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NCFLs | Semis | St Francis Mountainview RS | 5 of them |
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Tournament | Round | Report |
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Lexington | 1 | Opponent: Edgemont JI | Judge: Brad Bolman 1AC - Embargo |
NCFLs | Semis | Opponent: St Francis Mountainview RS | Judge: 5 of them NAFTA Small Farmers 1AC - Poverty and Structural Violence |
Pennsbury Falcon Invitational | 1 | Opponent: Baltimore City College BY | Judge: Henry Curtis 1AC - V3 |
States | 1 | Opponent: Unionville CP | Judge: Niesen 1AC - NAFTA Farmers |
Wake Forest | 1 | Opponent: Lakeland LK | Judge: Melanie Campbell 1AC - La Salle - Lifting the Cuban Embargo 1NC - Lakeland - Syria PTX Syria Strike CP Shunning da Shunning CP Spending da neoliberalism K Iran da harms Neg Block - Iran shunning da harms spending 2NR - Spending da |
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Contact InformationTournament: Contact Information | Round: 1 | Opponent: gaykevinjamesgmailcom | Judge: | 1/14/14 |
Cuba 1AC - BandowTournament: Wake Forest | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lakeland LK | Judge: Melanie Campbell WE BEGIN WITH CONTENTION ONE: THE SINS OF OUR FOREFATHERSRATHER THAN ACHIEVING ITS GOALS, THE EMBARGO HAS STIFLED DEMOCRATIC GROWTH AND KEPT THE CASTRO REGIME IN POWER, ALLOWING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES UNDER THEIR RULE. DOUG BANDOW, A SENIOR FELLOW AT THE CATO INSTITUTE DETAILS IN DECEMBER 2012Doug Bandow, senior fellow at the Cato Institute and the author of a number of books on economics and politics. He writes regularly on military non-interventionism, “Time to End the Cuba Embargo,” December 11, 2012. http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/the-pointless-cuba-embargo-7834 During the Cold War, Cuba offered a potential advanced military outpost for the Soviet Union...One of the best definitions of insanity is continuing to do the same thing while expecting to achieve different results. THE EMBARGO’S PURPOSE IS TO DEGRADE THE PEOPLE OF CUBA. DR LOUIS PEREZ, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, EXPLAINS IN 2010 THATDr. Louis A. Perez Jr., the J. Carlyle Sitterson professor of history and the director of the Institute for the Study of the Americas at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Want change in Cuba? End U.S. embargo, September 21, 2010, http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/09/20/perez.cuba.embargo/index.html Fine words. But if the administration really wanted to do something in the national interest, it would end the 50-year-old policy of political and economic isolation of Cuba...(Cuba has one of the highest suicide rates in the world; in 2000, the latest year for which we have statistics, it was 16.4 per 100,000 people.) THE RAMIFICATIONS OF THIS POLICY ISOLATE CUBA FROM THE INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL ECONOMY, ALL THE WHILE PERPETUATING HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES. DOCTOR ALBERTO COLL DEATAILS IN 2007 THATDr. Alberto R. Coll, duel PH. D. and JD from the university of Virginia, Professor of Law and President of International Human Rights Law Institute at DePaul College of Law, formerly of Georgetown University’s department of international relations, Harming Human Rights in the Name of Promoting Them: The Case of the Cuban Embargo, 2007, UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs, Fall, 12 UCLA J. Intand#39;l L. and For. Aff. 199 The Cuban embargo is not a limited set of economic sanctions affecting a few carefully targeted areas of Cuba's government and society...Thus, though the embargo is now promoted as a means of improving human rights, the embargo has had the opposite effect of harming human rights. AND DENIAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FACE SURVIVAL SUBVERTS THE VALUE TO LIFE. DR. DANIEL CALLAHAN EXPLAINS IN HIS 1973 BOOKDaniel Callahan, Co-founder and former director of The Hastings Institute, PhD in philosophy from Harvard University,“The Tyranny of Survival” 1973, p 91-93 There seems to be no imaginable evil which some group is not willing to inflict on another for the sake of survival, no rights, liberties or dignities which it is not ready to suppress. It is easy, of course, to recognize the danger when survival is falsely and manipulatively invoked…It would be the Pyrrhic victory to end all Pyrrhic victories Yet it would be the defeat of all defeats if, because human beings could not properly manage their need to survive, they succeeded in not doing so. CONTENTION TWO: PRIDE COMES BEFORE THE FALLNINE ADMINISTRATIONS AFTER THE EMBARGO WAS ENACTED, THE UNITED STATES REMAINS COMMITTED TO ITS FAILED POLICY. PROFESSOR SILVIA AYUSO DETAILS IN 2012 THATSilvia Ayuso, professor at the University of Navarra IESE Business School, “ANALYSIS: Lifting Cubaand#39;s embargo, a domestic taboo for the US”, 5 Feb 2012 http://article.wn.com/view/2012/02/05/ANALYSIS_Lifting_Cubas_embargo_a_domestic_taboo_for_the_US/#/related_news Half a century and nine US presidents later, Republican presidential hopefuls have faced the same dilemma in recent days. "But ending the embargo is not in the near term." AND THE UNITED STATES HAS FURTHER ISOLATED ITSELF FROM THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITIES’ CRIES TO END THE EMBARGO. CAROL J. WILLIAMS, FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT FOR THE LA TIMES, WRITES IN 2012Carol J. Williams, Los Angeles Times international affairs writer. Former foreign correspondent, 25 years covering Europe, Latin America, Asia and the Middle East., Widely condemned U.S. policy on Cuba unlikely to change soon, 11/16/12, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/nov/16/world/la-fg-wn-us-cuba-embargo-20121115 / Washington and Havana have taken baby steps over the last four years to end some of the more destructive elements of their relationship, like a U.S. prohibition against Cuban Americans'…..Peters said, and#34;there is no way in the world that Cuba is going to be a front-burner issue for President Obama in his second term. THUS ANDREW AND I SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING PLAN: THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE ITS ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT TOWARD CUBA BY REPEALING THE CUBAN DEMOCRACY ACT, THE LIBERTAD ACT , AND THE CACR. FURTHERMORE, CONGRESS SHOULD REMOVE CUBA FROM THE TRADING WITH THE ENEMY ACT. FINALLY, CONGRESS SHOULD AMEND THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT TO INCORPORATE CUBA INTO THE US SPONSORED ECONOMIC AID PROGRAMS. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO DEFINE TERMS AND CLARIFY INTENT.CONTENTION THREE: LOVE THY NEIGHBORDR TRAVIESO-DIAZ IN 2009 EXPAINS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT’S ROLE IN NORMALIZING ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT WITH CUBA…Matias F. Travieso-Diaz, J.D., Columbia University School of Law, Ph.D., The Ohio State University, LIFTING THE CUBAN EMBARGO: THE NEW LABORS OF HERCULES?, 2009, http://www.ascecuba.org/publications/proceedings/volume19/pdfs/traviesodiaz.pdf Whatever the motivating factor, once the decision is made by at least one of the branches of government that the embargo should be lifted or modified, there are several actions that must be taken...Those interested in a smooth transition process should be represented and heavily involved in these efforts. AND ENDING THE EMBARGO WILL BE SUCCESSFUL IN STOPPING HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AND THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO STOP THE EXTREME POVERTY IN CUBA. BANDOW EXPLAINS THAT…Doug Bandow, senior fellow at the Cato Institute and the author of a number of books on economics and politics. He writes regularly on military non-interventionism, “Time to End the Cuba Embargo,” December 11, 2012. http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/the-pointless-cuba-embargo-7834 Ending the embargo would have obvious economic benefits for both Cubans and Americans...Allowing more contact with Americans likely would make that day come sooner. THE TIME IS NOW, US ACTION IS SPECIFICALLY NECESSARY. KATRINA VANDEN HUEVEL, EDITOR OF THE NATION CONCLUDES IN 2013 THAT…Katrina Vanden Huevel, editor, publisher, and part-owner of the magazine The Nation, The US Should end the Cuban Embargo, July 2, 2013, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-07-02/opinions/40316090_1_embargo-limited-private-enterprise-odebrecht Is there a greater example of utter folly than America’s superannuated policy toward Cuba?...But it is long past time for the United States to turn to a policy that will engage Cuba rather than isolate ourselves. WE END OUR AFFIRMATIVE WITH CONTENTION FOUR: REVELATIONFIRST IS THE INTERPRETATION: THE JUDGE SHOULD EVALUATE ONLY WHAT IS PROBABLE NOT WHAT IS POSSIBLE, BECAUSE AS WE ALL KNOW, ANYTHING IS POSSIBLE. PROFESSOR NICHOLAS RESCHER EXPLAINS IN HIS 1983 BOOK THAT:Nicholas Rescher, University of Pittsburgh Professor of Philosophy, “Risk: A Philosophical Introduction to the Theory of Risk Evaluation and Management” 1983 A probability is a number between zero and one. Now numbers between zero and one can get to be very small indeed: As N gets bigger, 1/N will grow very, very small. ...The worst threat is certainly something to be borne in mind and taken into account, but it is emphatically not a satisfactory index of the overall seriousness or gravity of a situation of hazard. SECOND ARE THE STANDARDS FOR EVALUATING ARGUMENTATION: ALL ARGUMENTS SHOULD BE:A. Specific to the policy at hand: Ending the cuban embargo | 4/14/14 |
Cuba 1AC v2 - No BandowTournament: Lexington | Round: 1 | Opponent: Edgemont JI | Judge: Brad Bolman WE BEGIN WITH CONTENTION ONE: THE SINS OF OUR FOREFATHERSTHE EMBARGO CUTS OFF THE CUBAN PEOPLE FROM LIBERTY AND SLOWS THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY AND GROWTH WITHIN CUBA. DANIEL HANSON, DAYNE BATTEN AND HARRISON EALEY EXPLAIN IN 2013Hanson, Batten, and Earley (Daniel Hanson is an economics researcher at the American Enterprise Institute. Dayne Batten is affiliated with the University of North Carolina Department of Public Policy. Harrison Ealey is a financial analyst) January 16, 2013(Daniel, “It's Time For The U.S. To End Its Senseless Embargo Of Cuba,” January 16th, Forbes, Online: http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2013/01/16/its-time-for-the-u-s-to-end-its-senseless- embargo-of-cuba/) Repealing the embargo would fit into an American precedent of lifting trade and travel restrictions to countries who demonstrate progress towards democratic ideals...It is time for the embargo to go. THE EMBARGO’S PURPOSE IS TO DEGRADE THE PEOPLE OF CUBA. DR LOUIS PEREZ, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, EXPLAINS IN 2010 THATDr. Louis A. Perez Jr., the J. Carlyle Sitterson professor of history and the director of the Institute for the Study of the Americas at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Want change in Cuba? End U.S. embargo, September 21, 2010, http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/09/20/perez.cuba.embargo/index.html Fine words. But if the administration really wanted to do something in the national interest, it would end the 50-year-old policy of political and economic isolation of Cuba...(Cuba has one of the highest suicide rates in the world; in 2000, the latest year for which we have statistics, it was 16.4 per 100,000 people.) THE RAMIFICATIONS OF THIS POLICY ISOLATE CUBA FROM THE INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL ECONOMY, ALL THE WHILE PERPETUATING HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES. DOCTOR ALBERTO COLL DEATAILS IN 2007 THATDr. Alberto R. Coll, duel PH. D. and JD from the university of Virginia, Professor of Law and President of International Human Rights Law Institute at DePaul College of Law, formerly of Georgetown University’s department of international relations, Harming Human Rights in the Name of Promoting Them: The Case of the Cuban Embargo, 2007, UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs, Fall, 12 UCLA J. Intand#39;l L. and For. Aff. 199 The Cuban embargo is not a limited set of economic sanctions affecting a few carefully targeted areas of Cuba's government and society...Thus, though the embargo is now promoted as a means of improving human rights, the embargo has had the opposite effect of harming human rights. AND DENIAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FACE SURVIVAL SUBVERTS THE VALUE TO LIFE. DR. DANIEL CALLAHAN EXPLAINS IN HIS 1973 BOOKDaniel Callahan, Co-founder and former director of The Hastings Institute, PhD in philosophy from Harvard University,“The Tyranny of Survival” 1973, p 91-93 There seems to be no imaginable evil which some group is not willing to inflict on another for the sake of survival, no rights, liberties or dignities which it is not ready to suppress. It is easy, of course, to recognize the danger when survival is falsely and manipulatively invoked…It would be the Pyrrhic victory to end all Pyrrhic victories Yet it would be the defeat of all defeats if, because human beings could not properly manage their need to survive, they succeeded in not doing so. CONTENTION TWO: PRIDE COMES BEFORE THE FALLNINE ADMINISTRATIONS AFTER THE EMBARGO WAS ENACTED, THE UNITED STATES REMAINS COMMITTED TO ITS FAILED POLICY. PROFESSOR SILVIA AYUSO DETAILS IN 2012 THATSilvia Ayuso, professor at the University of Navarra IESE Business School, “ANALYSIS: Lifting Cubaand#39;s embargo, a domestic taboo for the US”, 5 Feb 2012 http://article.wn.com/view/2012/02/05/ANALYSIS_Lifting_Cubas_embargo_a_domestic_taboo_for_the_US/#/related_news Half a century and nine US presidents later, Republican presidential hopefuls have faced the same dilemma in recent days. "But ending the embargo is not in the near term." AND THE UNITED STATES HAS FURTHER ISOLATED ITSELF FROM THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITIES’ CRIES TO END THE EMBARGO. CAROL J. WILLIAMS, FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT FOR THE LA TIMES, WRITES IN 2012Carol J. Williams, Los Angeles Times international affairs writer. Former foreign correspondent, 25 years covering Europe, Latin America, Asia and the Middle East., Widely condemned U.S. policy on Cuba unlikely to change soon, 11/16/12, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/nov/16/world/la-fg-wn-us-cuba-embargo-20121115 / Washington and Havana have taken baby steps over the last four years to end some of the more destructive elements of their relationship, like a U.S. prohibition against Cuban Americans'…..Peters said, and#34;there is no way in the world that Cuba is going to be a front-burner issue for President Obama in his second term. THUS ANDREW AND I SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING PLAN: THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE ITS ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT TOWARD CUBA BY REPEALING THE CUBAN DEMOCRACY ACT, THE LIBERTAD ACT , AND THE CACR. FURTHERMORE, CONGRESS SHOULD REMOVE CUBA FROM THE TRADING WITH THE ENEMY ACT. FINALLY, CONGRESS SHOULD AMEND THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT TO INCORPORATE CUBA INTO THE US SPONSORED ECONOMIC AID PROGRAMS. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO DEFINE TERMS AND CLARIFY INTENT.CONTENTION THREE: LOVE THY NEIGHBORDR TRAVIESO-DIAZ IN 2009 EXPAINS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT’S ROLE IN NORMALIZING ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT WITH CUBA…Matias F. Travieso-Diaz, J.D., Columbia University School of Law, Ph.D., The Ohio State University, LIFTING THE CUBAN EMBARGO: THE NEW LABORS OF HERCULES?, 2009, http://www.ascecuba.org/publications/proceedings/volume19/pdfs/traviesodiaz.pdf Whatever the motivating factor, once the decision is made by at least one of the branches of government that the embargo should be lifted or modified, there are several actions that must be taken...Those interested in a smooth transition process should be represented and heavily involved in these efforts. AND ENDING THE EMBARGO WILL BE SUCCESSFUL IN STOPPING HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AND THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO STOP THE EXTREME POVERTY IN CUBA. AUSTIN TYMINS, AUTHOR FOR THE HARVARD POLITICAL REVIEW EXPLAINS IN 2013…Austin Tymins (Austin S. Tymins is a contributor to the Harvard Political Review. As an economics concentrator living in Grays, he is primarily interested in domestic economic policy and Latin America.) “Reexamining the Cuban Embargo.” November 13, 2013. http://harvardpolitics.com/world/reexamining-cuban-embargo To continue this point, the embargo does not affect the entrenched Cuban government but rather harms Cuban citizens...Instead, U.S. policy is used as a scapegoat to cover up the poor economic situation. THE TIME IS NOW, US ACTION IS SPECIFICALLY NECESSARY. KATRINA VANDEN HUEVEL, EDITOR OF THE NATION CONCLUDES IN 2013 THAT…Katrina Vanden Huevel, editor, publisher, and part-owner of the magazine The Nation, The US Should end the Cuban Embargo, July 2, 2013, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-07-02/opinions/40316090_1_embargo-limited-private-enterprise-odebrecht Is there a greater example of utter folly than America’s superannuated policy toward Cuba?...But it is long past time for the United States to turn to a policy that will engage Cuba rather than isolate ourselves. WE END OUR AFFIRMATIVE WITH CONTENTION FOUR: REVELATIONFIRST IS THE INTERPRETATION: THE JUDGE SHOULD EVALUATE ONLY WHAT IS PROBABLE NOT WHAT IS POSSIBLE, BECAUSE AS WE ALL KNOW, ANYTHING IS POSSIBLE. PROFESSOR NICHOLAS RESCHER EXPLAINS IN HIS 1983 BOOK THAT:Nicholas Rescher, University of Pittsburgh Professor of Philosophy, “Risk: A Philosophical Introduction to the Theory of Risk Evaluation and Management” 1983 A probability is a number between zero and one. Now numbers between zero and one can get to be very small indeed: As N gets bigger, 1/N will grow very, very small. ...The worst threat is certainly something to be borne in mind and taken into account, but it is emphatically not a satisfactory index of the overall seriousness or gravity of a situation of hazard. SECOND ARE THE STANDARDS FOR EVALUATING ARGUMENTATION: ALL ARGUMENTS SHOULD BE:A. Specific to the policy at hand: Ending the cuban embargo | 4/14/14 |
Cuba 1AC v3 - Half BandowTournament: Pennsbury Falcon Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Baltimore City College BY | Judge: Henry Curtis WE BEGIN WITH CONTENTION ONE: THE SINS OF OUR FOREFATHERSRATHER THAN ACHIEVING ITS GOALS, THE EMBARGO HAS STIFLED DEMOCRATIC GROWTH AND KEPT THE CASTRO REGIME IN POWER, ALLOWING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES UNDER THEIR RULE. DOUG BANDOW, A SENIOR FELLOW AT THE CATO INSTITUTE DETAILS IN DECEMBER 2012Doug Bandow, senior fellow at the Cato Institute and the author of a number of books on economics and politics. He writes regularly on military non-interventionism, “Time to End the Cuba Embargo,” December 11, 2012. http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/the-pointless-cuba-embargo-7834 During the Cold War, Cuba offered a potential advanced military outpost for the Soviet Union...One of the best definitions of insanity is continuing to do the same thing while expecting to achieve different results. THE EMBARGO’S PURPOSE IS TO DEGRADE THE PEOPLE OF CUBA. DR LOUIS PEREZ, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, EXPLAINS IN 2010 THATDr. Louis A. Perez Jr., the J. Carlyle Sitterson professor of history and the director of the Institute for the Study of the Americas at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Want change in Cuba? End U.S. embargo, September 21, 2010, http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/09/20/perez.cuba.embargo/index.html Fine words. But if the administration really wanted to do something in the national interest, it would end the 50-year-old policy of political and economic isolation of Cuba...(Cuba has one of the highest suicide rates in the world; in 2000, the latest year for which we have statistics, it was 16.4 per 100,000 people.) THE RAMIFICATIONS OF THIS POLICY ISOLATE CUBA FROM THE INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL ECONOMY, ALL THE WHILE PERPETUATING HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES. DOCTOR ALBERTO COLL DEATAILS IN 2007 THATDr. Alberto R. Coll, duel PH. D. and JD from the university of Virginia, Professor of Law and President of International Human Rights Law Institute at DePaul College of Law, formerly of Georgetown University’s department of international relations, Harming Human Rights in the Name of Promoting Them: The Case of the Cuban Embargo, 2007, UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs, Fall, 12 UCLA J. Intand#39;l L. and For. Aff. 199 The Cuban embargo is not a limited set of economic sanctions affecting a few carefully targeted areas of Cuba's government and society...Thus, though the embargo is now promoted as a means of improving human rights, the embargo has had the opposite effect of harming human rights. AND DENIAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FACE SURVIVAL SUBVERTS THE VALUE TO LIFE. DR. DANIEL CALLAHAN EXPLAINS IN HIS 1973 BOOKDaniel Callahan, Co-founder and former director of The Hastings Institute, PhD in philosophy from Harvard University,“The Tyranny of Survival” 1973, p 91-93 There seems to be no imaginable evil which some group is not willing to inflict on another for the sake of survival, no rights, liberties or dignities which it is not ready to suppress. It is easy, of course, to recognize the danger when survival is falsely and manipulatively invoked…It would be the Pyrrhic victory to end all Pyrrhic victories Yet it would be the defeat of all defeats if, because human beings could not properly manage their need to survive, they succeeded in not doing so. CONTENTION TWO: PRIDE COMES BEFORE THE FALLNINE ADMINISTRATIONS AFTER THE EMBARGO WAS ENACTED, THE UNITED STATES REMAINS COMMITTED TO ITS FAILED POLICY. PROFESSOR SILVIA AYUSO DETAILS IN 2012 THATSilvia Ayuso, professor at the University of Navarra IESE Business School, “ANALYSIS: Lifting Cubaand#39;s embargo, a domestic taboo for the US”, 5 Feb 2012 http://article.wn.com/view/2012/02/05/ANALYSIS_Lifting_Cubas_embargo_a_domestic_taboo_for_the_US/#/related_news Half a century and nine US presidents later, Republican presidential hopefuls have faced the same dilemma in recent days. "But ending the embargo is not in the near term." AND THE UNITED STATES HAS FURTHER ISOLATED ITSELF FROM THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITIES’ CRIES TO END THE EMBARGO. CAROL J. WILLIAMS, FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT FOR THE LA TIMES, WRITES IN 2012Carol J. Williams, Los Angeles Times international affairs writer. Former foreign correspondent, 25 years covering Europe, Latin America, Asia and the Middle East., Widely condemned U.S. policy on Cuba unlikely to change soon, 11/16/12, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/nov/16/world/la-fg-wn-us-cuba-embargo-20121115 / Washington and Havana have taken baby steps over the last four years to end some of the more destructive elements of their relationship, like a U.S. prohibition against Cuban Americans'…..Peters said, and#34;there is no way in the world that Cuba is going to be a front-burner issue for President Obama in his second term. THUS ANDREW AND I SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING PLAN: THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE ITS ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT TOWARD CUBA BY REPEALING THE CUBAN DEMOCRACY ACT, THE LIBERTAD ACT , AND THE CACR. FURTHERMORE, CONGRESS SHOULD REMOVE CUBA FROM THE TRADING WITH THE ENEMY ACT. FINALLY, CONGRESS SHOULD AMEND THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT TO INCORPORATE CUBA INTO THE US SPONSORED ECONOMIC AID PROGRAMS. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO DEFINE TERMS AND CLARIFY INTENT.CONTENTION THREE: LOVE THY NEIGHBORDR TRAVIESO-DIAZ IN 2009 EXPAINS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT’S ROLE IN NORMALIZING ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT WITH CUBA…Matias F. Travieso-Diaz, J.D., Columbia University School of Law, Ph.D., The Ohio State University, LIFTING THE CUBAN EMBARGO: THE NEW LABORS OF HERCULES?, 2009, http://www.ascecuba.org/publications/proceedings/volume19/pdfs/traviesodiaz.pdf Whatever the motivating factor, once the decision is made by at least one of the branches of government that the embargo should be lifted or modified, there are several actions that must be taken...Those interested in a smooth transition process should be represented and heavily involved in these efforts. AND ENDING THE EMBARGO WILL BE SUCCESSFUL IN STOPPING HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AND THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO STOP THE EXTREME POVERTY IN CUBA. AUSTIN TYMINS, AUTHOR FOR THE HARVARD POLITICAL REVIEW EXPLAINS IN 2013…Austin Tymins (Austin S. Tymins is a contributor to the Harvard Political Review. As an economics concentrator living in Grays, he is primarily interested in domestic economic policy and Latin America.) “Reexamining the Cuban Embargo.” November 13, 2013. http://harvardpolitics.com/world/reexamining-cuban-embargo To continue this point, the embargo does not affect the entrenched Cuban government but rather harms Cuban citizens...Instead, U.S. policy is used as a scapegoat to cover up the poor economic situation. THE TIME IS NOW, US ACTION IS SPECIFICALLY NECESSARY. KATRINA VANDEN HUEVEL, EDITOR OF THE NATION CONCLUDES IN 2013 THAT…Katrina Vanden Huevel, editor, publisher, and part-owner of the magazine The Nation, The US Should end the Cuban Embargo, July 2, 2013, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-07-02/opinions/40316090_1_embargo-limited-private-enterprise-odebrecht Is there a greater example of utter folly than America’s superannuated policy toward Cuba?...But it is long past time for the United States to turn to a policy that will engage Cuba rather than isolate ourselves. WE END OUR AFFIRMATIVE WITH CONTENTION FOUR: REVELATIONFIRST IS THE INTERPRETATION: THE JUDGE SHOULD EVALUATE ONLY WHAT IS PROBABLE NOT WHAT IS POSSIBLE, BECAUSE AS WE ALL KNOW, ANYTHING IS POSSIBLE. PROFESSOR NICHOLAS RESCHER EXPLAINS IN HIS 1983 BOOK THAT:Nicholas Rescher, University of Pittsburgh Professor of Philosophy, “Risk: A Philosophical Introduction to the Theory of Risk Evaluation and Management” 1983 A probability is a number between zero and one. Now numbers between zero and one can get to be very small indeed: As N gets bigger, 1/N will grow very, very small. ...The worst threat is certainly something to be borne in mind and taken into account, but it is emphatically not a satisfactory index of the overall seriousness or gravity of a situation of hazard. SECOND ARE THE STANDARDS FOR EVALUATING ARGUMENTATION: ALL ARGUMENTS SHOULD BE:A. Specific to the policy at hand: Ending the cuban embargo | 4/14/14 |
NAFTA Farmers 1ACTournament: States | Round: 1 | Opponent: Unionville CP | Judge: Niesen WE BEGIN OUR AFFIRMATIVE WITH CONTENTION ONE: SLOW AND SILENT VIOLENCETHE NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT HAS ENTRENCHED ECONOMIC INEQUALITY IN THE MEXICAN COUNTRYSIDE AND DEVASTATED SMALL FARMERS. POLICY RESEARCHERS AT TUFTS UNIVERSITY MAMERTO PEREZ, SERGIO SCHLESINGER, AND TIMOTHY WISE ARGUE IN 2008 THATMamerto Peréz is an independent researcher from Bolivia who has published extensively on rural development; Sergio Schlesinger is based in Brazil and consults with the Federation of Organizations for Social and Educational Assistance (FASE) and with Food and Water Watch; and Timothy A. Wise is the Deputy Director of the Global Development and Environment Institute (GDAE) at Tufts University, The Promise and the Perils of Agricultural Trade Liberalization, June 2008, http://ase.tufts.edu/gdae/Pubs/rp/AgricWGReportJuly08.pdf If While the promises of agricultural trade liberalization are exaggerated...to informal employment in the cities, or to the United States. THE ENTRENCHMENT OF NEOLIBERALISM IN THE MEXICAN COUNTRYSIDE CREATED TWO DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS:FIRST, RURAL AND INDIGENOUS MEXICANS REMAIN AT RISK OF POVERTY AND STARVATION. LAURA CARLSEN, DIRECTOR OF THE AMERICA’S PROGRAM FOR THE CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL POLICY, DETAILS IN 2011 THATLaura Carlsen, director of the Americas Program for the Center for International Policy in Mexico City, NAFTA Is Starving Mexico, October 20, 2011, http://fpif.org/nafta_is_starving_mexico/ Since the North American Free Trade Agreement...it’s not likely that the news media will pay any attention. SECOND, NAFTA HAS LEAD TO THE INFLUX OF AMERICAN AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS LEADING TO THE DISAPPEARANCE OF THE MEXICAN STAPLE CROP MAIZE. PROFESSORS OF ECONOMICS, ALAN SEALS AND JOACHIM ZIETZ, EXPLAIN IN 2009 THATAlan Seals is a professor of economics at Auburn University. Joachim Zietz is a professor of economics at Middle Tennessee University, “THE DECLINE IN MAIZE PRICES, BIODIVERSITY, AND SUBSISTENCE FARMING IN MEXICO,” The American Economist Volume 54:2, Fall 2009, accessed online 3/12/14 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/article/American-Economist/219656637.html When seen in conjunction with the empirical analysis...immigration to the United States is a likely consequence. FURTHERMORE, MAIZE IS NOT ONLY CRUCIAL TO PHYSICAL SURVIVAL FOR THE RURAL MEXICAN FARMERS, IT IS CRUCIAL TO MEXICAN CULTURAL SURVIVAL. CHRISTINA SANTINI, RESEARCHER AT HARVARD, ILLUSTRATES IN 2006 THATChristina Santini, Researcher in Urban Planning and Development at Harvard University, M.A. from MIT, former employee at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, “The People of the Corn,” Land and Resources in the America’s, 30.4, Winter 2006, http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/mexico/people-corn For Mexicans, maize is not a crop but a deep cultural symbol...maize seed is the legacy we can leave to our children and grandchildren.” AND DENIAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FACE SURVIVAL SUBVERTS THE VALUE TO LIFE. DR. DANIEL CALLAHAN EXPLAINS IN HIS 1973 BOOK THATDaniel Callahan, Co-founder and former director of The Hastings Institute, PhD in philosophy from Harvard University,“The Tyranny of Survival” 1973, p 91-93. Accessed print on 7/7/10. There seems to be no imaginable evil...not properly manage their need to survive, they succeeded in not doing so. CONTENTION TWO IS DELIBERATE IGNORANCEDESPITE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF NAFTA’S FAILURE, NEOLIBERAL POLICY PLANNERS HAVE CONTINUED TO WALK UPON THE “YELLOW BRICK ROAD” OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION DUE TO THE INFLUENCE OF THE UNITED STATES AND ITS’ COLONIAL VISION OF PROSPERITY. CARLSEN DETAILS IN 2003 THATLaura Carlsen, Director, Americas Program, Center For International Policy, The Mexican Farmers' Movement: Exposing the Myths of Free Trade, February 25, 2003, http://www.iatp.org/files/Mexican_Farmers_Movement_Exposing_the_Myths_of.htm Since the "lost decade" of the eighties...and biological and agricultural diversity. THUS ANDREW AND I SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING PLAN: THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD ENGAGE IN A BILATERAL SIDE AGREEMENT UNDER THE NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT WITH THE UNITED STATES OF MEXICO TO PROVIDE FINANCIAL, TECHNICAL, AND INFRASTRUCTURE ASSISTANCE TO SMALL SCALE FARMERS IN MEXICO. FUNDING AND ENFORCEMENT ARE GUARANTEED THROUGH NORMAL MEANS. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO DEFINE TERMS AND CLARIFY INTENT.AND CONTENTION THREE IS LEVELING THE PLAYING FIELDJOHN BURSTEIN IN 2007 DETAILS THE WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS OUTLINING OF THE NECESSARY MEASURES TO IMPROVE SMALL SCALE FARMING IN MEXICOJohn Burstein, El Presidente del Foro para el Desarrollo Sustentable, A.C., a civil society organization that provides professional services to Mexican rural producer groups, he has conducted research on issues of sustainable development and governance for the Inter-American Development Bank and private institutions of international assistance, “U.S.-Mexico Agricultural Trade and Rural Poverty in Mexico,” Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, April 2007, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Mexico_Agriculture_rpt_English1.pdf The problem of widespread rural poverty in Mexico is first...Opportunities to strengthen the binational agricultural and food sector should not be missed. ALAN SEALS AND JOACHIM ZIETZ CONTINUE IN 2009 TO ILLUSTRATE THE KEY ROLE FINANCIAL CREDIT PLAYS IN MAINTAINING A COMPETITIVE SMALL SCALE FARM INDUSTRY IN MEXICO:Alan Seals is a professor of economics at Auburn University. Joachim Zietz is a professor of economics at Middle Tennessee University, “THE DECLINE IN MAIZE PRICES, BIODIVERSITY, AND SUBSISTENCE FARMING IN MEXICO,” The American Economist Volume 54:2, Fall 2009, accessed online 3/12/14 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/article/American-Economist/219656637.html In the light of these results, the key policy issue...rather than from the budget of a single country. AND IN 2007 TIMOTHY WISE CONTINUES TO EXPLAIN THAT PLAN CAN BE IMPLEMENTED UNDER THE FRAMEWORK OF NAFTA:Timothy A. Wise, Director of the Research and Policy Program at the Global Development and Environment Institute, Tufts University, and leads its Globalization and Sustainable Development Program, Policy Space for Mexican Maize: Protecting Agro-biodiversity by Promoting Rural Livelihoods, February 2007, http://www.ase.tufts.edu/gdae/Pubs/wp/07-01MexicanMaize.pdf To protect and promote traditional maize farming...it has to support traditional farmers (WTO 2002; Zahniser 2005). CONTENTION FOUR IS: QUALITY CONTROLFIRST IS THE INTERPRETATION: THE JUDGE SHOULD EVALUATE ONLY WHAT IS IN THE REALM OF PROBABLE NOT WHAT IS POSSIBLE, BECAUSE AS WE ALL KNOW, ANYTHING IS POSSIBLE. PROFESSOR NICHOLAS RESCHER EXPLAINS IN HIS 1983 BOOK THAT:Nicholas Rescher, University of Pittsburgh Professor of Philosophy, “Risk: A Philosophical Introduction to the Theory of Risk Evaluation and Management” 1983 A probability is a number between zero and one...seriousness or gravity of a situation of hazard. SECOND ARE THE STANDARDS FOR EVALUATING ARGUMENTATION: ALL ARGUMENTS SHOULD BE:A. SPECIFIC TO THE POLICY AT HAND: ASSISTANCE FOR MEXICAN FARMERS | 4/14/14 |
NCFLs 1ACTournament: NCFLs | Round: Semis | Opponent: St Francis Mountainview RS | Judge: 5 of them WE BEGIN OUR AFFIRMATIVE WITH CONTENTION ONE - THE RUSENAFTA WAS SOLD ON THE PROMISE OF MUTUAL AND COOPERATIVE PROSPERITY FOR ALL BUT INSTEAD HAS ONLY PROVEN TO BENEFIT THE PRIVILEGED US FARM INDUSTRY. POLICY RESEARCHERS AT TUFTS UNIVERSITY MAMERTO PEREZ, SERGIO SCHLESINGER, AND TIMOTHY WISE ARGUE IN 2008 THATMamerto Peréz is an independent researcher from Bolivia who has published extensively on rural development; Sergio Schlesinger is based in Brazil and consults with the Federation of Organizations for Social and Educational Assistance (FASE) and with Food and Water Watch; and Timothy A. Wise is the Deputy Director of the Global Development and Environment Institute (GDAE) at Tufts University, The Promise and the Perils of Agricultural Trade Liberalization, June 2008, http://ase.tufts.edu/gdae/Pubs/rp/AgricWGReportJuly08.pdf AND THE INFLUX OF MASS PRODUCED US CORN IS DRIVING SMALL SCALE PRODUCERS OFF THEIR LAND. PROFESSORS OF ECONOMICS, ALAN SEALS AND JOACHIM ZIETZ, EXPLAIN IN 2009 THATAlan Seals is a professor of economics at Auburn University. Joachim Zietz is a professor of economics at Middle Tennessee University, “THE DECLINE IN MAIZE PRICES, BIODIVERSITY, AND SUBSISTENCE FARMING IN MEXICO,” The American Economist Volume 54:2, Fall 2009, accessed online 3/12/14 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/article/American-Economist/219656637.html HISTORICALLY SMALL SCALE PRODUCTION IS KEY TO THE PROSPEROUS LIVES OF RURAL MEXICANS. CHRISTINA SANTINI, RESEARCHER AT HARVARD, ILLUSTRATES IN 2006 THATChristina Santini, Researcher in Urban Planning and Development at Harvard University, M.A. from MIT, former employee at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, “The People of the Corn,” Land and Resources in the America’s, 30.4, Winter 2006, http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/mexico/people-corn AND THE NUMBERS ARE DEVASTATING – RURAL AND INDIGENOUS MEXICANS HAVE BEEN FORCED INTO A CYCLE OF MALNUTRITION AND POVERTY. LAURA CARLSEN, DIRECTOR OF THE AMERICA’S PROGRAM FOR THE CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL POLICY, DETAILS IN 2011 THATLaura Carlsen, director of the Americas Program for the Center for International Policy in Mexico City, NAFTA Is Starving Mexico, October 20, 2011, http://fpif.org/nafta_is_starving_mexico/ AND TO EXAMINE WHY THE STATUS QUO CONTINUES TO MASK THE PLIGHT OF THE SMALL SCALE FARMER WE TURN TO CONTENTION TWO - THE DELIBERATE DISINVESTMENTFIRST THE UNITED STATES HAS ARTIFICIALLY CREATED AN ADVANTAGE IN THE CONTINENTAL AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY. DR. ANJALI BROWNING DETAILS IN 2009Anjali Browning, Ph.D. in Cultural Anthropology from UCLA, M.A. in Latin American Studies, “South of Hope: The impacts of US -- Mexican state-level restructuring and faltering corn production on the lives of Indigenous Zapotec maize farmers in Oaxaca,” Mexico, 2009, ProQuest. FURTHERMORE, THE UNITED STATES HAS ACTIVELY INTERVENED IN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM TO DISADVANTAGE MEXICAN AGRICULTURE. CARLSEN CONTINUESLaura Carlsen, Director, Americas Program, Center For International Policy, The Mexican Farmers' Movement: Exposing the Myths of Free Trade, February 25, 2003, http://www.iatp.org/files/Mexican_Farmers_Movement_Exposing_the_Myths_of.htm SECOND, THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT’S ATTEMPTED POLICIES TO COMPETE WITH THE UNITED STATES HAVE FAILED TO INCORPORATE SMALL SCALE FARMERS. BROWNING CONTINUESAnjali Browning, Ph.D. in Cultural Anthropology from UCLA, M.A. in Latin American Studies, “South of Hope: The impacts of US -- Mexican state-level restructuring and faltering corn production on the lives of Indigenous Zapotec maize farmers in Oaxaca,” Mexico, 2009, ProQuest. THUS ANDREW AND I SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING PLAN: THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD ENGAGE IN A BILATERAL SIDE AGREEMENT UNDER THE NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT WITH THE UNITED STATES OF MEXICO TO PROVIDE FINANCIAL, TECHNICAL, AND INFRASTRUCTURE ASSISTANCE TO SMALL SCALE FARMERS IN MEXICO. FUNDING AND ENFORCEMENT ARE | 5/28/14 |
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