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Chattahoochee | 1 | Alpharetta |
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1AC EmbargoTournament: Chattahoochee | Round: 1 | Opponent: Alpharetta | Judge: 1ACPlan: The United States federal government should establish a policy of constructive engagement toward the Republic of Cuba by lifting the embargo and removing the Republic of Cuba from the State Department’s list of State Sponsors of Terrorism.Contention One: Soft PowerFirst, the Cuban embargo undermines U.S.-Latin American relations.Hakim 13 — Peter Hakim, President Emeritus and Senior Fellow of the Inter-American Dialogue—a Washington-based think tank on Western Hemisphere affairs, Member of the Council on Foreign Relations, has served on boards and advisory committees for the World Bank, Council on Competitiveness, Inter-American Development Bank, Canadian Foundation for Latin America, Partners for Democratic Change, and Human Rights Watch, holds a Master of Public and International Affairs degree from Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School, 2013 ("Post Chavez: Can U.S. rebuild Latin American ties?," The Great Debate—a Reuters blog, March 27th, Available Online at http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2013/03/27/post-chavez-can-u-s-rebuild-latin-american-ties/, Accessed 05-20-2013) Recent developments suggest, however, that for Washington Second, strong U.S.-Latin American relations are vital to address a wide range of impacts including economic growth, climate change, proliferation, democracy, and human rights.Bachelet et al. 12 — Michelle Bachelet, former President of Chile, head of UN Women, and Carla A. Hills, Co-chair of the Council on Foreign Relations, Chair of the National Committee on United States-China Relations, served as United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under President Ford and as a U.S. Trade Representative under President Bush, co-chairs of the Sol M. Linowitz Forum of the Inter-American Dialogue—a non-partisan, 100-member group of politicians, academics, business leaders, and others from the United States and Latin America, et al., 2012 ("Remaking the Relationship: The United States and Latin America," Report of the Sol M. Linowitz Forum of the Inter-American Dialogue, April, Available Online at http://www.thedialogue.org/PublicationFiles/IAD2012PolicyReportFINAL.pdf, Accessed 05-20-2013, p. 3-4) There are compelling reasons for the United States and Latin America to pursue more robust ties. Third, engagement with Cuba boosts overall U.S. soft power — the plan increases momentum and credibility.Dickerson 10 — Sergio M. Dickerson, Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Army, 2010 ("United States Security Strategy Towards Cuba," Strategy Research Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the U.S. Army War College, January 14th, Available Online at http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA518053, Accessed 05-20-2013, p. 21-22) Fourth, soft power is key to prevent every major impact — power diffusion makes U.S. influence vital.Nye 9 — Joseph S. Nye, Jr., University Distinguished Service Professor and Former Dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs, Chair of the National Intelligence Council, and Deputy Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology, holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from Harvard University, 2009 ("American Power in the Twenty-First Century," Project Syndicate, September 10th, Available Online at http://www.project-syndicate.org/print/american-power-in-the-twenty-first-century, Accessed 05-27-2013) The United States government’s National Intelligence Council projects that American dominance will be "much Finally, constructive engagement boosts relations and soft power—the plan solves.Gerz-Escandon 8 — Jennifer Gerz-Escandon, National Scholarship and Fellowship Coordinator for the Honors College at Georgia State University, former chair of the International Relations Degree Program and the Director of the Center for International Programs and Services at Lynn University, former Director of International Studies at the University of Evansville, holds a Ph.D. in International Relations from the University of Miami, 2008 ("End the US-Cuba embargo: It’s a win-win," Christian Science Monitor, October 9th, Available Online at http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2008/1009/p09s02-coop.html, Accessed 06-15-2013) Supporters of the embargo say it serves as an important symbolic protest of Cuba’s deplorable Contention Two: TerrorismFirst, enforcing the embargo diverts attention and resources from urgent counter-terrorism priorities including Iran.Johnson et al. 10 — Andy Johnson, Director of the National Security Program at Third Way—a public policy think tank, former Staff Director of the Senate Intelligence Committee, et al., with Kyle Spector, Policy Advisor in the National Security Program at Third Way, and Kristina Lilac, Policy Advisor in the National Security Program at Third Way, 2010 ("End the Embargo of Cuba," Memorandum issued by Third Way—a public policy think tank, September 16th, Available Online at http://content.thirdway.org/publications/326/Third_Way_Memo_-_End_the_Embargo_of_Cuba.pdf, Accessed 07-20-2013) Second, Cuba’s inclusion on the Terror List independently undermines U.S. anti-terrorism credibility.Kayyem 13 — Juliette Kayyem, Lecturer in Public Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, Member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Pacific Council on International Policy, Columnist for the Boston Globe, former Assistant Secretary for Intergovernmental Affairs in the United States Department of Homeland Security, holds a J.D. from Harvard Law School, 2013 ("Diluting the terror watch lists," Boston Globe, April 29th, Available Online at http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2013/04/28/making-terror-lists-matter-cuba-not-state-sponsor-terrorism/X2NW0rfYm5A2eJT5VZEuHI/story.html, Accessed 05-14-2013) This week, another terrorism watch list will be announced, known as the state Third, Iran-sponsored terrorism is an urgent threat — large-scale attacks against Israel and the U.S. are likely.Jenkins 12 — Brian Michael Jenkins, Senior Adviser to the President of the RAND Corporation, formerly served as chair of the Political Science Department at RAND, former member of the National Commission on Terrorism, holds an M.A. in History from the University of California-Los Angeles, 2012 ("An Assessment of the Current Terrorist Threat: A Resurgence of Iranian-Sponsored Terrorism," RAND Corporation — Excerpt from Congressional Testimony, July 23rd, Available Online at http://www.rand.org/blog/2012/07/an-assessment-of-the-current-terrorist-threat-a-resurgence.html, Accessed 07-20-2013) Jihadists are not the only terrorist concern Fifth, nuclear terrorism is an existential threat — don’t underestimate the probability.Saga 8 — Saga Foundation—a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization dedicated to raising awareness and creating models for action to increase nuclear safety and security, 2008 ("Nuclear Terrorism: Local Effects, Global Consequences," White Paper — Saga Foundation, July, Available Online at http://www.sagafoundation.org/SagaFoundationWhitePaperSAGAMARK7282008.pdf, Accessed 07-20-2013, p. 1-2) Nuclear terrorism represents the most serious existential threat to the security of the United States Sixth, the plan solves — it sends an immediate signal that boosts counterterrorism credibility.Kayyem 13 — Juliette Kayyem, Lecturer in Public Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, Member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Pacific Council on International Policy, Columnist for the Boston Globe, former Assistant Secretary for Intergovernmental Affairs in the United States Department of Homeland Security, holds a J.D. from Harvard Law School, 2013 ("Diluting the terror watch lists," Boston Globe, April 29th, Available Online at http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2013/04/28/making-terror-lists-matter-cuba-not-state-sponsor-terrorism/X2NW0rfYm5A2eJT5VZEuHI/story.html, Accessed 05-14-2013) The Obama administration can make a powerful symbolic statement about Cuba and begin a slow Finally, the plan redirects resources to better fight terrorism — it shifts security priorities.Johnson et al. 10 — Andy Johnson, Director of the National Security Program at Third Way—a public policy think tank, former Staff Director of the Senate Intelligence Committee, et al., with Kyle Spector, Policy Advisor in the National Security Program at Third Way, and Kristina Lilac, Policy Advisor in the National Security Program at Third Way, 2010 ("End the Embargo of Cuba," Memorandum issued by Third Way—a public policy think tank, September 16th, Available Online at http://content.thirdway.org/publications/326/Third_Way_Memo_-_End_the_Embargo_of_Cuba.pdf, Accessed 07-20-2013) Bringing Cuba out of isolation and back into the international fold is a smart move First, current U.S. policy toward Cuba has failed — engagement is needed.Huddleston and Pascual 10 — Vicki Huddleston, Visiting Fellow at the Brookings Institution and Published by Brookings Institution Press, ISBN 9780815704324, p. 1) If one compares outcomes to stated objectives, U.S. policy toward Cuba Second, now is the key time for constructive engagement — the plan establishes a new paradigm for U.S.-Cuba relations.Piccone 13 — Ted Piccone, Senior Fellow and Deputy Director for Foreign Policy at the Brookings Institution, served eight years as a senior foreign policy advisor in the Clinton Administration, holds a J.D. from Columbia University, 2013 ("Time to Bet on Cuba," The Hill, March 18th, Available Online at http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2013/03/18-cuba-piccone, Accessed 05-20-2013) Cuba’s efforts to "update" its socialist system through a series of economic reforms just got more complicated. The death of Venezuela’s Hugo Chávez, its principal benefactor, could seriously disrupt what is already a precarious process of maintaining top-down political control while liberalizing elements of the economy. Raúl Castro’s announcement that he will step down in five years and the emergence of younger leaders born after the 1959 revolution add further uncertainty to the island’s future. Finally, unconditional engagement is key — the U.S. should act regardless of Cuba’s response.Huddleston and Pascual 10 — Vicki Huddleston, Visiting Fellow at the Brookings Institution and, Published by Brookings Institution Press, ISBN 9780815704324, p. 10) This book’s recommendation of a proactive, unilateral policy is predicated on an assessment that | 3/5/14 |
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