Mexico has ENORMOUS untapped renewable energy potential. Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City (Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf)//BB The North American context¶ The North American economic region is experiencing an impact from AND economic and financial incentives for public or private sector¶ development of renewable resources
US President Barack Obama has proposed closer collaboration between the US and Mexico on renewable AND to travel to Costa Rica later Friday to meet with President Laura Chinchilla. Still doesn’t solve the aff – no framework for renewables— plan investment key Cichon 2012, ( Meg Cichon Associate Editor, RenewableEnergyWorld.com , "Clear Horizon for Mexican Solar" December 14, 2012 http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/12/clear-horizon-for-mexican-solar, AKP)
Congestion in the ERCOT region reached a record high in 2008 when system inefficiency reached AND a yet-to-be-utilized connection are harder to determine.
Scenario 1 Is Energy Diplomacy Investment in Mexico’s renewable energy boosts our energy diplomacy Johnson et al 2/08 (Stephen Johnson is a senior fellow with the CSIS Americas Program, and Johanna Mendelson Forman is a senior associate and program director. Michael Graybeal is the program coordinator.)(2/08/13, "Recommendations for a New Administration: Give Hemispheric Energy Policy a Strategic Vision" pdf)(PLeon)
One important change during the first Obama term was a greater recognition that energy security AND all tools of government dealing with energy diplomacy, investment, and trade.
How Energy Drives the World All of these disputes have one thing in common: the conviction of ruling elites around the world that the possession of energy assets — especially oil and gas deposits — is essential to prop up national wealth, power, and prestige. This is hardly a new phenomenon. Early in the last century, Winston Churchill AND In other words, we’re now on a planet heading into energy overdrive.
DOD TRANSITION
New renewables would use microgrids— causes military adoption and solves blackouts
By Melissa C. Lott, Dawn Santoianni December 18, 2012 — Lott is an engineer and researcher who works at the intersection of energy, environment, technology, and policy, Dawn is is a combustion engineer who has worked on energy and environmental issues for 20 years. She has conducted air pollution research as a contractor for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and testified before a Congressional subcommittee on a proposed environmental regulation. Dawn currently works as technical writing consultant through her company, Tau Technical Communications LLC ("Guest Post: Are Microgrids the Key to Energy Security?"http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/plugged-in/2012/12/18/guest-post-are-microgrids-the-key-to-energy-security///AKP)
"Energy independence" is a concept that has become part of the political lexicon AND .40 billion, a nearly three-fold increase from 2012 investments.¶
DOD transition is key to improve electric grid vulnerability
Castillo and Deason ’11 (Ariel S. Castillo, PhD, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC. Jonathan P. Deason, lead professor, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC.)(September 2011, "Determination of Solar Energy Transition Potential of Department of Defense Facilities and Nontactical Vehicles: An Application of Multicriteria Decision Theory Modeling and Simulation Approaches," solar.gwu.edu/Research/CastilloDeason_DODSolarPotential_EnvironmentalPractice_Sept2011.pdf)
Congressional Research Service report RS21985 in 2005 identified government actions needed to protect the fragile AND meet the electric grid vulnerability challenges facing the DoD and promote energy security.
Scenario 2 is blackouts
Squo efforts corrupt grid expansions— reforming the grid solves blackout and overstretch
WASHINGTON — It’s a nightmarish scenario - a days-long blackout at a nuclear power plant leading to a radioactive leak AND U.S. reactors are designed to cope with a station blackout lasting eight hours, while 93 are designed for four-hour blackouts.
Impact is on par with nuclear warfare – fallout will be massive and global
Drell, 9 Professor emeritus of theoretical physics at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University, senior fellow at the Hoover Institution, and a member of the President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board and Science Advisory Committee, 12 (THE NUCLEAR ENTERPRISE High-Consequence Accidents: How to Enhance Safety and Minimize Risks in Nuclear Weapons and Reactors, pg. 1-3)
We live in dangerous times for many reasons. Prominent among them is the existence AND the public by providing information on how to respond to such an event.
Scenario 3 is hegemony
We’ll isolate 3 internals First – plan improves operational readiness Zhao et al 2013- (Zhao, Ying; Brutzman, Don; MacKinnon AND LM-13-C10P05R03-061.pdf?sequence=1)
Studies evaluating the DoD’s energy use have been conducted by the Institute for Defense Analyses AND . The overall goal is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels from overseas.
And it makes bases more resilient Castillo and Deason ’11 (Ariel S. Castillo, PhD, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC. Jonathan P. Deason, lead professor, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC.)(September 2011, "Determination of Solar Energy Transition Potential of Department of Defense Facilities and Nontactical Vehicles: An Application of Multicriteria Decision Theory Modeling and Simulation Approaches," solar.gwu.edu/Research/CastilloDeason_DODSolarPotential_EnvironmentalPractice_Sept2011.pdf)
Solar energy technologies could offer a more robust energy solution when coupled with current generator technologies to provide continuity of operations for the DoD. Solar energy technologies could provide distributed energy during clear-day operations, adding to the resiliency of the base and enabling improved continuity of operations. In addition, solar energy technologies coupled with electric or hybrid vehicles could provide an opportunity to store energy for nighttime operations.
Third – renewables make DoD operations more cost effective Parthemore and Nagl 10 (Christine Parthemore is a Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. John Nagl is President of the Center for a New American Security.) ( "Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era" Center for a New American Security(CNAS) is located in Washington, and was established in February 2007 by co-founders Kurt M. Campbell and Michèle A. Flournoy. CNAS is a 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofit organization. Its research is independent and non-partisan. CNAS does not take institutional positions on policy issues. September 2010 http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling20the20Future20Force_NaglParthemore.pdf-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling the Future Force_NaglParthemore.pdf)
The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) must prepare now to AND armed services to accomplish their missions in the years and decades to come.
Collapse of heg causes great power conflicts- no alternatives can solve Brooks et al 13 ~Stephen G. Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College.G. John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is also a Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University.William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College. "Don’t Come Home, America: The Case against Retrenchment", Winter 2013, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pages 7-51, http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107-http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107~~
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far AND that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85 First, Heg solves Pakistan instability Brzezinski 12 (Zbigniew, US National Security Advisor to Jimmy Carter, Professor of American Foreign Policy at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, scholar at CSIS, Jan/Feb 2012, "8 Geopolitically Endangered Species," www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/01/03/8_geopolitically_endangered_species?page=0,7 SL)
7. PAKISTAN Although Islamabad is armed with 21st-century nuclear weapons and held AND Asia, with violence potentially spreading to China, India, and Russia.
Fundamentalism is deeply rooted in Pakistan society. The fact that in the year following AND in a new Cold War with China and Russia pitted against the US.
Indo Pac War leads to Extinction Fai 2001 (Ghulam Nabi, 7/8/2001. Kashmiri American Council. Washington Times, Lexis.)
The foreign policy of the United States in South Asia should move from the lackadaisical AND an inclination to ratify an impending Fissile Material/Cut-off Convention. Even anti-hegemonic authors agree that the US won’t change their global strategy Mearsheimer 11 John J. Mearsheimer, the "R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago" Jan/Feb 2011 "Imperial By Design" http://mearsheimer.uchicago.edu/pdfs/A0059.pdf
The downward spiral the United States has taken was anything but inevitable. Washington has AND would see the United States as a benign hegemon serving their own interests.
Total rejection of u.s. leadership would increase imperialism and colonialism.
Christian REUS-SMIT IR @ Australian Nat’l ’4 American Power and World Order p. 121-123
My preference here is to advocate a forward-leaning, prudential strategy of institutionally AND have transformative potential, even if this is only now being creatively exploited. Solvency
The need for integration of North American ¶ renewable energy markets is real and immediate AND the United States in renewable energy is ¶ surprisingly long and multi-faceted
and it has ¶ been a vital, albeit unheralded, dimension to bilateral relations AND energy sector ¶ holds enormous potential to contribute even more in the future.
In early 2009, President Calderón and President Obama announced plans to strengthen and deepen AND capital to modernize their operations and/or invest further in their sector.
12/22/13
1AC Glenbrooks
Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley MM | Judge: Dus Meyers-Levy Inherency
Mexico has ENORMOUS untapped renewable energy potential. Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City (Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf)//BB The North American context¶ The North American economic region is experiencing an impact from AND economic and financial incentives for public or private sector¶ development of renewable resources
US President Barack Obama has proposed closer collaboration between the US and Mexico on renewable AND to travel to Costa Rica later Friday to meet with President Laura Chinchilla. Still doesn’t solve the aff – no framework for renewables— plan investment key Cichon 2012, ( Meg Cichon Associate Editor, RenewableEnergyWorld.com , "Clear Horizon for Mexican Solar" December 14, 2012 http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/12/clear-horizon-for-mexican-solar, AKP)
New Hampshire, USA — Northern Mexico is considered to have the world’s third greatest AND down for solar – that is going to be a big incentive.’
Plan Text: The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement toward the government of Mexico in the area of renewable energy.
With the world’s energy supplies finite, the US heavily dependent on imports, and AND , or at least a big part of it, would have survived.
Scenario 2 Is Energy Diplomacy Investment in Mexico’s renewable energy boosts our energy diplomacy Johnson et al 2/08 (Stephen Johnson is a senior fellow with the CSIS Americas Program, and Johanna Mendelson Forman is a senior associate and program director. Michael Graybeal is the program coordinator.)(2/08/13, "Recommendations for a New Administration: Give Hemispheric Energy Policy a Strategic Vision" pdf)(PLeon)
One important change during the first Obama term was a greater recognition that energy security AND all tools of government dealing with energy diplomacy, investment, and trade.
Daniel Rice takes taxis down long desert roads in Afghanistan’s combat zones to make sales AND will not only transform the U.S. military, but all militaries We’ll isolate 2 internals First – plan improves operational readiness Zhao et al 2013- (Zhao, Ying; Brutzman, Don; MacKinnon AND LM-13-C10P05R03-061.pdf?sequence=1)
Studies evaluating the DoD’s energy use have been conducted by the Institute for Defense Analyses AND . The overall goal is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels from overseas.
And it makes it more resilient Castillo and Deason ’11 (Ariel S. Castillo, PhD, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC. Jonathan P. Deason, lead professor, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC.)(September 2011, "Determination of Solar Energy Transition Potential of Department of Defense Facilities and Nontactical Vehicles: An Application of Multicriteria Decision Theory Modeling and Simulation Approaches," solar.gwu.edu/Research/CastilloDeason_DODSolarPotential_EnvironmentalPractice_Sept2011.pdf)
Solar energy technologies could offer a more robust energy solution when coupled with current generator technologies to provide continuity of operations for the DoD. Solar energy technologies could provide distributed energy during clear-day operations, adding to the resiliency of the base and enabling improved continuity of operations. In addition, solar energy technologies coupled with electric or hybrid vehicles could provide an opportunity to store energy for nighttime operations.
Second – renewables make DoD operations more cost effective Parthemore and Nagl 10 (Christine Parthemore is a Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. John Nagl is President of the Center for a New American Security.) ( "Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era" Center for a New American Security(CNAS) is located in Washington, and was established in February 2007 by co-founders Kurt M. Campbell and Michèle A. Flournoy. CNAS is a 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofit organization. Its research is independent and non-partisan. CNAS does not take institutional positions on policy issues. September 2010 http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling20the20Future20Force_NaglParthemore.pdf-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling the Future Force_NaglParthemore.pdf)
The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) must prepare now to AND armed services to accomplish their missions in the years and decades to come.
Collapse of heg causes great power conflicts- no alternatives can solve Brooks et al 13 ~Stephen G. Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College.G. John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is also a Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University.William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College. "Don’t Come Home, America: The Case against Retrenchment", Winter 2013, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pages 7-51, http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107-http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107~~
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far AND that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85 Scenario 1 is Indo-Pak war Heg solves Pakistan instability Brzezinski 12 (Zbigniew, US National Security Advisor to Jimmy Carter, Professor of American Foreign Policy at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, scholar at CSIS, Jan/Feb 2012, "8 Geopolitically Endangered Species," www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/01/03/8_geopolitically_endangered_species?page=0,7 SL)
7. PAKISTAN Although Islamabad is armed with 21st-century nuclear weapons and held AND Asia, with violence potentially spreading to China, India, and Russia.
Fundamentalism is deeply rooted in Pakistan society. The fact that in the year following AND in a new Cold War with China and Russia pitted against the US.
Indo Pac War leads to Extinction Fai 2001 (Ghulam Nabi, 7/8/2001. Kashmiri American Council. Washington Times, Lexis.)
The foreign policy of the United States in South Asia should move from the lackadaisical AND an inclination to ratify an impending Fissile Material/Cut-off Convention. Even anti-hegemonic authors agree that the US won’t change their global strategy Mearsheimer 11 John J. Mearsheimer, the "R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago" Jan/Feb 2011 "Imperial By Design" http://mearsheimer.uchicago.edu/pdfs/A0059.pdf
The downward spiral the United States has taken was anything but inevitable. Washington has AND would see the United States as a benign hegemon serving their own interests.
Our form of hegemony is ethical Christian REUS-SMIT IR @ Australian Nat’l ’4 American Power and World Order p. 109-115
The final ethical position — the polar opposite of the first — holds that the AND is needed than the simple yet enticing propos¬ition that might is never right. Total rejection of u.s. leadership would increase imperialism and colonialism.
Christian REUS-SMIT IR @ Australian Nat’l ’4 American Power and World Order p. 121-123
My preference here is to advocate a forward-leaning, prudential strategy of institutionally AND have transformative potential, even if this is only now being creatively exploited. Solvency
Renewable energy investment causes adoption of microgrids Joyce Laird 8-1-2013 ——Joyce Laird has an extensive background writing about the electronics industry; semiconductor development, R26D, wafer/foundry/IP and device integration into high density circuit designs—(" Can microgrids provide smooth renewable power integration and backup?" Renewable energy Focus USA, http://www.renewableenergyfocususa.com/view/33768/can-microgrids-provide-smooth-renewable-power-integration-and-backup/ AKP)
¶ Microgrids could provide a way to sustain power during disasters and allow isolated regions AND face a barrage of regula¬tory hurdles before it can even begin."
The need for integration of North American ¶ renewable energy markets is real and immediate AND the United States in renewable energy is ¶ surprisingly long and multi-faceted
and it has ¶ been a vital, albeit unheralded, dimension to bilateral relations AND energy sector ¶ holds enormous potential to contribute even more in the future.
In early 2009, President Calderón and President Obama announced plans to strengthen and deepen AND capital to modernize their operations and/or invest further in their sector.
11/25/13
1AC JV States
Tournament: Illinois JV States | Round: 5 | Opponent: GBN LL | Judge: Nick Locke Inherency
Mexico has ENORMOUS untapped renewable energy potential. Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City (Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf)//BB The North American context¶ The North American economic region is experiencing an impact from AND economic and financial incentives for public or private sector¶ development of renewable resources
US President Barack Obama has proposed closer collaboration between the US and Mexico on renewable AND to travel to Costa Rica later Friday to meet with President Laura Chinchilla. Still doesn’t solve the aff – no framework for renewables— plan investment key Cichon 2012, ( Meg Cichon Associate Editor, RenewableEnergyWorld.com , "Clear Horizon for Mexican Solar" December 14, 2012 http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/12/clear-horizon-for-mexican-solar, AKP)
New Hampshire, USA — Northern Mexico is considered to have the world’s third greatest AND down for solar – that is going to be a big incentive.’ Plan Text: The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement toward the government of Mexico in the area of renewable energy.
Congestion in the ERCOT region reached a record high in 2008 when system inefficiency reached AND a yet-to-be-utilized connection are harder to determine.
First scenario is energy diplomacy
Plan causes transition to renewables- that’s key to PEMEX reform Melgar 2012 (Lourdes Melgar, director of the Center for Sustainability and Business at EGADE Business School of the Tecnológico de Monterrey.)("The Future of PEMEX", Summer 2012, Americas Quarterly, http://www.americasquarterly.org/node/3781)
The time is ripe for a historic transformation of Mexico’s energy sector. The 2008 AND in 2007. PEP is repeatedly the number-one client of Schlumberger.
Specifically- PEMEX reform is key to US energy diplomacy
But the US stands to gain much as well if the centrist PRI plan is AND on the international stage and help further US interests in diplomacy and trade.
Third, Joint Cooperation and development of renewables with Mexico promotes US energy diplomacy
How Energy Drives the World All of these disputes have one thing in common: the conviction of ruling elites around the world that the possession of energy assets — especially oil and gas deposits — is essential to prop up national wealth, power, and prestige. This is hardly a new phenomenon. Early in the last century, Winston Churchill AND 1990-91 and its inevitable sequel, the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The years since World War II have seen a variety of changes in the AND the existing system of collaboration among private and state-owned energy leviathans. But that energy equation is changing ominously as the challenge of fueling the planet grows AND countries lacking adequate domestic reserves (and joy among those with an abundance). The world has long been bifurcated between energy-surplus and energy-deficit states, with the former deriving enormous political and economic advantages from their privileged condition and the latter struggling mightily to escape their subordinate position. Now, that bifurcation is looking more like a chasm. In such a global environment, friction and conflict over oil and gas reserves — leading to energy conflicts of all sorts — is only likely to increase . Looking, again, at April’s six energy disputes, one can see clear AND localized dispute that might undermine its claim to sovereignty over the entire region. Egypt, although not a major energy producer, clearly seeks to employ its AND resources, even if this means inflaming tensions with Spain and Great Britain. And these are just some of the countries involved in significant disputes over energy AND Caspian Sea and in globally warming, increasingly ice-free Arctic regions. The seeds of energy conflicts and war sprouting in so many places simultaneously suggest that we are entering a new period in which key state actors will be more inclined to employ force — or the threat of force — to gain control over valuable deposits of oil and natural gas. In other words, we’re now on a planet heading into energy overdrive.
Second scenario is Heg
New renewables would use microgrids— causes military adoption and solves blackouts
By Melissa C. Lott, Dawn Santoianni December 18, 2012 — Lott is an engineer and researcher who works at the intersection of energy, environment, technology, and policy, Dawn is is a combustion engineer who has worked on energy and environmental issues for 20 years. She has conducted air pollution research as a contractor for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and testified before a Congressional subcommittee on a proposed environmental regulation. Dawn currently works as technical writing consultant through her company, Tau Technical Communications LLC ("Guest Post: Are Microgrids the Key to Energy Security?"http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/plugged-in/2012/12/18/guest-post-are-microgrids-the-key-to-energy-security///AKP)
"Energy independence" is a concept that has become part of the political lexicon AND .40 billion, a nearly three-fold increase from 2012 investments.¶
We’ll isolate 3 internals First – plan improves operational readiness Zhao et al 2013- (Zhao, Ying; Brutzman, Don; MacKinnon AND LM-13-C10P05R03-061.pdf?sequence=1)
Studies evaluating the DoD’s energy use have been conducted by the Institute for Defense Analyses AND . The overall goal is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels from overseas.
Second – renewables make DoD operations more cost effective Parthemore and Nagl 10 (Christine Parthemore is a Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. John Nagl is President of the Center for a New American Security.) ( "Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era" Center for a New American Security(CNAS) is located in Washington, and was established in February 2007 by co-founders Kurt M. Campbell and Michèle A. Flournoy. CNAS is a 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofit organization. Its research is independent and non-partisan. CNAS does not take institutional positions on policy issues. September 2010 http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling20the20Future20Force_NaglParthemore.pdf-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling the Future Force_NaglParthemore.pdf)
The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) must prepare now to AND armed services to accomplish their missions in the years and decades to come.
And our evidence is reverse causal- oil dependency bogs down our military- only transition to renewables solves. Wald and Captain 09 General Charles F. Wald (USAF Ret) Director and Senior Advisor, Aerospace and Defense Industry, Tom Captain Vice Chairman, Global and U.S. Aerospace and Defense Industry Leader, " Energy Security America’s Best Defense" 2009, http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-UnitedStates/Local20Assets/Documents/AD/us_ad_EnergySecurity052010.pdf-http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-UnitedStates/Local Assets/Documents/AD/us_ad_EnergySecurity052010.pdf, Caplan Energy security and national security are closely interre - lated: threats to the former AND tankers, mine resistant armored vehicles, and net-centric sensing technologies. Collapse of heg causes great power conflicts- no alternatives can solve Brooks et al 13 ~Stephen G. Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College.G. John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is also a Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University.William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College. "Don’t Come Home, America: The Case against Retrenchment", Winter 2013, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pages 7-51, http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107-http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107~~
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far AND that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85 Even anti-hegemonic authors agree that the US won’t change their global strategy Mearsheimer 11 John J. Mearsheimer, the "R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago" Jan/Feb 2011 "Imperial By Design" http://mearsheimer.uchicago.edu/pdfs/A0059.pdf
The downward spiral the United States has taken was anything but inevitable. Washington has AND would see the United States as a benign hegemon serving their own interests.
The Typhoon
China curbing excess capacity— plan reversal solves solar panel prices
BEIJING — China, the world’s biggest maker of solar panels, will limit construction AND every 10 solar panels produced worldwide, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
Chinese Solar Market depends on exports—- internal domestic growth will fail
Bruce Einhorn , March 15, 2012—(Einhorn is Asia regional editor in Bloomberg Businessweek’s Hong Kong bureau. "Focus On Energy Firing Up China’s Solar Market",http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-03-15/firing-up-chinas-solar-market//AKP, 1/23/14 China’s solar panel industry has become the world’s biggest thanks to a simple formula: AND capacity this year, the country’s panel makers are refocusing on domestic sales.¶
Specifically, US investment in Latin American renewables solves chinese solar manufacturing
Brandt, DECEMBER 2012, "Chinese Engagement in Latin America and the Caribbean: Implications for US Foreign Policy", Derek Hottle, Nicole Adams Nav Aujla, Christina Dinh Kirsten Kaufman Devin Kleinfield-Hayes Wanlin Ren, Andrew Tuck, AMERICAN UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL SERVICE,http://www.american.edu/sis/usfp/upload/Chinese-Engagement-in-LAC-AU_US-Congress-FINAL.pdf//AKP, 1/23/14
F. Energy Policies and Quest for Future Energy Security AND an initiative often pursued bilaterally or intra-regionally.¶
That solves 2 scenarios
Chinese alternative energy is the only internal link to solve CCP instability
McMahon 2k13, 1/27/13 (Tamsin, Diploma in European Journalism from the Hogeschool van Utrecht, B.A. from Ryerson University, reporter for the National Post, "How China is going to save the world", MacLean’s, January 27, 2013, http://www2.macleans.ca/2013/01/27/business/, JKahn) Last week the U.S. Embassy in Beijing upgraded its official reading of AND , but for the rest of the world, a breath of fresh air .
COPENHAGEN, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) — China’s rapid transition to a green AND up both short-and-long term economic goals," he said.
====Chinese growth prevents global economic collapse and war over taiwan==== Lewis 8. ~Dan, Research Director – Economic Research Council, "The Nightmare of a Chinese Economic Collapse," World Finance, 5/13, http://www.worldfinance.com/news/home/finalbell/article117.html~~
In 2001, Gordon Chang authored a global bestseller "The Coming Collapse of China AND by going to war with Taiwan – whom America is pledged to defend.
War in Taiwan draws in the US and causes extinction
Hunkovic ’9 ~Lee. Prof Military Studies @ American Military University. "The Chinese-Taiwanese Conflict – Possible Futures of a Confrontation between China, Taiwan, and the United States of America" www.lampmethod.com-http://www.lampmethod.com/**, 2009~ A war between China, Taiwan and the United States has the potential to escalate AND outcome, therefore, other countries will not be considered in this study.
Global economic crisis causes war
Royal 10 Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010, Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises,? in Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215 Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict AND such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views.
The need for integration of North American ¶ renewable energy markets is real and immediate AND the United States in renewable energy is ¶ surprisingly long and multi-faceted
and it has ¶ been a vital, albeit unheralded, dimension to bilateral relations AND energy sector ¶ holds enormous potential to contribute even more in the future.
In early 2009, President Calderón and President Obama announced plans to strengthen and deepen AND capital to modernize their operations and/or invest further in their sector.
3/16/14
1AC Morgan Park
Tournament: Morgan Park | Round: 2 | Opponent: Niles West JD | Judge: Brian Beck Inherency
The North American context¶ The North American economic region is experiencing an impact from AND economic and financial incentives for public or private sector¶ development of renewable resources
US President Barack Obama has proposed closer collaboration between the US and Mexico on renewable AND to travel to Costa Rica later Friday to meet with President Laura Chinchilla. Still doesn’t solve the aff – no framework for renewables— plan investment key Cichon 2012, ( Meg Cichon Associate Editor, RenewableEnergyWorld.com , "Clear Horizon for Mexican Solar" December 14, 2012 http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/12/clear-horizon-for-mexican-solar, AKP)
US engagement with Mexico in the area of renewable energy has been driven by three AND biofuels are therefore vital if Mexico’s true potential is to be fully realized.
With the world’s energy supplies finite, the US heavily dependent on imports, and AND , or at least a big part of it, would have survived.
Scenario 2 Is Energy Diplomacy Investment in Mexico’s renewable energy boosts our energy diplomacy Johnson et al 2/08 (Stephen Johnson is a senior fellow with the CSIS Americas Program, and Johanna Mendelson Forman is a senior associate and program director. Michael Graybeal is the program coordinator.)(2/08/13, "Recommendations for a New Administration: Give Hemispheric Energy Policy a Strategic Vision" pdf)(PLeon)
One important change during the first Obama term was a greater recognition that energy security AND all tools of government dealing with energy diplomacy, investment, and trade.
How Energy Drives the World All of these disputes have one thing in common: the conviction of ruling elites around the world that the possession of energy assets — especially oil and gas deposits — is essential to prop up national wealth, power, and prestige. This is hardly a new phenomenon. Early in the last century, Winston Churchill AND 1990-91 and its inevitable sequel, the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The years since World War II have seen a variety of changes in the AND the existing system of collaboration among private and state-owned energy leviathans. But that energy equation is changing ominously as the challenge of fueling the planet grows AND countries lacking adequate domestic reserves (and joy among those with an abundance). The world has long been bifurcated between energy-surplus and energy-deficit states, with the former deriving enormous political and economic advantages from their privileged condition and the latter struggling mightily to escape their subordinate position. Now, that bifurcation is looking more like a chasm. In such a global environment, friction and conflict over oil and gas reserves — leading to energy conflicts of all sorts — is only likely to increase . Looking, again, at April’s six energy disputes, one can see clear AND localized dispute that might undermine its claim to sovereignty over the entire region. Egypt, although not a major energy producer, clearly seeks to employ its AND resources, even if this means inflaming tensions with Spain and Great Britain. And these are just some of the countries involved in significant disputes over energy AND Caspian Sea and in globally warming, increasingly ice-free Arctic regions. The seeds of energy conflicts and war sprouting in so many places simultaneously suggest that we are entering a new period in which key state actors will be more inclined to employ force — or the threat of force — to gain control over valuable deposits of oil and natural gas. In other words, we’re now on a planet heading into energy overdrive.
Daniel Rice takes taxis down long desert roads in Afghanistan’s combat zones to make sales AND will not only transform the U.S. military, but all militaries We’ll isolate 2 internals First – plan improves operational readiness Zhao et al 2013- (Zhao, Ying; Brutzman, Don; MacKinnon AND LM-13-C10P05R03-061.pdf?sequence=1)
Studies evaluating the DoD’s energy use have been conducted by the Institute for Defense Analyses AND . The overall goal is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels from overseas.
And it makes it more resilient Castillo and Deason ’11 (Ariel S. Castillo, PhD, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC. Jonathan P. Deason, lead professor, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC.)(September 2011, "Determination of Solar Energy Transition Potential of Department of Defense Facilities and Nontactical Vehicles: An Application of Multicriteria Decision Theory Modeling and Simulation Approaches," solar.gwu.edu/Research/CastilloDeason_DODSolarPotential_EnvironmentalPractice_Sept2011.pdf)
Solar energy technologies could offer a more robust energy solution when coupled with current generator technologies to provide continuity of operations for the DoD. Solar energy technologies could provide distributed energy during clear-day operations, adding to the resiliency of the base and enabling improved continuity of operations. In addition, solar energy technologies coupled with electric or hybrid vehicles could provide an opportunity to store energy for nighttime operations.
Second – renewables make DoD operations more cost effective Parthemore and Nagl 10 (Christine Parthemore is a Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. John Nagl is President of the Center for a New American Security.) ( "Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era" Center for a New American Security(CNAS) is located in Washington, and was established in February 2007 by co-founders Kurt M. Campbell and Michèle A. Flournoy. CNAS is a 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofit organization. Its research is independent and non-partisan. CNAS does not take institutional positions on policy issues. September 2010 http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling20the20Future20Force_NaglParthemore.pdf-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling the Future Force_NaglParthemore.pdf)
The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) must prepare now to AND armed services to accomplish their missions in the years and decades to come.
Collapse of heg causes great power conflicts- no alternatives can solve Brooks et al 13 ~Stephen G. Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College.G. John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is also a Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University.William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College. "Don’t Come Home, America: The Case against Retrenchment", Winter 2013, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pages 7-51, http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107-http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107~~
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far AND that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85 Scenario 1 is Indo-Pak war Heg solves Pakistan instability Brzezinski 12 (Zbigniew, US National Security Advisor to Jimmy Carter, Professor of American Foreign Policy at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, scholar at CSIS, Jan/Feb 2012, "8 Geopolitically Endangered Species," www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/01/03/8_geopolitically_endangered_species?page=0,7 SL)
7. PAKISTAN Although Islamabad is armed with 21st-century nuclear weapons and held AND Asia, with violence potentially spreading to China, India, and Russia.
Fundamentalism is deeply rooted in Pakistan society. The fact that in the year following AND in a new Cold War with China and Russia pitted against the US.
Indo Pac War leads to Extinction Fai 2001 (Ghulam Nabi, 7/8/2001. Kashmiri American Council. Washington Times, Lexis.)
The foreign policy of the United States in South Asia should move from the lackadaisical AND an inclination to ratify an impending Fissile Material/Cut-off Convention. Scenario 2 is Prolif Heg collapse causes wild-fire proliferation Stephen Peter Rosen (PhD from Harvard University in 1979 and is currently the Beton Michael Kaneb Professor of National Security and Military Affairs in the Department of Government, Harvard University) Spring 2003 "An Empire, If you Can Keep It," The National Interest, , LN Academic, UK: Fisher Rather than wrestle with such difficult and unpleasant problems, the United States could give AND is not at all clear that the alternatives are that much more attractive. Proliferation risks nuclear conflict—inexperienced nations will be more likely to use their nukes Horowitz 9¬¬—Professor of Political Science at University of Pennsylvania ~Michael Horowitz, "The Spread of Nuclear Weapons and International Conflict: Does Experience Matter?" Journal of Conflict Resolution, Volume 53 Number 2, April 2009 pg. 234-257~
Learning as states gain experience with nuclear weapons is complicated. While to some extent nuclear acquisition might provide information about resolve or capabilities, it also generates uncertainty about the way an actual conflict would go – given the new risk of nuclear escalation – and uncertainty about relative capabilities. Rapid proliferation may especially heighten uncertainty given the potential for reasonable states to disagree at times about the quality of the capabilities each possesses. 3 What follows is an attempt to describe the implications of inexperience and incomplete information on AND their behavior – shifts in uncertainty – on the part of potential adversaries. Learning to Leverage? When a new state acquires nuclear weapons, how does it influence the way the state behaves and how might that change over time? Though nuclear acquisition might be orthogonal to a particular dispute, it might be related to a particular security challenge, might signal revisionist aims with regard to an enduring dispute, or might signal the desire to reinforce the status quo. This section focuses on how acquiring nuclear weapons influences both the new nuclear state and AND weapons will skew decision-making towards more offensive strategies (Sagan 1995). The questions surrounding Pakistan’s nuclear command and control suggest there is no magic bullet when it comes to new nuclear powers making control and delegation decisions (Bowen and Wolvén 1999). Sagan and others focus on inexperience on the part of new nuclear states as a AND by other states (Blair 1993; Feaver 1992; Sagan 1995). 4 Acquiring nuclear weapons could alter state preferences and make them more likely to escalate disputes once they start, given their new capabilities.5 But their general lack of experience at leveraging their nuclear arsenal and effectively communicating nuclear threats could mean new nuclear states will be more likely to select adversaries poorly and find themselves in disputes with resolved adversaries that will reciprocate militarized challenges. The "nuclear experience" logic also suggests that more experienced nuclear states should gain knowledge over time from nuclearized interactions that helps leaders effectively identify the situations in which their nuclear arsenal is likely to make a difference. Experienced nuclear states learn to select into cases where their comparative advantage, nuclear weapons, is more likely to be effective, increasing the probability that an adversary will not reciprocate. Coming from a slightly different perspective, uncertainty about the consequences of proliferation on the AND war, the balance of power, and the preferences of the adopter. Even anti-hegemonic authors agree that the US won’t change their global strategy Mearsheimer 11 John J. Mearsheimer, the "R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago" Jan/Feb 2011 "Imperial By Design" http://mearsheimer.uchicago.edu/pdfs/A0059.pdf
The downward spiral the United States has taken was anything but inevitable. Washington has AND would see the United States as a benign hegemon serving their own interests.
Our form of hegemony is ethical Christian REUS-SMIT IR @ Australian Nat’l ’4 American Power and World Order p. 109-115
The final ethical position — the polar opposite of the first — holds that the AND is needed than the simple yet enticing propos¬ition that might is never right. Total rejection of u.s. leadership would increase imperialism and colonialism.
Christian REUS-SMIT IR @ Australian Nat’l ’4 American Power and World Order p. 121-123
My preference here is to advocate a forward-leaning, prudential strategy of institutionally AND have transformative potential, even if this is only now being creatively exploited.
Solvency
Renewable energy investment causes adoption of microgrids Joyce Laird 8-1-2013 ——Joyce Laird has an extensive background writing about the electronics industry; semiconductor development, R26D, wafer/foundry/IP and device integration into high density circuit designs—(" Can microgrids provide smooth renewable power integration and backup?" Renewable energy Focus USA, http://www.renewableenergyfocususa.com/view/33768/can-microgrids-provide-smooth-renewable-power-integration-and-backup/ AKP)
¶ Microgrids could provide a way to sustain power during disasters and allow isolated regions AND face a barrage of regula¬tory hurdles before it can even begin."
The need for integration of North American ¶ renewable energy markets is real and immediate AND the United States in renewable energy is ¶ surprisingly long and multi-faceted
and it has ¶ been a vital, albeit unheralded, dimension to bilateral relations AND energy sector ¶ holds enormous potential to contribute even more in the future.
In early 2009, President Calderón and President Obama announced plans to strengthen and deepen AND capital to modernize their operations and/or invest further in their sector.
11/9/13
1AC Morgan Park Finals
Tournament: Morgan Park | Round: Finals | Opponent: Niles West KP | Judge: Inherency Mexico has ENORMOUS untapped renewable energy potential. Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City (Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf)//BB The North American context¶ The North American economic region is experiencing an impact from AND economic and financial incentives for public or private sector¶ development of renewable resources
US President Barack Obama has proposed closer collaboration between the US and Mexico on renewable AND to travel to Costa Rica later Friday to meet with President Laura Chinchilla.
Still doesn’t solve the aff – no framework for renewables— plan investment key
New Hampshire, USA — Northern Mexico is considered to have the world’s third greatest AND down for solar – that is going to be a big incentive.’ Plan Text: The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement toward the government of Mexico in the area of renewable energy.
US engagement with Mexico in the area of renewable energy has been driven by three AND biofuels are therefore vital if Mexico’s true potential is to be fully realized.
With the world’s energy supplies finite, the US heavily dependent on imports, and AND , or at least a big part of it, would have survived.
Scenario 2 Is Energy Diplomacy
Investment in Mexico’s renewable energy boosts our energy diplomacy
Johnson et al 2/08 (Stephen Johnson is a senior fellow with the CSIS Americas Program, and Johanna Mendelson Forman is a senior associate and program director. Michael Graybeal is the program coordinator.)(2/08/13, "Recommendations for a New Administration: Give Hemispheric Energy Policy a Strategic Vision" pdf)(PLeon)
One important change during the first Obama term was a greater recognition that energy security AND all tools of government dealing with energy diplomacy, investment, and trade.
How Energy Drives the World All of these disputes have one thing in common AND we’re now on a planet heading into energy overdrive.
Reform
The fossil fuel industry has shut down debate over energy policy. The energy companies control the government line on energy. Alternative views and discourse have been marginalized and silenced.
The hegemonic position of the energy business has a suggestive power that even casts a AND (and often the only) party whose opinion is sought and respected.
Under the veil of economic rationality, the fossil fuel industry has systematically erased renewable energy from becoming a genuine alternative.
In her book Power Play, the Australian social scientist Sharon Beder analysed the practical AND therefore, is pseudo-liberalization as a vehicle for self-interest.
The status quo concentration of power in the hands of energy companies and corrupt government makes authoritarianism inevitable.
Scheer 06’(Hermann Scheer, Member of the German Bundestag for the SPD, President of EUROSOLAR, Energy Autonomy : The Economic, Social and Technological Case for Renewable Energy, London, GBR: Earthscan, 2006. p 283-234, http://site.ebrary.com/lib/northwestern/Doc?id=1016774426ppg=294)BLOV
The central political motive for a renewable energy strategy leading to energy autonomy is the AND ) from which hydrogen could be transported to every region of the globe.
The ultimate conclusion of the fossil fuel dominated market state is the elimination of civic resistance and democratic institutions. Values become impossible to articulate in this world.
Scheer 06’(Hermann Scheer, Member of the German Bundestag for the SPD, President of EUROSOLAR, Energy Autonomy : The Economic, Social and Technological Case for Renewable Energy, London, GBR: Earthscan, 2006. P 285, http://site.ebrary.com/lib/northwestern/Doc?id=1016774426ppg=294)BLOV
Such a development, however, is most probably coterminous with decaying and therefore violence AND on inter-state energy oligarchies, on a transnational ’energy state’.
Renewable energy is fundamental to the preservation of human values. Failure to speak out against the status quo makes you complicit in a system that is killing us all.
"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights." This AND are not only accountable for our actions, but also for our inaction.
Energy is necessary to decrease poverty, cheap food, education, prevents child mortality, and limits disease
Tully 6 – PhD from London School of Economics (Stephen Tully, "The Contribution of Human Rights to Universal Energy Access," Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights, 4.3, Scholar)BLOV
Although providing essential infrastructure services was omitted as an explicit target, access to energy AND to all at an affordable price and on an equitable basis." 7 3
Poverty dehumanizes and kills the poor, more have died from poverty in the last 53 years than all who died in Vietnam Loffredo, 93 - Assistant Professor of Law, City University of New York Law School at Queens College (Stephen, 141 U. Pa. L. Rev. 1277, "POVERTY, DEMOCRACY AND CONSTITUTIONAL LAW," lexis
~*1315~ The statement that the poor "have done very well" AND welfare programs that would result in shared benefits to society at large. n227
Mexico is in a unique position to spread a green and equal economy globally through international institutions
Pellicer 6 (Olga Pellicer Professor @ Centre for Research and Teaching in Economics) ("New Powers for Global Change? Mexico—a Reluctant Middle Power?," FES Briefing Paper, p. 6)BLOV
Mexico’s ability to deal with the problems posed by poverty and inequality will have an AND either strengthen its international image, or maintain it on a minor plane.
Solvency Renewable energy investment causes adoption of microgrids Joyce Laird 8-1-2013 ——Joyce Laird has an extensive background writing about the electronics industry; semiconductor development, R26D, wafer/foundry/IP and device integration into high density circuit designs—(" Can microgrids provide smooth renewable power integration and backup?" Renewable energy Focus USA, http://www.renewableenergyfocususa.com/view/33768/can-microgrids-provide-smooth-renewable-power-integration-and-backup/ AKP)
¶ Microgrids could provide a way to sustain power during disasters and allow isolated regions AND face a barrage of regula¬tory hurdles before it can even begin."
The need for integration of North American ¶ renewable energy markets is real and immediate AND the United States in renewable energy is ¶ surprisingly long and multi-faceted
and it has ¶ been a vital, albeit unheralded, dimension to bilateral relations AND energy sector ¶ holds enormous potential to contribute even more in the future.
US financing and expertise is key Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City (Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf)//BB Over the last 15 years, contributions by United States government agencies to the development AND sector as it is currently¶ comparatively stagnated due to lack of funds.
Plan promotes joint energy co-operation on both sides of the border
In early 2009, President Calderón and President Obama announced plans to strengthen and deepen AND capital to modernize their operations and/or invest further in their sector.
11/11/13
Caucus 1AC
Tournament: Iowa Caucus | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northside ER | Judge: Kevin Bancroft
The North American context¶ The North American economic region is experiencing an impact from AND economic and financial incentives for public or private sector¶ development of renewable resources
US President Barack Obama has proposed closer collaboration between the US and Mexico on renewable AND to travel to Costa Rica later Friday to meet with President Laura Chinchilla.
Still doesn’t solve the aff – no framework for renewables— plan investment key
Throughout the 1970s and into the 1980s a series of congressional legislation was passed, AND Department had not significantly changed its way of doing business concerning energy usage.
Plan
Text: The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement towards the government of Mexico in the area of renewable energy.
Daniel Rice takes taxis down long desert roads in Afghanistan’s combat zones to make sales AND will not only transform the U.S. military, but all militaries We’ll isolate 3 internals First – plan improves operational readiness Zhao et al 2013- (Zhao, Ying; Brutzman, Don; MacKinnon AND LM-13-C10P05R03-061.pdf?sequence=1)
Studies evaluating the DoD’s energy use have been conducted by the Institute for Defense Analyses AND . The overall goal is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels from overseas.
And it makes it more resilient Castillo and Deason ’11 (Ariel S. Castillo, PhD, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC. Jonathan P. Deason, lead professor, Environmental and Energy Management Program, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC.)(September 2011, "Determination of Solar Energy Transition Potential of Department of Defense Facilities and Nontactical Vehicles: An Application of Multicriteria Decision Theory Modeling and Simulation Approaches," solar.gwu.edu/Research/CastilloDeason_DODSolarPotential_EnvironmentalPractice_Sept2011.pdf)
Solar energy technologies could offer a more robust energy solution when coupled with current generator technologies to provide continuity of operations for the DoD. Solar energy technologies could provide distributed energy during clear-day operations, adding to the resiliency of the base and enabling improved continuity of operations. In addition, solar energy technologies coupled with electric or hybrid vehicles could provide an opportunity to store energy for nighttime operations.
Second – renewables make DoD operations more cost effective Parthemore and Nagl 10 (Christine Parthemore is a Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. John Nagl is President of the Center for a New American Security.) ( "Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era" Center for a New American Security(CNAS) is located in Washington, and was established in February 2007 by co-founders Kurt M. Campbell and Michèle A. Flournoy. CNAS is a 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofit organization. Its research is independent and non-partisan. CNAS does not take institutional positions on policy issues. September 2010 http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling20the20Future20Force_NaglParthemore.pdf-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling the Future Force_NaglParthemore.pdf)
The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) must prepare now to AND armed services to accomplish their missions in the years and decades to come.
Investment in Mexico’s renewable energy boosts our energy diplomacy
Johnson et al 2/08 (Stephen Johnson is a senior fellow with the CSIS Americas Program, and Johanna Mendelson Forman is a senior associate and program director. Michael Graybeal is the program coordinator.)(2/08/13, "Recommendations for a New Administration: Give Hemispheric Energy Policy a Strategic Vision" pdf)(PLeon)
One important change during the first Obama term was a greater recognition that energy security AND all tools of government dealing with energy diplomacy, investment, and trade.
How Energy Drives the World All of these disputes have one thing in common: AND In other words, we’re now on a planet heading into energy overdrive.
Collapse of heg causes great power conflicts- no alternatives can solve Brooks et al 13 ~Stephen G. Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College.G. John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is also a Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University.William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College. "Don’t Come Home, America: The Case against Retrenchment", Winter 2013, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pages 7-51, http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107-http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107~~
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far AND that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85
Scenario 1 is Indo-Pak war
====Heg solves Pakistan instability ==== Brzezinski 12 (Zbigniew, US National Security Advisor to Jimmy Carter, Professor of American Foreign Policy at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, scholar at CSIS, Jan/Feb 2012, "8 Geopolitically Endangered Species," www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/01/03/8_geopolitically_endangered_species?page=0,7 SL)
7. PAKISTAN Although Islamabad is armed with 21st-century nuclear weapons and held AND Asia, with violence potentially spreading to China, India, and Russia.
Pakistani instability results in Indo-Pak nuclear war
Fundamentalism is deeply rooted in Pakistan society. The fact that in the year following AND in a new Cold War with China and Russia pitted against the US.
Indo Pac War leads to Extinction
Fai 2001 (Ghulam Nabi, 7/8/2001. Kashmiri American Council. Washington Times, Lexis.)
The foreign policy of the United States in South Asia should move from the lackadaisical AND an inclination to ratify an impending Fissile Material/Cut-off Convention.
Scenario 2 is Prolif Heg collapse causes wild-fire proliferation Stephen Peter Rosen (PhD from Harvard University in 1979 and is currently the Beton Michael Kaneb Professor of National Security and Military Affairs in the Department of Government, Harvard University) Spring 2003 "An Empire, If you Can Keep It," The National Interest, , LN Academic, UK: Fisher
Rather than wrestle with such difficult and unpleasant problems, the United States could give AND is not at all clear that the alternatives are that much more attractive.
Proliferation risks nuclear conflict—inexperienced nations will be more likely to use their nukes Horowitz 9¬¬—Professor of Political Science at University of Pennsylvania ~Michael Horowitz, "The Spread of Nuclear Weapons and International Conflict: Does Experience Matter?" Journal of Conflict Resolution, Volume 53 Number 2, April 2009 pg. 234-257~
Learning as states gain experience with nuclear weapons is complicated. While to some extent AND war, the balance of power, and the preferences of the adopter.
Military power has been seen as important in enforcing debt repayments, but there is AND finally, how military preponderance creates advantages in both monetary and trade affairs.
Even anti-hegemonic authors agree that the US won’t change their global strategy Mearsheimer 11 John J. Mearsheimer, the "R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago" Jan/Feb 2011 "Imperial By Design" http://mearsheimer.uchicago.edu/pdfs/A0059.pdf
The downward spiral the United States has taken was anything but inevitable. Washington has AND would see the United States as a benign hegemon serving their own interests.
Our form of hegemony is ethical Christian REUS-SMIT IR @ Australian Nat’l ’4 American Power and World Order p. 109-115
The final ethical position — the polar opposite of the first — holds that the AND is needed than the simple yet enticing propos¬ition that might is never right.
Total rejection of u.s. leadership would increase imperialism and colonialism.
Christian REUS-SMIT IR @ Australian Nat’l ’4 American Power and World Order p. 121-123
My preference here is to advocate a forward-leaning, prudential strategy of institutionally AND have transformative potential, even if this is only now being creatively exploited.
In early 2009, President Calderón and President Obama announced ¶ plans to strengthen and AND to ¶ modernize their operations and/or invest further in their sector.
U.S. Ambassador Anthony Wayne joined Energy Secretary Pedro Joaquin Coldwell, CFE AND host the forum participants for a reception at the end of the day.
The need for integration of North American ¶ renewable energy markets is real and immediate AND energy sector ¶ holds enormous potential to contribute even more in the future.
Over the last 15 years, contributions by United States government agencies to the development AND sector as it is currently¶ comparatively stagnated due to lack of funds.
10/31/13
Contact Information
Tournament: Contact Information | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: Email stargirlstar27@gmail.com for cites or questions Note: if you tried emailing me before, send another email if necessary. The previously posted email does not work.
12/12/13
Niles North 1AC Round 1
Tournament: Niles Township Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley HP | Judge: Watson, Dave INHERENCY
Mexico has ENORMOUS untapped renewable energy potential. Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City (Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf)//BB The North American context¶ The North American economic region is experiencing an impact from AND economic and financial incentives for public or private sector¶ development of renewable resources
US President Barack Obama has proposed closer collaboration between the US and Mexico on renewable AND to travel to Costa Rica later Friday to meet with President Laura Chinchilla. Still doesn’t solve the aff – renewable development on the border will be limited through 2030, joint cooperation between US and Mexico can boost the industry. Al Sweedler et al, 2012, The U.S.-Mexican Border Environment: Progress and Challenges for Sustainability (eds., Erik Lee and Paul Ganster), "Chapter 11: Energy for a Sustainable Border Region in 2030," p. 321-322
Energy poses a formidable challenge to those working to achieve sustainable development goals. Energy AND foundations of a low-carbon U.S.-Mexican border region.
PLAN: Text: The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement toward the renewable energy sector in Mexico.
The electricity network was built for steady-source energy, like that from coal-fired or nuclear power plants. As the demand for clean, renewable energy increases, grid operators would like to see renewable power plants operate more like conventional power plants. This means providing a predictable, steady source of power and having the ability to stay on-line and support the grid in case of a disturbance. Wind and solar power are clean, abundant and safe. But because of their inherently intermittent nature, incorporating large amounts of wind or solar power can lead to network quality and stability issues. The use of dynamic reactive compensation equipment allows electric utilities and renewable power plants to regulate voltage levels, support a stable point of interconnection, allow the generation to stay on-line during disturbances and ensure high-quality energy. As intermittent renewable energy is increasingly brought into operation, the ability to store energy will be essential to high performance. However, energy storage systems should also include dynamic reactive compensation devices that can instantly respond to frequency fluctuations. Another issue associated with renewable generation is the great distance between the best sources of wind or solar energy and the load centers, like those in major cities. At present, the inability of the existing transmission system in the United States to move electricity from resource-rich but often sparsely populated regions to large population centers remains a primary barrier to achieving renewable energy goals. To continue to develop our renewable resources, the electric power grid must be expanded, reconfigured and modernized, in part, by taking a national view of the grid, rather than a regional one. This will enable renewable generation plant owners to offer their product to a larger, national market rather than their limited regional market and will allow them to obtain better prices and justify more investment in renewable development. For example, a connected transmission infrastructure would enable wind power generated in Texas, or solar energy generated in the Arizona or New Mexico, to feed both California and Chicago. Transactions such as these simply are not possible today. Moving electricity long distances is fraught with challenges, including the public’s objection to overhead power lines, limited rights-of-way and the inefficiencies of traditional technology. Nevertheless, major projects are being proposed to expand and modernize the grid in the U.S. and around the world for renewables integration. These include Tres Amigas in the U.S. Southwest, SuperGrid in Europe and DESERTEC, which would connect the grids of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. The traditional overhead transmission line, however, is not well suited to such initiatives. The challenges they pose may be handled more effectively with high-voltage direct-current cables, employing the "high temperature" superconducting materials discovered in 1987. When coupled with voltage source converters, such HVDC/HTS cables enable multi-terminal transmission over very long distances. A single HVDC superconductor cable can carry tens of gigawatts of power. Such cables are much more efficient than any other transmission technology, have very high power handling capacity, generate no external EMF, and require minimal right of way for installation compared to conventional cables made with copper or aluminum. The development of HVDC superconductor cables opens the prospect of installing transmission lines suitable not AND could avoid the time delays associated with siting publically unpopular overhead power lines. Superconductor cable technology has promise in situations where conventional alternating current capacity is running into limits. Increasing capacity can be next to impossible because more right-of-way is unavailable. With their ability to carry several times more current than conventional cables, alternating current (AC) superconductor cables can be installed in existing rights-of-way, helping to reduce costs and mitigate environmental impacts. Superconductor power cables for this purpose have already been demonstrated in the power grid and AND industry, with AMSC serving as the superconductor wire supplier and prime contractor. The way we generate, use and mange our energy is changing. From the point of generation through transmission and delivery, today’s grid needs to be more flexible, reliable and responsive. The modern smart grid will be a combination of technologies that can make our power supplies more efficient, more reliable and more resilient. These benefits ultimately will lead to positive economic paybacks and lower energy consumption and costs. US transmission investment creates cross border transmission capacity via Mexico’s renewables Ibarra-Yunez 12 (Dr. Alejandro, Professor of Economics and Public Policy – Instituto Tecnologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (Mexico), "Economic and Regulatory Challenges and Opportunities for US-Mexico Electricity Trade and Cooperation," Policy Research Project Report 174, May, http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/17560/prp_174-econ_reg_challenges_US_Mex_electricity-2012.pdf?sequence=5-http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/17560/prp_174-econ_reg_challenges_US_Mex_electricity-2012.pdf?sequence=5)
Congestion in the ERCOT region reached a record high in 2008 when system inefficiency reached AND a yet-to-be-utilized connection are harder to determine.
US engagement with Mexico in the area of renewable energy has been driven by three AND biofuels are therefore vital if Mexico’s true potential is to be fully realized.
Independently Oil Dependence Makes global resources wars inevitable
With the world’s energy supplies finite, the US heavily dependent on imports, and AND , or at least a big part of it, would have survived.
Scenario 2 is Heg
Domestic Energy transition is a starting point for DOD transition Parthemore and Nagl 10 (Christine Parthemore is a Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. John Nagl is President of the Center for a New American Security.) ( "Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era" Center for a New American Security(CNAS) is located in Washington, and was established in February 2007 by co-founders Kurt M. Campbell and Michèle A. Flournoy. CNAS is a 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofit organization. Its research is independent and non-partisan. CNAS does not take institutional positions on policy issues. September 2010 http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling20the20Future20Force_NaglParthemore.pdf-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling the Future Force_NaglParthemore.pdf BLOV)
The best way to begin DOD’s energy transition will be to begin with fast- AND energy sources that make sense given regional renewable energy production capabilities and infrastructure. DOD oil dependence it imposes strategic, operational, and fiscal burdens that reduce military effectiveness which is THE key internal link to heg ? Crowley Et al 07 (Thomas D. Crowley Program Manager at LMI Naval Officer at United States Navy Harvard University Kennedy School of Government United States Naval Academy, Tanya D. Corrie, David B. Diamond, Stuart D. Funk, Wilhelm A. Hansen, Andrea D. Stenhoff, and Daniel C. Swift analysts at LMI) ("TRANSFORMING THE WAY DOD LOOKS AT ENERGY AN APPROACH TO ESTABLISHING AN ENERGY STRATEGY REPO RT FT602T 1" Logistics Management Institute- a government consulting organization, April 2007 http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U226doc=GetTRDoc.pdf26AD=ADA467003-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U226doc=GetTRDoc.pdf26AD=ADA467003BLOV) Strategic Disconnect The goal of our security strategies is to shape the future security environment favorably to AND trend and mitigate the effects of future reductions in the supply of oil. Operational Disconnect The security and military strategies for DoD require an energy-intense posture for conducting AND data, validate these increasing fuel requirements and the implications for future operations. Clearly, the skill of our logistics forces in providing fuel has grown significantly since AND areas of operations limited Patton to local operations for nearly 2 months. 20 The Defense Energy Support Center (DESC) estimates that 20,000 soldiers are AND thereby reducing the danger to our Marines, soldiers, and sailors." 21 Operational capability is always the most important aspect of force development. However, it may not be possible to execute operational concepts and capabilities to achieve our security strategy if the energy implications are not considered. Current planning presents a situation in which the aggregate operational capability of the force may be unsustainable in the long term. Fiscal Disconnect The need to recapitalize obsolete and damaged equipment and to develop high technology systems to AND combat capability must increasingly compete with growing operating costs and logistic support requirements.
It gives our adversaries leverage over our military in times of crisis
Parthemore and Nagl 10 (Christine Parthemore is a Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. John Nagl is President of the Center for a New American Security.) ( "Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era" Center for a New American Security(CNAS) is located in Washington, and was established in February 2007 by co-founders Kurt M. Campbell and Michèle A. Flournoy. CNAS is a 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofit organization. Its research is independent and non-partisan. CNAS does not take institutional positions on policy issues. September 2010 http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling20the20Future20Force_NaglParthemore.pdf-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling the Future Force_NaglParthemore.pdf BLOV)
The risks of petroleum Dependence The growing world demand for petroleum presents major geostrategic risks AND have to continue to consider the attraction of fuel supply lines to opponents. . .
Collapse of heg causes great power conflicts- no alternatives can solve
Brooks et al 13 ~Stephen G. Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College.G. John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is also a Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University.William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College. "Don’t Come Home, America: The Case against Retrenchment", Winter 2013, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pages 7-51, http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107-http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107~~
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far AND vanishes. Specifically, the prediction of post-American tranquility throughout Eurasia rests on the assumption that security is the only relevant state preference, with security defined AND that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85
Scenario 3 Is Energy Diplomacy
RELATIONS Oil cooperation is unsustainable – must shift toward renewables to avert relations collapse Donnelly, Program Associate, Mexico Institute, ’10 (Robert, 5/24/10, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/us-mexico-cooperation-renewable-energy-building-green-agenda-http://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/us-mexico-cooperation-renewable-energy-building-green-agenda, "U.S.-Mexico Cooperation on Renewable Energy: Building a Green Agenda", js) Wood cited recent developments that have encouraged renewable energy investment in Mexico. Mexico’s oil AND , and specifically suggested that energy attaches be assigned to the embassy and consulates US engagement in Mexican energy sector key to solidify energy partnership Wood ’13 (Duncan Wood, the Director of the Mexico Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, For 17 years, Dr. Wood was a professor and the director of the International Relations Program at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) in Mexico City, His research focuses on Mexican energy policy and North American relations, "Growing Potential for U.S. - Mexico Energy Cooperation", January 2013)
This study examines one of the most important and potentially lucrative dimensions of the growth AND that have had a significant impact on both Mexico and on bilateral relations.
Cooperation over energy infrastructure is THE key issue to broader US-Mexico border relations Sweedler et al 5 (Alan, *Assistant Vice President for International Programs at AND , Kimberly Collins, "Energy Issues in the U.S.-Mexican Binational Region: Focus on California-Baja California," http://scerp.org/pubs/m11/chapter201-5.pdf-http://scerp.org/pubs/m11/chapter 1-5.pdf)
Energy is an indispensable lifeblood of the U.S.-Mexican border region and AND responsible for regulating the energy sector in both the United States and Mexico. Relations solve border terrorism and drug networks Storrs 6 (K. Larry Storrs, Specialist in Latin American Affairs, Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division of CRS, 1/18/2006 "Mexico’s Importance and Multiple Relationships with the United States", http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33244_20060118.pdf-http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33244_20060118.pdf)//JG
Sharing a 2,000-mile border and extensive interconnections through the Gulf of AND trafficking, and border terrorism,¶ health, environment, and energy issues.
Drug profits will be used to finance use of WMDs against the U.S.
The impact is an attack on US soil McCaul 12 – JD @ St. Mary’s, former federal prosecutor (Michael, "A LINE IN THE SAND: COUNTERING CRIME, VIOLENCE AND TERROR AT THE SOUTHWEST BORDER," UNITED STATES HOUSE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY, Lexis)BB Terrorism remains a serious threat to the security of the United States. The Congressional AND on U.S. soil ¶ into a weapon of mass destruction.
Nuclear terrorism is an existential threat—causes China and Russia miscalculation. Ayson 10 - Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington (Robert, "After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects," Studies in Conflict 26 Terrorism, 33.7, InformaWorld)BB
But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a AND be admitted that any preemption would probably still meet with a devastating response.
The need for integration of North American ¶ renewable energy markets is real and immediate AND Mexico offers a reliable and relatively ¶ low-cost supply from its wind energy farms ¶ in the north. ¶ The history of cooperation AND energy sector ¶ holds enormous potential to contribute even more in the future.
US financing and expertise is key Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City (Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf)//BB Over the last 15 years, contributions by United States government agencies to the development AND sector as it is currently¶ comparatively stagnated due to lack of funds.
U.S. Ambassador Anthony Wayne joined Energy Secretary Pedro Joaquin Coldwell, CFE AND host the forum participants for a reception at the end of the day.
