a subject of growing interest in international relations. Violation: The aff engages with private groups or non-governmental organizations in Cuba, Mexico, or Venezuela, not the target country’s government. C. Vote Negative:
| 10/29/13 |
1NC anthroTournament: Note | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
Three most significant and pressing factors contributing to the environmental crisis are the ever increasing human population, the energy crisis, and the abuse and pollution of the earth’s natural systems. These and other factors contributing to the environmental crisis can be directly linked to anthropocentric views of the world. The perception that value is located in, and emanates from, humanity has resulted in understanding human life as an ultimate value, superior to all other beings. This has driven innovators in medicine and technology to ever improve our medical and material conditions, in an attempt to preserve human life, resulting in more people being born and living longer. In achieving this aim, they have indirectly contributed to increasing the human population. Perceptions of superiority, coupled with developing technologies have resulted in a social outlook that generally does not rest content with the basic necessities of life. Demands for more medical and social aid, more entertainment and more comfort translate into demands for improved standards of living. Increasing population numbers, together with the material demands of modern society, place ever increasing demands on energy supplies. While wanting a better life is not a bad thing, given the population explosion the current energy crisis is inevitable, which brings a whole host of environmental implications in tow. This is not to say that every improvement in the standard of living is necessarily wasteful of energy or polluting to the planet, but rather it is the cumulative effect of these improvements that is damaging to the environment. The abuses facing the natural environment as a result of the energy crisis and the food demand are clearly manifestations of anthropocentric views that treat the environment as a resource and instrument for human ends. The pollution and destruction of the non-human natural world is deemed acceptable, provided that it does not interfere with other human beings. It could be argued that there is nothing essentially wrong with anthropocentric assumptions, since it is natural, even instinctual, to favour one’s self and species over and above all other forms of life. However, it is problematic in that such perceptions influence our actions and dealings with the world to the extent that the well-being of life on this planet is threatened, making the continuance of a huge proportion of existing life forms "tenuous if not improbable" (Elliot 1995: 1). Denying the non-human world ethical consideration, it is evident that anthropocentric assumptions provide a rationale for the exploitation of the natural world and, therefore, have been largely responsible for the present environmental crisis (Des Jardins 1997: 93). Fox identifies three broad approaches to the environment informed by anthropocentric assumptions, which in reality are not distinct and separate, but occur in a variety of combinations. The "expansionist" approach is characterised by the recognition that nature has a purely instrumental value to humans. This value is accessed through the physical transformation of the non-human natural world, by farming, mining, damming etc. Such practices create an economic value, which tends to "equate the physical transformation of ‘resources’ with economic growth" (Fox 1990: 152). Legitimising continuous expansion and exploitation, this approach relies on the idea that there is an unending supply of resources. The "conservationist" approach, like the first, recognises the economic value of natural resources through their physical transformation, while at the same time accepting the fact that there are limits to these resources. It therefore emphasises the importance of conserving natural resources, while prioritising the importance of developing the non-human natural world in the quest for financial gain. The "preservationist" approach differs from the first two in that it recognises the enjoyment and aesthetic enrichment human beings receive from an undisturbed natural world. Focusing on the psychical nourishment value of the non-human natural world for humans, this approach stresses the importance of preserving resources in their natural states. All three approaches are informed by anthropocentric assumptions. This results in a one-sided understanding of the human-nature relationship. Nature is understood to have a singular role of serving humanity, while humanity is understood to have no obligations toward nature. Such a perception represents "not only a deluded but also a very dangerous orientation to the world" (Fox 1990: 13), as only the lives of human beings are recognised to have direct moral worth, while the moral consideration of non-human entities is entirely contingent upon the interests of human beings (Pierce and Van De Veer 1995: 9). Humanity is favoured as inherently valuable, while the non-human natural world counts only in terms of its use value to human beings. The "expansionist" and "conservationist" approaches recognise an economic value, while the "preservationist" approach recognises a hedonistic, aesthetic or spiritual value. They accept, without challenge, the assumption that the value of the non-human natural world is entirely dependent on human needs and interests. None attempt to move beyond the assumption that nature has any worth other than the value humans can derive from it, let alone search for a deeper value in nature. This ensures that human duties retain a purely human focus, thereby avoiding the possibility that humans may have duties that extend to non-humans. This can lead to viewing the non-human world, devoid of direct moral consideration, as a mere resource with a purely instrumental value of servitude. This gives rise to a principle of ‘total use’, whereby every natural area is seen for its potential cultivation value, to be used for human ends (Zimmerman 1998: 19). This provides limited means to criticise the behaviour of those who use nature purely as a warehouse of resources (Pierce and Van De Veer 1995: 184). It is clear that humanity has the capacity to transform and degrade the environment. Given the consequences inherent in having such capacities, "the need for a coherent, comprehensive, rationally persuasive environmental ethic is imperative" (Pierce and Van De Veer 1995: 2). The purpose of an environmental ethic would be to account for the moral relations that exist between humans and the environment, and to provide a rational basis from which to decide how we ought and ought not to treat the environment. The environment was defined as the world in which we are enveloped and immersed, constituted by both animate and inanimate objects. This includes both individual living creatures, such as plants and animals, as well as non-living, non-individual entities, such as rivers and oceans, forests and velds, essentially, the whole planet Earth. This constitutes a vast and all-inclusive sphere, and, for purposes of clarity, shall be referred to as the "greater environment". In order to account for the moral relations that exist between humans and the greater environment, an environmental ethic should have a significantly wide range of focus. I argue that anthropocentric value systems are not suitable to the task of developing a comprehensive environmental ethic. Firstly, anthropocentric assumptions have been shown to be largely responsible for the current environmental crisis. While this in itself does not provide strong support for the claim, it does cast a dim light on any theory that is informed by such assumptions. Secondly, an environmental ethic requires a significantly wide range of focus. As such, it should consider the interests of a wide range of beings. It has been shown that anthropocentric approaches do not entertain the notion that non-human entities can have interests independent of human interests. "Expansionist", "conservationist" and "preservationist" approaches only acknowledge a value in nature that is determined by the needs and interests of humans. Thirdly, because anthropocentric approaches provide a moral account for the interests of humans alone, while excluding non-humans from direct moral consideration, they are not sufficiently encompassing. An environmental ethic needs to be suitably encompassing to ensure that a moral account is provided for all entities that constitute the environment. It could be argued that the indirect moral concern for the environment arising out of an anthropocentric approach is sufficient to ensure the protection of the greater environment. In response, only those entities that are in the interest of humans will be morally considered, albeit indirectly, while those entities which fall outside of this realm will be seen to be morally irrelevant. Assuming that there are more entities on this planet that are not in the interest of humans than entities that are, it is safe to say that anthropocentric approaches are not adequately encompassing. Fourthly, the goals of an environmental ethic should protect and maintain the greater environment. It is clear that the expansionist approach, which is primarily concerned with the transformation of nature for economic return, does not meet these goals. Similarly, neither does the conservationist approach, which is arguably the same as the expansionist approach. The preservationist approach does, in principle satisfy this requirement. However, this is problematic for such preservation is based upon the needs and interests of humans, and "as human interests and needs change, so too would human uses for the environment" (Des Jardins 1997: 129). Non-human entities, held captive by the needs and interests of humans, are open to whatever fancies the interests of humans. In light of the above, it is my contention that anthropocentric value systems fail to provide a stable ground for the development of an environmental ethic. Anthropocentric ideologies cause ecocide- the alternative is the only unique try or die scenario. Here I will at least begin in agreement with Levinas. As he rejects an ethics proceeding on the basis of self-interest, so I believe the anthropocentric perspectives of conservation or liberal environmentalism cannot take us far enough. Our relations with nonhuman nature are poisoned and not just because we have set up feedback loops that already lead to mass starvations, skyrocketing environmental disease rates, and devastation of natural resources.¶ The problem with ecocide is not just that it hurts human beings. Our uncaring violence also violates the very ground of our being, our natural body, our home. Such violence is done not simply to the other -- as if the rainforest, the river, the atmosphere, the species made extinct are totally different from ourselves. Rather, we have crucified ourselves-in-relation-to-the-other, fracturing a mode of being in which self and other can no more be conceived as fully in isolation from each other than can a mother and a nursing child.¶ We are that child, and nonhuman nature is that mother. If this image seems too maudlin, let us remember that other lactating women can feed an infant, but we have only one earth mother.¶ What moral stance will be shaped by our personal sense that we are poisoning ourselves, our environment, and so many kindred spirits of the air, water, and forests?¶ To begin, we may see this tragic situation as setting the limits to Levinas's perspective. The other which is nonhuman nature is not simply known by a "trace," nor is it something of which all knowledge is necessarily instrumental. This other is inside us as well as outside us. We prove it with every breath we take, every bit of food we eat, every glass of water we drink. We do not have to find shadowy traces on or in the faces of trees or lakes, topsoil or air: we are made from them.¶ Levinas denies this sense of connection with nature. Our "natural" side represents for him a threat of simple consumption or use of the other, a spontaneous response which must be obliterated by the power of ethics in general (and, for him in particular, Jewish religious law(23) ). A "natural" response lacks discipline; without the capacity to heed the call of the other, unable to sublate the self's egoism. Worship of nature would ultimately result in an "everything-is-permitted" mentality, a close relative of Nazism itself. For Levinas, to think of people as "natural" beings is to assimilate them to a totality, a category or species which makes no room for the kind of individuality required by ethics.(24) He refers to the "elemental" or the "there is" as unmanaged, unaltered, "natural" conditions or forces that are essentially alien to the categories and conditions of moral life.(25)¶ One can only lament that Levinas has read nature -- as to some extent (despite his intentions) he has read selfhood -- through the lens of masculine culture. It is precisely our sense of belonging to nature as system, as interaction, as interdependence, which can provide the basis for an ethics appropriate to the trauma of ecocide. As cultural feminism sought to expand our sense of personal identity to a sense of inter-identification with the human other, so this ecological ethics would expand our personal and species sense of identity into an inter-identification with the natural world.¶ Such a realization can lead us to an ethics appropriate to our time, a dimension of which has come to be known as "deep ecology."(26) For this ethics, we do not begin from the uniqueness of our human selfhood, existing against a taken-for-granted background of earth and sky. Nor is our body somehow irrelevant to ethical relations, with knowledge of it reduced always to tactics of domination. Our knowledge does not assimilate the other to the same, but reveals and furthers the continuing dance of interdependence. And our ethical motivation is neither rationalist system nor individualistic self-interest, but a sense of connection to all of life.¶ The deep ecology sense of self-realization goes beyond the modern Western sense of "self" as an isolated ego striving for hedonistic gratification. . . . . Self, in this sense, is experienced as integrated with the whole of nature.(27)¶ Having gained distance and sophistication of perception from the development of science and political freedoms we can turn and recognize who we have been all along. . . . we are our world knowing itself. We can relinquish our separateness. We can come home again -- and participate in our world in a richer, more responsible and poignantly beautiful way.(28)¶ Ecological ways of knowing nature are necessarily participatory. This knowledge is ecological and plural, reflecting both the diversity of natural ecosystems and the diversity in cultures that nature-based living gives rise to.¶ The recovery of the feminine principle is based on inclusiveness. It is a recovery in nature, woman and man of creative forms of being and perceiving. In nature it implies seeing nature as a live organism. In woman it implies seeing women as productive and active. Finally, in men the recovery of the feminine principle implies a relocation of action and activity to create life-enhancing, not life-reducing and life-threatening societies.(29)¶ In this context, the knowing ego is not set against a world it seeks to control, but one of which it is a part. To continue the feminist perspective, the mother knows or seeks to know the child's needs. Does it make sense to think of her answering the call of the child in abstraction from such knowledge? Is such knowledge necessarily domination? Or is it essential to a project of care, respect and love, precisely because the knower has an intimate, emotional connection with the known?(30) Our ecological vision locates us in such close relation with our natural home that knowledge of it is knowledge of ourselves. And this is not, contrary to Levinas's fear, reducing the other to the same, but a celebration of a larger, more inclusive, and still complex and articulated self.(31) The noble and terrible burden of Levinas's individuated responsibility for sheer existence gives way to a different dream, a different prayer:¶ Being rock, being gas, being mist, being Mind,¶ Being the mesons traveling among the galaxies with the speed of light,¶ You have come here, my beloved one. . . . ¶ You have manifested yourself as trees, as grass, as butterflies, as single-celled beings, and as chrysanthemums;¶ but the eyes with which you looked at me this morning tell me you have never died.(32)¶ In this prayer, we are, quite simply, all in it together. And, although this new ecological Holocaust -- this creation of planet Auschwitz -- is under way, it is not yet final. We have time to step back from the brink, to repair our world. But only if we see that world not as an other across an irreducible gap of loneliness and unchosen obligation, but as a part of ourselves as we are part of it, to be redeemed not out of duty, but out of love; neither for our selves nor for the other, but for us all. 3. The alternative is to undergo the thought experiment in order to embrace the global suicide of humanity. The alternative solves the anthropocentric ideology. For some, guided by the pressure of moral conscience or by a ¶ practice of harm minimisation, the appropriate response to historical ¶ and contemporary environmental destruction is that of action guided ¶ by abstention. For example, one way of reacting to mundane, ¶ everyday complicity is the attempt to abstain or opt-out of certain ¶ aspects of modern, industrial society: to no= eat non-human animals, ¶ to invest ethically, to buy organic produce, to not use cars and buses, ¶ to live in an environmentally conscious commune. Ranging from small ¶ personal decisions to the establishment of parallel economies (think of ¶ organic and fair trade products as an attempt to set up a quasi-parallel ¶ economy), a typical modern form of action is that of a refusal to be ¶ complicit in human practices that are violent and destructive. Again, ¶ however, at a practical level, to what extent are such acts of nonparticipation rendered banal by their complicity in other actions? In a ¶ grand register of violence and harm the individual who abstains from ¶ eating non-human animals but still uses the bus or an airplane or ¶ electricity has only opted out of some harm causing practices and ¶ remains fully complicit with others. One response, however, which ¶ bypasses the problem of complicity and the banality of action is to ¶ take the non-participation solution to its most extreme level. In this ¶ instance, the only way to truly be non-complicit in the violence of the ¶ human heritage would be to opt-out altogether. Here, then, the ¶ modern discourse of reflection, responsibility and action runs to its ¶ logical conclusion – the global suicide of humanity – as a free-willed ¶ and ‘final solution’.¶ While we are not interested in the discussion of the ‘method’ of the ¶ global suicide of humanity per se, one method that would be the least ¶ violent is that of humans choosing to no longer reproduce. 10 The ¶ case at point here is that the global suicide of humanity would be a ¶ moral act; it would take humanity out of the equation of life on this ¶ earth and remake the calculation for the benefit of everything nonhuman. While suicide in certain forms of religious thinking is normally ¶ condemned as something which is selfish and inflicts harm upon borderlands 7:3¶ 17¶ loved ones, the global suicide of humanity would be the highest act of ¶ altruism. That is, global suicide would involve the taking of ¶ responsibility for the destructive actions of the human species. By ¶ eradicating ourselves we end the long process of inflicting harm upon ¶ other species and offer a human-free world. If there is a form of divine ¶ intelligence then surely the human act of global suicide will be seen ¶ for what it is: a profound moral gesture aimed at redeeming humanity. ¶ Such an act is an offer of sacrifice to pay for past wrongs that would ¶ usher in a new future. Through the death of our species we will give ¶ the gift of life to others. ¶ It should be noted nonetheless that our proposal for the global suicide ¶ of humanity is based upon the notion that such a radical action needs ¶ to be voluntary and not forced. In this sense, and given the likelihood ¶ of such an action not being agreed upon, it operates as a thought ¶ experiment which may help humans to radically rethink what it means ¶ to participate in modern, moral life within the natural world. In other ¶ words, whether or not the act of global suicide takes place might well ¶ be irrelevant. What is more important is the form of critical reflection ¶ that an individual needs to go through before coming to the conclusion ¶ that the global suicide of humanity is an action that would be ¶ worthwhile. The point then of a thought experiment that considers the ¶ argument for the global suicide of humanity is the attempt to outline ¶ an anti-humanist, or non-human-centric ethics. Such an ethics ¶ attempts to take into account both sides of the human heritage: the ¶ capacity to carry out violence and inflict harm and the capacity to use ¶ moral reflection and creative social organisation to minimise violence ¶ and harm. Through the idea of global suicide such an ethics reintroduces a central question to the heart of moral reflection: To what ¶ extent is the value of the continuation of human life worth the total ¶ harm inflicted upon the life of all others? Regardless of whether an ¶ individual finds the idea of global suicide abhorrent or ridiculous, this ¶ question remains valid and relevant and will not go away, no matter ¶ how hard we try to forget, suppress or repress it. | 10/29/13 |
1NC gradualism DATournament: Young Lawyers | Round: 1 | Opponent: For years, the accepted view was that the end of the Castro regime in Cuba would be volatile, perhaps even explosive. Embargo leverage needed to influence Castro successor Slow change key to Cuban reform - avoids rapid regime collapse Gradualism: Gradualism in economic reform—as opposed to an Eastern European-style sudden regime collapse—appears to be the most likely scenario that Cuba will follow. As a result of economic reforms, albeit halting and partial, Cuba today is different from the Cuba of 1989 . In 2011, Cuba’s current leadership, however aging and proud, promulgated reform guidelines that recognize the imperative of change and that empower the pro-reform factions. Moreover, as suggested by successful Asian experiences (Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, China), where political leadership provides stability and continuity, gradualism can be a feasible—indeed it may well be the only realistic—option. Gradualism must not, however, be an excuse for policy paralysis or a smoke-screen for maintenance of the status quo. This turns every part of the aff Some countries can drive other countries crazy. When people have this effect on one another, it is because of imbalances in the brain’s neurotransmitters. With countries, it often happens because of the disproportionate influence of special interests. Cuba, for example, has long driven the United States crazy. Just think of the Bay of Pigs invasion or the outsourcing of Castro's assassination to the Mafia. For more recent examples of irrational behavior, think of the Helms-Burton Law or Elián. | 10/29/13 |
CIRTournament: Notre Dame | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook GW | Judge: Idris, Richard 2. Political capital is key. President Barack Obama told Hispanic Democratic legislators on Wednesday that he will invest his political capital in an immigration reform package whose principles will be revealed during a forum in the next two months. That is what members of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus reported after their first meeting with Obama on the subject of immigration. In remarks to reporters, the lawmakers expressed confidence that, with the president’s support, this year the dialogue on comprehensive immigration reform will be resumed, opening a path to legalization for the country’s estimated 12 million undocumented immigrants | 11/3/13 |
Consult Brazil CPTournament: Notre Dame | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook GW | Judge: Idris, Richard Observation 1: Competition
The United States has a basic national security in- terest in Brazil’s continuing democratic and market- oriented success, which improves its will and capacity to help address pressing global problems. We are in a rapidly changing period of international relations, in which a high premium is put on skilled and effective diplomacy in order to provide a measure of management to situa- tions that could spin out of control. Observation 1: Competition
The United States has a basic national security in- terest in Brazil’s continuing democratic and market- oriented success, which improves its will and capacity to help address pressing global problems. We are in a rapidly changing period of international relations, in which a high premium is put on skilled and effective diplomacy in order to provide a measure of management to situa- tions that could spin out of control. We are still haunted by nuclear weapons. In these circumstances, Brazil plays an important role Strong US-Brazil relations solve every major global problem. Cooperation between the United States and Brazil holds too much promise for miscommunication or inevitable disagreements to stand in the way of potential gains. A strengthened U.S.-Brazil relationship could be the basis for economic growth | 11/3/13 |
LNG 1ACTournament: Copper Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Juan Diego FW | Judge: US economic strength is a firewall – great power wars are impossible because of it and inevitable without it. Russia reasserting influence in the region – leads to arms race and cyber warfare Luxer ‘9 (April 2009. Larry Luxner is news editor of The Washington Diplomat and former editor of CubaNews. Born and raised in Miami and based in Bethesda, Md., since 1995, Larry has reported from every country in the Western Hemisphere. His specialty is Latin America and the Middle East, and he's written more than 2,000 articles for publications ranging from National Journal to Saudi Aramco World. The Washington Diplomat. “Using Old Friend Cuba as its base, Russia reasserts influence in Latin America”. http://www.washdiplomat.com/index.php?option=com_contentandview=articleandid=6257:using-old-friend-cuba-as-its-base-russia-reasserts-its-latin-influence-andcatid=976:april-2009andItemid=257) Containment requires that … containment in reverse. Extinction Independently, a South American arms race diverts attention from drug cartels, terrorism and development programs. Drug cartels along … to create security. But these two … a devastating response. Natural gas is comparatively the best energy source for the environment Cuba, too, poses …to the problem. There is no …future climatic change. The hour is …"business as usual." Thus, the plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase its exports of liquefied natural gas to the Republic of Cuba. US has the most natural gas. Action now is critical – low prices and Russia influence may decline. Exports solve everything. Cuba Says Yes – Needs natural gas and will solve the environment | 1/18/14 |
LNG 1ACTournament: Copper Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Juan Diego FW | Judge: US economic strength is a firewall – great power wars are impossible because of it and inevitable without it. Russia reasserting influence in the region – leads to arms race and cyber warfare Luxer ‘9 (April 2009. Larry Luxner is news editor of The Washington Diplomat and former editor of CubaNews. Born and raised in Miami and based in Bethesda, Md., since 1995, Larry has reported from every country in the Western Hemisphere. His specialty is Latin America and the Middle East, and he's written more than 2,000 articles for publications ranging from National Journal to Saudi Aramco World. The Washington Diplomat. “Using Old Friend Cuba as its base, Russia reasserts influence in Latin America”. http://www.washdiplomat.com/index.php?option=com_contentandview=articleandid=6257:using-old-friend-cuba-as-its-base-russia-reasserts-its-latin-influence-andcatid=976:april-2009andItemid=257) Containment requires that … containment in reverse. Extinction Independently, a South American arms race diverts attention from drug cartels, terrorism and development programs. Drug cartels along … to create security. But these two … a devastating response. Natural gas is comparatively the best energy source for the environment Cuba, too, poses …to the problem. There is no …future climatic change. The hour is …"business as usual." Thus, the plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase its exports of liquefied natural gas to the Republic of Cuba. US has the most natural gas. Action now is critical – low prices and Russia influence may decline. Exports solve everything. Cuba Says Yes – Needs natural gas and will solve the environment | 1/18/14 |
O-SpecTournament: Notre Dame | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook GW | Judge: Idris, Richard Used before a singular noun indicating that the noun is generic: The wolf is an endangered species. B. Vote negative –
| 11/3/13 |
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