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Page: Lowe-Dehmlow Dunne Aff
Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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Cal | 2 | Gulliver AS | Jeremy Hammond |
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Evanston | 1 | Whitney Young FK | Sean Farris |
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Glenbrooks | 4 | Cedar Ridge PR | Donnie Grasse |
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Illinois State | 1 | OPRF JT | Dont Remember |
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Tournament | Round | Report |
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Glenbrooks | 4 | Opponent: Cedar Ridge PR | Judge: Donnie Grasse 1AC Science Visas |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Entry | Date |
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Banks 1ACTournament: Illinois State | Round: 1 | Opponent: OPRF JT | Judge: Dont Remember 1AC PlanPlan: the United States federal government should normalize consular financial transactions toward Cuba.Advantage 1 is BankingThe state sponsor of terror list is crowding out all Cuban banking accounts—policy change key.Adams, 13 – Washington Post columnist ("Cuba sanctions make American banks wary, testing U.S. goal of improved ties", 11/28/13, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/cuba-sanctions-make-american-banks-wary-testing-us-goal-of-improved-ties/2013/11/28/03a62dfe-5847-11e3-ba82-16ed03681809_story.html)** ====Brink is now—consular services JUST ended-also means all DAs are non-unique==== Two internal links—first is the Cuban economy—only the plan solves—policies block remittance transactions.Hayden, 13 - Thomas Emmet Hayden, American social and political activist, author, and politician, who is director of the Peace and Justice Resource Center in Culver City, California. ("Ending the Cuba Travel Crisis, 12/3/13, http://www.thenation.com/article/177436/ending-cuba-travel-crisis)** ====Those are key to the Cuban economy.==== Cuban economic decline destroys effective counter-terror policy – makes conflicts in hotspots around the globe more likely.Gorrell, 5 - Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted for the USAWC STRATEGY RESEARCH PROJECT (Tim, "CUBA: THE NEXT UNANTICIPATED ANTICIPATED STRATEGIC CRISIS?" http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA433074-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA433074 ====Second is relations—plan is necessary for the development of U.S./Cuban relations and resolving terrorism.==== Terrorism causes extinctionGoodspeed, 12 (Peter Goodspeed, Senior Reporter of International Affairs at the National Post, "Nuclear terror threat; A ’dirty bomb’ could make cities uninhabitable, destroy global economy", March 24 2012, National Post, Full Comment, http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2012/03/24/preventing-devastating-nuclear-terrorist-attack-aim-of-world-leaders-meeting/, nikp) State failure magnifies the probability.Manwaring, 5 – adjunct professor of international politics at Dickinson Advantage two is Policy Coherence====Now is key for relations—absent banks, diplomatic relations get set back two decades.==== Two impacts:First is foreign policy credibility—AFF uniquely key.Hanson, 13 - He has a degree from Santa Clara University in Political Science and Philosophy and Master of Arts in Urban Planning from the University of California, Los Angeles. ("U.S. Cuba Policy Undermining U.S. Policy on Cuba", 11/27/13, http://www.wola.org/commentary/us_cuba_policy_undermining_us_policy_on_cuba)** Impact is multiple scenarios for global warCoes ’11 (Ben Coes 11, former speechwriter in the George H.W. Bush administration, managed Mitt Romney’s successful campaign for Massachusetts Governor in 2002 26 author, "The disease of a weak president", The Daily Caller, http://dailycaller.com/2011/09/30/the-disease-of-a-weak-president/-http://dailycaller.com/2011/09/30/the-disease-of-a-weak-president/) AFF is a global signal—immediate success generates momentumColvin, 08 12/13/2008 (Jake, fellow with the New Ideas Fund, a group that seeks new approaches and paradigms for U.S. national security and foreign policy. He is also Vice President for Global Trade Issues at the National Foreign Trade Council (NFTC) and oversees the Cuba initiative of USA*Engage, "The Case for a New Cuba Policy", http://web.archive.org/web/20120904201743/http://www.newideasfund.org/proposals/Colvin20-20Cuba20-20Master.pdf) This spills over to solve global problemsDickerson 1/14/10 (Sergio, Lt. Col., US Army, Strategy Research Project, "UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA", http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U226doc=GetTRDoc.pdf26AD=ADA518053) Second is the trade—terror list devastates the Summit of Americas effectiveness.Strain, 13 ~George Strain – professor at Baton Rouge, "Take Cuba off terror list", April 27 2013, http://theadvocate.com/news/opinion/5748256-123/letter-take-cuba-off-terror~~ Summit is key to free trade.IADB, 12 ~Inter-American Development Bank, "First CEO Summit of the Americas calls for greater economic cooperation among Western Hemisphere nations", Apr 14 2012, http://www.iadb.org/en/news/news-releases/2012-04-14/ceo-summit-of-the-americas,9952.html~ Free trade is the biggest disincentive for war—maintaining globalization solves all their impactsGriswold, 11 Daniel Griswold is director of the Center for Trade Policy Studies at the Cato Institute and author of Mad about Trade: Why Main Street America Should Embrace Globalization. "Free Trade and the Global Middle Class," Hayek Society Journal Vol. 9 http://www.cato.org/pubs/articles/Hayek-Society-Journal-Griswold.pdf Accessed 6/30/12-http://www.cato.org/pubs/articles/Hayek-Society-Journal-Griswold.pdf Accessed 6/30/12 Contention three is SolvnecyBank search fails.Glynn, 13 – Buffalo News Business ("M26T giving Cuba more time to find new bank for diplomatic missions", 12/9/13, http://www.buffalonews.com/business/mt-giving-cuba-more-time-to-find-new-bank-for-diplomatic-missions-20131209)** OFAC sanctions deters bank confidence.Pillar, 13 – Ex-CIA analyst ("How Terror War Hurts Cuba Policy", 12/2/13, http://consortiumnews.com/2013/12/02/how-terror-war-hurts-cuba-policy/)** Obama has executive authority to do the planThale and Anderson, 13 – ~Geoff Thale and Mavis Anderson, "Cuba, the Terrorism Report, and the Terrorist List", Washington Office on Latin America, 5/24/13, http:/www.wola.org/commentary/cuba_the_terrorism_report_and_the_terrorist_list CHB~ Increased economic engagement is uniquely key.Piccone, 13 (Joseph, Brookings Institute Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, Foreign Policy, Opening to Havana, 1/17/13, http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2013/01/opening-to-havana)** | 3/22/14 |
Cuban Oil 1ACTournament: Evanston | Round: 1 | Opponent: Whitney Young FK | Judge: Sean Farris 1ACPlanPlan: The United States federal government should normalize hydrocarbon cooperation toward Cuba. Contention 1: The GulfCurrent U.S. management in the Gulf of Mexico is unilateral—-establishing a regime for joint management’s key to effective governance and global bio-D Biodiversity loss causes extinction Agencies and stakeholders within the U.S. are attempting to increase the effectiveness of Gulf governance but it’ll fail without explicitly including Cuba in cooperative, joint management U.S. engagement with Cuba over transboundary energy development in the Eastern Gap is key to a trilateral regional management regime for the Gulf—-the U.S. and Mexico already cooperate, only U.S. exclusion of Cuba blocks it U.S.-Cuba cooperation over joint resource development’s key to make the Gulf a global model of integrated ocean management—-solves global stability Multilateral integrated ocean management’s key to solve global system collapse—-it’s the foundation of all environmental resilience President Chávez also understands that the process leading to state failure is the most Contention 2: RelationsPlan shores up US-Cuban relations—stops Chinese encroachment Chavez’s death means now is key to solve Cuban and hemispheric relations Now is key—-China is shoring up influence Contention 3: SolvencyPlan is effective, topical, and US firms would say yes There are numerous areas in the energy sector in which the United States and Cuba Cuba also says yes, spilling into broader coop Undoubtedly, after fifty years of enmity, there is a significant lack of trust | 2/1/14 |
New Science Visas 1ACTournament: Cal | Round: 2 | Opponent: Gulliver AS | Judge: Jeremy Hammond 1AC CaliforniaPlan Plan: The United States Treasury Department should normalize bilateral scientific cooperation toward Cuba.Contention 1 is Science Diplomacy Scientific collaboration with Cuba is of mutual interest, overcomes political alt causes, and generates science diplomacy with CubaLempinen 12 Edward W. Lempinen is a columnist for AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science, "Triple A-S" (AAAS), is an international non-profit organization dedicated to advancing science around the world) ("Oceans, Weather, Health—U.S. Researchers Explore Potential Collaboration with Cuban Colleagues", May 1st, 2012, http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2012/0501cuba.shtml) Science diplomacy is key to international influence – benign hegemony solves all impactsColetta, 09 – Duke University , Ph.D. in Political Science, December 1999 Harvard University , Master in Public Policy, 1993 Stanford University , Master in Electrical Engineering, 1989 Stanford University , B.S.E.E., 1988 ~September 2009, Damon Coletta, "Science, Technology, and the Quest for International Influence," http://www.dtic.mil/...c=GetTRDoc.pdf~~-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA53613326Location=U226doc=GetTRDoc.pdf5D Specifically, science diplomacy with Cuba solves relations and societal sustainability – impact is extinctionLempinen 12 Edward W. Lempinen is a columnist for AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science, "Triple A-S" (AAAS), is an international non-profit organization dedicated to advancing science around the world) ("Oceans, Weather, Health—U.S. Researchers Explore Potential Collaboration with Cuban Colleagues", May 1st, 2012, http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2012/0501cuba.shtml) Tropical diseases are emerging now – lack of studies makes them uniquely dangerousTECD, 13 Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Doctoral Leadership ProgramWhat are "Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases," 2013, http:www.tecd.prj.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/en/program/background.html) Those diseases spreadFabiana Frayssinet, 12 a correspondent since 1989 in Central America, and since 1996 in Brazil, where she served as a contributor for various international media outlets in radio, print and television, including CNN en Español, IPS, UNIVISION, Telefé de Argentina, Radio Suecia and Radio Nederland. 2012 http://www.ipsnews.net/2012/09/scientists-debate-climate-change-impacts-on-tropical-diseases) ExtinctionNaish 12 (John Naish, writer for Daily Mail, citing John Oxford, professor of virology at Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, Scientific Director of Retroscreen Virology Ltd, considered to be the leading expert on disease and viral outbreaks, 10-14-12, "The Armageddon virus: Why experts fear a disease that leaps from animals to humans could devastate mankind in the next five years," http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2217774/The-Armageddon-virus-Why-experts-fear-disease-leaps-animals-humans-devastate-mankind-years.html) gz Cooperation is key to solving diseasesBoom, 12 - Brian M. Boom is the director of the Caribbean Biodiversity Program and Bassett Maguire Curator of Botany at the New York Botanical Garden ("Biodiversity without Borders", 8/14/12, Science 26 Diplomacy, Vol. 1, No. 3, http://www.sciencediplomacy.org/files/biodiversity-without-borders_science__diplomacy.pdf)** US/Cuba Scientific collaboration solves warming – research and adaptation strategies.Gary Machlis et al, 12| Department of Forest Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA Thomas A. Frankovich | Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA Pedro M. Alcolado | Instituto de Oceanología, Havana, Cuba Erik García-Machado | Center for Marine Research, University of Havana, Miramar, Cuba Aida Caridad Hernández-Zanuy | CYTED Ibero-American Network BIODIVMAR, Instituto de Oceanología, Havana, Cuba Robert E. Hueter | Directorate of Marine Biology and Conservation, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA Nancy Knowlton | National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA Erick Perera | Marine Aquaculture Department, Center for Marine Research, University of Havana, Miramar, Cuba John W. Tunnell Jr. | Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, and Texas A26M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA ("OCEAN POLICY | US-Cuba Scientific Collaboration: Emerging Issues and Opportunities in Marine and Related Environmental Sciences", 2012, http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/25-2_machlis.pdf) Specifically, Cuba is key to clean tech and modelingEDF, 12 – Environmental Defense Fund ("US and Cuba Seek Common Ground", Environmental Defense Fund, 2012, http://www.edf.org/oceans/us-and-cuba-seek-common-ground) Warming causes extinction—4 degree projections trigger a laundry list of extinction scenariosRoberts 13—citing the World Bank Review’s compilation of climate studies Warming melts the arctic ice-causes mass methane releaseConnor 11 (Steve Connor- The Independent’s Science Editor, November 9 2011, "Climate change melting polar regions faster than ever before One of the clearest signs of climate change is the loss of floating sea ice in the Arctic", http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/climate-change-melting-polar-regions-faster-than-ever-before-6259145.html)//JM Methane burst causes extinction- it’s comparatively worse than nuke warRyskin ’3- Ph.D. Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA Engineer-Physicist St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia Fluid dynamics; statistical physics; geophysics Associate Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering (Gregory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, "Methane-driven oceanic eruptions and mass extinctions," Geology, 31(9), September 2003,http://pangea.stanford.edu/research/Oceans/GES205/methaneGeology.pdf-http://pangea.stanford.edu/research/Oceans/GES205/methaneGeology.pdf) Contention 2 is Drilling Cuban drilling in the Eastern Gap is inevitableTamayo ’13 Absent pro-active protocols, spills are inevitableBolstad ’12 - Erika Bolstad is a reporter who covers Washington for the Anchorage Daily News, the Idaho Statesman and McClatchy Newspapers. This evidence internally quotes Lee Hunt, the former president of the International Association of Drilling Contractors. Hunt, in this instance, is arguably not biased in favor of drilling, as he is speaking to safety and clean-up regimes and he is speaking before a liberal think-tank in favor of human rights – McClatchy Newspapers – May 10, 2012 – http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2012/05/10/148433/cuba-embargo-could-threaten-oil.html~~23.UaoUWpyADq0 Scientific co-operation is a pre-requisite to protocols necessary to prevent an oil spillPinon 26 Muse, 10 - Jorge R. Piñon and Robert L. Muse, columnists for the Brookings Institute ("Coping with the Next Oil Spill: Why U.S.-Cuba Environmental Cooperation is Critical", May 2010, http://www.brookings.edu/~~/media/research/files/papers/2010/5/1820oil20spill20cuba20pinon/0518_oil_spill_cuba_pinon.pdf) Gulf spills devastate wetlands environments and destroy water qualityEarthGauge 10 – a National Environmental Education Foundation Program ("Gulf Oil Spill Series: Impacts on Coastal Wetland Plants", http://www.earthgauge.net/wp-content/EG_Gulf_WetlandPlants.pdf-http://www.earthgauge.net/wp-content/EG_Gulf_WetlandPlants.pdf) Southeastern wetlands are key to aquatic biodiversity, the hydrologic cycle, and watershed health– the brink is now.EPA 13 – US Environmental Protection Agency ("Protecting Wetlands in Coastal Watersheds", Last updated on Wednesday, July 03, 2013, http://water.epa.gov/type/wetlands/cwt.cfm-http://water.epa.gov/type/wetlands/cwt.cfm) Wetlands are key to the hydro-cycle – the impact is extinctionRamsar Convention 96 ("Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, Wetlands and Biodiversity, Executive Summary", http://www.ramsar.org/about/about_biodiversity.htm, ACC: 12.20.08, p. online) Aquatic biodiversity checks extinctionCraig 3, Associate Prof Law, Indiana U School Law, 2003 (McGeorge Law Review, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Lexis) Contention 3 is No War No chance of miscalculation or escalation – countries will act in their best interestsLuard 88 Research Fellow at St. Antony’s College, Oxford. He has been a diplomat, an academic, and a politician. He is the author of many works on international affairs. (Evan, "Conflict and Peace in the Modern International System," 1988, http://books.google.com/books?id=zcX9SmstEZcC26pg=PA18826lpg=PA18826dq=22nuclear+war22+AROUND(10)+22improbable22+-seth26source=bl26ots=1tM21bwt_c26sig=p05KKWBl5MOVAFXFysI8AFxNrRc26hl=en26sa=X26ei=oWbUUcudN6SZyAHEnICgBA26ved=0CGQQ6AEwCTgK~~23v=onepage26q=22such20a20risk20remains2226f=false-http://books.google.com/books?id=zcX9SmstEZcC26pg=PA18826lpg=PA18826dq=22nuclear+war22+AROUND(10)+22improbable22+-seth26source=bl26ots=1tM21bwt_c26sig=p05KKWBl5MOVAFXFysI8AFxNrRc26hl=en26sa=X26ei=oWbUUcudN6SZyAHEnICgBA26ved=0CGQQ6AEwCTgK)//AM No war – statistics, withdrawals, warfare is changing, the brutality is decreasing, multipolarity solves, and no one would attack the USGoldstein, 11 – Professor Emeritus, International Relations, American University (Joshua S., September/October 2011, "Think Again: War," Foreign Policy, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/15/think_again_war, Hensel) Nuclear war doesn’t cause extinction – prefer modelsSeitz 6 - former associate of the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University’s Center for International Affairs (Russell, "The’ Nuclear Winter ’ Meltdown Photoshopping the Apocalypse", http://adamant.typepad.com/seitz/2006/12/preherein_honor.html-http://adamant.typepad.com/seitz/2006/12/preherein_honor.html)//AM Contention 4 is Solvency Cuba will say, "yes" – interest in science co-operation high and Cuban environmental agencies have political influenceAli, 12 - Saleem H. Ali director of the Centre for Social Responsibility in Mining, and Professor of Politics and International Studies at the University of Queensland, Australia ("Greening Diplomacy with Cuba", June 16th, 2012, http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2012/06/16/greening-diplomacy-with-cuba)** Government to government co-op is key – sets best bedrock for relationsBoom, 12 - Brian M. Boom is the director of the Caribbean Biodiversity Program and Bassett Maguire Curator of Botany at the New York Botanical Garden ("Biodiversity without Borders", 8/14/12, Science 26 Diplomacy, Vol. 1, No. 3, http://www.sciencediplomacy.org/files/biodiversity-without-borders_science__diplomacy.pdf)** that currently impede greater bilateral environmental cooperation between the two countries. Cuba and The federal government is key to response and overcoming lasting ideological concernsAli, 12 - Saleem H. Ali director of the Centre for Social Responsibility in Mining, and Professor of Politics and International Studies at the University of Queensland, Australia ("Greening Diplomacy with Cuba", June 16th, 2012, http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2012/06/16/greening-diplomacy-with-cuba)** | 2/15/14 |
Science Visas 1ACTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: Cedar Ridge PR | Judge: Donnie Grasse 1AC GlenbrooksPlan Plan: The United States Treasury Department should normalize bilateral scientific cooperation and travel toward Cuba.Advantage 1 is Democracy Status quo political shifts bolster the opportunity to increase relations – visas are keyJohnson et al, 12 - Stephen L. Johnson was the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency under President George W. Bush during the second term of his administration ("U.S.-Cuba Academic and Science-Based Excha,nges prospects for a two-way street", Aug. 2012, CSIS, http://csis.org/files/publication/120821_Johnson_U.S.-CubaExchanges_Web.pdf)** Scientific exchanges with Cuba spill over – these forums spur democracy and solve a laundry list of existing issuesJohnson et al, 12 - Stephen L. Johnson was the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency under President George W. Bush during the second term of his administration ("U.S.-Cuba Academic and Science-Based Exchanges prospects for a two-way street", Aug. 2012, CSIS, http://csis.org/files/publication/120821_Johnson_U.S.-CubaExchanges_Web.pdf) U.S. science collaboration solves diplomacy and cooperation – empirically provenFederoff, 8 - professor @ Penn State, National Medal of Science Recipient, Master @ Syracuse University, PhD @ Rockefeller University, National Science Board, Science and Technology Adviser to Sec. of State (Nina V., Statement before Congress, "Making Science Diplomacy More Effective", 4-2-11, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-110hhrg41470/html/CHRG-110hhrg41470.htm) Spills-over to global coop - Cuba is key to US-Latin American influenceShifter ’12 Latin America is a key model for global democracyBaron, 11 Perry Bacon Jr, 3-21-2011, "Obama lauds Latin American democracies as role models for the Middle East," Washington Post, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2011-03-21/world/35207771_1_history-and-gain-clarity-pinochet-era-obama-administration, accessed 5-10-2013 Democracy solves all major wars, terrorism, environmental destruction, and prolifKenneth Wollack 8, President of the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs, 2008, "Democracy promotion: Serving U.S. Values and Interests," Northwestern University Law Review, Vol. 102, No. 1. Terrorism causes extinctionAlexander, 03 (Yonah, Prof at the Inter-University for Terrorism Studies in Israel and the United States, "Terrorism myths and realities", Washington Times, 8/28/1903, p. http://www.washingtontimes.com/commentary/19030827-084256-8999r.htm) Proliferation causes extinction—history and human nature disprove deterrence theoryUtgoff, 02 – Deputy Director for Strategy, Forces and Resources at the Institute for Defense Analyses (Victor, "Proliferation, Missile Defense and American Ambitions", Summer 2002, Survival, Vol. 44, No. 2, p. 87-90) Advantage 2 is Science Diplomacy Scientific collaboration with Cuba is of mutual interest, overcomes political alt causes, and generates science diplomacy with CubaLempinen 12 Edward W. Lempinen is a columnist for AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science, "Triple A-S" (AAAS), is an international non-profit organization dedicated to advancing science around the world) ("Oceans, Weather, Health—U.S. Researchers Explore Potential Collaboration with Cuban Colleagues", May 1st, 2012, http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2012/0501cuba.shtml) Science diplomacy is key to international influence – benign hegemony solves all impactsColetta, 09 – Duke University , Ph.D. in Political Science, December 1999 Harvard University , Master in Public Policy, 1993 Stanford University , Master in Electrical Engineering, 1989 Stanford University , B.S.E.E., 1988 ~September 2009, Damon Coletta, "Science, Technology, and the Quest for International Influence," http://www.dtic.mil/...c=GetTRDoc.pdf~~-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA53613326Location=U226doc=GetTRDoc.pdf5D Specifically, science diplomacy with Cuba solves relations and societal sustainability – impact is extinctionLempinen 12 Edward W. Lempinen is a columnist for AAAS (The American Association for the Advancement of Science, "Triple A-S" (AAAS), is an international non-profit organization dedicated to advancing science around the world) ("Oceans, Weather, Health—U.S. Researchers Explore Potential Collaboration with Cuban Colleagues", May 1st, 2012, http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2012/0501cuba.shtml) US/Cuba Scientific collaboration solves warming – research and adaptation strategies.Gary Machlis et al, 12| Department of Forest Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA Thomas A. Frankovich | Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA Pedro M. Alcolado | Instituto de Oceanología, Havana, Cuba Erik García-Machado | Center for Marine Research, University of Havana, Miramar, Cuba Aida Caridad Hernández-Zanuy | CYTED Ibero-American Network BIODIVMAR, Instituto de Oceanología, Havana, Cuba Robert E. Hueter | Directorate of Marine Biology and Conservation, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA Nancy Knowlton | National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA Erick Perera | Marine Aquaculture Department, Center for Marine Research, University of Havana, Miramar, Cuba John W. Tunnell Jr. | Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, and Texas A26M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA ("OCEAN POLICY | US-Cuba Scientific Collaboration: Emerging Issues and Opportunities in Marine and Related Environmental Sciences", 2012, http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/25-2_machlis.pdf) Specifically, Cuba is key to clean tech and modelingEDF, 12 – Environmental Defense Fund ("US and Cuba Seek Common Ground", Environmental Defense Fund, 2012, http://www.edf.org/oceans/us-and-cuba-seek-common-ground) Cuban drilling in the Eastern Gap is inevitableTamayo ’13 Absent pro-active protocols, spills are inevitableBolstad ’12 - Erika Bolstad is a reporter who covers Washington for the Anchorage Daily News, the Idaho Statesman and McClatchy Newspapers. This evidence internally quotes Lee Hunt, the former president of the International Association of Drilling Contractors. Hunt, in this instance, is arguably not biased in favor of drilling, as he is speaking to safety and clean-up regimes and he is speaking before a liberal think-tank in favor of human rights – McClatchy Newspapers – May 10, 2012 – http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2012/05/10/148433/cuba-embargo-could-threaten-oil.html~~23.UaoUWpyADq0 We’ll cite multiple impact scenarios –First – Wetlands.Southeastern wetlands are key to aquatic biodiversity, the hydrologic cycle, watershed health, and prevent erosion – the brink is now.EPA 13 – US Environmental Protection Agency ("Protecting Wetlands in Coastal Watersheds", Last updated on Wednesday, July 03, 2013, http://water.epa.gov/type/wetlands/cwt.cfm-http://water.epa.gov/type/wetlands/cwt.cfm) Wetlands are key to the hydro-cycle – solves extinctionRamsar Convention 96 ("Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, Wetlands and Biodiversity, Executive Summary", http://www.ramsar.org/about/about_biodiversity.htm, ACC: 12.20.08, p. online) Scenario 2 is Ocean Biodiversity.Cuba has become central to Caribbean biodiversity – this makes Cuba a co-operation hotspotGary Machlis et al, 12| Department of Forest Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA Thomas A. Frankovich | Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA Pedro M. Alcolado | Instituto de Oceanología, Havana, Cuba Erik García-Machado | Center for Marine Research, University of Havana, Miramar, Cuba Aida Caridad Hernández-Zanuy | CYTED Ibero-American Network BIODIVMAR, Instituto de Oceanología, Havana, Cuba Robert E. Hueter | Directorate of Marine Biology and Conservation, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA Nancy Knowlton | National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA Erick Perera | Marine Aquaculture Department, Center for Marine Research, University of Havana, Miramar, Cuba John W. Tunnell Jr. | Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, and Texas A26M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA ("OCEAN POLICY | US-Cuba Scientific Collaboration: Emerging Issues and Opportunities in Marine and Related Environmental Sciences", 2012, http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/25-2_machlis.pdf) Aquatic biodiversity checks extinctionCraig 3, Associate Prof Law, Indiana U School Law, 2003 (McGeorge Law Review, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Lexis) Scientific co-operation is a pre-requisite to protocols necessary to prevent an oil spillPinon 26 Muse, 10 - Jorge R. Piñon and Robert L. Muse, columnists for the Brookings Institute ("Coping with the Next Oil Spill: Why U.S.-Cuba Environmental Cooperation is Critical", May 2010, http://www.brookings.edu/~~/media/research/files/papers/2010/5/1820oil20spill20cuba20pinon/0518_oil_spill_cuba_pinon.pdf) Solvency Cuba will say, "yes" – interest in science co-operation high and Cuban environmental agencies have political influenceAli, 12 - Saleem H. Ali director of the Centre for Social Responsibility in Mining, and Professor of Politics and International Studies at the University of Queensland, Australia ("Greening Diplomacy with Cuba", June 16th, 2012, http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2012/06/16/greening-diplomacy-with-cuba)** Government to government co-op is key – sets best bedrock for relationsBoom, 12 - Brian M. Boom is the director of the Caribbean Biodiversity Program and Bassett Maguire Curator of Botany at the New York Botanical Garden ("Biodiversity without Borders", 8/14/12, Science 26 Diplomacy, Vol. 1, No. 3, http://www.sciencediplomacy.org/files/biodiversity-without-borders_science__diplomacy.pdf)** The federal government is key to response and overcoming lasting ideological concernsAli, 12 - Saleem H. Ali director of the Centre for Social Responsibility in Mining, and Professor of Politics and International Studies at the University of Queensland, Australia ("Greening Diplomacy with Cuba", June 16th, 2012, http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2012/06/16/greening-diplomacy-with-cuba)** | 11/23/13 |
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