Tournament: New Trier | Round: 1 | Opponent: Homewood Flossmoor RF | Judge: Christopher Thomas
The grammar of civil society seeks to ignore and exclude past atrocities.   You must hold them accountable.  The only ethical act that can be taken in this civil society is that of the Savage or the Slave.  This sets the state for all other interrogations and paves the way for ontological suffering.

Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg. 1-5)

WHEN I WAS … theory that follows.

Civil society’s reliance on white supremacy is the basis for genocide, ontological violence based on the penal system, and the eradication of the non-white other.  It outweighs all impacts.

Rodriguez, summer 2008 (Dylan, Prof of Ethnic Studies at UC Riverside, “Race, Gender, and Immigration in the Globality of the U.S. Prison Regime” The Scholar and Feminist Online http://sfonline.barnard.edu/immigration/print_drodriguez.htm)

White supremacist social… building, and globality.

The alternative is to refuse the 1ac to death.  Each affirmation allows civil society more coherence than the alt alone. 

Wilderson III 2007 (Frank B. Assistant Professor of African American Studies and Drama at UC Irvine, Warfare in the American Homeland-Policing and Prison in a Penal Democracy Edit By James Joy, Pg 31-33)

Slavery is the … to the death.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 4 | Opponent: MBA Alvin | Judge: TBD
Warming outweighs and causes extinction – rising temperatures make earth uninhabitable and adaptation cant solve
Tickell 8 (Oliver, Climate Researcher, The Gaurdian, “On a planet 4C hotter, all we can prepare for is extinction”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/aug/11/climatechange)

We need to get prepared for four degrees of global warming, Bob Watson told
AND
warming caused by human emissions could propel us towards a similar hothouse Earth. 

Even 1 risk justifies action ---- the consequences are too big
Strom 7 (Robert, Prof. Emeritus Planetary Sciences @ U. Arizona and Former Dir. Space Imagery Center of NASA, “Hot House: Global Climate Change and the Human Condition”, Online: SpringerLink, p. 246)

Keep in mind that the current consequences of global warming discussed in previous chapters are
AND
more clearly define what awaits us. The time for action is now.

The impact is quick ---- 50 months to extinction
Guardian Weekly 8 (8 – 15 – (Andrew Simms, “Guardian Weekly: Just 100 months left to save Earth: Andrew Simms on a New Green Deal that could forestall the climate change tipping point”, L/N)
*(it was 100 months as of 2008, so now it is around 50 months)

In just 100 months' time, if we are lucky, and based on a
AND
changes to the climate system, and the effect of those environmental feedbacks.

Warming outweighs nuclear war
NYT, 6 (The New York End Times 2006 (The New York End Times is a non-partisan, non-religious, non-ideological, free news filter. We monitor world trends and events as they pertain to two vital  threats - war and extinction. We use a proprietary methodology to quantify movements between the extremes of war and peace, harmony and extinction.  http://newyorkendtimes.com/extinctionscale.asp) 

We rate Global Climate Change as a greater threat for human extinction in this century
AND
monitor war separately. However we also need to incorporate the dangers here.  

Warming turns their war impacts
a. Probability—warming’s a threat multiplier
Scheffran 09 (Jurgen Scheffran, Chair of Research Group on Climate Change and Security for the World Future Council; Professor at University of Hamburg; “ Climate Change, Nuclear Risks, and Nuclear Disarmament: From Security Threats to Sustainable Peace; November 2009; http://www.worldfuturecouncil.org/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/110517_WFC_Scheffran_Report.pdf)
Following hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the IPCC reports in 2007, attention increasingly shifted
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over- burden states and regions which are already fragile and conflict prone.

b. Magnitude—causes destabilization which leads causes conflict escalation
Scheffran 09 (Jurgen Scheffran, Chair of Research Group on Climate Change and Security for the World Future Council; Professor at University of Hamburg; “ Climate Change, Nuclear Risks, and Nuclear Disarmament: From Security Threats to Sustainable Peace; November 2009; http://www.worldfuturecouncil.org/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/110517_WFC_Scheffran_Report.pdf)
In the future, nuclear and climate risks may interfere with each other in a
AND
speak of the possibility of a nuclear winter that would disrupt the atmosphere.

c.) Growth turns war escalation – inflates perceptions of strength and chance of victory
Boehmer 10 (Charles, professor of political science at the University of Texas – El Paso and Ph.D. in Political Science from Pennsylvania State University, “Economic Growth and Violent International Conflict: 1875-1999,” Defence and Peace Economics, June, Vol. 21, Issue 3, pg. 249-268)

The theory of economic growth and conflict presented here rests on the basic assumption that
AND
and be more resolved to stand their ground and thus escalate a crisis.

Growth causes endocrine disruption and extinction
Douthwaite 99—council member of Comhar, the Irish government's national sustainability council and a Fellow of the Post Carbon Institute. Visiting lecturer at the University of Plymouth —ED By Ronaldo Munck andDenis O'Hearn (Richard, Critical development theory: contributions to a new paradigm, GoogleBooks, 158, AMiles) 

A third reason that the world economy is unsustainable is that some of the chemicals
AND
If the human race is not sustainable then neither is its economic system. 

Industrial pesticides cause extinction
WDP 97—Western Daily Press, 10/6/1997. “Diana's gone all sari-eyed,” Lexis.

For new research claims that PMT - which is supposed to be due to drops
AND
cause a teensy- weensy bit of disturbance in women now and again?
2NC No War

Economic decline doesn’t cause war – military competition is expensive and states with weak economies want to divert resources away from it to help the economy – that’s Bennett and Nordstrom

Growth unsustainable – the complexity of the current system makes collapse inevitable – degradation of the environment and resource consumption cannot continue – all innovation has diminishing rates of returns and will fail
Debora MacKenzie, 4/5/2008. Science journalist who writes regularly in New Scientist and other publications. “Are we doomed?” New Scientist, Ebsco.

Others think our problems run deeper. From the moment our ancestors started to settle
AND
stagnation or collapse, and in the long run this cannot be sustainable.

Eminent Collapse Now Good- only way to shift to a sustainable system – tech doesn’t solve
Jackson 9 (Tim Jackson is Professor of Sustainable Development at the University of Surrey and Director of the ESRC Research Group on Lifestyles, Values and Environment.2009. “Prosperity without growth? The transition to a sustainable economy”. Sustainable Development Commission. pg. 60-134 www.sd-commission.org.uk/.../prosperity_without_growth_report.pdf

Fear may not be all bad. The threat of imminent¶ collapse may have
AND
we settle for it, a little reflection¶ may be in order.¶ 

Extinction is inevitable but collapse solves - now’s key
Farrel 11 (Paul B., PhD and writer for WSJ MarketWatch, I’m just as surprised as you are that WSJ came out with an article like this, “A ‘no-growth’ boom will follow 2012 global crash”, http://articles.marketwatch.com/2011-08-23/commentary/30755764_1_catastrophe-global-economy-global-population, 8/23/11, JNP)
SAN LUIS OBISPO, Calif. (MarketWatch) — There is a global economic
AND
people will be consuming the equivalent of six Earths. Very bad news.

Now’s key- support capacity is declining, delay causes more death
Vail 5 (Jeff, attorney at Davis Graham and Stubbs LLP in Denver, Colorado specializing in litigation and energy issues, former intelligence officer with the US Air Force and energy infrastructure counterterrorism specialist with the US Department of the Interior, April 28, 2005, “The Logic of Collapse,” online: http://www.jeffvail.net/2005/04/logic-of-collapse.html)
But despite the declining marginal returns, society is not capable of reducing expenditure,
AND
that “this time, in our civilization, things will be different”?

Extinction is inevitable- collapse changes minds
Djordjevic 98 (Interdisciplinary Minor in Global Sustainability Senior Seminar University of California, Irvine, 1998, Johnny, “Sustainability”, Senior Seminar UC Irvine, March, http://www.dbc.uci.edu/sustain/global/sensem/djordj98.html)
Despite all the gloomy facts and sad stories, there is a solution, to
AND
in the developed world), otherwise the world will cease to support life.

Now’s key before we overstretch carrying capacity
Barry 8 (Dr. Glen, PhD Land Resources, Masters Sustainable Development, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, 1/14/8, JNP)

Given widespread failure to pursue policies sufficient to reverse deterioration of the biosphere and avoid
AND
natural voice remains largely unheard over the tumult of the end of being.¶ 

Resource depletion, environmental impacts, and financial inadequacies – empirics prove.
Heinberg 10 (Richard – Post Carbon Institute Senior Fellow-in-Residence, author of ten books, leading educator on Peak Oil theory – 11/12/10, “The End of Growth: Adapting to Our New Economic Reality,” New Society Publishers, http://www.postcarbon.org/article/178709-the-end-of-growth, ama

Why Is Growth Ending?¶ Many financial pundits point to profound problems internal to the
AND
all three are interacting, and are hitting home with ever more force.

Peak oil
Craft 11 (Doug Craft, CEO and Principal of Craft Geochemistry Consulting, 34 years’ experience as a research principal investigator and consultant working in a civil ¶ engineering/water resources management agency, May 2011, “Peak Oil and our Future, How Energy Consumption will Change our Lives”, http://dougcraftfineart.com/PeakOilandOurFutureEssaybyDougCraft.pdf
The important point of this section is that our current economic¶ system will likely
AND
supply growth, and the¶ specter of climate change disasters and war. 

Impossibility theorem
Daly and Townsend 93 (Herman Daly, Professor at the University of Maryland, School of Public Policy. From 1988 to 1994 he was Senior Economist in the Environment Department of the World Bank, Kenneth Townsend, Ph.D. Louisiana State University and professor at Hampden-Sydney College, January 1 1993, “Valuing the Earth: Economics, Ecology, Ethics”, The MIT Press, p. 267
Impossibility statements are the very foundation of science. It is impossible to: travel
AND
bad oxymoron—self-contradictory as prose, and unevocative as poetry.

Trajectory models
Smithsonian 12 April 2012, “Looking Back on the Limits of Growth”, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Looking-Back-on-the-Limits-of-Growth.html#
Recent research supports the conclusions of a controversial environmental study released 40 years ago:
AND
here,” he says. “We are not on a sustainable trajectory.”

Growth rewards environmental degradation – this positive feedback guarantees collapse.
David Korten, 1995. BA in psychology from Stanford University, MBA and Ph.D. degrees from the Stanford Business School, former Associate Professor of the Harvard University Graduate School of Business. When Corporations Rule The World, p. 30-31.

“The global economic system is rewarding corporations and their executives with generous profits and
AND
provide incentives to correct errant behavior and move the system back towards equilibrium.

Infinite growth impossible – the economy is a subsystem of the earth’s ecosystem which is limited.
Herman Daly, 1996. Former professor of economics at Louisiana State University and professor of ecological economics at the University of Maryland, Senior Research Scholar at the University of Maryland, School of Public Affairs and a member of the Board of Directors at Carrying Capacity Network. “Sustainable Growth? No Thank You,” The Case Against the Global Economy, p. 192-4.

IMPOSSIBILITY STATEMENTS are the very foundation of science. In science, many things are
AND
accelerate forever! This is hollow political verbiage, totally disconnected from reality.

Environmental costs and the growing rich/poor gap guarantee the collapse of globalization – any gains from growth are like winning at poker on the Titanic.
Jerry Mander, 1996. Director of the International Forum on Globalization. “Facing the Rising Tide,” The Case Against the Global Economy, p. 12.

All these problems must been seen as systemic. In Part Two of the book
AND
winners,” it will be like “winning at poker on the Titanic.”

Financial deregulation makes economic collapse inevitable.
Richard Barnet and John Cavanagh, 1996. senior fellow and director of the Institute for Policy Studies. “Electronic Money and the Casino Economy,” The Case Against the Global Economy, p. 360-1.

ON JANUARY 30, 1995, twenty-four hours before President Bill Clinton orchestrated
AND
collapse is possible. The following are some elements in this larger story. 

Collapse solves- your authors are in denial– the problem is so large that they don’t wish to acknowledge it
Farrel 11 (Paul B., PhD and writer for WSJ MarketWatch, I’m just as surprised as you are that WSJ came out with an article like this, “A ‘no-growth’ boom will follow 2012 global crash”, http://articles.marketwatch.com/2011-08-23/commentary/30755764_1_catastrophe-global-economy-global-population, 8/23/11, JNP)
“You really do have to wonder whether a few years from now we’ll look
AND
us slide into a sustained economic downturn and a global emergency lasting decades.”

Economic collapse causes peaceful shift away from globalization and industrialization.
Chris Lewis, June 2000. PhD American Studies Univ of Colorado Boulder. “The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Global Industrial Civilization,” www.cross-x.com/archives/LewisParadox.pdf.

With the collapse of global industrial civilization, smaller, autonomous, local and regional
AND
as modern people so often do, will themselves face collapse and ruin.

Collapse is inevitable but triggering it soon is critical to avoid extinction through environmental destruction.
John Cobb, 2006. Professor Emeritus at the Claremont School of Theology. “Democratizing the Economic Order,” The American Empire and the Commonwealth of God, p. 95-6.

Financial capitalism may be even more dependent on growth, and if expansion ceases,
AND
the resulting ecological collapse will be far more terrible than a financial collapse. 

Economic collapse eliminates the resources necessary to restart globalization – resource over consumption also makes collapse inevitable.
Chris Lewis, June 2000. PhD American Studies Univ of Colorado Boulder. “The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Global Industrial Civilization,” www.cross-x.com/archives/LewisParadox.pdf.

A more hopeful cause of the collapse of global industrial civilization is a global economic
AND
for wealth, natural resources, energy, and ecosystem services aren't sustainable. 

Elites won’t preserve the system—economic constraints will force them to follow the Third World’s lead.
Chris Lewis, June 2000. PhD American Studies Univ of Colorado Boulder. “The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Global Industrial Civilization,” www.cross-x.com/archives/LewisParadox.pdf

With the withdrawal of underdeveloped countries from the global economy within the next 30 to
AND
death and genocide that will arise from the collapse of global industrial civilization. 

Argentina proves—the foundations for a sustainable economy already exist and financial collapse triggers a return to them.
John Cobb, 2006. Professor Emeritus at the Claremont School of Theology. “Democratizing the Economic Order,” The American Empire and the Commonwealth of God, p. 96.

In this regard, developments in Argentina are instructive and basically encouraging. That country
AND
mitigate the ecological crisis and even, perhaps, to reduce its virulence.

Growth destroys global ecosystems – our models account for displacement of environmental damage to the Third World.
Marco Bagliani, Giangiacomo Bravo, and Silvana Dalmazzone, 4/15/2008. Istituto di Ricerche Economico Sociali, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Sustainability, Università di Torino, Dipartimento di Studi Sociali, Università di Brescia, Dipartimento di Economia Università di Torino. “A consumption-based approach to environmental Kuznets curves using the ecological footprint indicator,” Ecological Economics 65.3, Ebsco.

The analysis proposed in this paper leads to conclude that, when using the ecological
AND
only work locally until there are countries whose environment is allowed to deteriorate.

Growth makes eco-collapse inevitable
Speth 8—Served as President Jimmy Carter’s White House environmental adviser and as head of the United Nations’ largest agency for international development Prof at Vermont law school. Former dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University . Former Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, teaching environmental and constitutional law. .Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President. Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council. Was law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo L. Black JD, Yale. (James Gustave, The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability, Gigapedia, 6-9)

But the much larger and more threatening impacts stem from the economic activity of those
AND
modern capitalism, in each case seeking to identify the transformative changes needed. 

Extinction.
John Cairns, 2004. Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. “Future of Life on Earth,” Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, www.int-res.com/esepbooks/EB2Pt2.pdf.

One lesson from the five great global extinctions is that species and ecosystems come and
AND
they leave a less habitable planet for posterity by continuing to live unsustainably? 

Economic growth is the main cause of warming and biodiversity loss—tech can’t solve
Rosales 8—Department of Environmental Studies, St. Lawrence University (Jon, Economic Growth, Climate Change, Biodiversity Loss: Distributive Justice for the Global North and South, Conservation Biology, Volume 22, No. 6, 1409–1417, EBSCO)

Economic growth drives climate change, and attendant biodiversity loss, and the rate at
AND
growth is the main driver of climate-change-related biodiversity loss. 

No technology can solve as long as growth continues – it’s the key internal
Jackson, professor of sustainable development at the University of Surrey, 10/18/2008 Tim, “What politicians are afraid to say,” New Scientist, lexis

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has stated that to stabilise greenhouse
AND
, the very thing that is causing the problem in the first place. 

Modern protectionism would be different; controls for problems present in the ‘30s
Hines, 12 -   co-director of Finance for the Future,  Associate of the International Forum on Globalisation, former  Co-ordinator of Greenpeace International's Economics, contributing reporter for The Guardian (Colin, “ Welcome to progressive protectionism,” The Guardian, 4/20/12, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/apr/20/progressive-protectionism, JPL)
 Progressive protectionism by contrast would instead allow countries to wean themselves off export dependence
AND
then campaign for it. The time to start that debate is now. 

Protectionism is inevitable and benign—results in cooperation
Hines, 12 -  co-director of Finance for the Future,  Associate of the International Forum on Globalisation, former  Co-ordinator of Greenpeace International's Economics, contributing reporter for The Guardian (Colin, “Localization, A Global Manifesto, An Intemperate Introduction,” Progressive Protectionism, 2012, http://www.progressiveprotectionism.com/lgm.php, JPL)
 The clarion call to be internationally competitive has become so powerful that it has
AND
gives way to the potentially more cooperative better-your–neighbour localization.  

Protectionism won’t escalate—multiple institutional and internal checks
Garten 9
(Garten, Jefferey E., professor of finance and international trade at the Yale School of Management, February 6, 2009,“Is Protectionism Unavoidable?”, http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/protectionism-unavoidable) FS

Our best hope is that governments act with some constraint. They should consult with
AND
take some pressure off having to take protectionist measures in the first place.
For supporters of more rather than less trade, of whom I am one, it’s no use just screaming about the evils of protectionism. The premium now is on limiting it as much as realistically possible.

Tournament: New Trier | Round: 6 | Opponent: Hooch LW | Judge: Richard Day
1NC
1
The Grammar of civil society masks past atrocities – the only ethical rebar is that of the savage and/or slave – hold them accountable to set the state for ontological suffering
Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg. 1-5)

Leaving aside for the moment their state of mind… …the foundation of the close reading of feature films and political theory that follows.
2
Civil societies reliance on white supremacy is the basis for genocide, ontological violence based on the penal system, and the eradication of the non-white other.  It outweighs all impacts.
Rodriguez, summer 2008 (Dylan, Prof of Ethnic Studies at UC Riverside, “Race, Gender, and Immigration in the Globality of the U.S. Prison Regime” The Scholar and Feminist Online http://sfonline.barnard.edu/immigration/print_drodriguez.htm)

White supremacist social, economic, and cultural formations organic to the… …) of U.S. national formation, civil society building, and globality.

3
The alternative is to refuse the 1ac to death.  Each affirmation allows civil society more coherence than the alt alone.  
Wilderson III 2007 (Frank B. Assistant Professor of African American Studies and Drama at UC Irvine, Warfare in the American Homeland-Policing and Prison in a Penal Democracy Edit By James Joy, Pg 31-33)

Slavery is the great leveler of the black subject's positionality. The black American … …) but that must, nonetheless, be pursued to the death.
EXTRA
4
Engagement with Cuba perpetuates anti-black racism
Zurbano 2013 (Roberto Zurbano, editor and publisher of the Casa de las Américas publishing house, “For Blacks in Cuba the Revolution Hasn’t Begun”, New York Times, 3/23/ http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/24/opinion/sunday/for-blacks-in-cuba-the-revolution-hasnt-begun.html)

Most remittances from abroad — mainly the Miami area, the nerve center of the mostly white exile community — … … and overrepresented in the underground economy, in the criminal sphere and in marginal neighborhoods.
5
Anti-Blackness is the root cause of all oppression – its impossible to be anti-anything else without being anti-black.
Sexton, 2010 (Jared, Director of African American Studies School of Humanities @ UC Irvine, “The Curtain of the Sky': An Introduction” Critical Sociology 36.1)

This is why his moments of analytic generalization in the name of global … …, where clashes break out on all sides, where lies and demagoguery are the sole masters’ (Fanon 2008: 84).3
6
Framing oppression in terms of individual actors is a liberal tactic that shatters collective agency against whiteness
Wang 12 (Jackie, Queer womn of color, Writer for LIES is a new journal spearheaded by a feminist collective based in multiple cities: Oakland, Baltimore, New York, London, New Orleans, A journal of materialist feminism vol. 1, Against Innocence: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Safety, http://libcom.org/files/lies-final-download-single-page.pdf, JG)

For weeks after reading the article I kept contemplating the … … sentenced to death for murdering or assaulting abusive partners).
7
Butler relies on a Eurocentric concept of the “human” by positing a homology of vulnerability
Scheuller 2009 (Mahani, Professor of English at the University of Florida, “Decolonizing Global Theories Today” in Interventions 11.2)

This vulnerability, Butler argues, is constituted and emphasized through¶ recognition… … the parallel between national policy as subject (mentioned¶ earlier) and the ‘human’ subject

8
safety requires the erasure and abjection of colored bodies which creates a false sense of peace in a state of perpetual violence
Wang 12 (Jackie, Queer womn of color, Writer for LIES is a new journal spearheaded by a feminist collective based in multiple cities: Oakland, Baltimore, New York, London, New Orleans, A journal of materialist feminism vol. 1, Against Innocence: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Safety, http://libcom.org/files/lies-final-download-single-page.pdf, JG)

The ethicality of our locations and identities (as people within the US living under global capitalism)… …, and economic relations that legalize, normalize, legitimize, and — above all — are constituted by this repetition of violence.
9
Its try or die for the negative – social death means there is nothing to lose for the black body.
Sexton, 2010 (Jared, Director of African American Studies School of Humanities @ UC Irvine, “The Curtain of the Sky': An Introduction” Critical Sociology 36.1)

Malcolm X, by another route, was not far from this formulation in his famous ‘The Ballot or the Bullet’ address, delivered … …Can’t have (even when we got), can’t be (even when we are): a strange freedom in the heart of slavery.
10
you cannot calculate what is not counted in the first place
Wang 12 (Jackie, Queer womn of color, Writer for LIES is a new journal spearheaded by a feminist collective based in multiple cities: Oakland, Baltimore, New York, London, New Orleans, A journal of materialist feminism vol. 1, Against Innocence: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Safety, http://libcom.org/files/lies-final-download-single-page.pdf, JG)

The engineering and management of urban space also demarcates the limits of our political imagination … ... Or rather, there are no subjects seen as worthy of having a story of their own
11
Negation is the only ethical act that can be taken in the world of colonialism.
Marriott, 2007 (David, Professor of History @ UC Santa Cruz, Haunted Life:  Visual Culture and Black Modernity Pg 237-240)

In Fanon it may be that the imperative of decolonization becomes an ethical law—hence his ambiguous references to Kant—… …and this is the price we pay for life lived at the limits of both political virtue and political violence
12
Militancy is key
Wang 12 (Jackie, Queer womn of color, Writer for LIES is a new journal spearheaded by a feminist collective based in multiple cities: Oakland, Baltimore, New York, London, New Orleans, A journal of materialist feminism vol. 1, Against Innocence: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Safety, http://libcom.org/files/lies-final-download-single-page.pdf, JG)

On the flip side of this is a radical queer critique that has recently been leveled against the “safe space” … … for comfort on the innocence of their location or subject-position.
13
SAME AS 6
Wang 12 (Jackie, Queer womn of color, Writer for LIES is a new journal spearheaded by a feminist collective based in multiple cities: Oakland, Baltimore, New York, London, New Orleans, A journal of materialist feminism vol. 1, Against Innocence: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Safety, http://libcom.org/files/lies-final-download-single-page.pdf, JG)

For weeks after reading the article I kept contemplating the question: … … as exemplified by the high rates of women who are imprisoned or sentenced to death for murdering or assaulting abusive partners).
14
Claims that we deny black individuality are false – black optimists do not consider that social life posits itself against social death and links back to its own critique.

Sexton, Fall/Winter 2011 (Jared, Director of African American Studies School of Humanities @ UC Irvine, “The Social Life of Social Death: On Afro-Pessimism and Black Optimism” InTension Issue 5)

19 In recent years, social death has emerged from a period of latency as a notion useful for … … implications of this agreed- upon point where arguments (should) begin, but they cannot (yet) proceed.\
15
Progressivism applied to blackness produces an unrealizable dream of liberation which is parasitic on the black body – guarantees black suffering – blackness is the absence of freedom
Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg 21-23)

Furthermore, the circulation of Blackness as metaphor and image at … …—for they have no line of flight leading to the Slave.
16
Black Optimist critique is only a minor disagreement – They agree on the same premise, but just use it differently, this is not an answer.
Sexton, 2012 (Jared, “ANTE-ANTI-BLACKNESS: AFTERTHOUGHTS” Lateral Journal Issue 1 http://lateral.culturalstudiesassociation.org/issue1/sexton.html)

A living death is a much a death as it is a living. Nothing in … …It is all about the implications of this agreed upon point where arguments (should) begin, but they cannot (yet) proceed.

17
Social Death is social life, black optimism and afro-pessimism are the flip sides of the same coin.

Sexton, Fall/Winter 2011 (Jared, Director of African American Studies School of Humanities @ UC Irvine, “The Social Life of Social Death: On Afro-Pessimism and Black Optimism” InTension Issue 5)

31 This is another way of asking and bringing into the open a … … Afro-pessimism is “not but nothing other than” black optimism.xvii
18
Brown goes our way - Brown concludes those are instances of survival not political agency

Brown, 2009 (Vincent, African Studies Professor @ Harvard, “Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery” Dec.  Historical Review  Vol. 114. No. 5 http://history.fas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/documents/brown-socialdeath.pdf)

This view of the cultural challenges facing the enslaved … … over the most elemental aspects of social life informed even the most elevated artifacts of political history.52
19
Embracing the middle passage and mourning the lives lost force us to remember social death.

Hartman, Fall 2002, (Saidiya, specialist in African American literature and history and a professor at Columbia University, “In Time of Slavery” The South Atlantic Quarterly 101.4 Project Muse)

At the portal that symbolized the finality of departure and the impossibility of reversion, … …, and the phantom presence of the departed and the dead eclipsed by our simulated captivity.
20
Focus on remembering the past only hides the social death of the present.  

Hartman, Fall 2002, (Saidiya, specialist in African American literature and history and a professor at Columbia University, “In Time of Slavery” The South Atlantic Quarterly 101.4 Project Muse)

History that hurts. The dungeon provides no redemption. Reckoning with … …history is an injury that has yet to cease happening?

21
Coherence in civil society requires the killing of the Black body

Wilderson III, 2003 (Frank B. Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, “Gramsci's Black Marx: Whither the Slave in Civil Society?” Social Identities 9.2 Taylor and Francis)

And it is well known that a metaphor comes into .. … which means they contain the seeds of anti-blackness.
22
The classic leftist position of being “for nothing and against everything” will not fly 

Wang 12 (Jackie, Queer womn of color, Writer for LIES is a new journal spearheaded by a feminist collective based in multiple cities: Oakland, Baltimore, New York, London, New Orleans, A journal of materialist feminism vol. 1, Against Innocence: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Safety, http://libcom.org/files/lies-final-download-single-page.pdf, JG)

With that being said, my reluctance to jam Black rage into a white framework … … anti-Blackness, or only addresses it as a by-product of capitalism, is deficient.

23
Politics that focus on exploitation (i.e. – the satiable demands of civil society’s junior partners) produce a narrative of loss followed by restoration. These are the contingent freedoms that replace the Black void with a positive Human value; within the world and not against it. What is needed is freedom from the human race, the world, Gratuitous Freedom that demand not that the Black be made living again, but to bring the living to death.

Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg 141-143)

As sites of political struggle and loci of philosophical meditation, … ... This is not an Afrocentric question. It is a question through which the dead ask themselves how to put the living out of the picture.

24
Any focus on class first misunderstands a fundamental antagonism of civil society.  Only focus on the black body can solve.  And capital is not the root cause.

Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg 12 – 15)

Toward the end of the first volume of Capital-after informing us "… … power of the master over convicts in the New World was more circumscribed than that of the slave owner over the slave:'22
25
d. Rhetoric of poverty and poorness produces an attitude of passivity which is complicit with colonialism

Adelman 2009 (Sam, School of Law University of Warwick, “Two Crises: Impovershment and Sovereign Biopolitics” in conference proceedings found at http://www.iese.ac.mz/lib/publication/II_conf/CP1_2009_Adelman.pdf)

According to the Russian proverb, … …, imperialism and developmentalism is thereby masked.
26
Single focus bad – obscures banality of white supremacy in the law 

Tibbs Associate Professor of Law, Drexel University College of Law and Woods Assistant Professor of Criminology, Sonoma State University 2008 Donald F. and Tryon P. Seattle Journal for Social Justice 7 Seattle J. Soc. Just. 235 lexis 

Reviewing the history of the black experience before the … … characterizes black suffering in the age of raw life, and constitutes the vernacular for everything in this society. n57
27
The permutation can never result in dialectical synthesis 

Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg 42)

The three structuring positionalities of the U.S. (Whites, Indians, Blacks) … …, or what Haunani Kay- Trask calls “intra-settler discussions.”

28
Obscures violence

Sexton, Summer 2010 (Jared, Director, African American Studies School of Humanities @ UC Irvine, “People-of-Color-Blindness:  Notes on the Afterlife of Slavery” Social Text 28.2 Duke University Press)

The upshot of this predicament is that obscuring the … … nothing less momentous than yet another revolution.78
29
They lack paradigmatic analysis – the settler and the slave experience a different, irreconcilable relationship with violence – you cannot risk identifying with the politics of the master

Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg 30-32)

My analysis of socially engaged feature films insists upon an intellectual … … (Ronald Judy notwithstanding). It is a question we turn to now, in Chapter 1, “The Ruse of Analogy.”
30
The plan’s part of the permutation is useless – only a risk it gets privileged – their political discourse renders the grammar of suffering invisible

Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg. 6-7)

The difficulty of a writing a book which seeks to … … society recuperate and maintain stability. But this stability is a state of emergency for Indians and Blacks.
31
Intersectionality is sus

Wilderson III, 2010 (Frank B., Prof of African American studies and drama @ UC Irvine, Red White and Black:  Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms Pg 21-23)

No one makes films and declares their own films “Human” … …definition of all social categories other than those of race.
32
Critical Condo Good

Medina and Perry '11 (Mia, University of British Columbia, Carmen, Indiana University "Embodiment and Performance in Pedagogy Research: Investigating the Possibility of the Body in Curriculum Experience" Journal of Curriculum Theorizing Volume 27, Number 3, 2 http://www.academia.edu/470170/Embodiment_and_performance_in_pedagogy_The_possibility_of_the_body_in_curriculum)

The body in pedagogy and research is a site of learning, … … around embodiment, a continuation of the inquiry put forwardhere, becomes ever more relevant.
33
But really

DISCH ‘93 (Lisa J.; Professor of Political Theory – University of Minnesota, “More Truth Than Fact: Storytelling as Critical Understanding in the Writings of Hannah Arendt,” Political Theory 21:4, November)

What Hannah Arendt called “my old fashioned storytelling”… … principles or objective facts but to tell provocative stories that invite contestation form rival perspectives.15
34
Racism is upheld by deliberate, politically expedient games centered around threats of nuclear annihilation-stop the cycle by voting negative 

Omalade 84 (Barbera, works with the City College Center for Worker Education in New York City, has been a historian of black women for the past twenty years and an organizer in both the women's and civil rights/black power movements) Women’s Studies Quarterly v.12 no.2

As women of color, who are warriors in continual struggle to reclaim our … … sexism, imperialism, cultural integrity, and housing? Who will stand up?
35
Warming is a product of racism that seeks to uphold white consumption - only a dismantling of racist structures can solve 

Mandell, 4/1/2008 (Bekah J.D, “Racial Reification and Global Warming: A Truly Inconvenient Truth” Boston College Third World Law Journal Volume 28 Issue 24 http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1046andcontext=twlj)

Global warming is an unforeseen side effect of the policies and … … ameliorate global warming, but are unwilling to embrace significant or meaningful actions to address the crisis.41

36
Securitizing nuclear proliferation roots the affirmative in colonial knowledge production.  The claim that new proliferation is categorically distinct from the existing risk reifies the orientalist binary that structures modern international relations and violently represents the global south. 

Gusterson 1999 (Hugh, prof anthro @ George Mason, “Nuclear Weapons and the Other in the Western Imagination”

According to the literature on risk in anthropology, shared … …north-south confrontation; and (4) it legitimates the nuclear monopoly of the recognized nuclear powers.
37
Their terrorism advantage is based on the exportation of a violent anxiety and fear of raced bodies

Rodriguez ‘07 Dylan, PhD in Ethnic Studies Program of the University of California Berkeley and Associate Proffessor of Ethnic Studies at University of California Riverside, “American Globality And the US Prison regime: State Violence And White Supremacy from Abu Ghraib to Stockton to bagong diwa”, Ateneo de Manila University, 2007, Kritika Kultura 9 (2007): 022-048

To consider the US prison as a global practice … …of the US state, but are no less implicated in the global reach of US state formation?
38
Only whites can have faith in the legal system 

Wang 12 (Jackie, Queer womn of color, Writer for LIES is a new journal spearheaded by a feminist collective based in multiple cities: Oakland, Baltimore, New York, London, New Orleans, A journal of materialist feminism vol. 1, Against Innocence: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Safety, http://libcom.org/files/lies-final-download-single-page.pdf)

The insistence on innocence results in a refusal to hear … …Rejecting the politics of innocence is not about assuming a certain theoretical posture or adopting a certain perspective — it is a lived position.
39
education for the Black body is already poor, this proves the whiteness model doesn’t help.  

Leonardo and Zembylas, 2013 (Zues, Associate Professor of Education at UC Berkeley, and Michalinos Assistant Professor of Education at the Open University of Cyprus and Director of Curriculum Development for CARDET, “Whiteness as Technology of Affect: Implications for Educational Praxis” Equity and Excellence in Education 46.1 Taylor and Francis)

To some U.S. scholars in education, race and education are so intertwined, … … a transformation whereby a different kind of focus has arrived on the scene.

40
Anti-Blackness is the most important part of EVERY resolution and Framework. It is the backbone of this activity and all its theory. Anti-Blackness MUST be confronted. 

Evans 2012 (Rashad W., Former Winner of CEDA, Lawyer, Director of Debate at West Connecticut , “More on Debate and Anti-Blackness”, http://www.rwesq.com/ (accessed 11/26/12), C.A.)

Now, back in the day, I was that nigga. I was that nigga that you all… … only know how to talk to people who you prefer. This isn’t working.

41
Your silence on Anti-Blackness reflects the REFUSAL to confront the inequities suffered by Black debaters. 

Resistance Debate 2012 (Rashad, Lawyer/Winner of CEDA/Coach at Bx Law, Shanara Rose, Professor of African American Studies at U of Pit, Jillian Marty, Former Towson Coach,/Former Debater, Amber Kelsie, Former Member of the IMPACT Coalition, works along Dr. Brinkley at U of Pit, “An Open Letter to Sarah Spring”, http://resistanceanddebate.wordpress.com/2012/11/12/an-open-letter-to-sarah-spring/)

Lack of community discussion is neither random nor power-neutral. … … when response was given.  Sarah Spring’s cedadebate post is a case in point. 

42
Whiteness injests its own negativity for anti-racism.  Accepting their framework lets racist education continue unquestioned  

Leonardo and Zembylas, 2013 (Zues, Associate Professor of Education at UC Berkeley, and Michalinos Assistant Professor of Education at the Open University of Cyprus and Director of Curriculum Development for CARDET, “Whiteness as Technology of Affect: Implications for Educational Praxis” Equity and Excellence in Education 46.1 Taylor and Francis)

One of the technologies of whiteness is its ability to project itself as its own alibi. … …, we will fail to appreciate the important implications of this idea for educational theory and praxis.
43
(no idea what the tag was) – something like “worrying about the environment is racist”
Duffield 2011 (Mark, Professor of Sociology at Bristol, “Total War as Environmental Terror…” in South Atlantic Quarterly 110.3)

Total war is usually understood in terms of the … …strategize power without the need for negotiation or compromise.

44
Specifically their appeal to the “federal government” as the starting point for all debate ignores the way in which their advocacies entrench racism.

DSRB 08 (Shanara Rose Reid-Brinkley, Assistant Professor of African American Studies and Communications as well as the Director of Debate at the University of Pittsburgh, “THE HARSH REALITIES OF “ACTING BLACK”: HOW AFRICAN-AMERICAN POLICY DEBATERS NEGOTIATE REPRESENTATION THROUGH RACIAL PERFORMANCE AND STYLE,” 2008.http://www.comm.pitt.edu/faculty/documents/reid-brinkley_shanara_r_200805_phd.pdf)

RACISM IS ONE OF THE LEADING EXPORTS … …HOSTILE TO THOSE DEBATE BODIES MARKED BY DIFFERENCE. 

45
Their exclusion of our speech is a police act- it sustains racial stratification and denies racial identity- results in the extermination of racial politics

Francis 2007(Toni P, University of South Florida- Scholar Commons- Graduate School Theses and Dissertations USF Graduate School “Identity politics: Postcolonial theory and writing program instructor” June Taylor and Francis)

If we accept McLaren’s postmodern assertion that reality is constituted … …uncertainties necessitate further inquiry into the relationship between identity and discourse appropriation.

Tournament: Bronx | Round: Octas | Opponent: Blake SW | Judge: Bman, Greg Porter, Jackie Chen
see all whiteness cites

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 6 | Opponent: Niles West | Judge: McGrath
Even 1 risk justifies action ---- the consequences are too big
Strom 7 (Robert, Prof. Emeritus Planetary Sciences @ U. Arizona and Former Dir. Space Imagery Center of NASA, “Hot House: Global Climate Change and the Human Condition”, Online: SpringerLink, p. 246)
Keep in mind that the current consequences of global warming discussed in previous chapters are
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more clearly define what awaits us. The time for action is now.

The impact is quick ---- 50 months to extinction
Guardian Weekly 8 (8 – 15 – (Andrew Simms, “Guardian Weekly: Just 100 months left to save Earth: Andrew Simms on a New Green Deal that could forestall the climate change tipping point”, L/N)
*(it was 100 months as of 2008, so now it is around 50 months)

In just 100 months' time, if we are lucky, and based on a
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changes to the climate system, and the effect of those environmental feedbacks.

Warming outweighs nuclear war
NYT, 6 (The New York End Times 2006 (The New York End Times is a non-partisan, non-religious, non-ideological, free news filter. We monitor world trends and events as they pertain to two vital  threats - war and extinction. We use a proprietary methodology to quantify movements between the extremes of war and peace, harmony and extinction.  http://newyorkendtimes.com/extinctionscale.asp) 

We rate Global Climate Change as a greater threat for human extinction in this century
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monitor war separately. However we also need to incorporate the dangers here.  

Warming turns their war impacts
a. Probability—warming’s a threat multiplier
Scheffran 09 (Jurgen Scheffran, Chair of Research Group on Climate Change and Security for the World Future Council; Professor at University of Hamburg; “ Climate Change, Nuclear Risks, and Nuclear Disarmament: From Security Threats to Sustainable Peace; November 2009; http://www.worldfuturecouncil.org/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/110517_WFC_Scheffran_Report.pdf)
Following hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the IPCC reports in 2007, attention increasingly shifted
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over- burden states and regions which are already fragile and conflict prone.

b. Magnitude—causes destabilization which leads causes conflict escalation
Scheffran 09 (Jurgen Scheffran, Chair of Research Group on Climate Change and Security for the World Future Council; Professor at University of Hamburg; “ Climate Change, Nuclear Risks, and Nuclear Disarmament: From Security Threats to Sustainable Peace; November 2009; http://www.worldfuturecouncil.org/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/110517_WFC_Scheffran_Report.pdf)
In the future, nuclear and climate risks may interfere with each other in a
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speak of the possibility of a nuclear winter that would disrupt the atmosphere.

c.) Growth turns war escalation – inflates perceptions of strength and chance of victory
Boehmer 10 (Charles, professor of political science at the University of Texas – El Paso and Ph.D. in Political Science from Pennsylvania State University, “Economic Growth and Violent International Conflict: 1875-1999,” Defence and Peace Economics, June, Vol. 21, Issue 3, pg. 249-268)

The theory of economic growth and conflict presented here rests on the basic assumption that
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and be more resolved to stand their ground and thus escalate a crisis.

Economic collapse doesn’t cause instability
Zakaria 9 (Fareed,  was named editor of Newsweek International in October 2000, overseeing all Newsweek editions abroad, December 12, 2009, “The Secrets of Stability,” http://www.newsweek.com/2009/12/11/the-secrets-of-stability.html

Others predicted that these economic shocks would lead to political instability and violence in the
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. The predictions of economic and political collapse have not materialized at all.

Economic collapse forces countries to focus inward – solves risk of conflict
D. Scott Bennett and Timothy Nordstrom, February 2000. Department of Political Science Professors at Pennsylvania State. “Foreign Policy Substitutability and Internal Economic Problems in Enduring Rivalries,” Journal of Conflict Resolution, Ebsco.

INTERNAL CONDITIONS AND EXTERNAL BEHAVIOR: IMPROVEMENTS By coming at externalization from the substitutability perspective
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and we are looking for correlations between failed externalization attempts and further diversion.

Even if conflicts occur they won’t escalate
D. Scott Bennett and Timothy Nordstrom, February 2000. Department of Political Science Professors at Pennsylvania State. “Foreign Policy Substitutability and Internal Economic Problems in Enduring Rivalries,” Journal of Conflict Resolution, Ebsco.

When engaging in diversionary actions in response to economic problems, leaders will be most
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purposes, states should avoid conflict initiation against target states experiencing economic problems.

Countries can’t start wars when their economies decline – only growth triggers conflict
D. Scott Bennett and Timothy Nordstrom, February 2000. Department of Political Science Professors at Pennsylvania State. “Foreign Policy Substitutability and Internal Economic Problems in Enduring Rivalries,” Journal of Conflict Resolution, Ebsco.

Alternative relationships between domestic economic performance and international conflict also have been proposed, perhaps
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states become targets) differs from a strategic application of diversionary conflict theory. 

?

Growth makes war inevitable
Trainer 2 —Senior Lecturer of School of Social Work @ University of New South Wales (Ted, If You Want Affluence, Prepare for War, Democracy and Nature, Vol. 8, No. 2, EBSCO)

If this limits-to-growth analysis is at all valid, the implications
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that is not possible unless rich countries move to ‘The Simpler Way’. 

Extinction – makes their war scenarios inevitable
Chase-Dunn 96—Distinguished Professor of Sociology and Director of the Institute for Research on World-Systems at the University of (Christopher, Conflict Among Core States: World-System Cycles and Trends, 23 January 1996, http://wsarch.ucr.edu/archive/papers/c-dandhall/warprop.htm)
Note-figure omitted 

Late in the K-wave upswing (i.e. in the 2020s
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war). Boswell and Sweat call this the "resource theory of war." 

Even if they win their internal link, we outweigh
Probability and escalation
Mager 86 Nathan, economist, The Kondratieif Waves, p 197-8

The overall trend of the economy shapes perceptions as to its strength and direction.
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wars tend to be more desperate, more widespread, and more destructive.

Tie breaker – even if they win a risk of their impact, wars during economic growth are comparatively worse – vote neg.
Goldstein 88, professor of International Relations at American University, Joshua S., Long Cycles, pg 29

Kondratieff’s response to Trotsky’s argument was that Trotsky “takes an idealist point of view
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and innovations are thus products, not causes, of the long wave.

Your args are based on correlation not causation
Miller 2k – Professor of Management, Ottawa (Morris, Poverty As A Cause Of Wars?, http://www.pugwash.org/reports/pac/pac256/WG4draft1.htm, AG)

Thus, these armed conflicts can hardly be said to be caused by poverty as
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by increasing repression (thereby using one form of violence to abort another. 

Growth causes endocrine disruption and extinction
Douthwaite 99—council member of Comhar, the Irish government's national sustainability council and a Fellow of the Post Carbon Institute. Visiting lecturer at the University of Plymouth —ED By Ronaldo Munck andDenis O'Hearn (Richard, Critical development theory: contributions to a new paradigm, GoogleBooks, 158, AMiles) 

A third reason that the world economy is unsustainable is that some of the chemicals
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If the human race is not sustainable then neither is its economic system. 

Growth causes oxygen and ozone collapse
Alteri 2k (Miguel, Ph.D in Entomology, Division of Insect Biology, U.C. Berkeley http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/~agroeco3/modern_agriculture.html) 

The specialization of production units has led to the image that agriculture is a modern
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family farms, wildlife, the environment, and rural communities (10).

That causes extinction—
1st oxygen  
Tatchell 8 – human rights activist, internally quotes ecologists (Peter, 8/13, The oxygen crisis, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/aug/13/carbonemissions.climatechange, AG)

Compared to prehistoric times, the level of oxygen in the earth's atmosphere has declined
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reproductive capacity of sea life, which could further diminish global fish supplies.

2nd ozone  
Greenpeace, 1995. “Full of Homes: The Montreal Protocol and the Continuing Destruction of the Ozone Layer,” http://archive.greenpeace.org/ozone/holes/holebg.html.

When chemists Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina first postulated a link between chlorofluorocarbons and ozone
AND
so quickly - the stakes are literally the continuation of life on earth. 

Collapse solves- your authors are in denial– the problem is so large that they don’t wish to acknowledge it
Farrel 11 (Paul B., PhD and writer for WSJ MarketWatch, I’m just as surprised as you are that WSJ came out with an article like this, “A ‘no-growth’ boom will follow 2012 global crash”, http://articles.marketwatch.com/2011-08-23/commentary/30755764_1_catastrophe-global-economy-global-population, 8/23/11, JNP)
“You really do have to wonder whether a few years from now we’ll look
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us slide into a sustained economic downturn and a global emergency lasting decades.”

Economic collapse causes peaceful shift away from globalization and industrialization.
Chris Lewis, June 2000. PhD American Studies Univ of Colorado Boulder. “The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Global Industrial Civilization,” www.cross-x.com/archives/LewisParadox.pdf.

With the collapse of global industrial civilization, smaller, autonomous, local and regional
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as modern people so often do, will themselves face collapse and ruin.

Collapse is inevitable but triggering it soon is critical to avoid extinction through environmental destruction.
John Cobb, 2006. Professor Emeritus at the Claremont School of Theology. “Democratizing the Economic Order,” The American Empire and the Commonwealth of God, p. 95-6.

Financial capitalism may be even more dependent on growth, and if expansion ceases,
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the resulting ecological collapse will be far more terrible than a financial collapse. 

Economic collapse eliminates the resources necessary to restart globalization – resource over consumption also makes collapse inevitable.
Chris Lewis, June 2000. PhD American Studies Univ of Colorado Boulder. “The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Global Industrial Civilization,” www.cross-x.com/archives/LewisParadox.pdf.

A more hopeful cause of the collapse of global industrial civilization is a global economic
AND
for wealth, natural resources, energy, and ecosystem services aren't sustainable. 

Elites won’t preserve the system—economic constraints will force them to follow the Third World’s lead.
Chris Lewis, June 2000. PhD American Studies Univ of Colorado Boulder. “The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Global Industrial Civilization,” www.cross-x.com/archives/LewisParadox.pdf

With the withdrawal of underdeveloped countries from the global economy within the next 30 to
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death and genocide that will arise from the collapse of global industrial civilization. 

Argentina proves—the foundations for a sustainable economy already exist and financial collapse triggers a return to them.
John Cobb, 2006. Professor Emeritus at the Claremont School of Theology. “Democratizing the Economic Order,” The American Empire and the Commonwealth of God, p. 96.

In this regard, developments in Argentina are instructive and basically encouraging. That country
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mitigate the ecological crisis and even, perhaps, to reduce its virulence.
?

The transition is possible and would be peaceful
Trainer 2    Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work, University of New South Wales (Australia)Ted, “If You Want Affluence, Prepare for War,” Democracy and Nature, Vol 8, No 2, 2002

The conditions for peace The logically inescapable implication from the foregoing discussion is that global
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growth overall economy. Most difficult would be the radical changes in values.

Collapse of Global Economy would spark an ethical system
Klassen 4    Progressief Informatie Netwerk Personnel Nicholas, Issue 54 of Adbusters magazine,” http://www.adbusters.org/magazine/54...economics.html

Picture it. In the not-too-distant future, the US economy
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from the ashes, a new economy infused with a moral compass emerged?

The transition away from growth will be peaceful – maintaining growth guarantees great power conflicts
Trainer 2    Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work, University of New South Wales (Australia)
Ted, “If You Want Affluence, Prepare for War,” Democracy and Nature, Vol 8, No 2, 2002

It should not need to be said that none of this is to justify the
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within the industrial world over their share of industrial resources and markets …’70

Movements against growth now
Speth 8—Served as President Jimmy Carter’s White House environmental adviser and as head of the United Nations’ largest agency for international development Prof at Vermont law school. Former dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University . Former Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, teaching environmental and constitutional law. .Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President. Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council. Was law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo L. Black JD, Yale. (James Gustave, The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability, Gigapedia, 83)

The seriousness of looming environmental threats is slowly sinking in, driven largely by the
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are now spurring a new, activist youth-led movement for change. 

Movement to localization now—economic collapse causes mass transition
Trainer 3—Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work, University of New South Wales (Ted, The Present Scope of the Global Alternative Sciety Movement, http://ssis2.arts.unsw.edu.au/tsw/D67.The-GASM.html)

Although a minor phenomenon at present, it is likely that this shift in thinking
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and want to set up viable local alternatives." (p. 150.)

Transition to small communities
Lewis 98 (Chris, Ph.d in American Studies, The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Modern Industrial Civilization, Part of The Coming Age of Scarcity, p44-45, http://books.google.com/books?id=Dx9nCcpQhegCandprintsec=frontcover#v=onepageandqandf=true)

I will argue that we are witnessing the collapse of global industrial civilization. Driven
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, and human control over the natural world have produced such catastrophic results?

Reusable materials
Nader 12 (Ralph, Princeton and Harvard grad, assistant professor of history and government at the University of Hartford, “The rise of re-use”, http://transitionvoice.com/2012/05/the-rise-of-re-use/, 5/25/12, JNP)

Last week I read that the glitzy world of virtual reality created instant multi-
AND
.S. before the advent of our throw-away corporate culture.

Economic collapse is inevitable – further delay destroys the biosphere and ensures that the future collapse causes extinction.
Glen Barry, January 2008. PhD in Land resources and a Masters of Science in Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development from University of Wisconsin-Madison. “Economic Collapse and Global Ecology,” http://earthmeanders.blogspot.com/2008/01/economic-collapse-and-global-ecology.html.

Given widespread failure to pursue policies sufficient to reverse deterioration of the biosphere and avoid
AND

or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon.

?

Eminent Collapse Now Good- only way to shift to a sustainable system – tech doesn’t solve
Jackson 9 (Tim Jackson is Professor of Sustainable Development at the University of Surrey and Director of the ESRC Research Group on Lifestyles, Values and Environment.2009. “Prosperity without growth? The transition to a sustainable economy”. Sustainable Development Commission. pg. 60-134 www.sd-commission.org.uk/.../prosperity_without_growth_report.pdf

Fear may not be all bad. The threat of imminent¶ collapse may have
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we settle for it, a little reflection¶ may be in order.¶ 

Extinction is inevitable but collapse solves - now’s key
Farrel 11 (Paul B., PhD and writer for WSJ MarketWatch, I’m just as surprised as you are that WSJ came out with an article like this, “A ‘no-growth’ boom will follow 2012 global crash”, http://articles.marketwatch.com/2011-08-23/commentary/30755764_1_catastrophe-global-economy-global-population, 8/23/11, JNP)
SAN LUIS OBISPO, Calif. (MarketWatch) — There is a global economic
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people will be consuming the equivalent of six Earths. Very bad news.

Now’s key- support capacity is declining, delay causes more death
Vail 5 (Jeff, attorney at Davis Graham and Stubbs LLP in Denver, Colorado specializing in litigation and energy issues, former intelligence officer with the US Air Force and energy infrastructure counterterrorism specialist with the US Department of the Interior, April 28, 2005, “The Logic of Collapse,” online: http://www.jeffvail.net/2005/04/logic-of-collapse.html)
But despite the declining marginal returns, society is not capable of reducing expenditure,
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that “this time, in our civilization, things will be different”?

Extinction is inevitable- collapse changes minds
Djordjevic 98 (Interdisciplinary Minor in Global Sustainability Senior Seminar University of California, Irvine, 1998, Johnny, “Sustainability”, Senior Seminar UC Irvine, March, http://www.dbc.uci.edu/sustain/global/sensem/djordj98.html)
Despite all the gloomy facts and sad stories, there is a solution, to
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in the developed world), otherwise the world will cease to support life.

Now’s key before we overstretch carrying capacity
Barry 8 (Dr. Glen, PhD Land Resources, Masters Sustainable Development, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, 1/14/8, JNP)

Given widespread failure to pursue policies sufficient to reverse deterioration of the biosphere and avoid
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natural voice remains largely unheard over the tumult of the end of being.¶ 

Resource depletion, environmental impacts, and financial inadequacies – empirics prove.
Heinberg 10 (Richard – Post Carbon Institute Senior Fellow-in-Residence, author of ten books, leading educator on Peak Oil theory – 11/12/10, “The End of Growth: Adapting to Our New Economic Reality,” New Society Publishers, http://www.postcarbon.org/article/178709-the-end-of-growth, ama

Why Is Growth Ending?¶ Many financial pundits point to profound problems internal to the
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all three are interacting, and are hitting home with ever more force.

Peak oil
Craft 11 (Doug Craft, CEO and Principal of Craft Geochemistry Consulting, 34 years’ experience as a research principal investigator and consultant working in a civil ¶ engineering/water resources management agency, May 2011, “Peak Oil and our Future, How Energy Consumption will Change our Lives”, http://dougcraftfineart.com/PeakOilandOurFutureEssaybyDougCraft.pdf
The important point of this section is that our current economic¶ system will likely
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supply growth, and the¶ specter of climate change disasters and war. 

Impossibility theorem
Daly and Townsend 93 (Herman Daly, Professor at the University of Maryland, School of Public Policy. From 1988 to 1994 he was Senior Economist in the Environment Department of the World Bank, Kenneth Townsend, Ph.D. Louisiana State University and professor at Hampden-Sydney College, January 1 1993, “Valuing the Earth: Economics, Ecology, Ethics”, The MIT Press, p. 267
Impossibility statements are the very foundation of science. It is impossible to: travel
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bad oxymoron—self-contradictory as prose, and unevocative as poetry.

Trajectory models
Smithsonian 12 April 2012, “Looking Back on the Limits of Growth”, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Looking-Back-on-the-Limits-of-Growth.html#
Recent research supports the conclusions of a controversial environmental study released 40 years ago:
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here,” he says. “We are not on a sustainable trajectory.”

Growth rewards environmental degradation – this positive feedback guarantees collapse.
David Korten, 1995. BA in psychology from Stanford University, MBA and Ph.D. degrees from the Stanford Business School, former Associate Professor of the Harvard University Graduate School of Business. When Corporations Rule The World, p. 30-31.

“The global economic system is rewarding corporations and their executives with generous profits and
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provide incentives to correct errant behavior and move the system back towards equilibrium.

Infinite growth impossible – the economy is a subsystem of the earth’s ecosystem which is limited.
Herman Daly, 1996. Former professor of economics at Louisiana State University and professor of ecological economics at the University of Maryland, Senior Research Scholar at the University of Maryland, School of Public Affairs and a member of the Board of Directors at Carrying Capacity Network. “Sustainable Growth? No Thank You,” The Case Against the Global Economy, p. 192-4.

IMPOSSIBILITY STATEMENTS are the very foundation of science. In science, many things are
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accelerate forever! This is hollow political verbiage, totally disconnected from reality.

Environmental costs and the growing rich/poor gap guarantee the collapse of globalization – any gains from growth are like winning at poker on the Titanic.
Jerry Mander, 1996. Director of the International Forum on Globalization. “Facing the Rising Tide,” The Case Against the Global Economy, p. 12.

All these problems must been seen as systemic. In Part Two of the book
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winners,” it will be like “winning at poker on the Titanic.”

Financial deregulation makes economic collapse inevitable.
Richard Barnet and John Cavanagh, 1996. senior fellow and director of the Institute for Policy Studies. “Electronic Money and the Casino Economy,” The Case Against the Global Economy, p. 360-1.

ON JANUARY 30, 1995, twenty-four hours before President Bill Clinton orchestrated
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collapse is possible. The following are some elements in this larger story. 

High levels of inequality decrease innovation by reducing demand for high-tech products.
Ozan Hatipoglu, 3/21/2008. PhD in Economics, New York University, Professor of Economics at Bogazici  University. “An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Inequality and Innovation in a Schumpeterian Framework,” http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7856/.

In this paper, I argue that an alternative empirical investigation based on the Schum
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higher initial demand for an innovator increases the likelihood that it will innovate.

Relying on renewable energy would require 10 times current GDP – that investment is infeasible
Trainer 11 – Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work at the University of New South Wales (3/29/2011, Ted, “But Can’t Technical Advance Solve the Problems?”, http://socialsciences.arts.unsw.edu.au/tsw/TECHFIX.html)

Probably the strongest assumption underling tech-fix faith is the widespread belief that renewable
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the limits to do with the overall renewable field see Trainer, 2011.)
?
De-growth solves better than tech
Moriarty 10 (Patrick, Ph.D.1, Department of Design, Monash University and Damon Honnery Ph.D.2, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University and#34;Why Technical Fixes Won’t Mitigate Climate Changeand#34; Journal of Cosmology, 2010, Vol 8, 1921-1927. journalofcosmology.com/ClimateChange107.html)
We have argued so far that none of the various conventional approaches for climate mitigation
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or renewable energy, is urgently needed for a just and sustainable future.¶ 

Technology is still possible without growth.
Ted Trainer, 2002. Senior Lecturer at the School of Social Work, University of New South Wales. “If You Want Affluence, Prepare for War,” Democracy and Nature 8.2, Ebsco.

The conditions for peace The logically inescapable implication from the foregoing discussion is that global
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growth overall economy. Most difficult would be the radical changes in values.

Tech can’t solve– reducing consumption is key
Godhaven 9 Merrick is an environmental writer and activist. He co-authored the Corporate Watch report Technofixes: A Critical Guide to Climate Change Technologies. The Guardian, “Swapping technologies fails to address the root causes of climate change,” July 15, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2009/jul/15/technofix-climate-change

Economic growth itself is not a measure of human well-being, it
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should be asking why economic growth is seen as more important than survival.

Belief in technology’s ability to solve growth is idiotic – there are multiple problems without any solutions
Trainer 11 – Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work at the University of New South Wales (3/29/2011, Ted, “But Can’t Technical Advance Solve the Problems?”, http://socialsciences.arts.unsw.edu.au/tsw/TECHFIX.html) 

Huge figures such as these define the magnitude of the problem for technical-fix
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at least until we can see that we can solve the resulting problems? 

Growth destroys the environment.
Edward Goldsmith, 1996. Studied philosophy and economics at Oxford and is the founding editor of The Ecologist magazine. “Global Trade and the Environment,” The Case Against the Global Economy, p. 78-9.

BY NOW it should be clear that our environment is becoming ever less capable of
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bank holds them up as models for all Third World countries to emulate.

Growth destroying the environment.
Chris Lewis, June 2000. PhD Univ of Colorado Boulder. “The Paradox of Global Development and the Necessary Collapse of Global Industrial Civilization,” www.cross-x.com/archives/LewisParadox.pdf.

Thus, the rapid expansion of global industrial civilization since the 1600s, which modern
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, and human control over the natural world have produced such catastrophic results?   

Growth causes deregulation – this makes environmental sustainability impossible.
Maude Barlow, Spring 2001. National Chairperson of the Council of Canadians and IFG Committee on the Globalization of Water. “BLUE GOLD: The Global Water Crisis and the Commodification of the World's Water Supply,” http://www.ratical.org/co-globalize/BlueGold.pdf.

Globalization creates economic and political structures that make an ecologically sound economy entirely impossible.
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responsible management, and making impossible the task of getting the price right."  

Ecological collapse makes extinction inevitable – only collapse solves.
Dr. Barry, PhD in Land Resources from UW-Madison and President and Founder of Ecological Internet, 1/14/2008 Glen, “Economic Collapse and Global Ecology,” http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm

Given widespread failure to pursue policies sufficient to reverse deterioration of the biosphere and avoid
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be eliminated even as new opportunities emerge in solar energy and environmental restoration. 

Feedbacks escalating—shift from growth key
Speth 8—Served as President Jimmy Carter’s White House environmental adviser and as head of the United Nations’ largest agency for international development Prof at Vermont law school. Former dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University . Former Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, teaching environmental and constitutional law. .Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President. Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council. Was law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo L. Black JD, Yale. (James Gustave, The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability, Gigapedia, 39-41)

These eight global-scale environmental problems, as well as acid deposition and ozone
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of ecological assets and large-scale ecosystem collapse become increasingly likely.”77

?

Economic growth is the main cause of warming and biodiversity loss—tech can’t solve
Rosales 8—Department of Environmental Studies, St. Lawrence University (Jon, Economic Growth, Climate Change, Biodiversity Loss: Distributive Justice for the Global North and South, Conservation Biology, Volume 22, No. 6, 1409–1417, EBSCO)

Economic growth drives climate change, and attendant biodiversity loss, and the rate
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growth is the main driver of climate-change-related biodiversity loss. 

No technology can solve as long as growth continues – it’s the key internal
Jackson, professor of sustainable development at the University of Surrey, 10/18/2008 Tim, “What politicians are afraid to say,” New Scientist, lexis

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has stated that to stabilise greenhouse
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, the very thing that is causing the problem in the first place. 

Oil demand will grow even with renewable use
Smith – 9/8/08 Pamela, Red Orbit, “Energy Alternatives”, http://www.redorbit.com/news/business/1546242/energy_alternatives/

Can they make a significant difference? DOOMSDAY SCENARIOS OF the world's oil supplies reaching
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Arabia and other Opec producers, as well as much more natural gas.

Nothing will be able to replace oil
The Times – 7 “Energy crisis cannot be solved by renewables, oil chiefs say”, http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/natural_resources/article1980407.ece

The world is blinding itself to the reality of its energy problems, ignoring the
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the industry currently lacks the technology to recover even half of that resource.

Tech advances don’t solve—dedev key
Trainer 7—Senior Lecturer in Sociology at the School of Social Work, University of New South Wales (Ted, The International Journal of Inclusive Democracy, vol.3, no.1, January 2007, http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/journal/vol3/vol3_no1_Trainer_renewable_energy.htm, AMiles)

All of the above references have been to the difficulty or impossibility of meeting present
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can substitute for fossil fuels and therefore can sustain consumer-capitalist society. 

Tech can’t solve our problems
Trainer 12 Social Sciences and International Studies, University of New South Wales, (Ted “De-growth: Do you realise what it means?” 30 march 2012 http://dl2af5jf3e.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004andctx_enc=info3Aofi2Fenc3AUTF-8andrfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.comandrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalandrft.genre=articleandrft.atitle=De-growth3A+Do+you+realise+what+it+means3Fandrft.jtitle=Futuresandrft.au=Ted+Trainerandrft.date=2012-08-01andrft.pub=Elsevier+Science+Ltdandrft.issn=0016-3287andrft.volume=44andrft.issue=6andrft.spage=590andrft.externalDocID=2685706051)//BM
The common response to the general “limits” claim is that technical advances can
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They would have to be part of The Simpler Way (discussed below).

CO2 makes Growth unsustainable- current system makes adequate reductions impossible
Trainer 12 Social Sciences and International Studies, University of New South Wales, (Ted “De-growth: Do you realise what it means?” 30 march 2012 http://dl2af5jf3e.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004andctx_enc=info3Aofi2Fenc3AUTF-8andrfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.comandrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalandrft.genre=articleandrft.atitle=De-growth3A+Do+you+realise+what+it+means3Fandrft.jtitle=Futuresandrft.au=Ted+Trainerandrft.date=2012-08-01andrft.pub=Elsevier+Science+Ltdandrft.issn=0016-3287andrft.volume=44andrft.issue=6andrft.spage=590andrft.externalDocID=2685706051)//BM

The most disturbing argument is to do with the greenhouse problem. In the near
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material “living standards”, let alone those of its commitment to growth.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 1 | Opponent: Polytechnic | Judge: Jim Schultz
Mediating ethics through the state ? exoneration of responsibility for violence – turns the aff
Rozo, MA in philosophy and Cultural Analysis, 2004 Diego, Forgiving the Unforgivable: On Violence, Power, and the Possibility of Justice  p 19-21

Within the legal order the relations between individuals will resemble this logic where  suffering is
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– the law  infiltrates into and seeks to rule our most private conflicts.

Tournament: Michigan | Round: 1 | Opponent: HH Dow SW | Judge: Grellinger
see all whiteness cites

Tournament: New Trier | Round: Octas | Opponent: Walter Payton MY | Judge: Phillips, Boroditsky, Hern
see all whiteness cites

Tournament: New Trier | Round: Quarters | Opponent: ICW MY | Judge: Rubaie, Day, Gregg
see all whiteness cites

Tournament: Bronx RR | Round: 1 | Opponent: Edgemont XK | Judge: Crossen
see speaking for others 1NC

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 2 | Opponent: Blake LW | Judge: Kyla Sommers
see all whiteness cites

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 6 | Opponent: Riverhill SS | Judge:
see all whiteness cites

Tournament: New Trier | Round: 3 | Opponent: UC Lab | Judge: Gobberdiel
Zapatistas refuse your aid without consultation – even the affirmative’s discourse in a neoliberal context is abhorred.  

Evans ’08 – Doctor Brad Evans is a Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Bristol. He is also the Founder and Director of the Histories of Violence project.In addition, he is a serving board member for the Centre for Scholarship in the Public Interest (McMaster University, Ontario); an founding member of the Society for the Study of Bio-Political Futures (Syracuse University, NY); and honorary associate of the Zygmunt Bauman Institute (The University of Leeds) New Political Science. Dec2008, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p497-520. “The Zapatista Insurgency: Bringing the Political Back into Conflict Analysis”, December 2008, EbscoHost ADoan

The “political” dimensions to the Zapatistas autonomy can, in certain senses,¶
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be the Zapatistas themselves who would start to impose the¶ “conditionality.”

Zapatistas would say no – they’re opposed to the states, and unilateral plans destroy their democratic ideals. 

Cunninghame and Corona ’98 – Patrick Cunninghame and Carolina Ballesteros Corona, writing for the Journal of Capital and Class Capital and Class, Autumn98, Vol. 21 Issue 66, p12-12. “A Rainbow at Midnight: Zapatistas and Autonomy.” Ebscohost

The EZLN takes its name and to some extent its ideology from the libertarian,
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consensus rather than the imposition of the 'majority' on the 'minority' through voting.

Contemporary radical Western criticism is the product of a desire to preserve the singularity of the Western intellectual as Subject.  The subaltern becomes the epistemological backdrop against which the dramas of bourgeois subjectivity are played out.  They start from the point of enlightened knowledge about the unenlightened Other, presumptuously assuming that if the subaltern were here, speaking, they would be on-board with the movement.  Even if the subaltern could speak, the performance of the affirmative would already have torn out their vocal cords.
Spivak 88 (Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Indian literary theorist, philosopher and University Professor at Columbia University, Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, 1988 “Can the Subaltern Speak?,” Online, azp)

SOME OF THE most radical criticism coming out of the West today is the result
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supplementing an earlier economic text, can the subaltern speak? . . .