General Actions:
Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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Contact information | 1 |
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Harvard | 1 | Milton MH | Bonni Gerard |
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Pennsbury | 1 | Edgemont KX | Jason Smith |
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Scranton | 5 | McDonough NE | Jeff Kahn |
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Scranton | 2 | Wilson DK | Lawrence Grandpre |
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St Marks Sophomore Hoedown | 1 | Westminster CD | Sebastian Barnes |
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St Marks Sophomore Hoedown | 7 | Harker SS | Samantha Varney |
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Yale | 2 | Eastside MW | Hiral Doshi |
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Tournament | Round | Report |
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Harvard | 1 | Opponent: Milton MH | Judge: Bonni Gerard 1AC - Cuban Oil (Spills Russia) |
Pennsbury | 1 | Opponent: Edgemont KX | Judge: Jason Smith 1AC - Cuba Oil |
Scranton | 5 | Opponent: McDonough NE | Judge: Jeff Kahn 1AC - Cuba Oil |
Scranton | 2 | Opponent: Wilson DK | Judge: Lawrence Grandpre 1AC - NADBank |
St Marks Sophomore Hoedown | 1 | Opponent: Westminster CD | Judge: Sebastian Barnes 1AC Cuban Oil (Spills Relations) |
St Marks Sophomore Hoedown | 7 | Opponent: Harker SS | Judge: Samantha Varney 1AC Cuban Oil (Spills Relations) |
Yale | 2 | Opponent: Eastside MW | Judge: Hiral Doshi 1AC Cuban Oil |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Entry | Date |
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Contact InformationTournament: Contact information | Round: 1 | Opponent: | Judge: | 2/2/14 |
Cuban Oil 1AC - Harvard Rd 1 - Spills, RussiaTournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Milton MH | Judge: Bonni Gerard 1AC Lex CDPlanThe United States federal government should substantially increase joint oil cooperation towards Cuba.SpillsContention 1 is SpillsCuban drilling is inevitable but dangerous without US help, a spill would spread to Cuban and US ecosystems and collapse regional hotspotsGibson 1/21 (William E. Gibson, Sun-Sentinel’s Washington bureau chief for 25 years and studied journalism at the University of Kansas and Columbia University, January 21 2014, "Cuba presses ahead on offshore oil drilling", http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2014-01-21/news/fl-bob-graham-cuba-drilling-20140120_1_oil-drilling-cuban-waters-major-oil-spill) WASHINGTON — Cuban officials are preparing to resume offshore oil drilling in deep waters as Now current impediments to US-Cuban oil cooperation destroy spill response – three reasons:a) Company-specific permits and licenses can’t solve – companies won’t apply and even if they did response time is too slowReilly and Cayten 12 (William K. AND Megan, "Why the U.S. should work with Cuba on oil drilling," 2/17/12, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-17/opinions/35445244_1_blowout-preventer-scarabeo-deepwater-horizon)//AM The U.S. government can, and should, make available the resources b) Absent changes in US policy, the Coast Guard and US Companies can’t use expertise and specially designed equipment, only a rapid response with US expertise can prevent spillsBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, "Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spill", March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Defending U.S. Interests An oil well blowout in Cuban waters would almost Cuban oil spills threatens the most biodiverse area in the region—ONLY lifting sanctions can prevent and contain a spillAlmeida, 12 http://gcaptain.com/drilling-cuba-embargo-badly/?46322 Drilling Off Cuba, and How the Embargo Could be Very Costly for the US BY ROB ALMEIDA ON MAY 18, 2012 Prior to commencing drilling operations, Repsol contracted Helix Energy Solutions Group to provide immediate Losing species in specific hotspots checks extinction. Key to agriculture and medicineMittermeier ’11 Extinction is the gravest consequence of the biodiversity crisis, since it is¶ irreversible Biodiversity loss causes extinctionCoyne and Hoekstra, 07 (Jerry Coyne, professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution at the University of Chicago AND Hopi Hoekstra, Associate Professor in the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University, September 24 2007, "The Greatest Dying," 9/24, http://www.truthout.org/article/jerry-coyne-and-hopi-e-hoekstra-the-greatest-dying) Aside from the Great Dying, there have been four other mass extinctions, all There’s an invisible threshold - resiliency isn’t sufficientCraig, 2003, Associate Professor of Law, Indiana U School Law, McGeorge Law Review, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Lexis Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for conserving marine ecosystems also exist, just as they RussiaContention 2 is RussiaRussia is seeking to increase military ties with Cuba —- influence is in limbo because of the death of Chavez and imminent retirement of Castro —- Russia would place cruise missiles and boost electronic spying capabilityGertz 13 (Bill Gertz - national security columnist for The Washington Times and senior editor at The Washington Free Beacon, The Washington Times, "Inside the Ring: Russia boosts Cuba ties" Wednesday, July 31, 2013,http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/jul/31/inside-the-ring-russia-boosts-cuba-ties/?page=all The Russian military recently dispatched a guided-missile warship to Cuba as part of That causes war —- a lack of communication between the two power houses allows escalation —- relations determine influenceInter-American Dialogue 12 (U.S. based think tank for policy analysis, exchange, and communication on issues in Western Hemisphere affairs, "Are External Tensions Entangling Latin American Countries?" http://www.cepr.net/documents/CEPR_News/LAA120810.pdf) A Stephen Johnson, senior fellow and director of the Americas Program at the Center The plan is key to US-Cuban energy cooperation—-solves overall relationsBenjamin-Alvadaro 10 – Jonathan Benjamin-Alvadaro, Report for the Cuban Research Institute, Florida International University, PhD, Professor of Political Science at University of Nebraska at Omaha, Director of the Intelligence Community Centers of Academic Excellence Program at UNO, Treasurer of the American Political Science Association, 2010, Brookings Institution book, "Cuba’s Energy Future: Strategic Approaches to Cooperation" The plan is critical to reverse Russian influence indefinitely.Bloomberg, 12/11/13(Leonid Bershidsky, an editor and novelist, is a Bloomberg View contributor, "Obama’s Handshake Trumps Putin’s Money in Cuba," 12/11/13, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-12-11/obama-s-handshake-trumps-putin-s-money-in-cuba.html) Are the 1950s coming back? The U.S. and Russia appear to Our argument is not that Russia wants to attack, rather that US policymakers will perceive a threat, and miscalculate accordinglyRichter 08 (Paul, Staff Writer for New York Times, "Moscow-Havana ties worry U.S." http://articles.latimes.com/2008/sep/01/world/fg-usrussia1) But at a time when Russia has intervened forcefully in Georgia and is extending the Taking steps to reduce the probability of war is key —- the plan is the only way to deal with dogmatic policy makers on the hillBaum ’12 (Seth Baum, Executive Director of the Global Catastrophic Risk Institute, The key statistic here is the probability of US-Russia nuclear war per unit US-Russia nuclear miscalc over external crises is likely—leads to war and risks extinctionBarrett et al. 13 (Anthony M. Barrett- Global Catastrophic Risk Institute, Seth D. Baum- Center for Research on Environmental Decisions, Columbia University, Kelly R. Hostetler- Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, 2013, "Analyzing and Reducing the Risks of Inadvertent Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia", http://sethbaum.com/ac/fc_NuclearWar.pdf) War involving significant fractions of the U.S. and Russian nuclear arsenals, US-Russia war leads to extinctionHelfand and Pastore 9 ~Ira Helfand, M.D., and John O. Pastore, M.D., are past presidents of Physicians for Social Responsibility. March 31, 2009, "U.S.-Russia nuclear war still a threat", http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_pastoreline_03-31-09_EODSCAO_v15.bbdf23.html~~ President Obama and Russian President Dimitri Medvedev are scheduled to Wednesday in London during the SolvencyContention 3 is SolvencyThe plan doesn’t lift the entire embargo - only specific energy provisionsBenjamin-Alvarado ’10 U.S. cooperation with Cuba in energy just may create an opportunity for Cuba says yes- the plan is in Cuba’s economic interestCDA 09 (The Center for Democracy In the Americas, an independent non-profit committed to the development of better US policy towards and relations with the Americas, "21st Century Cuba: As Cuba plans to drill in the Gulf of Mexico, U.S. policy poses needless risks to our national interest", democracyinamericas.org, February 2011, http://democracyinamericas.org/pdfs/Cuba_Drilling_and_US_Policy.pdf) 6. Cuba would welcome U.S. investment.¶ At MINCEX, the Lifting the embargo improves hemispheric dialogueMeyer 4/8/13 (Peter, CRS Analyst in Latin America Affairs, "Organization of American States: Background and Issues for Congress", https://www.google.com/url?sa=t26rct=j26q=26esrc=s26source=web26cd=1226ved=0CDgQFjABOAo26url=https3A2F2Fwww.hsdl.org2F3Fview26did3D73502226ei=6RcaUsTSDMqT2QWrvYFI26usg=AFQjCNEJiXMS8Gf1AQ19Y_PlL5Nj_fXEGA26sig2=qNsFfyBS3N6r0sCguR_JAw) Policy Considerations ¶ Since the early 1960s, U.S. policy toward Cuba Plan is effective, topical, and US firms would say "yes".Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 (Jonathan Benjamin-Alvarado, PhD of Political Science, University of Nebraska, 2010, "Cuba’s Energy Future: Strategic Approaches to Cooperation," a Brookings Publication – obtained as an ebook through MSU Electronic Resources – page 125-26) There are numerous areas in the energy sector in which the United States and Cuba Certainty is keyHamilton 12 writer for Freedom Works (Amelia Hamilton, 8/23/12 "Government Regulation Slowing Energy Jobs and Economic Growth", http://www.freedomworks.org/blog/ameliahamilton/government-regulation-slowing-energy-jobs-and-econ) Kathleen Sgamma of The Western Energy Alliance testified earlier this month before the House Energy | 2/15/14 |
Cuban Oil 1AC - Pennsbury Rd 1 - Spills, Drugs, WarmingTournament: Pennsbury | Round: 1 | Opponent: Edgemont KX | Judge: Jason Smith 1AC Lex CDPlanThe United States federal government should substantially increase joint oil cooperation toward Cuba.Spills AdvantageDrilling is inevitable but dangerous without US help – Cuban government is determined to persevereFox News Latino 1/22 (News source, 1/22/14, Cuba Pushes Ahead With Oil Drilling, But U.S. Fears Potential Spills Reaching Florida, http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/01/22/cuba-pushes-ahead-with-oil-drilling-us-fret-over-potential-spills-along/) Despite repeated failed efforts to find oil, the Cuban government has pledged to resume Cuban oil spills threatens the most biodiverse area in the region—ONLY lifting sanctions can prevent and contain a spillAlmeida, 12 http://gcaptain.com/drilling-cuba-embargo-badly/?46322 Drilling Off Cuba, and How the Embargo Could be Very Costly for the US BY ROB ALMEIDA ON MAY 18, 2012JH Prior to commencing drilling operations, Repsol contracted Helix Energy Solutions Group to provide immediate An oil spill in Cuban waters would spread to US waters and the GulfPinon Muse 10 (Jorge, Visiting Research Fellow with the Cuban Research institute at Florida international University and former president of amoco oil Latin America, Robert, washington, D.C. based attorney with long and substantial experience in U.S.-Cuba legal matters, May 2010, Coping with the Next Oil Spill: Why U.S.-Cuba Environmental Cooperation is Critical, http://www.brookings.edu/~~/media/research/files/papers/2010/5/1820oil20spill20cuba20pinon/0518_oil_spill_cuba_pinon.pdf) While the quest for deepwater drilling of oil and gas may slow as a result Gulf of Mexico is a biodiversity hotspotBrenner ’8 Jorge Brenner, 3-14-2008, "Guarding the Gulf of Mexico’s valuable resources," SciDev, www.scidev.net/en/opinions/guarding-the-gulf-of-mexico-s-valuable-resources.html W3Caribbean biodiversity is key to global biodiversityCEPF ’10 (quoting Mittermeier — the same author that establishes the "hotspot" thesis and writes our impact ev. , Dr. Russell Alan Mittermeier is a primatologist, herpetologist and biological anthropologist. He holds Ph.D. from Harvard in Biological Anthropology and serves as an Adjunct Professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. CEPF is the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund – "Ecosystem Profile: THE CARIBBEAN ISLANDS BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT" – Prepared by: BirdLife International¶ in collaboration with:¶ Durrell Wildlife Conservation¶ Trust / Bath University¶ The New York Botanical Garden¶ and with the technical support of:¶ Conservation International-Center¶ for Applied Biodiversity Science; assistance for this report was offered by 100 international and non-profit organizations. Jan 15th– http://www.cepf.net/Documents/Final_Caribbean_EP.pdf) Losing species in specific hotspots checks extinction. Key to agriculture and medicineMittermeier ’11 Extinction is the gravest consequence of the biodiversity crisis, since it is¶ irreversible Relations AdvantageUS-Cuban oil cooperation is key to check existing US-Latin American tensions.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 The development of Cuba as an energy partner will not solve America’s energy problems. Scenario 1 is DrugsCuba spills-over to coordinated drug policy in Latin America and worldwideShifter 12 As the world’s lone nuclear-weapons-free region, Latin America has the An effective framework for cooperation and dialogue solves counternarcotic operationsInter-American Dialogue 12 - the Inter-American Dialogue is the leading US center for policy analysis, exchange, and communication on issues in Western Hemisphere affairs("Remaking the Relationship The United States and Latin America", April 2012, http://www.thedialogue.org/PublicationFiles/IAD2012PolicyReportFINAL.pdf) In the spirit of "shared responsibility," often invoked by senior US policy officials Drug gang expansion results in regional upheavalStratfor, 11 (Stratfor, 11/17/11, "The Mexican Drug Cartel Threat in Central America Guatemalan President-elect Otto Perez Molina told Mexican newspaper El Universal on Nov. Leads to a laundry list of human rights violationsManwaring ’5 – adjunct professor of international politics at Dickinson President Chávez also understands that the process leading to state failure is the most Scenario 2 is WarmingCuba specifically spills-over to global coop on warming- overcomes alt causesShifter ’12 Cuba, too, poses a significant challenge for relations between the United States and Cooperation key to solve warming - requires interconnected solutionsGaramone ’9 The United States and other Western Hemisphere nations must increase cooperation and collaboration for their Global warming is real and anthropogenicProthero 12 (Donald Prothero, Professor of Geology at Occidental College, Lecturer in Geobiology at CalTech, "How We Know Global Warming is Real and Human Caused," 3/1/12, EBSCO) How do we know that global warming is real and primarily human caused? There It also causes extinction — positive feedbacks will push us past the tipping point.Morgan 9 (Dennis Ray Morgan, Professor of Current Affairs at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, "World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race," December 2009 Science Direct) As horrifying as the scenario of human extinction by sudden, fast-burning nuclear Action now prevents runaway warming — it’s not too late.Hansen 8 (James Hansen, directs the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, adjunct professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia University, "Tell Barack Obama the Truth – The Whole Truth," Nov/Dec 2008, http://www.columbia.edu/~~jeh1/mailings/2008/20081121_Obama.pdf) Embers of election night elation will glow longer than any prior election. Glowing even SolvencyCuba wants cooperation and says yesBenjamin-Alvarado ’10 Undoubtedly, after fifty years of enmity, there is a significant lack of trust Certainty is keyHamilton 12 writer for Freedom Works (Amelia Hamilton, 8/23/12 "Government Regulation Slowing Energy Jobs and Economic Growth", http://www.freedomworks.org/blog/ameliahamilton/government-regulation-slowing-energy-jobs-and-econ) KY Kathleen Sgamma of The Western Energy Alliance testified earlier this month before the House Energy Plan is effective, topical, and US firms would say "yes".Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 There are numerous areas in the energy sector in which the United States and Cuba | 2/2/14 |
Cuban Oil 1AC - Scranton Rd 5 - China, SpillsTournament: Scranton | Round: 5 | Opponent: McDonough NE | Judge: Jeff Kahn 1ACPlanThe United States federal government should substantially increase joint oil cooperation toward Cuba. China AdvantageAdvantage 1 is ChinaNow is key – China is shoring up influence in CubaBoston Globe, 2/9 ("Cuba’s reforms pave way for new US policy, too", 2013, http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/editorials/2013/02/09/cuba-reform-create-opportunity-drag-policy-into-century/xER2NTTXGsxdLej0miHwFM/story.html) Cooperative drilling boosts U.S. stature and influence in Latin America and prevents Chinese expansionBenjamin-Alvadaro ’6 (Jonathan, Professor of Political Science at University of Nebraska at Omaha, Report for the Cuban Research Institute, "The Current Status and Future Prospects for Oil Exploration in Cuba: A Special," http://cri.fiu.edu/research/commissioned-reports/oil-cuba-alvarado.pdf) Given that there are no formal diplomatic of economic relations between the governments of the China’s influence is zero-sum- plan solve Chinese influenceKreps, 13 (Sarah E., Assistant Professors of Government at Cornell University , "No Strings Attached? Evaluating China’s Trade Relations Abroad," May 17, http://thediplomat.com/china-power/no-strings-attached-evaluating-chinas-trade-relations-abroad) To be sure, China may not have a purposeful plan to bring their trade Specifically, oil drilling is leverage against the US on TaiwanLukos, 11 (James, Former Deputy Head of Office UN International War Crimes Tribunal, Office of the Prosecutor ( UN ICTY)), United Nations Political Affairs Officer, Smithsonian Institute- Wilson Center for International Scholars Washington DC National Council for Soviet 26 East European Research Washington DC Sino-Soviet Institute George Washington University Washington DC Current DIRECTOR of the UN Global Impact Centre for International and Global Climate Studies, Editor 26 Publisher of LUKO NEWS REVIEW, Contributing Writer to Nolan Chart Huffington Post Author of: New Security Dimensions 26 Defense Conversion 2011, "China’s Moves on Cuba Need to Be Stopped," http://www.nolanchart.com/article8774-chinas-moves-on-cuba-need-to-be-stopped.html) Cuba is China’s biggest trade partner in the Caribbean region, while China is Cuba’s Chinese influence in Latin America causes Taiwan warFergusson, 12 – Researcher at Royal Society for the Arts, Master of Science, China in the International Arena, University of Glasgow (Robert, "The Chinese Challenge to the Monroe Doctrine," http://www.e-ir.info/2012/07/23/does-chinese-growth-in-latin-america-threaten-american-interests/) Taiwan is uniquely likely to escalate to nuclear war – risk of miscommunication and misunderstanding is highLowther, 3/16 (William, Taipei Times, citing a report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies, "Taiwan could spark nuclear war: report," http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2013/03/16/2003557211) Spills AdvantageCuban attempts at drilling in Gulf inevitable – this takes into account recent failuresHavana Times 8/16 (independent source for news and opinion on and from Cuba, 8/16/13, Cuba Invests in Solar, While Still Betting on Oil, http://www.havanatimes.org/?p=98026~~23sthash.m9UbYlYV.dpuf) One of the greatest hopes of the Cuban executive to carry out a successful reform Cuban attempts at offshore drilling are inevitable – only a rapid response with US expertise can prevent spillsBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, "Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spill", March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Company-specific permits can’t solve – companies won’t apply and even if they did response time is too slowReilly and Cayten 12 (William K. AND Megan, "Why the U.S. should work with Cuba on oil drilling," 2/17/12, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-17/opinions/35445244_1_blowout-preventer-scarabeo-deepwater-horizon)//AM The U.S. government can, and should, make available the resources Alternative methods of containing a spill fail in Cuban waters – only expertise solvesBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, "Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spill", March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Cuban oil spills threatens the most biodiverse area in the region—ONLY lifting sanctions can prevent and contain a spillAlmeida, 12 http://gcaptain.com/drilling-cuba-embargo-badly/?46322 Drilling Off Cuba, and How the Embargo Could be Very Costly for the US BY ROB ALMEIDA ON MAY 18, 2012JH Prior to commencing drilling operations, Repsol contracted Helix Energy Solutions Group to provide immediate An oil spill in Cuban waters would spread to US waters and the GulfPinon Muse 10 (Jorge, Visiting Research Fellow with the Cuban Research institute at Florida international University and former president of amoco oil Latin America, Robert, washington, D.C. based attorney with long and substantial experience in U.S.-Cuba legal matters, May 2010, Coping with the Next Oil Spill: Why U.S.-Cuba Environmental Cooperation is Critical, http://www.brookings.edu/~~/media/research/files/papers/2010/5/1820oil20spill20cuba20pinon/0518_oil_spill_cuba_pinon.pdf) While the quest for deepwater drilling of oil and gas may slow as a result Gulf of Mexico is a biodiversity hotspotBrenner ’8 Jorge Brenner, 3-14-2008, "Guarding the Gulf of Mexico’s valuable resources," SciDev, www.scidev.net/en/opinions/guarding-the-gulf-of-mexico-s-valuable-resources.html Caribbean biodiversity is key to global biodiversityCEPF ’10 (quoting Mittermeier — the same author that establishes the "hotspot" thesis and writes our impact ev. , Dr. Russell Alan Mittermeier is a primatologist, herpetologist and biological anthropologist. He holds Ph.D. from Harvard in Biological Anthropology and serves as an Adjunct Professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. CEPF is the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund – "Ecosystem Profile: THE CARIBBEAN ISLANDS BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT" – Prepared by: BirdLife International¶ in collaboration with:¶ Durrell Wildlife Conservation¶ Trust / Bath University¶ The New York Botanical Garden¶ and with the technical support of:¶ Conservation International-Center¶ for Applied Biodiversity Science; assistance for this report was offered by 100 international and non-profit organizations. Jan 15th– http://www.cepf.net/Documents/Final_Caribbean_EP.pdf) Losing species in specific hotspots checks extinction. Key to agriculture and medicineMittermeier ’11 Extinction is the gravest consequence of the biodiversity crisis, since it is¶ irreversible SolvencyCertainty is keyHamilton 12 writer for Freedom Works (Amelia Hamilton, 8/23/12 "Government Regulation Slowing Energy Jobs and Economic Growth", http://www.freedomworks.org/blog/ameliahamilton/government-regulation-slowing-energy-jobs-and-econ) KY Kathleen Sgamma of The Western Energy Alliance testified earlier this month before the House Energy Plan is effective, topical, and US firms would say "yes".Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 There are numerous areas in the energy sector in which the United States and Cuba Cuba says yes. This spills-into broader coop.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 Undoubtedly, after fifty years of enmity, there is a significant lack of trust | 2/2/14 |
Cuban Oil 1AC - St Marks Rd 1 - Spills, China, TerrorTournament: St Marks Sophomore Hoedown | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westminster CD | Judge: Sebastian Barnes 1ACPlanThe United States federal government should substantially increase joint oil cooperation toward Cuba. SpillsCuban attempts at drilling in Gulf inevitable – this takes into account recent failuresHavana Times 8/16 (independent source for news and opinion on and from Cuba, 8/16/13, Cuba Invests in Solar, While Still Betting on Oil, http://www.havanatimes.org/?p=98026~~23sthash.m9UbYlYV.dpuf) One of the greatest hopes of the Cuban executive to carry out a successful reform Cuban attempts at offshore drilling are inevitable – only a rapid response with US expertise can prevent spillsBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, "Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spill", March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Alternative methods of containing a spill fail in Cuban waters – only expertise solvesBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, "Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spill", March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Cuban oil spills threatens the most biodiverse area in the region—ONLY lifting sanctions can prevent and contain a spillAlmeida, 12 http://gcaptain.com/drilling-cuba-embargo-badly/?46322 Drilling Off Cuba, and How the Embargo Could be Very Costly for the US BY ROB ALMEIDA ON MAY 18, 2012JH Prior to commencing drilling operations, Repsol contracted Helix Energy Solutions Group to provide immediate Cuba is a bio-diversity hotspotWhittle 12- Environmental Law Proffessor at Wake Forest University, B.A from Colarodo Unviersity (Daniel J. Whittle, "Bridging the Gulf Finding Common Ground on Environmental and Safety Preparedness for Offshore Oil and Gas in Cuba", 2012, http://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/EDF-Bridging_the_Gulf-2012.pdf, JL) Loss of Bio-Diversity in hotspots causes extinctionNautiyal and Nidamanuri 10 – Centre for Ecological Economics at Institute for Scoial and Economic Change, Nidamanuri: Economic change 26 Department of Earth and Space Sciences at the Indian Institute of space science and Technology (Sunil Nautiyal and Rama Rao Nidamanuri, "Conserving Biodiversity in Protected Area of Biodiversity Hotspot in India: A Case Study," http://www.researchgate.net/publicat ion/229046655_Conserving_Biodiversity_in_Protected_Area_of_Biodiversity_Hotspot_in_India_A_Case_Study, ) RelationsScenario 1 is ChinaNow is key – China is shoring up influence in CubaBoston Globe, 2/9 ("Cuba’s reforms pave way for new US policy, too", 2013, http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/editorials/2013/02/09/cuba-reform-create-opportunity-drag-policy-into-century/xER2NTTXGsxdLej0miHwFM/story.html) Cooperative drilling boosts U.S. stature and influence in Latin America and prevents Chinese expansionBenjamin-Alvadaro ’6 (Jonathan, Professor of Political Science at University of Nebraska at Omaha, Report for the Cuban Research Institute, "The Current Status and Future Prospects for Oil Exploration in Cuba: A Special," http://cri.fiu.edu/research/commissioned-reports/oil-cuba-alvarado.pdf) Given that there are no formal diplomatic of economic relations between the governments of the Plan solves Chinese influence – zero-sumKreps, 13 (Sarah E., Assistant Professors of Government at Cornell University , "No Strings Attached? Evaluating China’s Trade Relations Abroad," May 17, http://thediplomat.com/china-power/no-strings-attached-evaluating-chinas-trade-relations-abroad) To be sure, China may not have a purposeful plan to bring their trade Specifically, oil drilling is leverage against the US on TaiwanLukos, 11 (James, Former Deputy Head of Office UN International War Crimes Tribunal, Office of the Prosecutor ( UN ICTY)), United Nations Political Affairs Officer, Smithsonian Institute- Wilson Center for International Scholars Washington DC National Council for Soviet 26 East European Research Washington DC Sino-Soviet Institute George Washington University Washington DC Current DIRECTOR of the UN Global Impact Centre for International and Global Climate Studies, Editor 26 Publisher of LUKO NEWS REVIEW, Contributing Writer to Nolan Chart Huffington Post Author of: New Security Dimensions 26 Defense Conversion 2011, "China’s Moves on Cuba Need to Be Stopped," http://www.nolanchart.com/article8774-chinas-moves-on-cuba-need-to-be-stopped.html) Cuba is China’s biggest trade partner in the Caribbean region, while China is Cuba’s Chinese influence in Latin America causes Taiwan warFergusson, 12 – Researcher at Royal Society for the Arts, Master of Science, China in the International Arena, University of Glasgow (Robert, "The Chinese Challenge to the Monroe Doctrine," http://www.e-ir.info/2012/07/23/does-chinese-growth-in-latin-america-threaten-american-interests/) Taiwan is uniquely likely to escalate to nuclear war – high risk of miscommunication and misunderstandingLowther, 3/16 (William, Taipei Times, citing a report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies, "Taiwan could spark nuclear war: report," http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2013/03/16/2003557211) Scenario 2 is Latin AmericaUS-Cuban oil cooperation is key to check existing US-Latin American tensions.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 The development of Cuba as an energy partner will not solve America’s energy problems. Now is key to revive low relations-Chavez death makes Cuba the linchpin to relationsTisdall, ’13 (Simon Tisdall, writer for the Guardian, 3-5-2013, "Death of Hugo Chávez brings chance of fresh start for US and Latin America," Guardian, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/mar/05/hugo-chavez-dead-us-latin-america/print) Hugo Chávez’s departure furnishes Barack Obama with an opportunity to repair US ties with Venezuela, but also with other Latin American states whose relations with Washington were adversely affected by Chávez’s politics of polarisation and the Bush administration’s viscerally unintelligent reaction. Relations spill over to global cooperation on nuclear terror- overcomes alt causesShifter ~’12 As the world’s lone nuclear-weapons-free region, Latin America has the Improving the effectiveness of global cooperation solves nuclear terrorSlaughter 11 (Anne-Marie, Bert G. Kerstetter ~’66 university professor of politics and international affairs at Princeton University, "Problems Will Be Global — And Solutions Will Be, Too", Foreign Policy, Sept/Oct, Issue 188, Ebsco) Driving this massive multilateralization is the increasingly global and regional nature of our problems, High risk of terrorist attack-Building a weapon is surprisingly easy – it’s a question of getting enough material A striking parallel can be seen in the discussion surrounding crude nuclear weapons production That causes nuclear warAyson 10 - Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a Even small acts of nuclear terrorism cause large death tolls.Allison 26 Myers ’4 JOANNE MYERS: Good afternoon. I’m Joanne Myers, Director of Merrill House Programs SolvencyCertainty is keyHamilton 12 writer for Freedom Works (Amelia Hamilton, 8/23/12 "Government Regulation Slowing Energy Jobs and Economic Growth", http://www.freedomworks.org/blog/ameliahamilton/government-regulation-slowing-energy-jobs-and-econ) KY Kathleen Sgamma of The Western Energy Alliance testified earlier this month before the House Energy Plan is effective, topical, and US firms would say "yes".Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 There are numerous areas in the energy sector in which the United States and Cuba Cuba says yes. This spills-into broader coop.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 Undoubtedly, after fifty years of enmity, there is a significant lack of trust | 2/2/14 |
Cuban Oil 1AC - St Marks Rd 7 - Spills, Terror, DrugsTournament: St Marks Sophomore Hoedown | Round: 7 | Opponent: Harker SS | Judge: Samantha Varney 1ACPlanThe United States federal government should substantially increase joint oil cooperation toward Cuba. SpillsCuban attempts at drilling in Gulf inevitable – this takes into account recent failuresHavana Times 8/16 (independent source for news and opinion on and from Cuba, 8/16/13, Cuba Invests in Solar, While Still Betting on Oil, http://www.havanatimes.org/?p=98026~~23sthash.m9UbYlYV.dpuf) One of the greatest hopes of the Cuban executive to carry out a successful reform Cuban attempts at offshore drilling are inevitable – only a rapid response with US expertise can prevent spillsBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, "Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spill", March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Company-specific permits can’t solve – companies won’t apply and even if they did response time is too slowReilly and Cayten 12 (William K. AND Megan, "Why the U.S. should work with Cuba on oil drilling," 2/17/12, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-17/opinions/35445244_1_blowout-preventer-scarabeo-deepwater-horizon)//AM The U.S. government can, and should, make available the resources Alternative methods of containing a spill fail in Cuban waters – only expertise solvesBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, "Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spill", March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Cuban oil spills threatens the most biodiverse area in the region—ONLY lifting sanctions can prevent and contain a spillAlmeida, 12 http://gcaptain.com/drilling-cuba-embargo-badly/?46322 Drilling Off Cuba, and How the Embargo Could be Very Costly for the US BY ROB ALMEIDA ON MAY 18, 2012JH Prior to commencing drilling operations, Repsol contracted Helix Energy Solutions Group to provide immediate Cuba is a bio-diversity hotspot with unique speciesWhittle 12- Environmental Law Proffessor at Wake Forest University, B.A from Colarodo Unviersity (Daniel J. Whittle, "Bridging the Gulf Finding Common Ground on Environmental and Safety Preparedness for Offshore Oil and Gas in Cuba", 2012, http://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/EDF-Bridging_the_Gulf-2012.pdf, JL) Losing species in specific hotspots checks extinction. Key to agriculture and medicineMittermeier ’11 Extinction is the gravest consequence of the biodiversity crisis, since it is¶ irreversible RelationsUS-Cuban oil cooperation is key to check existing US-Latin American tensions.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 The development of Cuba as an energy partner will not solve America’s energy problems. Now is key to revive low relations - Chavez death makes Cuba the linchpin to relationsTisdall, ’13 (Simon Tisdall, writer for the Guardian, 3-5-2013, "Death of Hugo Chávez brings chance of fresh start for US and Latin America," Guardian, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/mar/05/hugo-chavez-dead-us-latin-america/print) Hugo Chávez’s departure furnishes Barack Obama with an opportunity to repair US ties with Venezuela Scenario 1 is TerrorismUS – Latin America relations key to global cooperation on nuclear terror – Latin America is nuclear-freeShifter 12 As the world’s lone nuclear-weapons-free region, Latin America has the Improving the effectiveness of global cooperation solves nuclear terrorSlaughter 11 (Anne-Marie, Bert G. Kerstetter ~’66 university professor of politics and international affairs at Princeton University, "Problems Will Be Global — And Solutions Will Be, Too", Foreign Policy, Sept/Oct, Issue 188, Ebsco) Driving this massive multilateralization is the increasingly global and regional nature of our problems, The likelihood and magnitude of a nuclear terror attack is extremely high – documented cases of theftBunn ’7 Yes. Unfortunately, terrorist use of a nuclear bomb is a very real danger That causes nuclear warAyson 10 - Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a Even small acts of nuclear terrorism cause large death tolls.Allison 26 Myers ’4 JOANNE MYERS: Good afternoon. I’m Joanne Myers, Director of Merrill House Programs Scenario 2 is DrugsCuba spills-over to coordinated drug policy in Latin AmericaShifter 12 As the world’s lone nuclear-weapons-free region, Latin America has the An effective framework for cooperation and dialogue solves counternarcotic operationsInter-American Dialogue 12 - the Inter-American Dialogue is the leading US center for policy analysis, exchange, and communication on issues in Western Hemisphere affairs("Remaking the Relationship The United States and Latin America", April 2012, http://www.thedialogue.org/PublicationFiles/IAD2012PolicyReportFINAL.pdf) In the spirit of "shared responsibility," often invoked by senior US policy officials Drug gang expansion results in regional upheavalStratfor, 11 (Stratfor, 11/17/11, "The Mexican Drug Cartel Threat in Central America Guatemalan President-elect Otto Perez Molina told Mexican newspaper El Universal on Nov. Triggers nuclear war and extinctionManwaring ’5 – adjunct professor of international politics at Dickinson President Chávez also understands that the process leading to state failure is the most SolvencyCertainty is keyHamilton 12 writer for Freedom Works (Amelia Hamilton, 8/23/12 "Government Regulation Slowing Energy Jobs and Economic Growth", http://www.freedomworks.org/blog/ameliahamilton/government-regulation-slowing-energy-jobs-and-econ) KY Kathleen Sgamma of The Western Energy Alliance testified earlier this month before the House Energy Plan is effective, topical, and US firms would say "yes".Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 There are numerous areas in the energy sector in which the United States and Cuba Cuba says yes. This spills-into broader coop.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 Undoubtedly, after fifty years of enmity, there is a significant lack of trust | 2/2/14 |
Cuban Oil 1AC - Yale Rd 2 - China, Russia, SpillsTournament: Yale | Round: 2 | Opponent: Eastside MW | Judge: Hiral Doshi Cuban Oil 1ACChina AdvantageAdvantage 1 is ChinaNow is key – China is shoring up influence in CubaBoston Globe, 2/9 (and#34;Cuba’s reforms pave way for new US policy, tooand#34;, 2013, http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/editorials/2013/02/09/cuba-reform-create-opportunity-drag-policy-into-century/xER2NTTXGsxdLej0miHwFM/story.html) Cooperative drilling boosts U.S. stature and influence in Latin America and prevents Chinese expansionBenjamin-Alvadaro ’6 (Jonathan, Professor of Political Science at University of Nebraska at Omaha, Report for the Cuban Research Institute, and#34;The Current Status and Future Prospects for Oil Exploration in Cuba: A Special,and#34; http://cri.fiu.edu/research/commissioned-reports/oil-cuba-alvarado.pdf) Given that there are no formal diplomatic of economic relations between the governments of the China’s influence is zero-sum- plan solve Chinese influenceKreps, 13 (Sarah E., Assistant Professors of Government at Cornell University , and#34;No Strings Attached? Evaluating China’s Trade Relations Abroad,and#34; May 17, http://thediplomat.com/china-power/no-strings-attached-evaluating-chinas-trade-relations-abroad) To be sure, China may not have a purposeful plan to bring their trade Chinese influence in Latin America causes Taiwan warFergusson, 12 – Researcher at Royal Society for the Arts, Master of Science, China in the International Arena, University of Glasgow (Robert, and#34;The Chinese Challenge to the Monroe Doctrine,and#34; http://www.e-ir.info/2012/07/23/does-chinese-growth-in-latin-america-threaten-american-interests/) Taiwan is uniquely likely to escalate to nuclear war – risk of miscommunication and misunderstanding is highLowther, 3/16 (William, Taipei Times, citing a report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies, and#34;Taiwan could spark nuclear war: report,and#34; http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2013/03/16/2003557211) Russia AdvantageAdvantage 2 is RussiaLack of US presence and Raul’s ascent to power invites Russia to use Cuba as a means to project power and expand influenceLee 08 – President of Foreign Policy Research Insititute; authority on international crime and narcotics and nuclear security issues; a Stanford Ph.D.; president of Global Advisory Services, a McLean, Virginia-based consulting firm (Rens, and#34;Rethinking the Embargo,and#34; Foreign Affairs, November/December 2008, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/64618/rens-lee/rethinking-the-embargo)//Bwang Current U.S. policy makes Cuba a target of opportunity for a resurgent Russian military influence in Cuba expanding now – renews cold war tensionsReid 08 (Marsha, Staff Reporter at Geopolitical Monitor, and#34;Cuba 26 Cold War Redux,and#34; Geopolitical Monitor, 8/4/08, http://www.geopoliticalmonitor.com/cuba-russian-us-tensions-august-4-2008-991/) In a move aimed at spiting Washington for its planned missile defence system in Central Cuba-Russia relations increasing now – three reasonsOxReach Daily Brief Service 13 – (and#34;Cuba/Russia: Improved ties play in Cuba’s favourand#34;, April 01, Oxford Analytica: Global Strategic Analysis, ProQuest)ID SUBJECT:Cuba-Russia bilateral ties.¶ SIGNIFICANCE:In the coming months, The plan specifically establishes a long-term framework for normalizing Cuba-US relationsLanier 13—Adam Lanier, UNC School of Law (and#34;In Deepwater: Cuba, Offshore Drilling, and Political Brinkmanshipand#34;, 2013, Lexis Nexis) IV. Recommendations¶ The development of Cuba’s offshore oil resources has sparked the interest US relations crowd out RussiaBlank 9 (Stephen, Research Professor of National Security Affairs at the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College, and#34;Russia in Latin America: Geopolitical Games in the US’s Neighborhood,and#34; pdf) The only way in which Russian policy truly threatens the US and Latin America is Russian expansion spurs a new Cold War and proxy conflictsWalle 12 (Walter, Research Associate at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, and#34;Russia Turns to the South for Military and Economic Alliances,and#34; http://www.coha.org/russia-turns-to-the-south-for-military-and-economic-alliances/) Quite clearly, Russia’s interest in Latin America is escalating. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Russian influence counters US hegemonySáchez 07 (Alex, Council on Hemispheric Affairs Research Fellow, and#34;COHA Report: Mother Russia Likes What She Now Sees in Cuba,and#34; COHA, 5/1/2007, http://www.coha.org/coha-report-mother-russia-likes-what-she-now-sees-in-cuba/) Similarly, it is unclear if Russia today has drafted a grand-strategy regarding American hegemony is necessary to prevent a multitude of conflicts in every region of the world – a multipolar world would only increase the likelihood of warKagan 7 ~Robert, a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and transatlantic fellow at the German Marshall Fund, and#34;End of Dreams, Return of History, 6-19, http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2007/07/end_of_dreams_return_of_histor.html~~ The jostling for status and influence among these ambitious nations and would-be nations Increasing Cuba-Russia relations threatens US-Russian relationsLogan 8 – reporter on Security in Latin America for the ISN (Samuel, and#34;Cuba’s emerging leverageand#34;, August 20, International Relations and Security Network, http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Articles/Detail/?id=9023126lng=en)//ID When Russian daily Izvestia reported on 21 July that Russian Tu-160 and Tu US-Russia War causes extinctionHelfand and Pastore 9 ~Ira Helfand, M.D., and John O. Pastore, M.D., are past presidents of Physicians for Social Responsibility. March 31, 2009, and#34;U.S.-Russia nuclear war still a threatand#34;, http://www.projo.com/opinion/contributors/content/CT_pastoreline_03-31-09_EODSCAO_v15.bbdf23.html~~ President Obama and Russian President Dimitri Medvedev are scheduled to Wednesday in London during the Spills AdvantageAdvantage 3 is oil spillsCuban attempts at offshore drilling are inevitable – only a rapid response with US expertise can prevent spillsBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, and#34;Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spilland#34;, March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Alternative methods of containing a spill fail in Cuban waters – only expertise solvesBert and Clayton 12 (Captain Melissa –2011-2012 Military Fellow, U.S. Coast Guard, and Blake – Fellow for Energy and National Security, and#34;Addressing the Risk of a Cuban Oil Spilland#34;, March, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/addressing-risk-cuban-oil-spill/p27515) Cuban oil spills collapse Floridian ecosystems – the plan prevents and mitigates the impact to spillsStephens and Colvin 11 (Sarah – Executive Director of the Center for Democracy in the Americas, and Jake – Vice President for Global Trade Issues at the National Foreign Trade Council, and#34;US-Cuba policy, and the race for oil drillingand#34;, 9/29, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/foreign-policy/184661-us-cuba-policy-and-the-race-for-oil-drilling) Florida is a unique biodiversity hotspotAlles 7 (David L. Professor of Biology – Western Washington University, and#34;Biodiversity Hot Spots: The Florida Evergladesand#34;, 3-7-2007, http://www.biol.wwu.edu/trent/alles/Everglades.pdf) ExtinctionNautiyal 26 Nidamanuri 10 (Sunil and Rama Rao – Centre for Ecological Economics and Natural Resources @ Institute for Social and Economic Change 26 Department of Earth and Space Sciences @ Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, and#34;Conserving Biodiversity in Protected Area of Biodiversity Hotspot in India: A Case Study,and#34; International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 36 (2-3): 195-200, 2010) PlanPlan Text: The United States federal government should lift its economic restrictions on joint oil cooperation toward Cuba.SolvencyPlan is effective, topical, and US firms would say and#34;yesand#34;.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 There are numerous areas in the energy sector in which the United States and Cuba US expertise and proximity are key to halting Cuban oil spillsPinon and Muse, 10 – Jorge, Visiting Research Fellow with the Cuban Research institute at Florida international University and former president of amoco oil Latin America, and Muse, Washington, D.C.-based attorney with long and substantial experience in U.S.-Cuba legal matters. Both are advisors to the Brookings institution task Force on U.S.-Cuba Relations (and#34;Coping with the Next Oil Spill: Why U.S.-Cuba Environmental Cooperation is Critical,and#34; Brookings Institute, 5/10, http://www.brookings.edu/~~/media/research/files/papers/2010/5/1820oil20spill20cuba20pinon/0518_oil_spill_cuba_pinon.pdf) To respond effectively to an oil-related marine accident, any company operating in Cuba says yes. This spills-into broader coop.Benjamin-Alvarado ’10 Undoubtedly, after fifty years of enmity, there is a significant lack of trust | 2/2/14 |
NADBank 1AC - Scranton Rd 2 - WarmingTournament: Scranton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Wilson DK | Judge: Lawrence Grandpre 1AC Lex CDWarmingPlan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its infrastructure assistance toward Mexico through the North American Development Bank.Global warming is real and anthropogenic.Prothero 12 (Donald Prothero, Professor of Geology at Occidental College, Lecturer in Geobiology at CalTech, "How We Know Global Warming is Real and Human Caused," 3/1/12, EBSCO) How do we know that global warming is real and primarily human caused? There It also causes extinction — positive feedbacks will push us past the tipping point.Morgan 9 (Dennis Ray Morgan, Professor of Current Affairs at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, "World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race," December 2009 Science Direct) As horrifying as the scenario of human extinction by sudden, fast-burning nuclear Action now prevents runaway warming — it’s not too late.Hansen 8 (James Hansen, directs the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, adjunct professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia University, "Tell Barack Obama the Truth – The Whole Truth," Nov/Dec 2008, http://www.columbia.edu/~~jeh1/mailings/2008/20081121_Obama.pdf) Embers of election night elation will glow longer than any prior election. Glowing even The plan solves:1) Technical assistance — U.S. clean energy investment solves reduction and adaptation.BECC 11 — Border Environment Cooperation Commission (Border Environment Cooperation Commission, November 2011, "Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy and Transportation: Project Opportunities in the U.S. – Mexico Border Region", http://www.cocef.org/Eng/VLibrary/Publications/SpecialReports/BECC20WP2020Nov20201120index.pdf, Accessed 08-29-2013) SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
2) Global modeling — U.S.-Mexico cooperation persuades developing economies to transition.Selee 12 — Vice President for Programs and Senior Advisor to the Mexico Institute, and Wilson, associate with the Over the past few years, the U.S. and Mexican governments have That’s key to solve climate change — U.S. investment in renewables is key.Passell 12 (Peter Passell, the Economics Editor of Democracy Lab, is a Senior Fellow at the Milken Institute, 5/23/12, "Two Worlds, One Climate," http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/05/23/two_worlds_one_climate?page=full) Climate change, we are often told, is everyone’s problem. And without a Allowing warming and coal consumption to continue perpetuates and amplifies racist inequalitiesHoerner 8—Former director of Research at the Center for a Sustainable Economy, Director of Tax Policy at the Center for Global Change at the University of Maryland College Park, and editor of Natural Resources Tax Review. He has done research on environmental economics and policy on behalf of the governments of Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United States. Andrew received his B.A. in Economics from Cornell University and a J.D. from Case Western Reserve School of Law—AND—Nia Robins—former inaugural Climate Justice Corps Fellow in 2003, director of Environmental Justice and Climate Change Initiative (J. Andrew, "A Climate of Change African Americans, Global Warming, and a Just Climate Policy for the U.S." July 2008, http://www.ejcc.org/climateofchange.pdf) SolvencyPublic advocacy of climate solutions key to change governmental policy—-individual change insufficientCAG 10—Climate Change Communication Advisory Group. Dr Adam Corner School of Psychology, Cardiff University - Dr Tom Crompton Change Strategist, WWF-UK - Scott Davidson Programme Manager, Global Action Plan - Richard Hawkins Senior Researcher, Public Interest Research Centre - Professor Tim Kasser, Psychology department, Knox College, Galesburg, Illinois, USA. - Dr Renee Lertzman, Center for Sustainable Processes 26 Practices, Portland State University, US. - Peter Lipman, Policy Director, Sustrans. - Dr Irene Lorenzoni, Centre for Environmental Risk, University of East Anglia. - George Marshall, Founding Director, Climate Outreach , Information Network - Dr Ciaran Mundy, Director, Transition Bristol - Dr Saffron O’Neil, Department of Resource Management and Geography, University of Melbourne, Australia. - Professor Nick Pidgeon, Director, Understanding Risk Research Group, School of Psychology, Cardiff University. - Dr Anna Rabinovich, School of Psychology, University of Exeter - Rosemary Randall, Founder and director of Cambridge Carbon Footprint - Dr Lorraine Whitmarsh, School of Psychology, Cardiff University 26 Visiting Fellow at the, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research. (Communicating climate change to mass public audience, http://pirc.info/downloads/communicating_climate_mass_audiences.pdf) Simulation and institutional deliberation are valuable and motivate effective responses to climate risksMarx et al 7 (Sabine M, Center for Research on Environmental Decisions (CRED) @ Columbia University, Elke U. Weber, Graduate School of Business and Department of Psychology @ Columbia University, Benjamin S. Orlovea, Department of Environmental Science and Policy @ University of California Davis, Anthony Leiserowitz, Decision Research, David H. Krantz, Department of Psychology @ Columbia University, Carla Roncolia, South East Climate Consortium (SECC), Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering @ University of Georgia and Jennifer Phillips, Bard Centre for Environmental Policy @ Bard College, "Communication and mental processes: Experiential and analytic processing of uncertain climate information", 2007, http://climate.columbia.edu/sitefiles/file/Marx_GEC_2007.pdf) The state is inevitable and an indispensable part of the solution to warmingEckersley 4 Robyn, Reader/Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Melbourne, "The Green State: Rethinking Democracy and Sovereignty", MIT Press, 2004, Google Books, pp. 3-8 Pragmatic warming policy is effective and key to prevent extinctionSimpson 10 (Francis, College of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, "Environmental Pragmatism and its Application to Climate Change The Moral Obligations of Developed and Developing Nations to Avert Climate Change as viewed through Technological Pragmatism", Spring 2010 | Volume 6 | Number 1) Apocalyptic rhetoric is key in warming debates – it hasn’t actually been deployed yetRomm 12 (Joe Romm is a Fellow at American Progress and is the editor of Climate Progress, which New York Times columnist Tom Friedman called "the indispensable blog" and Time magazine named one of the 25 "Best Blogs of 2010.? In 2009, Rolling Stone put Romm ~2388 on its list of 100 "people who are reinventing America." Time named him a "Hero of the Environment? and "The Web’s most influential climate-change blogger." Romm was acting assistant secretary of energy for energy efficiency and renewable energy in 1997, where he oversaw 241 billion in R26D, demonstration, and deployment of low-carbon technology. He is a Senior Fellow at American Progress and holds a Ph.D. in physics from MIT., 2/26/2012, "Apocalypse Not: The Oscars, The Media And The Myth of ’Constant Repetition of Doomsday Messages’ on Climate", http://thinkprogress.org/romm/2012/02/26/432546/apocalypse-not-oscars-media-myth-of-repetition-of-doomsday-messages-on-climate/~~23more-432546) Consensus-based climate science ensures best environmental policyRice 09 (Jennifer Lea, PHD in Phil Thesis, U of Arizona, "MAKING CARBON COUNT: GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND LOCAL CLIMATE GOVERNANCE IN THE UNITED STATES", http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/bitstream/10150/194452/1/azu_etd_10727_sip1_m.pdf~~23page=111) Creating a global ethical commitment to future generations is the ONLY way to appreciate the moral scope of climate change – government policy action must be the primary moral focus to create change and unify supportCallicott 11 – (Oct. 2011, J. Baird, University Distinguished Research Professor and a member of the Department of Philosophy and Religion Studies and the Institute of Applied Sciences at the University of North Texas, "The Temporal and Spatial Scales of Global Climate Change and the Limits of Individualistic and Rationalistic Ethics," Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement, Volume 69, October 2011, pp 101-116, cambridge journals) Individual focus destroys progressive climate politics and forcloses technological solutions to the energy crisis – our primary focus should be rapid development of clean energy technologiesKarlsson 12 – (Nov. 2012, Rasmus, PhD, lecturer at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies in Seoul, South Korea, "Individual Guilt or Collective Progressive Action? Challenging the Strategic Potential of Environmental Citizenship Theory," Environmental Values 21 (2012): 459–474, ingenta) Climate change should be addressed through consequentialism – scientifically proven and most politically effectiveGrasso 12 – (10/12, Marco, Senior Lecturer (Tenured Assistant Professor) in Economic and Political Geography Department of Sociology and Social Research, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, "Climate ethics: with a little help from moral cognitive neuroscience," Environmental Politics, taylor and francis) | 2/2/14 |
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