1AC- NADBank 1NC- T neech cap food aid da heg bad 2NR- t
Caucus
3
Opponent: HoFlo DS | Judge: owen
1AC- cuba imperialism adv maybe 1NC- cap HR cp t 2NR- cap
Highland Park
2
Opponent: BJ PW | Judge: mujir
1AC- THA 1NC- cap neech t food aid da 2NR- neech
Highland Park
7
Opponent: Rosemount KS | Judge: sox
1AC- zapatistas 1NC- case lol 2NR- violence turn on case
Highland Park
6
Opponent: Washburn HH | Judge: appleget
1AC- borders bad racism bad 1NC- cap and fw some foucault and binaries bad stuff on case 2NR- cap and fw whoops
Highland Park
5
Opponent: SPC | Judge: ciborowski
1AC- embargo 1NC- cap neech t 2NR- neech
Lakeville South
4
Opponent: Roseville GP | Judge: plutowski
1AC- unions 1NC- t cap neech food aid da 2NR- neech
Lakeville South
2
Opponent: Bloomington CK | Judge: dummond
1AC- THA 1NC- t cap neech food aid da 2NR- cap
U of M
2
Opponent: Wayzata DW | Judge: dahl
1AC- IFFs i think 1NC-xo cp ptx china da neech dedev 2NR- dedev
U of M
5
Opponent: edina ls | Judge: wodarz
1AC-heg and china sumthin 1NC-t cap 2NR- cap
U of M
3
Opponent: Wayzata CC | Judge: lucas smith
1AC- didnt listen 1NC- t t wipeout 2NR- wipeout
UnBrooks
1
Opponent: Rosemount KS | Judge: lucas smith
1AC- zapatistas 1NC- violence da noble savages da neech cap good 2NR- violence
chanhassen
2
Opponent: bj kw | Judge: dummond
1ac- 1nc- ptx xo cp cap k 2nr- ptx
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Cites
Entry
Date
1NC v BJ
Tournament: chanhassen | Round: 2 | Opponent: bj kw | Judge: dummond Obama is focused on financial issues – political capital will be key and is working now Jonathan Allen, Politico, 9/19/13, GOP battles boost President Obama, dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=17961849-5BE5-43CA-B1BC-ED8A12A534EB
There’s a simple reason President Barack Obama is using his bully pulpit to focus the AND the government shouldn’t shut down and that the country should pay its bills.
Offshore drilling cooperation with Mexico is contentious Geman 6/25 (Ben Geman 6/25/13; “White House ‘cannot support’ House US-Mexico drilling bill”; The Hill; http://thehill.com/blogs/e2-wire/e2-wire/307769-white-house-cannot-support-house-us-mexico-drilling-bill)//KDUB The White House said Tuesday that it opposes House legislation to implement a 2012 administration AND says the administration looks forward to working with Congress on an implementing bill.
A government shutdown would not only cause a reduction in available staff, there would AND and choose the targets with much less security behind them," said Tipton.
Nuclear War Jason Fritz, July 2009. Researcher for International Commission on Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament, former Army officer and consultant, and has a master of international relations at Bond University. “Hacking Nuclear Command and Control,” http://www.icnnd.org/latest/research/Jason_Fritz_Hacking_NC2.pdf.
This paper will analyse the threat of cyber terrorism in regard to nuclear weapons. AND its own, without the need for compromising command and control centres directly.
The President of the United States should issue an executive order to increase economic engagement with Mexico by passing and implementing the Transboundary Hydrocarbon Agreement. Executive orders increase presidential power Risen 4 Clay, Managing editor of Democracy: A Journal of Ideas, M.A. from the University of Chicago “The Power of the Pen: The Not-So-Secret Weapon of Congress-wary Presidents” The American Prospect, July 16, http://www.prospect.org/cs/articles?article=the_power_of_the_pen
In the modern era, executive orders have gone from being a tool largely reserved AND most controversial issues, from civil rights to labor relations to reproductive health. Sole presidential control of foreign policy is essential to combating terrorism Lansford and Pauly 3 Tom, assistant professor of political science, University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast + Robert J. adjunct professor of history and political Science at Norwich University, Northfield, Vermont, and Midlands Technical College “National Security Policy and the Strong Executive” Special Conference Report of American Diplomacy online May 20, http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2003_04-06/lansfordpauly_exec/lansfordpauly_exec.html Furthermore, American foreign policy is rooted in the notion of the “sole organ AND Bush administration to expand combat operations beyond Afghanistan to countries such as Iraq.
Third off
The plan locks in a neoliberal approach to energy and social relations---fossil fuel incentives create an unsustainable market model that causes social and ecological crisis Tim Di Muzio 12, Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Centre of Excellence in Global Governance Research, University of Helsinki, 2012, “The crisis of petro-market civilization: the past as prologue?,” in Global Crises and the Crisis of Global Leadership, ed. Gill, p. 83-85 Current trends, then, are patently unsustainable. However, the scale of the AND -carbon-dependent social order within a timeframe that avoids serious crises?
Capitalism drives unsustainable growth which inevitably causes extinction, a transition is inevitable, sooner is better Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND
or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon. The alternative is to vote negative to abandon the capitalist structures the Aff supports – it’s the only way out James Herod, 2004, “Getting Free”, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.
Mexico is well positioned to stand up to financial market turmoil but needs to remain AND he said. "Today, the Mexican economy has much stronger foundations."
Thus, these armed conflicts can hardly be said to be caused by poverty as AND by increasing repression (thereby using one form of violence to abort another.
resilient Globe and Mail 2010 (5/31/10, BRIAN MILNER, "While gloom says bear, TIGER points to bull", lexis, WEA)
Even at the height of the remarkable rebound of 2009 that brought stocks back from AND The reality, and the data, is that things are looking better."
warming The environment is invincible Easterbrook 95, Distinguished Fellow, Fullbright Foundation (Gregg, A Moment on Earth pg 25)
IN THE AFTERMATH OF EVENTS SUCH AS LOVE CANAL OR THE Exxon Valdez oil spill AND are pinpricks compared to forces of the magnitude nature is accustomed to resisting.
The political danger of catastrophism is matched by the weakness of its scientific foundation. AND and further investigation often shows that the reasons for collapse were fundamentally political.
bio d
Biodiversity isn’t key to survival Calgary Herald, August 30, 1997
Ecologists have long maintained that diversity is one of nature's greatest strengths, but new AND high biodiversity as a controller of ecosystem function and insurance against ecological collapse."
11/27/13
1NC v CC
Tournament: U of M | Round: 3 | Opponent: Wayzata CC | Judge: lucas smith T—categories A. Interpretation- economic engagement means using exclusively economic contacts like trade, loans and grants Resnik, 1 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yeshiva University (Evan, Journal of International Affairs, “Defining Engagement” v54, n2, political science complete)
A REFINED DEFINITION OF ENGAGEMENT In order to establish a more effective framework for dealing AND be shown below, permits the elucidation of multiple types of positive sanctions.
The automatic exchange of information2 is understood to involve the systematic and periodic transmission of AND an individual, to see if the reported income reasonably supports the transaction.
C. Voting issue –
limits – they explode the topic – blurring the lines between economic and other forms of engagement makes any positive interaction with another country topical. It’s impossible to predict or prepare
2. negative ground – the economic limit is vital to critiques of economics, trade disads, and non-economic counterplans
3. precision – it’s key to effective policy analysis Resnik, 1 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yeshiva University (Evan, Journal of International Affairs, “Defining Engagement” v54, n2, political science complete)
In matters of national security, establishing a clear definition of terms is a precondition AND the information necessary to better manage the rogue states of the 21st century.
used to say that people or things are together in one place —used to say that two or more people or things are doing something together or are involved in something : having (a particular characteristic, possession, etc.)
Violation- the plans mandates are ‘with’ the target country
Voter Limits- allowing affs that necessitate collaboration explodes the topic- means they could read an aff for US and Mexico to work together to invest in Brazil- impossible to prepare Ground- core of the topic is the offer from the US to one of the topic countries- using ‘with’ moots all negative strategies based off of the engagement- forces bad generic debating- hurts clash and education
1NC Shell
FIRST is the framework –
Negative utilitarianism, or NU, is the best framework – you should minimize suffering instead of trying to maximize pleasure B.Contestabile, Socrethics, 2005, “Negative Utilitarianism and Justice”, http://www.socrethics.com/Folder2/Justice.htm, umn-rks, gender modified
In the 20th century, the idea to formulate an ethical goal negatively is attributed AND preferred) rather than the attainment of established truths Popper, 284.
The most controversial NU strategy is a violent reduction of the population-size in AND attempt would be an increase in suffering and therefore contradict the utility function.
SECOND, Life is net suffering David Benatar, associate professor of philosophy University of Cape Town, 2006, “Better Never to Have Been”, p. 14, umn-rks
The central idea of this book is that coming into existence is always a serious AND harms that could not have befallen one had one not come into existence.
Unless suffering is the direct and immediate object of life, our existence must entirely AND . But what an awful fate this means for mankind as a whole!
Life is comparatively worse than non existence – every extension of life means additional suffering David Benatar, associate professor of philosophy University of Cape Town, 2006, “Better Never to Have Been”, p. 89-92, umn-rks
Whether or not one accepts the pessimistic view I have presented of ordinary healthy life AND not at their own heads, but at those of their future offspring.
Abstract. I think there's a small but non-negligible probability that humans or AND suffering, I conclude that creating infinitely many universes would be infinitely bad.
Starting a chain of eternal inflation in the laboratory would produce infinitely many new universes AND , in that case, cause infinitely many new instances of eternal torment.
FINALLY, Psychology means we overvalue our lives – err negative David Benatar, associate professor of philosophy University of Cape Town, 2006, “Better Never to Have Been”, p. 64-69, umn-rks
In fact, however, there is very good reason to doubt that these self AND would be, but they do not usually cause them to become negative.
11/27/13
1NC v CK
Tournament: Lakeville South | Round: 2 | Opponent: Bloomington CK | Judge: dummond 1 A. Interpretation- The plan must be conditioned Engagement towards a government must be conditional, the plan isn’t Haass and O’Sullivan, 2k - *Vice President and Director of Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution AND a Fellow with the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution (Richard and Meghan, “Terms of Engagement: Alternatives to Punitive Policies” Survival vol. 42, no. 2, Summer 2000, http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/articles/2000/6/summer20haass/2000survival.pdf
Many different types of engagement strategies exist, depending on who is engaged, the AND private sector in the hopes of promoting forces that will eventually facilitate cooperation.
2 Market incentives ignore the limits of exponential growth – the idea that regulations will solve environmental problems obscures the need to eliminate capitalism itself. Foster, 01 (John Bellamy Foster, editor of Monthly Review and professor of sociology at the University of Oregon. “Ecology Against Capitalism” http://www.monthlyreview.org/1001jbf.htm)
Capitalism and its economists have generally treated ecological problems as something to be avoided rather AND , and the spatial scales on which these problems manifest themselves are increasing. State is both a tool of domination and a means of propagating capitalism Travis Workman (pen name), “Corporate War and the Rise of American Fascism,” APORIA JOURNAL v. 2, 2002. Available from the World Wide Web at: http://aporiajournal.tripod.com/americanfascism.htm, accessed 3/30/05.
The state is not simply a tool for domination, although anyone who is in AND the reproduction of the capitalist economy and the state bureaucracy that regulates it.
Capitalism drives unsustainable growth which inevitably causes extinction, a transition is inevitable, sooner is better Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND
or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon. The alternative is to vote negative to abandon the capitalist structures the Aff supports – it’s the only way out James Herod, 2004, “Getting Free”, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.
3 The Aff impact claims are part of the Socratic Will to Order. Their attempt to order the world and resolve suffering creates an idealized “Real World” we seek to achieve, ignoring that these are fundamental aspects of life – this inevitable failure creates resentment towards life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 3-6, umn-rks
According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of ideas AND affirms and sanctions solely from the point of view of its interpretation.’
Their framework of controlling the world prevents us from enjoying life – danger is inevitable James Der Derian, Watson Institute research professor of international studies and professor of political science at Brown University, 1998, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, On Security, CIAO, umn-rks
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations of security through a genealogy of modes of AND the strange, new and hitherto unexperienced: the most habitual explanations. 38
Our alternative is an affirmation of eternal recurrence and amor fati—this is the only way to overcome ressentiment and transform our relationship with power NEWMAN 0 (SAUL, SENIOR LECTURER IN POLITICS @ U OF LONDON, “ANARCHISM AND THE POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT,” THEORY and EVENT - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 3, MUSE, AD: 7/8/09) JL Rather than having an external enemy -- like the State -- in opposition to which AND at minimizing the possibilities of domination, and increasing the possibilities for freedom.
4 DA Food aid reform is key to solving for hunger and poverty, but reform makes it vulnerable to cuts Stuteville 5-30-13 (Sarah Stuteville, writer for The Seattle Times, “U.S.-international-food aid now faces its own conflict” http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2021091028_sarahstoryxml.html 5-30-13) I’ve seen U.S. food aid at work in many of the countries AND cash-based system there’s going to be no one arguing for it.” USAID budget is tight – new spending forces tradeoffs with food aid Shah 4-24-13 (Rajiv Shah, Administrator of USAID, “USAID's Shah at Senate Hearing on FY 2014 Budget Priorities” http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/texttrans/2013/04/20130425146392.html#axzz2aMymqXy1 4-24-13) The FY 2014 request for USAID managed or partially managed accounts is $20. AND for development that continues to define the way we work around the world. Food aid is essential to food security Ninno, Dorosh, and Subbarao 05 (Carlo del Ninno, Senior Economist at The World Bank; Paul A. Dorosh, Division Director of the Development Strategy and Governance Division of the International Food Policy Research Institute; and Kalanidhi Subbarao, lead economist responsible for social protection issues in the Africa Region of the World Bank, “Food Aid and Food Security¶ in the Short and Long Run:¶ Country Experience from¶ Asia and sub-Saharan Africa” http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/sites/default/files/files/Have20your20say/Food_aid_in_Africa_and_Asia.pdf November 2005) Maintaining food security at the national and household level is a major priority for most AND deficits”, is often a major component of these food security ¶ strategies. Food insecurity causes state collapse and interstate conflicts Brinkman and Hendrix 11 (Henk-Jan Brinkman, Chief, Policy, Planning and Application in the Peace building Support Of ice of the¶ United Nations; and Cullen S. Hendrix, Assistant Professor, The College of William and Mary, and Fellow, “Food Insecurity and Violent Conflict: Causes,¶ Consequences, and Addressing the Challenges” http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/newsroom/wfp238358.pdf July 2011 Among major development organizations, the¶ unchallenged consensus is that war and conflict are AND higher food prices and food¶ insecurity, contributing to a vicious cycle. State collapse is the only existential risk O’Hanlon 06 (Michael O’Hanlon, senior fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution, “Dealing with the Collapse of a Nuclear-Armed State” http://www.princeton.edu/~ppns/papers/ohanlon.pdf 9-27-06) Few dangers in the 21st century could compete with the altogether too plausible scenario in AND nuclear weapons by a terrorist group in the anarchical ¶ environment that ensued. pemex Empirically denied--08 Bloomberg 11-30-08 (Gould, Jens Erik. Mexico won't avoid important slowdown in economy, Ortiz says. Bloomberg.com 11-30-08. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601086andsid=aYcIpFqBjEJUandrefer=news)
Mexico central bank governor Guillermo Ortiz said that his country's economy won't avoid an " AND domestic product that includes spending on infrastructure in a bid to create jobs.
Mexico is well positioned to stand up to financial market turmoil but needs to remain AND he said. "Today, the Mexican economy has much stronger foundations."
BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- Iran's nuclear issue has escalated again AND crude exports, to say nothing of launching strikes against Iran's nuclear facilities.
won’t escalate Matthew Kroenig 12 Matthew Kroenig is a Stanton nuclear security fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and an assistant professor of government at Georgetown University. From July 2010 to July 2011, he was a Council on Foreign Relations International Affairs Fellow in the Department of Defense, where he worked on Middle East defense policy and strategy. Previously, in 2005, he worked as a strategist in the Office of the Secretary of Defense “Why Attacking Iran Is A Good Idea” March 21, 2012 http://postwarwatch.com/2012/03/21/matthew-kroenig-attacking-iran/
The United States would try to build international support for an attack, to build AND I think they would lodge a diplomatic protest, but that is all.
In a paper published in Systematics and Biodiversity, Willis et al. (2010 AND the fossil record indicates remarkable biotic resilience to wide amplitude fluctuations in climate."
Dodd frank
Afghanistan instability does not lead to Indo-Pak – doesn’t make Pakistan aggressive and is stabilizing. Finel ‘9 Bernard Finel, an Atlantic Council contributing editor, is a senior fellow at the American Security Project.. “Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nuclear War”. September 1, 2009. Atlantic Council. http://www.acus.org/new_atlanticist/afghanistan-pakistan-and-nuclear-war
Second, the argument relies on incoherent strategic logic. “Fixing” Afghanistan would AND almost certainly eases the security dilemma in South Asia rather than increasing it.
12/1/13
1NC v DW
Tournament: U of M | Round: 2 | Opponent: Wayzata DW | Judge: dahl First Off The President of the United States should issue an executive order to create an Automatic Exchange of Information and Trade Transparency Units with Mexico. Executive orders get past congressional gridlock avoiding the link to politics Koenig 12 (Brian Koenig, Yahoo News, “Obama Uses Executive Orders to Bypass Congress Obama Uses Executive Orders to Bypass Congress”, 4-23-12, http://news.yahoo.com/obama-uses-executive-orders-bypass-congress-192700126.html) MaxL President Barack Obama's agenda, particularly involving legislative proposals like his ambitious "Buffett Rule AND I have an obligation as president to do what I can without them." second Off The debt limit will be raised now—Obama PC key to further negotiations WSJ, 10/10, (“Obama, GOP Open Talks Over Temporary Debt Fix”, 10/10/2013, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303382004579127241553500068)
President Barack Obama and House Republicans began discussions Thursday on a GOP proposal to extend AND a surrendering of tools it uses to avoid falling behind on federal payments. Political capital is finite and key --- the plan trades off Moore, 9/10 --- Guardian's US finance and economics editor (Heidi, 9/10/2013, “Syria: the great distraction; Obama is focused on a conflict abroad, but the fight he should be gearing up for is with Congress on America's economic security,” http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/sep/10/obama-syria-what-about-sequester))
Before President Obama speaks to the nation about Syria tonight, take a look at AND better. As it is, he should now judge his actions better. Failure to raise debt ceiling collapses military effectiveness and heg Masters 1/2/13 (Jonathan, Deputy Editor for the Council on Foreign Relations, “US Debt Ceiling Costs Consequences,” http://www.cfr.org/international-finance/us-debt-ceiling-costs-consequences/p24751) The government must be able to issue new debt as long as it continues to AND congressional approval for any increase (or decrease) from this statutory level. Cutting military spending jacks hegemony – signals perception of weakness Kagan ‘09 (Robert, senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2/3/09, “No Time To Cut Defense,”) A reduction in defense spending this year would unnerve American allies and undercut efforts to AND be taken by the world as evidence that the American retreat has begun. US leadership solves war Zhang and Shi 11(Both MA candidates at Columbia University. Yuhan, researcher @ Carnegie Endowment for international peace and Lin, consultant for the World Bank. “America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry.” January 22nd, 2011) http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/
Paul Kennedy was probably right: the US will go the way of all great AND forecast in a future that will inevitably be devoid of unrivalled US primacy. third Off U.S. and China influence in Latin America is a zero-sum game– Chinese involvement in Latin America growing Kreps and Flores-Macias 13 - Sarah E. Kreps is Assistant Professor of Government at Cornell University. Gustavo A. Flores-Macías is Assistant Professor of Government at Cornell University. They are the authors of "The Foreign Policy Consequences of Aid: China’s Commercial Relations with Africa and Latin America, 1992–2006," which appears in the most recent issue of the Journal of Politics. (Sarah and Gustavo, “No Strings Attached? Evaluating China’s Trade Relations Abroad”, The Diplomat, May 17 2013, http://thediplomat.com/china-power/no-strings-attached-evaluating-chinas-trade-relations-abroad/)//CB
¶ Whether by design or not, the convergence with China’s foreign policy goals is AND its trade and diplomatic agenda as an important means of projecting influence abroad.
Increased US influence kills US China relations Sun Lee, 12 – Assistant professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations at the Korea University (Dong, “A Tamed Struggle for Influence: The Future of US-China Relations”, August, http://www.eai.or.kr/data/bbs/eng_report/201208211730963.pdf)//VP Albeit secondary to the above-mentioned territorial interests, expanding its influence in neighboring AND , it prioritizes improving its capabilities for projecting power into the surrounding regions.
Relations are key to solve a US-China war Lawrence, Specialist in Asian Affairs, 13 Susan V. June 14, Congressional Research Service U.S.-China Relations: Policy Issues http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R41108.pdf RC
Hanging over the relationship is the larger question of whether, as China grows in AND “appear to ¶ be attributable directly to the Chinese government and military.”
While nuclear weapons exist, there remains a danger that they will be used. AND and Chinese people are interested in ensuring their survival and that of the w Fourth Off The Aff impact claims are part of the Socratic Will to Order. Their attempt to order the world and resolve suffering creates an idealized “Real World” we seek to achieve, ignoring that these are fundamental aspects of life – this inevitable failure creates resentment towards life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 3-6, umn-rks
According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of ideas AND affirms and sanctions solely from the point of view of its interpretation.’
Their framework of controlling the world prevents us from enjoying life – danger is inevitable James Der Derian, Watson Institute research professor of international studies and professor of political science at Brown University, 1998, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, On Security, CIAO, umn-rks
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations of security through a genealogy of modes of AND the strange, new and hitherto unexperienced: the most habitual explanations. 38
This desire to control the world creates violence and a hatred for life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 10, umn-rks
The dichotomisation of the ideal and apparent worlds results in a second inversion. The AND philosophical foundation. As such, it is neither factual nor beyond critique.
Thus the Alternative – embrace the 1AC impacts as way of accepting the unknowable aspects of life – this risks danger but your mortality is a certainty. The alternative is the only way to bring meaning to life by living life eventfully through a rolling of the dice. Gilles Deleuze, French Philosopher, 1983, “Nietzsche and Philosophy”, p. 25-27
The game has two moments which are those of a dicethrow – the dice that AND the repetition of a dicethrow by the nature of the fatally obtained number.
Case Growth FIRST: Their evidence relies on flawed models – economic collapse forces countries to focus inward – solves risk of conflict Bennett and Nordstrom 2k – Department of Political Science, Pennsylvania State University (D. Scott, Timothy, “Foreign Policy Substitutability and Internal Economic Problems in Enduring Rivalries,” The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 44, No. 1, Feb., pp. 33-61, JSTOR)
Most scholarly works that examine the effects of domestic economic woes on international behavior have AND and we are looking for correlations between failed externalization attempts and further diversion.
SECOND, Collapse is inevitable – history proves Debora MacKenzie, writer, 4/5/08, “Are we doomed?”, New Scientist, Academic Search Premier, umn-rks
DOOMSDAY. The end of civilisation. Literature and film abound with tales of plague AND the same way unless we choose to stop destroying our environmental support systems.
THIRD, collapse now is key to prevent environment collapse and extinction Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND sabotage to hasten the day. It is more fragile than it looks.
FOURTH, growth causes war Ted Trainer, lecturer in Sociology at the University of New South Wales, 1998, "Our Unsustainable Society: Basic Causes, Interconnections, and Solutions”, The Coming Age of Scarcity: Preventing Mass Death and Genocide in the Twenty-first Century, edited by Michael N. Dobkowski and Isidor Wallimann, p. 91-92, google books, umn-rks Some of the most disturbing implications of the limits-to-growth analysis of AND , the supreme commitment in our economy is to rapid and ceaseless growth!
poverty They don’t access solvency for poverty- not in the context of complete solvency Plan doesn’t stop all IFFs- just provides information for enforcement- if the enforcement doesn’t exist now it wont post plan Poverty inevitable- war worsens
Status Quo solves Poverty – Benefit programs in mexico and Brazil significantly reduced poverty and are modeled globally – peer reviewed Rosenberg 11 – (Tina, columnist for the New York Times “To Beat Back Poverty, Pay the Poor” 1/3/11 http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/03/to-beat-back-poverty-pay-the-poor/?_r=0) DF The program, called Bolsa Familia (Family Grant) in Brazil, goes by AND schooling levels. Indigenous Mexicans have particularly benefited, staying in school longer. --Oportunidades has been successful and reduced poverty NYT 6 – (The New York Times, “Paying for Better Parenting” 10/17/06 http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/17/opinion/17tues4.html?ex=1318737600anden=b0691545441aa115andei=5090andpartner=rssuserlandandemc=rss) DF The idea is based on a highly successful Mexican antipoverty program, known as Oportunidades AND areas, the number of children starting high school increased by 85 percent.
Bioterror Bioterror risk is low—dispersal problems, tech barriers, risk of back spread—experts agree
John Mueller, Professor, Political Science, Ohio State University, OVERBLOWN: HOW POLITICIANS AND THE TERRORISM INDUSTRY INFLATE NATIONAL SECURITY THREATS, AND WHY WE BELIEVE THEM, 2009, p. 21-22.
For the most destructive results, biological weapons need to be dispersed in very low AND warfare the easier they he seems to think the task is.""
11/27/13
1NC v GP
Tournament: Lakeville South | Round: 4 | Opponent: Roseville GP | Judge: plutowski 1 A. interpretation Economic engagement is distinct from offering a quid pro quo Celik 11 Arda Can Çelik, graduate M.A in political science and international relations at Uppsala University Sweden, “Economic sanctions and engagement policies,” http://www.grin.com/en/e-book/175204/economic-sanctions-and-engagement-policies Economic engagement policies are strategic integration behaviour which involves with the target state. Engagement AND believes in that economic linkages have political transformation potential.(Kroll,1993)
2 State is both a tool of domination and a means of propagating capitalism Travis Workman (pen name), “Corporate War and the Rise of American Fascism,” APORIA JOURNAL v. 2, 2002. Available from the World Wide Web at: http://aporiajournal.tripod.com/americanfascism.htm, accessed 3/30/05.
The state is not simply a tool for domination, although anyone who is in AND the reproduction of the capitalist economy and the state bureaucracy that regulates it.
The 1AC’s knowledge production is centered in a neoliberal methodology- discourse and reaction aim to forbid counterhegemonic forces from overcoming it. Their advantage claims are forever tied to covering up harms so as to uphold the core system Neubauer 12 (Robert J, is a Phd Student at the School of Communications at Simon Fraser University, Vancouver “Dialogue, Monologue, or Something in Between? Neoliberal Think Tanks in the Americas,” http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/viewfile/1481/789) A key function of organic intellectuals is to respond to crises. To remain hegemonic AND financial stability. “There is no alternative” (p. 7).
Capitalism drives unsustainable growth which inevitably causes extinction, a transition is inevitable, sooner is better Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND
or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon. The alternative is to vote negative to abandon the capitalist structures the Aff supports – it’s the only way out James Herod, 2004, “Getting Free”, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction. 3 The aff’s appeal to the judge is in attempt to internalize the suffering of their impact scenario. Pain and suffering are inherent conditions of life, not arguments against the alternative’s affirmation of it. Deleuze 83 Gilles, “Nietzsche and Philosophy”, ‘The Dicethrow’, Pg 129-130
In order to understand the nature of this invention we must assess the importance of AND is internalised. But who invents and wills the internal meaning of pain? The Aff impact claims are part of the Socratic Will to Order. Their attempt to order the world and resolve suffering creates an idealized “Real World” we seek to achieve, ignoring that these are fundamental aspects of life – this inevitable failure creates resentment towards life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 3-6, umn-rks
According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of ideas AND affirms and sanctions solely from the point of view of its interpretation.’
Their framework of controlling the world prevents us from enjoying life – danger is inevitable James Der Derian, Watson Institute research professor of international studies and professor of political science at Brown University, 1998, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, On Security, CIAO, umn-rks
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations of security through a genealogy of modes of AND the strange, new and hitherto unexperienced: the most habitual explanations. 38
Our alternative is an affirmation of eternal recurrence and amor fati—this is the only way to overcome ressentiment and transform our relationship with power NEWMAN 0 (SAUL, SENIOR LECTURER IN POLITICS @ U OF LONDON, “ANARCHISM AND THE POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT,” THEORY and EVENT - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 3, MUSE, AD: 7/8/09) JL Rather than having an external enemy -- like the State -- in opposition to which AND at minimizing the possibilities of domination, and increasing the possibilities for freedom. 4 Food aid reform is key to solving for hunger and poverty, but reform makes it vulnerable to cuts Stuteville 5-30-13 (Sarah Stuteville, writer for The Seattle Times, “U.S.-international-food aid now faces its own conflict” http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2021091028_sarahstoryxml.html 5-30-13) I’ve seen U.S. food aid at work in many of the countries AND cash-based system there’s going to be no one arguing for it.” USAID budget is tight – new spending forces tradeoffs with food aid Shah 4-24-13 (Rajiv Shah, Administrator of USAID, “USAID's Shah at Senate Hearing on FY 2014 Budget Priorities” http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/texttrans/2013/04/20130425146392.html#axzz2aMymqXy1 4-24-13) The FY 2014 request for USAID managed or partially managed accounts is $20. AND for development that continues to define the way we work around the world. Food aid is essential to food security Ninno, Dorosh, and Subbarao 05 (Carlo del Ninno, Senior Economist at The World Bank; Paul A. Dorosh, Division Director of the Development Strategy and Governance Division of the International Food Policy Research Institute; and Kalanidhi Subbarao, lead economist responsible for social protection issues in the Africa Region of the World Bank, “Food Aid and Food Security¶ in the Short and Long Run:¶ Country Experience from¶ Asia and sub-Saharan Africa” http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/sites/default/files/files/Have20your20say/Food_aid_in_Africa_and_Asia.pdf November 2005) Maintaining food security at the national and household level is a major priority for most AND deficits”, is often a major component of these food security ¶ strategies. Food insecurity causes state collapse and interstate conflicts Brinkman and Hendrix 11 (Henk-Jan Brinkman, Chief, Policy, Planning and Application in the Peace building Support Of ice of the¶ United Nations; and Cullen S. Hendrix, Assistant Professor, The College of William and Mary, and Fellow, “Food Insecurity and Violent Conflict: Causes,¶ Consequences, and Addressing the Challenges” http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/newsroom/wfp238358.pdf July 2011 Among major development organizations, the¶ unchallenged consensus is that war and conflict are AND higher food prices and food¶ insecurity, contributing to a vicious cycle. State collapse is the only existential risk O’Hanlon 06 (Michael O’Hanlon, senior fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution, “Dealing with the Collapse of a Nuclear-Armed State” http://www.princeton.edu/~ppns/papers/ohanlon.pdf 9-27-06) Few dangers in the 21st century could compete with the altogether too plausible scenario in AND nuclear weapons by a terrorist group in the anarchical ¶ environment that ensued.
Case Making business more expensive in Mexico just means that the companies will shift to Asia, this leaves maquiladora workers jobless and moves problems across the globe – this proves unions can do nothing to stop the harms of capitalism Stanley Joseph Rapiey and Colonel Justin Speegle, United States Air Force, Maquiladoras and National Security: Design Theory as a Guide, October 25th, 2011. Accessed online @ http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a555400.pdf ¶ First of all, the United States government must encourage American companies to ¶ AND American companies and the need to preserve a secure environment along the border.
12/1/13
1NC v HF DS
Tournament: Caucus | Round: 3 | Opponent: HoFlo DS | Judge: owen 1 Their assumption that Cuban need America to help them out romanticizes capitalist life Lambie, 10 – Ph.D., joint-editor of the International Journal of Cuban Studies, and Lecturer in Public Policy at De Montfort University (George Lambie, “The Cuban Revolution in the 21st Century”, Pluto Press, pg. 202-205)eek
It cannot be denied that Cuba’s massive economic contraction, after the collapse of the AND previous generation, and its certainty in the historical destiny of the Revolution. Capitalism drives unsustainable growth which inevitably causes extinction, a transition is inevitable, sooner is better Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND
or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon. The alternative is to vote negative to abandon the capitalist structures the Aff supports – it’s the only way out James Herod, 2004, “Getting Free”, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.
There is no VTL under capitalism, it commodifies all existence- it’s try or die to escape capitalism Dillon 99 (Michael Dillon, University of Lancaster, “Another Justice” Political Theory Vol. 27, No. 2, Aprill 1999, JSTOR)
Otherness is born(e) within the self as an integral part of itself AND , is integral to the lack constitutive of the human way of being.
Method comes first – political action fails to understand that the root cause of their impacts this means that if we win our links, or that capitalism is the root cause/explanation for any of their impacts, we have a link argument, because focusing on the incorrect solution legitimates capitalism as a normal form of interactions that we can live with Stephen Tumino, prof. of English at Pitt, 2001, “What is Orthodox Marxism and Why it Matters Now More than Ever”, Red Critique, p. online
Any effective political theory will have to do at least two things: it will AND determinism of corporate theory ("knowledge work") that masquerades as social theory.
If we disprove the principles behind their affirmative then it has ZERO predictive ability. Their specific warrants are irrelevant if their starting methodology is flawed. STEELE, 92 (David Ramsay, author and Editorial Director of Open CourtPublishing Company, From Marx to Mises: Post-Capitalist Society andthe Challenge of Economic Calculation p. 100)
Does this lead us to embrace the extremely anti-Misesian contentionthat 'the realism of AND congenial, then there is no reason why they need to be true.
2 nadia and I advocate that the United States federal government should remove its economic sanctions towards Cuba if: - Cuba agrees to engage in dialogue with the United States Federal Government over human rights reform
Only the CP solves—the plan strengthens the elite’s grip on power LA Times 07 (Los Angeles Times, 26 Oct 2007, “Carrots for Cuba; We've lifted trade and travel embargoes on China and Vietnam. Why should Havana be different?, proquest) KY In the wake of 9/11, Washington's thinking about Cuba -- when it AND Cuba "would merely enrich the elites in power and strengthen their grip."
Human rights are a priori concern with Cuba - otherwise trade increases state power and kills human rights Diaz-Balart, 09 - Member of the US Congress (Lincoln, 1/09/2009 , Florida, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/631ba38a-ddf0-11dd-87dc-000077b07658.html#axzz2YamKStWi)//GP The reason we maintain a trade and tourism embargo on the Cuban dictatorship (a AND political prisoners and while the regime remains a state sponsor of international terrorism. Lifting the embargo unconditionally will not ease poverty—is caused by the regime Mitchell Bustillo, “Time to Strengthen the Cuban Embargo,” INTERNATIONAL POLICY DIGEST, 5—9—13, www.internationalpolicydigest.org/2013/05/09/time-to-strengthen-the-cuban-embargo/. These remittances are sent by Americans to help their Cuban families, not support the AND the Cuban people cannot be blamed on the United States or the embargo.
“Increased,” as used in West’s Ann Cal Const art 12, 11, AND a meaning would be to inject into the provision the word “create.”
12/1/13
1NC v HH
Tournament: Highland Park | Round: 6 | Opponent: Washburn HH | Judge: appleget 1 This Outweighs their Turns: Failure to establish research parameters leads to the Failure of Design Games
Sarratore 99 (Steven T. is Associate Professor of Theatre and Associate Dean of Fine and Performing Arts at Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne “Design Games,” Theatre Topics 9.1)
The design games offered below owe their development to a variety of inspirations and sources AND exclusion of the elements that the designer-gamemaster ultimately controls the project. Predictable research and project parameters are key to innovation—this is the best internal link to education
Sarratore 99 (Steven T. is Associate Professor of Theatre and Associate Dean of Fine and Performing Arts at Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne “Design Games,” Theatre Topics 9.1)
The development and implementation of design games generally require the following four processes: 1 AND to step outside of the game and manipulate the pieces outside of the rules 2 Identity politics prevent a unified struggle against capitalism by rendering the exploitation of class as secondary, making capitalism appear invisible. Holmstrom in 97 (Nancy, Professor Emeritus Department of Philosophy at Rutgers, Renewing Historical Materialism, Solidarity, http://www.solidarity-us.org/node/2198) In fact, she suggests, one way of understanding the uniqueness of the modern AND validation, class differences should not be recognized and validated, but abolished!
The struggle against capitalism cannot happen through solidarity of movements based on identity-top to bottom the priority MUST be a focus on economics, not identity Dean in 10 Jodi; prof poli sci @ Hobart and William Smith College; The Solidarity of Communists: Why We Defend Others « Kasama; I Cite; http://jdeanicite.typepad.com/i_cite/2010/10/the-solidarity-of-communists-why-we-defend-others-kasama.html Some people will (of course) act because they think they may “be AND because it is the right thing to do as we serve the people.
Dialectical materialism is the only sustainable way to create change. Their belief in pure subjectivity separates us from the backdrop of capitalism that determines that subjectivity, making capitalism inevitable Lukacs in 67 (George, Hungarian Marxist philosopher and literary critic. He is a founder of the tradition of Western Marxism. He contributed the ideas of reification and class consciousness to Marxist philosophy and theory, and his literary criticism was influential in thinking about realism and about the novel as a literary genre. He served briefly as Hungary's Minister of Culture as part of the government of the short-lived Hungarian Soviet Republic, History and Class Consciousness) The practical danger of every such dualism shows itself in the loss of any directive AND the interests of the movement as a whole" 23-24
The alternative is to reject the affirmative in favor of a historical materialist methodology to challenge capitalism. This method is critical to generate a pedagogy which privileges the relations of production for a better understanding of social and political oppression. Tumino 01 Stephen Tumino, Prof. English @ Pitt “What is Orthodox Marxism and Why it Matters Now More than Ever”, Red Critique, 2001 p. online Any effective political theory will have to do at least two things: it will AND determinism of corporate theory ("knowledge work") that masquerades as social theory.
Our method is key to access agency McNally 1993, DAVID “E P Thompson: class struggle and historical materialism,” INTERNATIONAL SOCIALISM JOURNAL 61, Winter, online There is a danger that in making these criticisms I will lead some to the AND E P Thompson, and much that deserves to be affirmed and renewed.
Case 1NC Borders are inevitable Newman, 06 - Department of Politics and Government, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheba, Israel (David, Progress in Human Geography, April, “The lines that continue to separate us: borders in our 'borderless' world,” vol. 30, no. 2, p. 143) We live in a world of lines and compartments. We may not necessarily see AND Albert et at, 2001; van Houtum and van Naerssen, 2002). Identity political movements are biopolitical --- constrains freedom by forcing people to conform to norms Hayward, 10 (Clarissa Rile, Associate Professor of Political Science at Washington University in St. Louis, and Ron Watson, doctoral student in Political Science at Washington University in St. Louis, “The Politics of Identity after Identity Politics: Identity and Political Theory,” 33 Wash. U. J.L. and Pol'y 9, lexis, Tashma)
B. Identity's Burdens Still, because identities constrain freedom - because they define " AND trust and belonging, always also fosters exclusion and nontrivial forms of unfreedom.
Biopolitical control is an unending form of genocide and mass violence Michel Foucault, professor of philosophy at the college de france, The History Of Sexuality: An Introduction, Volume 1, 1978, pg. 136-137 Since the classical age the West has undergone a very profound transformation of these mechanisms AND species, the race, and the large-scale phenomena of population.
Despite the colonial history of the United States and racializing Native Americans in popular culture AND America and is fundamental both to its establishment and to its continued existence.
What is particularly interesting about these modern-day morality plays is the particular status AND that we can hold it before us and admonish it with full vigour.
Focusing upon the traumatic elements of subjectivity denies the agency present within attempts at thwarting white supremacy and domination Walker 12 – Graduate of Psychosocial studies (Tracey, Graduate of Psychosocial Studies at Birbeck University of London, Graduate Journal of Social Science July 2012, Vol. 9, Issue 2, " The Future of Slavery: From Cultural Trauma to Ethical Remembrance" pg. 165-167, http://gjss.org/images/stories/volumes/9/2/Walker20Article.pdf)
To argue that there is more to the popular conception of slaves as victims who AND relation with our ancestors who lived and survived in the time of slavery.
Essentialism is the idea that there exists some detectible and objective core quality of particular AND been oppressed is immaterial — essentialism is not the exclusive domain of oppressors.
12/1/13
1NC v KS
Tournament: Highland Park | Round: 7 | Opponent: Rosemount KS | Judge: sox Zapatista Movement Fails
1) After seventeen years, it’s clear that the Zapatista movement lacks any momentum, has been co-opted and cannot deliver its promises globally
Seventeen years after rallying cries for land and freedom sparked the Zapatista rebellion, a AND and re-enter the greater imagination of the national and international community.
4) Occupy Wall Street proves that their politics are a depolitical form of fragmentation that collapses into irrelevance. Also, neoliberalism is inevitable as there is no alternative. Kurki, 11 (Milja, Aberystwyth University, UK The Limitations of the Critical Edge: Reflections on Critical and Philosophical IR Scholarship Today, Millennium: Journal of International Studies (Published Online) http://mil.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/05/07/0305829811411997.full.pdf 9/12/11) It is a sign of the times that while dissatisfaction with the political and economic AND , there is no real systematic, effective or realistic opposition to it.
5 TURN – Violence
Zapatistas use military capture to establish presence and advocate a violent struggle
In December, 40,000 Zapatista supporters marched through villages in Chiapas, re AND - kept wide by privileged landowners who ran feudal fiefdoms with private armies".
Zapatista leader Marcos often issues statements that intentionally provoke violence against politicians
Critics say the newest declarations by Subcomandante Marcos — who Mexican authorities say is a AND struggles are increasingly coming to the front line, in Mexico and globally.”
The logic of violence relies on an illusion perpetuated that there are no alternatives to saving humanity outside of destroying it in the pursuit of the end of history. Underpinning this cycle is a complete devaluation of any and all humanity in the name of collective suicide.
Boaventura de Santos, Prof at Univ of Coimbra, April 2003, “Collective Suicide?”, Bad Subjects, Issue # 63
According to Franz Hinkelammert, the West has repeatedly been under the illusion that it AND to pay the health costs of the world's poorest countries for four years.
We must abandon the notion that ends can justify means in our attempts to achieve peace. Peace is not only an end, but also the only means to that end.
MLK, Dr Martin Luther King, Jr., The Trumpet Of Conscience, 1967, p. 70-71
Now let me say, secondly, that if we are to have peace in AND in the means, and ultimately destructive means cannot bring about constructive ends.
? 6 Turn – Anarchy
The origins of the Zapatista movement are rooted in anarchy – dismantling systems that promote rule of law.
One could trace these forms of action back to the stunts and guerrilla theater of AND . But it seems to me one could look at this another way.
Rule of law is key to preserve ecology – Anarchy results in the tragedy of the commons and ruins the environment
William Ophuls, former Professor of Political Science, Northwestern and A. Stephen Boyan, Professor of Political Science, University of Maryland, 92 ECOLOGY AND THE POLITICS OF SCARCITY REVISITED, p.195.
In short, resources that once were so abundant that they were freely available to AND been sufficiently strong to even partial or even total destruction of a resource).
7 Turn – Noble Savages
The Zapatista movement has embraced and reified the image of the Mayan Indians of Chiapas as noble savages
Adrienne Russell, “Myth and the Zapatista movement: exploring a network identity.” New Media and Society Jul 11, 2005 accessed online @ http://nms.sagepub.com/content/7/4/559
(1) Although much has been written about media and myth, little has been written (2) AND (3) provides the flexibility needed to successfully garner support in the expanded media landscape.
The image of the Noble Savage arises from the colonial drive to order and make sense within Western frames by labeling indigenous peoples as connected to the environment. This representation is dehumanizing and fails to acknowledge Native ontologies Shepard Krech III, PhD and Professor of Anthropology and Environmental Studies at Brown University, 1999, “The Ecological Indian: Myth and History”, W. W. Norton and Company, New York: London, acc. 2/15/13, p. 15-27
Even though an invention of Madison Avenue, the Crying Indian is an effective image AND fathom or confront the evidence for relationships between Indians and the environment.50
8 ABLEISM TURN
) They take an ableist approach to the world by taking a stand and focusing on physical capability to commit to solidarity with the Zapatista movement.
) Ableism is the root cause of several forms of domination--- sexism and racism are types of Ableism Gregor Wolbring, Development, 2008, 51, (252–258) Associate Professor Community Rehabilitation and Disability Studies, Past President of Canadian Disability Studies Association and member of the board of the Society for Disability Studies (USA) http://secure.gvsu.edu/cms3/assets/3B8FF455-E590-0E6C-3ED0F895A6FBB287/the_politics_of_ableism.pdf Sexism is partly driven by a form of ableism that favours certain abilities, and AND qualities are ‘abilities’ that make them fit for specific duties and occupations.
9 Neoliberalism Good
Neoliberalism creates better environmental conditions than alternatives
Walberg and Bast, 03 (Herbert J. Walberg, distinguished visiting fellow at the Hoover Institution, and Joseph L. Bast, C.E.O. of the Heartland Institute, October 23, 2003, “Education and Capitalism: How Overcoming Our Fear of Markets and Economics Can Improve America's Schools”, page X)
CAPITALISM HARMS THE ENVIRONMENT Today most of us are environmentalists, so the environmental effects AND natural resources or lower the alarming mortality and morbidity rates of their people.
Neoliberalism is key to ending poverty Balko 2002 Radley senior editor at Reason magazine. Previously, he was a policy analyst for the Cato Institute, specializing in vice and civil liberties issues (October 20, 2002) Capitalism Key to Ending Poverty (http://www.capmag.com/article.asp?ID=1981) World poverty is down. And the reasons for all of this are, to AND to markets and capitalism -- sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab world.
Neoliberalism solves for diseases, starvation, and generally allows for populations to rise above misery. Bernstein 05 Andrew Objectivist philosopher and professor of philosophy at Marist College Global Capitalism: The Solution to World Oppression and Poverty (Part 3of 3) by (September 29, 2005) http://www.capmag.com/article.asp?ID=4400 With the minds and actions of commoners – the overwhelming preponderance of men – severely AND political-economic freedom. Capitalism provides those conditions; feudalism did not.
Neoliberalism prevents war and paves the way for peace
Doug Bandow 2005 is a senior fellow at the Cato Institute. He served as a special assistant to President Reagan- November 12, 2005(Spreading Capitalism Is Good for Peace, http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=5193 In a world that seems constantly aflame, one naturally asks: What causes peace AND out that peace is good business. And capitalism is good for peace.
12/1/13
1NC v KS2
Tournament: UnBrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rosemount KS | Judge: lucas smith 1 Zapatistas use military capture to establish presence and advocate a violent struggle
In December, 40,000 Zapatista supporters marched through villages in Chiapas, re AND - kept wide by privileged landowners who ran feudal fiefdoms with private armies".
Zapatista leader Marcos often issues statements that intentionally provoke violence against politicians
Critics say the newest declarations by Subcomandante Marcos — who Mexican authorities say is a AND struggles are increasingly coming to the front line, in Mexico and globally.”
The logic of violence relies on an illusion perpetuated that there are no alternatives to saving humanity outside of destroying it in the pursuit of the end of history. Underpinning this cycle is a complete devaluation of any and all humanity in the name of collective suicide.
Boaventura de Santos, Prof at Univ of Coimbra, April 2003, “Collective Suicide?”, Bad Subjects, Issue # 63
According to Franz Hinkelammert, the West has repeatedly been under the illusion that it AND to pay the health costs of the world's poorest countries for four years.
We must abandon the notion that ends can justify means in our attempts to achieve peace. Peace is not only an end, but also the only means to that end.
MLK, Dr Martin Luther King, Jr., The Trumpet Of Conscience, 1967, p. 70-71
Now let me say, secondly, that if we are to have peace in AND in the means, and ultimately destructive means cannot bring about constructive ends.
2 The Zapatista movement has embraced and reified the image of the Mayan Indians of Chiapas as noble savages
Adrienne Russell, “Myth and the Zapatista movement: exploring a network identity.” New Media and Society Jul 11, 2005 accessed online @ http://nms.sagepub.com/content/7/4/559
(1) Although much has been written about media and myth, little has been written (2) AND (3) provides the flexibility needed to successfully garner support in the expanded media landscape.
The image of the Noble Savage arises from the colonial drive to order and make sense within Western frames by labeling indigenous peoples as connected to the environment. This representation is dehumanizing and fails to acknowledge Native ontologies Shepard Krech III, PhD and Professor of Anthropology and Environmental Studies at Brown University, 1999, “The Ecological Indian: Myth and History”, W. W. Norton and Company, New York: London, acc. 2/15/13, p. 15-27
Even though an invention of Madison Avenue, the Crying Indian is an effective image AND fathom or confront the evidence for relationships between Indians and the environment.50
3 The Aff impact claims are part of the Socratic Will to Order. Their attempt to order the world and resolve suffering creates an idealized “Real World” we seek to achieve, ignoring that these are fundamental aspects of life – this inevitable failure creates resentment towards life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 3-6, umn-rks
According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of ideas AND affirms and sanctions solely from the point of view of its interpretation.’
Their framework of controlling the world prevents us from enjoying life – danger is inevitable James Der Derian, Watson Institute research professor of international studies and professor of political science at Brown University, 1998, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, On Security, CIAO, umn-rks
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations of security through a genealogy of modes of AND the strange, new and hitherto unexperienced: the most habitual explanations. 38
Our alternative is an affirmation of eternal recurrence and amor fati—this is the only way to overcome ressentiment and transform our relationship with power NEWMAN 0 (SAUL, SENIOR LECTURER IN POLITICS @ U OF LONDON, “ANARCHISM AND THE POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT,” THEORY and EVENT - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 3, MUSE, AD: 7/8/09) JL Rather than having an external enemy -- like the State -- in opposition to which AND at minimizing the possibilities of domination, and increasing the possibilities for freedom.
case
1) After seventeen years, it’s clear that the Zapatista movement lacks any momentum, has been co-opted and cannot deliver its promises globally
Seventeen years after rallying cries for land and freedom sparked the Zapatista rebellion, a AND and re-enter the greater imagination of the national and international community.
4) Occupy Wall Street proves that their politics are a depolitical form of fragmentation that collapses into irrelevance. Also, neoliberalism is inevitable as there is no alternative. Kurki, 11 (Milja, Aberystwyth University, UK The Limitations of the Critical Edge: Reflections on Critical and Philosophical IR Scholarship Today, Millennium: Journal of International Studies (Published Online) http://mil.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/05/07/0305829811411997.full.pdf 9/12/11) It is a sign of the times that while dissatisfaction with the political and economic AND , there is no real systematic, effective or realistic opposition to it. 5) Neoliberalism is key to ending poverty Balko 2002 Radley senior editor at Reason magazine. Previously, he was a policy analyst for the Cato Institute, specializing in vice and civil liberties issues (October 20, 2002) Capitalism Key to Ending Poverty (http://www.capmag.com/article.asp?ID=1981) World poverty is down. And the reasons for all of this are, to AND to markets and capitalism -- sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab world.
6) Neoliberalism prevents war and paves the way for peace
Doug Bandow 2005 is a senior fellow at the Cato Institute. He served as a special assistant to President Reagan- November 12, 2005(Spreading Capitalism Is Good for Peace, http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=5193 In a world that seems constantly aflame, one naturally asks: What causes peace AND out that peace is good business. And capitalism is good for peace.
7) Neoliberalism creates better environmental conditions than alternatives
Walberg and Bast, 03 (Herbert J. Walberg, distinguished visiting fellow at the Hoover Institution, and Joseph L. Bast, C.E.O. of the Heartland Institute, October 23, 2003, “Education and Capitalism: How Overcoming Our Fear of Markets and Economics Can Improve America's Schools”, page X)
CAPITALISM HARMS THE ENVIRONMENT Today most of us are environmentalists, so the environmental effects AND natural resources or lower the alarming mortality and morbidity rates of their people.
12/1/13
1NC v LS
Tournament: U of M | Round: 5 | Opponent: edina ls | Judge: wodarz First off A. Interpretation – economic engagement requires expanding bilateral economic relations between two governments Kahler, 6 - Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, University of California, San Diego (M., “Strategic Uses of Economic Interdependence: Engagement Policies on the Korean Peninsula and Across the Taiwan Strait” in Journal of Peace Research (2006), 43:5, p. 523-541, Sage Publications)
Economic engagement - a policy of deliberately expanding economic ties with an adversary in order AND great power politics and that it may be more widespread than previously recognized.
The plan has to be government-to-government – not private economic engagement Daga, 13 - director of research at Politicas Publicas para la Libertad, in Bolivia, and a visiting senior policy analyst at the Heritage Foundation (Sergio, “Economics of the 2013-2014 Debate Topic: U.S. Economic Engagement Toward Cuba, Mexico or Venezuela”, National Center for Policy Analysis, 5/15, http://www.ncpa.org/pdfs/Message_to_Debaters_6-7-13.pdf)
Economic engagement between or among countries can take many forms, but this document will AND some issues are more important with respect to some countries than to others.
Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs are the possessive pronouns used to substitute a noun and to show possession or ownership.EG. This is your disk and that's mine. (Mine substitutes the word disk and shows that it belongs to me.)
Second off The plan locks in a neoliberal approach to energy and social relations---fossil fuel incentives create an unsustainable market model that causes social and ecological crisis Tim Di Muzio 12, Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Centre of Excellence in Global Governance Research, University of Helsinki, 2012, “The crisis of petro-market civilization: the past as prologue?,” in Global Crises and the Crisis of Global Leadership, ed. Gill, p. 83-85 Current trends, then, are patently unsustainable. However, the scale of the AND -carbon-dependent social order within a timeframe that avoids serious crises? Capitalism drives unsustainable growth which inevitably causes extinction, a transition is inevitable, sooner is better Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND
or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon. Latin America is key to the anti-capital resistance - we should resist attempts at triage like the affirmative Dr. Ronn Pineo, Senior Research Fellow at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, and Professor and Chair of the Department of History at Towson University – Posted on April 11, 2013 - See more at: http://www.coha.org/22227/#sthash.L5CsywQs.dpuf
Poverty in Latin America has been reduced substantially in the last three decades. In AND age of neoliberalism is ending. It is time for some good economics. The alternative is to vote negative to abandon the capitalist structures the Aff supports – it’s the only way out James Herod, 2004, “Getting Free”, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.
China Interdependence checks Perry and Scowcroft, 9 – *Professor at Stanford University, Resident Trustee of the Forum for International Policy (William and Brent, 2009, “US Nuclear Weapons Policy,” Council on Foreign Relations)
Economic interdependence provides an incentive to avoid militaryconflictand nuclear confrontation. Although the United States AND Beijing-Washington relationship points toward potentially promising dialogues on larger strategic issues.
In any case, even without binding regional constraints and collective action problem, China AND life cycle and the United States is not yet faced with precipitous decommissioning. China won’t go to war over Taiwan John F. COPPER- Prof International Studies @ Rhodes College, 6 August 2010, THE CHINA-TAIWAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT: POLITICS, NOT JUST ECONOMICS, EAI Background Brief No. 548 , http://www.eai.nus.edu.sg/BB548.pdf
Along with relations with the United States, China’s foreign policy makers have long given AND ECFA would be “strictly an economic agreement, not a political one.”
heg 1NC – Decline
Decline is inevitable – economic factors and other powers Layne 1/27/12 – professor and Robert M. Gates Chair in National Security at Texas A and M’s George H. W. Bush School of Government and Public Service (Christopher, “The (Almost) Triumph of Offshore Balancing”, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/almost-triumph-offshore-balancing-6405)
Although cloaked in the reassuring boilerplate about American military preeminence and global leadership, in AND during the next two decades will be its own decline and China’s rise.
1NC – Multipolarity
Multipolarity makes war unthinkable – no possibility for transition wars – their authors agree Schweller 10 – Professor of Political Science at Ohio State University (Randall, “Entropy and the trajectory of world politics: why polarity has become less meaningful,” Cambridge Review of International Affairs, Volume 23, Number 1, March 2010)
Though rarely mentioned, system equilibrium can emerge without balancing or power-seeking behaviour AND beliefs about how the world works among the leading states (Jervis 2005).
1NC – China
Heg is dead and we have killed it – trying to postpone the collapse fails and causes conflict with China Layne 12 – not a fan of heg (Christopher, “This Time It’s Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana”, International Studies Quarterly (2012), 1–11)
What effect will China’s rise—and unipolarity’s concomitant end—and the United States’ AND and Southeast) Asia, Washington and Beijing are on a collision course.
That escalates and causes extinction – it’s highly probable Wittner 11 – Emeritus Professor of History at the State University of New York/Albany (Lawrence, “COMMENTARY: Is a Nuclear War with China Possible?”, http://www.huntingtonnews.net/14446)
While nuclear weapons exist, there remains a danger that they will be used. AND modernizing” its nuclear weapons and nuclear production facilities over the next decade.
1NC – Prolif
Heg causes prolif – leads to nuclear war Monteiro 12 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale (Nuno, “Unrest Assured: Why Unipolarity Is Not Peaceful”, International Security, Vol. 36, No. 3 (Winter 2011/12), pp. 9–40)
To deter an eventual attack by the unipole and bolster their chances of survival in AND Therefore, even when the unipole is engaged, war remains a possibility.
1NC – Conflict
Even if heg solves in the abstract – Obama won’t exert leadership to solve conflict Huelett 11 (Sue, Richard P. and Sophia D. Henke Distinguished Professor of Political Science and chair of the Political Science Department at Knox College, 2011, “Sue Hulett: Has Obama abandoned global leadership?”,http://www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x1638741805/Sue-Hulett-Has-Obama-abandoned-global-leadership, MH)
After the Libyans liberated themselves last week in a five-month struggle against Qaddafi’s AND from-behind can dispel the emerging image of American weakness of will.
11/27/13
1NC v NW KG
Tournament: Caucus | Round: 2 | Opponent: Niles West KG | Judge: klemme 1 Food aid reform is key to solving for hunger and poverty, but reform makes it vulnerable to cuts Stuteville 5-30-13 (Sarah Stuteville, writer for The Seattle Times, “U.S.-international-food aid now faces its own conflict” http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2021091028_sarahstoryxml.html 5-30-13) I’ve seen U.S. food aid at work in many of the countries AND cash-based system there’s going to be no one arguing for it.” USAID budget is tight – new spending forces tradeoffs with food aid Shah 4-24-13 (Rajiv Shah, Administrator of USAID, “USAID's Shah at Senate Hearing on FY 2014 Budget Priorities” http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/texttrans/2013/04/20130425146392.html#axzz2aMymqXy1 4-24-13) The FY 2014 request for USAID managed or partially managed accounts is $20. AND for development that continues to define the way we work around the world. Food aid is essential to food security Ninno, Dorosh, and Subbarao 05 (Carlo del Ninno, Senior Economist at The World Bank; Paul A. Dorosh, Division Director of the Development Strategy and Governance Division of the International Food Policy Research Institute; and Kalanidhi Subbarao, lead economist responsible for social protection issues in the Africa Region of the World Bank, “Food Aid and Food Security¶ in the Short and Long Run:¶ Country Experience from¶ Asia and sub-Saharan Africa” http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/sites/default/files/files/Have20your20say/Food_aid_in_Africa_and_Asia.pdf November 2005) Maintaining food security at the national and household level is a major priority for most AND deficits”, is often a major component of these food security ¶ strategies. Food insecurity causes state collapse and interstate conflicts Brinkman and Hendrix 11 (Henk-Jan Brinkman, Chief, Policy, Planning and Application in the Peace building Support Of ice of the¶ United Nations; and Cullen S. Hendrix, Assistant Professor, The College of William and Mary, and Fellow, “Food Insecurity and Violent Conflict: Causes,¶ Consequences, and Addressing the Challenges” http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/newsroom/wfp238358.pdf July 2011 Among major development organizations, the¶ unchallenged consensus is that war and conflict are AND higher food prices and food¶ insecurity, contributing to a vicious cycle. State collapse is the only existential risk O’Hanlon 06 (Michael O’Hanlon, senior fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution, “Dealing with the Collapse of a Nuclear-Armed State” http://www.princeton.edu/~ppns/papers/ohanlon.pdf 9-27-06) Few dangers in the 21st century could compete with the altogether too plausible scenario in AND nuclear weapons by a terrorist group in the anarchical ¶ environment that ensued.
2 The Aff impact claims are part of the Socratic Will to Order. Their attempt to order the world and resolve suffering creates an idealized “Real World” we seek to achieve, ignoring that these are fundamental aspects of life – this inevitable failure creates resentment towards life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 3-6, umn-rks
According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of ideas AND affirms and sanctions solely from the point of view of its interpretation.’
Their framework of controlling the world prevents us from enjoying life – danger is inevitable James Der Derian, Watson Institute research professor of international studies and professor of political science at Brown University, 1998, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, On Security, CIAO, umn-rks
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations of security through a genealogy of modes of AND the strange, new and hitherto unexperienced: the most habitual explanations. 38
Our alternative is an affirmation of eternal recurrence and amor fati—this is the only way to overcome ressentiment and transform our relationship with power NEWMAN 0 (SAUL, SENIOR LECTURER IN POLITICS @ U OF LONDON, “ANARCHISM AND THE POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT,” THEORY and EVENT - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 3, MUSE, AD: 7/8/09) JL Rather than having an external enemy -- like the State -- in opposition to which AND at minimizing the possibilities of domination, and increasing the possibilities for freedom.
3 Capitalism drives unsustainable growth which inevitably causes extinction, a transition is inevitable, sooner is better Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND
or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon. The alternative is to vote negative to abandon the capitalist structures the Aff supports – it’s the only way out James Herod, 2004, “Getting Free”, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.
4
A. Interpretation- “its” means only United States federal government direct engagement—not the facilitation of private engagement
ATandT also argues that Merger Commitment 7.4 only permits extension of AND agreement with ATandT (or whether such agreement has been extended).
Warming Subpoint A is defense – there is no impact to biodiversity loss
FIRST, it’s inevitable – no moral reason to protect species
Nassim Nicholas Taleb, Distinguished Professor of Risk Engineering at Polytechnic Institute of New York University, and Distinguished Research Scholar, Said Business School, Oxford University, THE BLACK SWAN: THE IMPACT OF THE HIGHLY IMPROBABLE, 2007, p108-109
The stability of species. Take the number of species that we now consider extinct AND environment. There is no need to feel moral responsibility for every endangered species
SECOND, it will be slow and without impact
Julian Simon, Professor of Business Administration at the University of Maryland, 2/16/98, “Are Humans Causing Species Holocaust?”, The Ultimate Resource II: People, Materials, and Environment, http://www.juliansimon.com/writings/Ultimate_Resource/TCHAR31.txt, umn-rks
Starting in the early 1980s I published the above critical analysis of the standard extinction AND to a stop. Extinctions are necessary to retain life on this planet.
?
heg FIRST, Uniqueness – decline is inevitable – new powers, economic, military and political constraints
Christopher Layne, professor, and Robert M. Gates Chair in Intelligence and National Security at the George Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas AandM University, Summer 2009, “The Waning of U.S. Hegemony—Myth or Reality?”, International Security, Volume 34, Number 1, Project Muse, umn-rks
For an overview of trends that could affect international politics over the next two decades AND options—than it has been accustomed to having since 1945 (ibid.).
SECOND, Defense
a. Can’t block new powers
Layne (Professor of Political Science at Texas AandM) ‘06 Christopher, The Peace of Illusions: American Grand Strategy from 1940 to Present, Cornell University Press (Ithica), p. 176-177
A second contention advanced by proponents of American hegemony is that the United States cannot AND to disguise ulterior motives for U.S. military intervention in Eurasia. to risk being involved in such a conflict for economic reasons (and, probably, for any reason).
b. Maintaining heg creates their scenarios
Layne (Professor of Political Science, Likely a Genius) ‘06 Christopher, “The Unipolar Illusion Revisited”, International Security, Vol. 31, No. 2, p. asp
The United States enjoys no privileged exemption from the fate of past hegemons. American AND systems. Unilateral offshore balancing, indeed, is America's next grand strategy.
A. Interpretation- Engagement towards a government must be conditional Haass and O’Sullivan, 2k - *Vice President and Director of Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution AND a Fellow with the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution (Richard and Meghan, “Terms of Engagement: Alternatives to Punitive Policies” Survival vol. 42, no. 2, Summer 2000, http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/articles/2000/6/summer20haass/2000survival.pdf
Many different types of engagement strategies exist, depending on who is engaged, the AND private sector in the hopes of promoting forces that will eventually facilitate cooperation.
2
The aff fails to answer the right question – poverty can only be fixed after reducing the inequalities stemming from capitalism – this holds true in every society Navarro,M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Public Policy, Sociology, and Policy Studies at Johns Hopkins University, 2007 (Vicente, “NEOLIBERALISM AS A CLASS IDEOLOGY; OR, THE POLITICAL CAUSES OF THE GROWTH OF INEQUALITIES,” International Journal of Health Services, Vol. 37.1, pp 60)SG This enormously important scientific finding, which builds upon previous scholarly work, has many AND first is far below the median; the second is above the median.
They try to make Mexico agriculture competitive with the United States-- The focus on competitiveness is founded on the geo-political aspects of capitalism Luke 97 Department of Political Science at Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Timothy W., The (Un)Wise (Ab)Use of Nature: Environmentalism as Globalized Consumerism? http://www.cddc.vt.edu/tim/tims/Tim528.PDF
Discourses of "geo-economics," as they have been expounded more recently by AND life tied to using increased levels of natural resources to accelerate economic growth.
Capitalism drives unsustainable growth which inevitably causes extinction, a transition is inevitable, sooner is better Glen Barry, Ph.D. in "Land Resources" from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Masters of Science in "Conservation Biology and Sustainable Development", 1/14/08, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, Counter Currents, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm, umn-rks
Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy AND
or our total collapse can be a final, fatal death swoon. The alternative is to vote negative to abandon the capitalist structures the Aff supports – it’s the only way out James Herod, 2004, “Getting Free”, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.
3 The Aff impact claims are part of the Socratic Will to Order. Their attempt to order the world and resolve suffering creates an idealized “Real World” we seek to achieve, ignoring that these are fundamental aspects of life – this inevitable failure creates resentment towards life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 3-6, umn-rks
According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of ideas AND affirms and sanctions solely from the point of view of its interpretation.’
Their framework of controlling the world prevents us from enjoying life – danger is inevitable James Der Derian, Watson Institute research professor of international studies and professor of political science at Brown University, 1998, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, On Security, CIAO, umn-rks
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations of security through a genealogy of modes of AND the strange, new and hitherto unexperienced: the most habitual explanations. 38
Our alternative is an affirmation of eternal recurrence and amor fati—this is the only way to overcome ressentiment and transform our relationship with power NEWMAN 0 (SAUL, SENIOR LECTURER IN POLITICS @ U OF LONDON, “ANARCHISM AND THE POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT,” THEORY and EVENT - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 3, MUSE, AD: 7/8/09) JL Rather than having an external enemy -- like the State -- in opposition to which AND at minimizing the possibilities of domination, and increasing the possibilities for freedom. 4
DA Food aid reform is key to solving for hunger and poverty, but reform makes it vulnerable to cuts Stuteville 5-30-13 (Sarah Stuteville, writer for The Seattle Times, “U.S.-international-food aid now faces its own conflict” http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2021091028_sarahstoryxml.html 5-30-13) I’ve seen U.S. food aid at work in many of the countries AND cash-based system there’s going to be no one arguing for it.” USAID budget is tight – new spending forces tradeoffs with food aid Shah 4-24-13 (Rajiv Shah, Administrator of USAID, “USAID's Shah at Senate Hearing on FY 2014 Budget Priorities” http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/texttrans/2013/04/20130425146392.html#axzz2aMymqXy1 4-24-13) The FY 2014 request for USAID managed or partially managed accounts is $20. AND for development that continues to define the way we work around the world. Food aid is essential to food security Ninno, Dorosh, and Subbarao 05 (Carlo del Ninno, Senior Economist at The World Bank; Paul A. Dorosh, Division Director of the Development Strategy and Governance Division of the International Food Policy Research Institute; and Kalanidhi Subbarao, lead economist responsible for social protection issues in the Africa Region of the World Bank, “Food Aid and Food Security¶ in the Short and Long Run:¶ Country Experience from¶ Asia and sub-Saharan Africa” http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/sites/default/files/files/Have20your20say/Food_aid_in_Africa_and_Asia.pdf November 2005) Maintaining food security at the national and household level is a major priority for most AND deficits”, is often a major component of these food security ¶ strategies. Food insecurity causes state collapse and interstate conflicts Brinkman and Hendrix 11 (Henk-Jan Brinkman, Chief, Policy, Planning and Application in the Peace building Support Of ice of the¶ United Nations; and Cullen S. Hendrix, Assistant Professor, The College of William and Mary, and Fellow, “Food Insecurity and Violent Conflict: Causes,¶ Consequences, and Addressing the Challenges” http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/newsroom/wfp238358.pdf July 2011 Among major development organizations, the¶ unchallenged consensus is that war and conflict are AND higher food prices and food¶ insecurity, contributing to a vicious cycle. State collapse is the only existential risk O’Hanlon 06 (Michael O’Hanlon, senior fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution, “Dealing with the Collapse of a Nuclear-Armed State” http://www.princeton.edu/~ppns/papers/ohanlon.pdf 9-27-06) Few dangers in the 21st century could compete with the altogether too plausible scenario in AND nuclear weapons by a terrorist group in the anarchical ¶ environment that ensued.
Case
Relations No Latin America war or escalation Cardenas, Brookings Senior Fellow, 3-17, 2011, (Mauricio, "Think Again: Latin America", Foreign Policy, PAS) www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/03/17/think_again_latin_america
Although some fear the Mexican drug violence could spill over into the southern United States AND tactic which contributed in large part to the organization's loss of popular support.
Health Status Quo solves Poverty – Benefit programs in mexico and Brazil significantly reduced poverty and are modeled globally – peer reviewed Rosenberg 11 – (Tina, columnist for the New York Times “To Beat Back Poverty, Pay the Poor” 1/3/11 http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/03/to-beat-back-poverty-pay-the-poor/?_r=0) DF The program, called Bolsa Familia (Family Grant) in Brazil, goes by AND schooling levels. Indigenous Mexicans have particularly benefited, staying in school longer. The Mexican economy is resilient – reforms, diversification, low inflation are boosting growth Jones and Guthrie 5-8-13 (Kristin and Amy, staff writers and analysts @ the Wall Street Journal “Update: Fitch lifts Mexico Rating on Economy, Reforms”, Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20130508-718436.html)
Fitch Ratings upgraded Mexico by a notch Wednesday, citing the country's strong economic fundamentals AND persistently underperforming economy and destabilizing debt dynamics would be negative, Fitch said.
Mexico’s economy is resilient – corruption undermines growth however The Heritage Foundation 13 (think-tank and research organization aimed at conservative policies, 2013 Index of Economic Freedom: Mexico; http://www.heritage.org/index/country/mexico)
Mexico’s economic freedom score is 67.0, making its economy the 50th freest AND agenda addressing these shortcomings has been extensive, but progress has been marginal.
Their assumption that Cuba needs America to stop abuse romanticizes capitalist life Lambie, 10 – Ph.D., joint-editor of the International Journal of Cuban Studies, and Lecturer in Public Policy at De Montfort University (George Lambie, “The Cuban Revolution in the 21st Century”, Pluto Press, pg. 202-205)eek
It cannot be denied that Cuba’s massive economic contraction, after the collapse of the AND previous generation, and its certainty in the historical destiny of the Revolution.
Attempts at global humanitarianism devolve into the service of globalism and capital – their project upholds an illegitimate system Moody, 01 Director of a monthly magazine (Kim, “Closing the Door on U.S. Imperialism and Capitalist Globalization” New Politics, Winter 2001 Vol. VIII, Iss. 2; pg. 96 Proquest SW)
GIVEN THE "PRIMACY" OF THE U.S. in the hierarchy of AND U.S. government-based "solutions" to problems abroad.
Capitalism commodifies all existence- it’s try or die to escape capitalism Dillon 99 (Michael Dillon, University of Lancaster, “Another Justice” Political Theory Vol. 27, No. 2, Aprill 1999, JSTOR)
Otherness is born(e) within the self as an integral part of itself AND , is integral to the lack constitutive of the human way of being.
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely, AND . Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.
And, only we talk about a world after the embargo is gone, that’s where we get some of our links—none of their evidence makes claim that we should lift the embargo or talks about how lifting the embargo would solve for the harms on the imperialism advantage—this is a reason you prefer our evidence and analysis
“Increased,” as used in West’s Ann Cal Const art 12, 11, AND a meaning would be to inject into the provision the word “create.”
3 The Aff impact claims are part of the Socratic Will to Order. Their attempt to order the world and resolve suffering creates an idealized “Real World” we seek to achieve, ignoring that these are fundamental aspects of life – this inevitable failure creates resentment towards life Paul Saurette, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins University, 1996, “I mistrust all Systematizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory”, Millenium Journal of International Studies, p. 3-6, umn-rks
According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of ideas AND affirms and sanctions solely from the point of view of its interpretation.’
Their framework of controlling the world prevents us from enjoying life – danger is inevitable James Der Derian, Watson Institute research professor of international studies and professor of political science at Brown University, 1998, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, On Security, CIAO, umn-rks
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations of security through a genealogy of modes of AND the strange, new and hitherto unexperienced: the most habitual explanations. 38
Our alternative is an affirmation of eternal recurrence and amor fati—this is the only way to overcome ressentiment and transform our relationship with power NEWMAN 0 (SAUL, SENIOR LECTURER IN POLITICS @ U OF LONDON, “ANARCHISM AND THE POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT,” THEORY and EVENT - VOLUME 4, ISSUE 3, MUSE, AD: 7/8/09) JL Rather than having an external enemy -- like the State -- in opposition to which AND at minimizing the possibilities of domination, and increasing the possibilities for freedom.
Imperialism
The Aff employs the imperialist views that they critique– Americans can speak for “them”, but “they” can never be Eurocentric—imposes dominance over the Other El-Affendi, Cambridge University Islamic Studies Professor, 12 (Abdelwahab el-Affendi, October 14, 2012, Economic and Social Research Council, “Narratives of Insecurity, Democratization and the Justification of (Mass) Violence,”http:www.esrc.ac.uk/my-esrc/grants/RES-071-27-0010/outputs/Read/58ab38e7-50c3-4211-805f-a2af2e3cca91, accessed July 7, 2013, EK)
By complaining about the Eurocentrism of the Europeans, as we are doing here, AND . So Eurocentrism is built in even in the critical narratives deploring it.
HR If the ballot is about their speech act, then they don’t solve. The way their harms card on human rights justifies the advantage is through U.S. citizens not having the right to movement and family—that’s Hirandez from the 1AC, that just re-enforces the imperialism that their other advantage critiques Lifting the sanctions will only benefit the government Michael Rubin, "The Mockery of Cuba Sanctions Exceptions," COMMENTARY, 11--27--12, www.commentarymagazine.com/2012/11/27/the-mockery-of-cuba-sanctions-exceptions/. Now, the wisdom of Cuba sanctions is another issue. I support the sanctions AND an aging and decrepit dictatorship risks snatching defeat from the jaws of victory.
Lifting the embargo will not ease poverty—is caused by the regime
Mitchell Bustillo, “Time to Strengthen the Cuban Embargo,” INTERNATIONAL POLICY DIGEST, 5—9—13, www.internationalpolicydigest.org/2013/05/09/time-to-strengthen-the-cuban-embargo/. These remittances are sent by Americans to help their Cuban families, not support the AND the Cuban people cannot be blamed on the United States or the embargo.
