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Cites
Entry
Date
Ableism PIC
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The etymology of “standing reserve” is abelist Campbell, Griffith University, 8 (Fiona Kumari, 2008, “Refusing Able(ness): A Preliminary Conversation about Ableism,” M/C Journal, Vol. 11, No. 3 (2008), http://journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/viewArticle/46/0)
The alternative is to embrace the 1AC but reject their flawed rhetoric Cherney, 11 James L. Cherney¶ (Professor in the Department of Communication at Wayne State University) 2011 “The Rhetoric Of Ableism”¶ Disability Studies Quarterly http://dsq-sds.org/article/view/1665/1606
2/22/14
Aid DA
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: USAID is key to Afghanistan-Pak stability- current funding level is key. Gustafson, 13 -- EPIC's founder and executive director Erik, EPIC is an independent think tank dedicated to helping people build a more peaceful, sustainable, democratic society abroad, "For USAID chief, the FY2014 budget is a matter of life and death," EPIC, 4-25-13, www.epic-usa.org/usaid_chief_on_capitol_hill/, accessed 6-27-13
The affirmative plan allocates some of USAID’s money to Mexico which means this money has to come from somewhere—it comes from other USAID projects such as Afghanistan and Pakistan. Foreign assistance funding is zero-sum- plan forces a tradeoff Sessions, 6 -- Center for Global Development program coordinator (Myra, "The PMI Turns One – How Will We Measure Success?," Center for Global Development, blogs.cgdev.org/globalhealth/2006/07/the-pmi-turns-one-how-will-we.php)
Our foreign aid to Pakistan is key to sustaining their country—a collapse could lead to a nuclear lashout and massive conflict Rosenbaum, 11 -- Slate columnist (Ron, How the End Begins: The Road to a Nuclear World War III, March 2011, google books, pg16-19)
The plan takes away USAID projects for food aid to other countries- current funding level is must remain the same Gustafson, 13 -- EPIC's founder and executive director Erik, EPIC is an independent think tank dedicated to helping people build a more peaceful, sustainable, democratic society abroad, "For USAID chief, the FY2014 budget is a matter of life and death," EPIC, 4-25-13, www.epic-usa.org/usaid_chief_on_capitol_hill/, accessed 6-27-13
And here’s more evidence, the plan takes away funding from other USAID projects Sessions, 6 -- Center for Global Development program coordinator (Myra, "The PMI Turns One – How Will We Measure Success?," Center for Global Development, blogs.cgdev.org/globalhealth/2006/07/the-pmi-turns-one-how-will-we.php)
Lack of sufficient USAID funding causes Poverty which is the root cause of sex trafficking and Aids which is a growing epidemic for prostitutes in Mexico – we should structure policies to support them, otherwise the plan increases trafficking aids in places all around the world that will lack USAID funding. Wash Post 8 (Ceci Connolly, The Washington Post, “Tijuana's AIDS Epidemic Is a Binational Threat”, 8-1-8, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/01/AR2008080102913_4.html?sid=ST2008080100738) MaxL
6/15/14
Anthropocentrism K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: By positing the 1AC from the univocal perspective of humans, their colonization narrative replicates anthropocentrism Spicer ’05 Arwen, Ph.D. in English Literature, literature and environment emphasis, University of Oregon, 2005 Toward Sustainable Change: The Legacy of William Morris, George Bernard Shaw, And H. G. Wells In the Ecological Discourse of Contemporary Science Fiction, JasonW
Anthro causes everything to become extinct Roger Gottleib, professor of humanities at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Cross Currents, “Ethics and Trauma: Levinas, Feminism, and Deep Ecology” 1994 http://www.crosscurrents.org/feministecology.htm *Modified for use of the word Holocaust
The alternative is to endorse a thought experiment of the voluntary global suicide of humanity Kochi 8 (Tarik is a lecturer in the school of Law, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, “An Argument for the Global Suicide of Humanity,” December 2008, Vol. 7 No. 3, http://www.borderlands.net.au/vol7no3_2008/kochiordan_argument.pdf)
2/22/14
Anti-blackness K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The only ethical demand of modern politics is that of the savage and the slave the call for the end of America to expose the grammar of suffering of the calls for institutional access as a fortification of White Settler civil Society by its focus on policies as opposed to the apriori question of it’s very existence. Their silence renders them unaccountable to the political ontology of Redness and Blackness setting the stage for dramas of conflicts made possible by Settler and Savage, Master and Slave. Wilderson 2010 Frank B., killed apartheid officials in South Africa, nuff said, Red, White and Black: Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms, pages 1-5
The affirmative ignores the gratuitousness of antiblack violence and enshrines the call for public policy as the limit of our demands. It is this libidinal economy of anti-blackness which exists as the condition of possibility for the violence of the world. Wilderson 2010
Frank B., again, dude straight up MURKED white supremacists like buk buk, Red, White and Black: Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms, pages 10-11
The alternative is to reject the affirmative and reorient ourselves towards the world through an unflinching paradigmatic analysis Wilderson 10 Frank B. III, Ph.D., Associate Professor at UC Irvine, former ANC member, “on some guerilla shit”, Red, White and Black: Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms, pages ix-x, OG
Life will not change for the better absent an assault on the establishment. That doesn’t mean we will live to enjoy the fruits of the revolution but it DOES mean that we should pursue revolutionary suicide because death is inevitable and this is the only one worth pursuing. Huey P. Newton 1973, Co-founder of the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, Revolutionary Suicide, pages 2-6
If our alternative leads to violent revolution, that most definitely solves George Jackson1972, Revolutionary, Blood in My Eye, pages 59-62
Their calls to prevent wars just gloss over the ongoing living apocalypse for people of color. Rodriguez 2008, (Dylan, Associate Professor at University of California Riverside, " WARFARE AND THE TERMS OFENGAGEMENT," in Abolition Now: Ten Years of Strategy and Struggle against the Prison Industrial Complex, p.93-100.)
Policy is only going to come after our radical abolitionist pedagogy starts to go into effect. Dylan Rodriguez, D Rod Will Make Ya Jump, “Disorientation of the Teaching Act: Abolition as Pedagogical Position”, Radical Teacher, Number 88, Summer 2010, p. 7-19
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Either the harms to the 1AC are true and they cannot solve for extinction before they control the levers of power OR their harms are constructed for the purpose of alarmism Kurasawa 4 – Professor of Sociology, York University of Toronto, Fuyuki, “Cautionary Tales: The Global Culture of Prevention and the Work of Foresight”, Constellations Volume 11, No 4, http://www.yorku.ca/kurasawa/Kurasawa20Articles/Constellations20Article.pdf
Their logic results in endless war and an ever-expanding presidency Rana 2011 (Aziz, Assistant Professor of Law @ Cornell. “Responses to the Ten Questions.” William Mitchell Law Review, 37 Wm. Mitchell L. Rev. 5099)
The PARADOX OF RISK makes this issue NOT resolvable by weighing the plan. Kessler 2008 (Oliver Kessler, Sociology at University of Bielefeld, “From Insecurity to Uncertainty: Risk and the Paradox of Security Politics” Alternatives 33 (2008), 211-232)
The alternative is to reject the apocalyptic frames of the 1AC Representations of apocalypse colonize the debate towards pressure for fast invasion and warmongering Goodnight 2010 (G. Thomas Goodnight is Professor and Director of Doctoral Studies at the Annenberg School for Communication, the University of Southern California in Los Angeles; "The Metapolitics of the 2002 Iraq Debate: Public Policy and the Network Imaginary", Rhetoric and Public Affairs Volume 13, Number 1, Spring 2010)
6/15/14
Baurdillard K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: We are living “after the orgy”—their struggle for liberation does nothing more than feed status quo tactics of domination—they create a culture of representative freedom without any real agency. Baudrillard 90. Jean Baudrillard, French philosopher, writer, and professor of sociology at the Universite de Paris-X, The Transparency of Evil: Essays on Extreme Phenomena, Verso Books 1990.
They make the aff hyperreal—vote neg Baudrillard, ’92 (Jean, Pataphysics of Year 2000, online)
6/15/14
Bifo K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The 1ac criticism opens potlatch as an unending criticism which transforms the debate space into a spectacle of social labor inevitably mired within the logic of consumption through the political economy of the ballot. Bifo '7 (Franco Berardi, Professor of Social History of Communication at the Academia di belle Arti in Milan, and Founder of A/traverse, Technology and Knowledge in a Universe of Indetermination, SubStance #112, Vol. 36 no. 1, trans. Giuseppina Mecchia, pp. 68-72)
Against the symbolic act of mobilizing the potlatch within the debate vote neg as a meaningless expenditure to exhaust debate. Their attempt to invest potlatch with symbolic activity only strengthens the hands of neoliberal economics. Bifo '11 (Franco Berardi, Professor of Social History and Communication at the Academia di belle Arti in Milan and Founder of A/Traverse, After the Future, ed. Genesko26Thoburn, AKPress, p. 135-139)
The “Prozac culture” of the cognitive worker only provides a temporary high—the affirmative’s attempted use of amphetamines guarantees the crash Bifo 9 (Franco, “The Soul at Work: From Alienation to Autonomy”, p. 167)
2/22/14
BioTerrorism K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Bioterror rhetoric obscures structural violence and has no basis Finnegan 11 Cara A., Associate Professor in the Departments of Speech Communication and Art History at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Quarterly Journal of Speech Volume 97, Issue 2, 2011 Review Essay: Addressing the Epidemic of Epidemics: Germs, Security, and a Call for Biocriticism View full text Download full text Full access DOI:10.1080/00335630.2011.565785 Cara A. Finnegan pages 224-244 Available online: 29 Apr 2011
2/22/14
Biodiversity Bad Turns
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Small-scale extinction good – encourages evolution and environmental stability Boulter 2 (Michael, professor of paleobiology at the University of East London Extinction: Evolution and the End of Man, p 170)
Biodiversity loss key to evolutionary changes—prevents total extinction from stagnation Boutler 2 Michael, professor for paleobiology at the Natural History Museum and the University of East London. Launched Fossil Record 2, editor Palaeontological Association, secretary International Organisation of Palaeobotany and UK representative at the International Union of Biological Sciences, "Extinction: Evolution and the End of Man" p. 170-171
Diversity is comparatively worse – prefer our evidence on this question – we subsume their argument Heath 99 (Jim, started his career in applied mathematics and engineering, he has published books and long articles on the security of oil supplies, electronic encryption, dog psychology, the inside story of debt collection, insect pests, water supplies, and more, Orchids Australia, December, http://www.orchidsaustralia.com/whysave.htm)
2/22/14
Bioregionalism K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Society is driven towards the insular fantasy of technology as a guard against feelings of anxiety and the threat of natural disaster- leads to annihilation. Dodds ‘12 (Joseph, MPhil, Psychoanalytic Studies, Sheffield University, UK, MA, Psychoanalytic Studies, Sheffield University, UK BSc, Psychology and Neuroscience, Manchester University, UK, Chartered Psychologist (CPsychol) of the British Psychological Society (BPS), and a member of several other professional organizations such as the International Neuropsychoanalysis Society, Psychoanalysis and Ecology at the Edge of Chaos p 70) *Gender Modified
Bioregions create balance and harmony in biotic communities. This ends ends humanities race to use technological to fixes to the problems that we, ourselves, caused in the first place through our attempt to control nature and its processes. Jacobson 92 (Joseph A. Jacobson, Masters in Environmental Studies at the Evergreen State College, “Bioregionalism: building a local sustainable culture”, June 1992, pages 9-11, http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Jacobson_JA-Thesis1992.pdf)
6/15/14
Biosphere K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Things like “environmental racism,” “environmental justice,” and “ecological balance or purity” are all just violent fantasies that rely on falsely dichotomizing self and other and imposing an anthropocentric capitalist subjectivity onto nature, turning solvency for the case – the Aff’s attempt to purge destruction and imbalance from our biosphere just results in error replication and mass extermination through nuclear or biological means. Baudrillard ‘94 (Jean, “The Illusion of the End”, 1984, p. 80-84) m leap
2/22/14
Biotech Bad Turns
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Biotechnology is not inevitable—this type of thinking is a self-fulfilling prophecy that enables the production of biotechnology McLean 3 (Margaret R. McLean, Ph.D. is the Director of Biotechnology and Health Care Ethics at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University, 8/3/03, “A Framework for Thinking Ethically About Human Biotechnology”, http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/submitted/mclean/biotechframework.html)
Biofuels are bad two impact scenarios— A) Dead zones—that will increase the use of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers that will run off into the Gulf of Mexico creating a ‘dead zone’ Runge and Senauer ‘8 /Distinguished McKnight University Professor of Applied Economics and Law at the University of Minnesota and Professor of Applied Economics at the University of Minnesota/ C. Ford and Benjamin, “How Ethanol Fuels the Food Crisis”, Foreign Affairs, http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20080528faupdate87376/c-ford-runge-benjamin-senauer/how-ethanol-fuels-the-food-crisis.html?mode=print, May 28
And, that ecological damage triggers extinciton Blaire in ‘5 /Pulitzer Prize Winner, President of the environment health advocacy group, Valley Watch/ John, Sep 5th, “Should New Orleans be Rebuilt?”, Counter Punch Newsletter, http://www.counterpunch.org/blair09052005.html
Biotech destroys the environment Rifkin ‘98 – president of The Foundation on Economic Trends – 1998 (“The Biotech Century,” http://www.emagazine.com/view/?632,)
Extinction Warner 94 Paul Warner, American University, Dept of International Politics and Foreign Policy, August, Politics and Life Sciences, 1994, p 177
Biotech creates monocultures Hickey and Mittal—03 Ellen Hickey and Anuradha Mittal, Program Coordinator @ Pesticide Action Network North America and Co-director of the Institute for Food and Development Policy “Voices from the South: The Third World Debunks Corporate Myths on Genetically Engineered Crops”, A joint project of Food First/Institute for Food and Development Policy and Pesticide Action Network North America, May)
The impact is extinction Fowler and Mooney, ’90 Cary and Pat, Rural Advancement Fund International, Shattering: Food, Politics, and the Loss of Genetic Diversity, p. ix
BIOTECH LEADS TO NEW SUPER-PATHOGENS AND VIRUSES – TURNS CASE Cummins and Lilliston 00 – director of the Organic Consumers Association and editor of BioDemocracy News; writer on health and the environment and communications coordinator for the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy Ronnie Cummins (director of the Organic Consumers Association and editor of BioDemocracy News) and Ben Lilliston (writer on health and the environment, communications coordinator for the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy) 2000 Genetically Engineered Food p.43-44
BIOTECH LEADS TO MONOCULTURES AND CROPS THAT ARE VULNERABLE TO INSECTS AND VIRUSES CAUSES CROP LOSS. Rifkin 98 – American economist, founder and president of the Foundation on Economic Trends Jeremy Rifkin, the founder and president of the Foundation on Economic Trends, is an American economist, writer, and public speaker. The Biotech Century. p.113. 1998
IF WE WIN A LINK TO MONOCULTURE, THEY CAN’T SOLVE ANY OF THEIR BIOTECH GOOD ARGUMENTS Hickey and Mittal 03 – Program Coordinator @ Pesticide Action Network North America and Co-director of the Institute for Food and Development Policy Ellen Hickey and Anuradha Mittal, Voices from the South: The Third World Debunks Corporate Myths on Genetically Engineered Crops, A joint project of Food First/Institute for Food and Development Policy and Pesticide Action Network North America, May 2003, Pg. 16
2/22/14
Brazil Sugar DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Plan kills Brazil’s sugar industry. Miami Herald 02 (6/26/02, “Cuba embargo under fire - Sally Grooms Cowal's Group cites benefits for U.S.,” http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/706185/posts)//DR. H
Nuclear war. Shulz 2k (Donald, Research Professor of National Security Policy at the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College THE UNITED STATES AND LATIN AMERICA: SHAPING AN ELUSIVE FUTURE, March)
2/22/14
Burke K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Everything ends, no one is immortal – the affirmative’s resentment of insecurity drives them to attempt and order a safer world Der Derrian 98 James, Watson Institute research professor of international studies at Brown University, “The Values of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, JSTOR
Policymakers’ attempts to impose order and certainty on the world result in constant war and violence Burke in 2007 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, Volume 10, Issue 2, 2007, pMUSE, cheek)
6/15/14
Capitalism K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The affirmative’s focus on certain “isms” is a distraction mechanism that prevents a universalist opposition to oppression – this obscuring of capital’s influence on identity makes class another rhetorical marker for isolated instances of oppression that distracts us from the perpetuation of sociopolitical conflict Zizek 2K Slavoj Zizek, Senior Researcher at the Institute for Social Studies in Ljubljana, 2000, Contingency, Hegemony, Universality, p. 95-97
This cooption of individual bodies within liberal democracy means identity becomes subject to external ideology – collapsing the barriers of class difference stops the devaluation of life and solves the root cause of structural violence Kovacevic 9 Natasa, Assistant professor, Ph.D., Eastern Michigan University, “The Obscene Underside of Liberal Democracy: Slavoj Zizek” http://www.politicsandculture.org/2009/10/02/the-obscene-underside-of-liberal-democracy-slavoj-zizek-natasa-kovacevic/
Vote negative as an affirmation of an unconditional fidelity to a universal struggle for emancipation from capitalism. Do not fall victim to the false dilemma of alternative solvency – whether or not the alternative succeeds or results in authoritarian fallback is an irrelevant question that makes permutations impossible – Maoist violence resulted from the focus on creating a New World Order and caused social movements to fail – we must instead take a leap of faith Zizek 8 Slavoj; senior researcher @ U of Ljubjlana; In Defense of Lost Causes; p. 202-210
2/22/14
Caribbean Economy DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Lifting the embargo devastates the Carribbean economy Daraine Luton, 11- ‘8 (“Bahamas, Jamaica and Caymans tourism may suffer after end of US Embargo”, Havana Journal)
Economic collapse guarantees Caribbean instability Evans Research Associate for the Council on Hemispheric Affairs ‘5 (Sara, “Callousness Redefined: How EU and US Economic Policies Spell a Bitter End for the Caribbean Sugar Industry,” June 27, http://www.spectrezine.org/LatinAmerica/sugar.htm, Mike)
That causes destruction John D. Steinbruner, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution, “Biological Weapons: A Plague Upon All Houses,” FOREIGN POLICY n. 109, Winter 1997/1998, pp. 85-96, ASP.
2/22/14
China CP
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Text: The People’s Republic of China should provide assistance and investment in renewable technology to Mexico.
We get the only internal link to modeling – China is a global leader in renewables
Also the card cites China’s leadership in PV panels, the only type of energy specified in the 1ac other than wind WorldWatch Institute 13 (China on Pace to Become Global Leader in Renewable Energy, cites “Powering China’s Development: The Role of Renewable Energy” (2007) written by WorldWatch senior fellow Eric Martinot and Vice Chair of China’s Renewable Energy Society in Beijing, Li Junfeng, http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5497OP)
2/22/14
China K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Their very understanding of China is locked in a mentality of paranoid threat construction Seng 2—Head of Research for Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Singapore. PhD (Tan See, What Fear Hath Wrought: Missile Hysteria and The Writing of “America”, July 2002, http://www.rsis.edu.sg/publications/WorkingPapers/WP28.PDF, AMiles)
Their portrayal is one that is value laden and draws lines between the American self and the Chinese Other. Pan 04. Chengxin Pan, professor of political science and international relations at Australian National University, “The ‘China Threat’ in American Self-Imagination: The Discursive Construction of Other as Power Politics,” Alternatives 29, 2004, pg. 305-331
2/22/14
China Sphere of Influence DA
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Increased engagement with Cuba crowds out China, which they perceive as critical to foreign policy goals Perez ’10 (JD Yale Law School 2010 David “America's Cuba Policy: The Way Forward: A Policy Recommendation for the U.S. State Department” Harvard Latino Law Review lexis)
Causes war Yardley 5 (Jim Yardley and Thom Shanker (Staff Writers – Jim reported from Zhanjiang and Thom reported from Washington.) ”Chinese Navy Buildup Gives Pentagon New Worries.” The New York Times. April 8, 2005)
Goes global and nuclear Hunkovic 9 (Lee J, American Military University, “The Chinese-Taiwanese Conflict: Possible Futures of a Confrontation between China, Taiwan and the United States of America”, http://www.lamp-method.org/eCommons/ Hunkovic.pdf)
6/15/14
Climate Apocalypticism K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Imaginaries of climatic apocalypticism are profoundly depoliticizing—appeals to a singular human fate objectify nature and ensure nothing changes. Swyngedouw ‘13 Erik, Professor of Geography at the University of Manchester in its School of Environment and Development, “Apocalypse Now! Fear and Doomsday Pleasures,” Capitalism Nature Socialism, 2013 Vol. 24, No. 1, 918
The impact is unending structural violence and apocalyptic environmental destruction along the periphery Swyngedouw ‘13 Erik, Professor of Geography at the University of Manchester in its School of Environment and Development, “Apocalypse Now! Fear and Doomsday Pleasures,” Capitalism Nature Socialism, 2013 Vol. 24, No. 1, 918
6/15/14
Collapse K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: State collapse is inevitable – the only question is whether it causes extinction because humanity won’t abandoned it yet. The link is linear, abandoning the state is key Beres ‘94 (Louis Rene Beres, Professor @ Purdue University, SPRING, 1994, Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law, SELF-DETERMINATION, INTERNATIONAL LAW AND SURVIVAL ON PLANET EARTH, pg. Ln)
Aligning with the perspective of the USFG destroys agency. Defending engagement allows unchecked nuclear preemption and adventurism Shaffer ‘10 – teaches at the Southwestern University School of Law. B.S., Law, 1958, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; B.A., Political Science, 1959, and J.D., 1961, University of Chicago; Member, Colorado and Nebraska State Bars (Butler, April 14, How We Lost Our Souls, http://www.lewrockwell.com/shaffer/ shaffer214.html) m leap
2/22/14
Coloniality K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: The idea of producing a transcript of reality as from a position of observation and reportage constitutes knowledge on the basis of coloniality—the epistemology begins from the presupposition of centered colonial power—its not about the content its about the location of the speaker Mignolo 2009 (Walter, Professor of Humanities at Duke, Theory, Culture, and Society 26.7/8, “Epistemic Disobedience, Independent Thought and De-Colonial Freedom”) Even radical critics of Western reason and advocats for progressives causes still operate within colonial time, fixing a Euro-centric imaginary—even the idea that their performance or intervention somehow alleviates conditions or improves current existence relies on a conservative imagination of a world resembling coloniality Alcoff 2007 (Linda, Professor at Syracuse University, “Mignolo’s Epistemology of Coloniality” The New Centennial Review 7.3)
The plan’s economic engagement becomes a Trojan horse for American mass media control Schiller ‘91 Herbert I. Schiller (1991), American “Not yet the post?imperialist era”, Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 8:1, 13-28
The alternative is to decolonize Latin America through the empowerment of Latin American culture, allowing the cultural imperialism to be stopped dead in its tracks. Adopt the ethic of Caliban, halted by his past, but open to the future, and able to discover the pre-colonial self. Said 93 (Edward W., Post Colonial philosopher, author or Orientalism, “Culture and Imperialism,” p. 212-14.) CEFS
2/22/14
Complexity K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The reductionist mentality of the 1AC ignores complexity theory – only way to avoid extinction level threats Saperstein 97 (ALVIN M. SAPERSTEIN is a professor of physics and fellow of the Center for Peace and Conflict Studies at Wayne State University. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Dr. Saperstein has published several books and articles on physics, energy, environment, military strategy and tactics, arms control, and dynamical modeling of international relations. 1997, “Complexity, Chaos, and National Security Policy: Metaphors or Tools?”, http://www.dodccrp.org/files/Alberts_Complexity_Global.pdf, p. 157)
Rethinking linearity is key to solve extinction. Skyttner 05 (Lars, professor of natural science – University of Gâvle, professor – Royal Swedish Military Academy, “Systems theory and the science of military command and control,” Kybernetes Vol. 34, Issue 7/8, p. 1240-1260)
The alternative is to reject the affirmative in favor of a method that is based on complexity. Only complexity theory can produce successful policies and predictions. Rosenau 97 (James N. Rosenau, president of the international studies association, professor of international affairs at GW, “Many Damn Things Simultaneously: Complexity Theory and World Affairs,” Complexity, Politics, and National Security pg. 37)
Their risk calculations are methodologically flawed. Brown 11 – (Gerald, professor of Operations Research Department – Naval Postgraduate School, “Making Terrorism Risk Analysis Less Harmful and More Useful: Another Try,” Risk Analysis Vol. 31, Issue 2)
The butterfly effect makes complex systems inherently unstable. Rosenau 97 (James N. Rosenau, president of the international studies association, professor of international affairs at GW, “Many Damn Things Simultaneously: Complexity Theory and World Affairs,” Complexity, Politics, and National Security pg. 37)
6/15/14
Cooperation K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Attempting to cooperate for the sake of cooperation only makes differences worse Oberg 10-NBC news space analyst, spent 22 years at NASA's Johnson Space Center as a Mission Control operator and an orbital designer. He is also an expert on Soviet and Russian space policy and author of the book "Star-Crossed Orbits: Inside the U.S.-Russian Space Alliance." (James, “The Right and Wrong stuff for space cooperation,” 6/28/10, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/37986760/ns/technology_and_science-space/t/right-wrong-stuff-space-cooperation/, CJC)
Socio-political inequalities between states make aff impossible and lead to co-optation by the right Hiebert 3-¬ Research analyst on migration and globalization, Guest Professor in Memory of Willy Brandt at Malmö University, in Sweden (Daniel, “A Borderless World: Dream or Nightmare?,” 2003, http://www.acme-journal.org/vol2/Hiebert.pdf, CJC)
Aff only reproduces neoliberal ideologies turning the case- STAR THIS CARD Tuathail 99 – Professor of Geography at Virginia Tech (Gearóid, “ Borderless worlds? Problematizing discourses of deterritorialization,” May 1999, http://www.nvc.vt.edu/toalg/Website/Publish/papers/Borderless.htm, CJC)
They just perpetuates Neoliberal mentalities causes Genocide Tuathail 99 – Professor of Geography at Virginia Tech (Gearóid, “ Borderless worlds? Problematizing discourses of deterritorialization,” May 1999, http://www.nvc.vt.edu/toalg/Website/Publish/papers/Borderless.htm, CJC)
2/22/14
Cooperativism K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: US models of economic engagement towards Mexico, Cuba and Venezuela extend a trend of plutocratic restructuring designed to hollow out public institutions and squash progressive social movements in the service of raw export extraction through the vehicle of schemas of hegemonic knowledge designed for domination and immiseration Lander ‘2, (Edgardo, Prof. of Sociology and Latin American studies at the Venezuelan Central University in Caracas, “Eurocentrism, Modern Knowledges, and the “Natural” Order of Global Capital, Nepantla: Views from South”, 3.2, muse)
The impact is extinction – corporatist monocultures force conformity to a single mode of being – non-conforming lifeforms are externalized through violence Lander ‘2, (Edgardo, Prof. of Sociology and Latin American studies at the Venezuelan Central University in Caracas, “Eurocentrism, Modern Knowledges, and the “Natural” Order of Global Capital, Nepantla: Views from South”, 3.2, muse)
The impulse to regulate optimum societal outcomes through market-based approaches terminates in the absolute demolition of social value Harvey '5 David, David Harvey is the Distinguished Professor of Anthropology and Geography at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. "A Brief History of Neoliberalism" http://messhall.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/A-Brief-History-of-Neoliberalism.pdf, xdi
Only a decision-making calculus that privileges working class LIFE OVER neoliberal valorization of CAPITAL can DE-LINK economic growth from environmental destruction -- failure to articulate this political calculus results in planetary devastation Harvey '5 David, David Harvey is the Distinguished Professor of Anthropology and Geography at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. "A Brief History of Neoliberalism" http://messhall.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/A-Brief-History-of-Neoliberalism.pdf, xdi
Our alternative is to call for a paradigm shift in social relations towards a more equitable distribution of resources. This is a decision-making framework that recognizes a material foundation for autonomy as a prerequisite to democratic communication. Briscoe '12 Felicia, Professor of Education at UTSA, "Anarchist, Neoliberal, and Democratic Decision-Making: Deepening the Joy in Learning and Teaching" Education Studies, Vol. 48, Issue 1 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00131946.2011.637257#preview, xdi
We are not a critique of capitalism but rather the hegemony of neoclassical economics which places profit-motive above human well-being. Our alternative embraces a form of cooperative economics to drive an economy for the people by the people with a proven track-record of success. Our alternative empowers the autonomy of the many to end the stranglehold of power by the few. Our approach understand the fundamental prerequisite of democratizing the workplace to altering material relations of power Stone and Bowman '11 Betsy Bowman and Bob Stone, scholar-activists and co-founders of the Center for Global Justice "Cooperativization on the Mondragón Model As Alternative to Globalizing Capitalism" 11/15 http://www.globaljusticecenter.org/2011/11/15/cooperativization-on/, xdi
Even if there is no concrete alternative to plutocracy, using the debate space to criticize inequality incentivizes research practices that are more attuned to everyday human life and the impact of economics on ecological systems -- only this move can prioritize the solidarity of vulnerable communities Nixon ‘11 (Rob, Rachel Carson Professor of English, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor, pgs. 14-16)
2/22/14
Cuban Neoliberalism K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Cuba is resisting neolib now---however, inclusion into the global market would destroy that example, which leads to dehumanization Malott ‘5 (Professor at Brooklyn College, City College of New York, and D’Youville College; “Cuban Education in Neo-liberal Times: Socialist Revolutionaries and State Capitalism”; 2005; Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies)JFIII
Neoliberalism’s end point is extinction Darder 10 (Professor Antonia Darder, Distinguished Professor of Education, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, “Preface” in Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement by Richard V. Kahn, 2010, pp. x-xiii)
2/22/14
Cyber Security K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Apocalyptic cyber rhetoric causes serial policy failure, resulting in MORE cyber insecurity. Dunlap ‘13 Charles J. Dunlap, Jr. Major General, USAF (Ret.), Executive Director, Center on Law, Ethics, and National Security, Duke University School of Law. The Intersection of Law and Ethics in Cyberwar: Some Reflections. ETB
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The time for the unification of people against domination is now Haraway 91 Donna, former professor of Women’s Studies and the History of Science at the University of Hawaii and Johns Hopkins University, 1991, Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: the Reinvention of Nature, p. 154 AS
Dominance is closely linked to male competition for resources – females have become the natural resource for males killing ontology Haraway 91 Donna, former professor of Women’s Studies and the History of Science at the University of Hawaii and Johns Hopkins University, 1991, Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: the Reinvention of Nature, p. 25-26 AS
Violence and war is inevitable in a society where males dominate. Contemporary human groups are dominated by males – we must face our nature in order to control the problem. Haraway 91 Donna, former professor of Women’s Studies and the History of Science at the University of Hawaii and Johns Hopkins University, 1991, Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: the Reinvention of Nature, p. 35 AS
. We align ourselves as cyborgs – a mixture of both organism and technology – to live in only technology kills autonomy and the creation of your own ontology - to reject it entirely makes us slaves to dehumanizing truth claims. Kunzru 96 - studied English at Oxford University and an MA in Philosophy and Literature from Warwick University. (“You Are Cyborg”,1996, http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/5.02/ffharaway_pr.html)
6/15/14
Cyclist CP
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: CP Text: We affirm the intimate expenditure of human energy through manual transportation
The cyclist and the walker both epitomize intimate expenditure of energy without reserve – human use is the only sustainable and erotic form of expenditure. Stoekl 7 (Alan Stoekl, professor of French and comparative literature at Penn State University, “Bataille’s Peak: Energy, Religion and Postsustainability,” 2007, p.189-191) CC
2/22/14
DeDev DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Economic collapse is inevitable – we far surpassed sustainable resource levels Trainer 11 (Ted, is Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work, University of New South Wales (Australia); lecturer and author of books regarding the transition to a sustainable society. Trainer is the organizer of "The Simpler Way: Analyses of global problems and the sustainable alternative society" June 1/11 “The Simpler Way perspective on the global predicament” http://ukiahcommunityblog.wordpress.com/2011/06/01/ted-trainer-the-simpler-way-perspective-on-the-global-predicament/)// CG
Growth cannot continue exponentially – we need to end it now to solve an environmental crisis – tech can’t solve Brent 11 – frequent contributor to Countercurrents, expert on population issues (Jason, “Cessation Of Growth: Voluntary And Coercive Population Control,” http://www.countercurrents.org/brent180711.htm, dml)
Collapse now is key to prevent extinction Barry 8 – President and Founder of Ecological Internet, Ph.D. in Land Resources from U-Wisconsin-Madison (Glen, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm)
Development makes global pandemics inevitable---causes extinction Krepinevich 9 (Andrew, President of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments and Distinguished Visiting Professor @ George Mason's School of Public Policy, Congressional Consultant on Military Affairs, PhD Harvard, "7 Deadly Scenarios," February)
DeDev cause cultural shift that solves inevitable extinction– growth causes agricultural collapse, environmental destruction, and nuclear war Djordjevic 98 – Interdisciplinary Minor in Global Sustainability Senior Seminar University of California, Irvine, (Johnny, March, “Sustainability,” http://www.dbc.uci.edu/sustain/global/sensem/djordj98.html)
2/22/14
Debris DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Debris is reaching its tipping point. A single collision could threaten communication and lives. Blake, investigative reporter for The Daily Telegraph, 11 Heidi, The Daily Telegraph, 2/1, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/heidi-blake/ JS
Destruction of communication causes pre-emption. Tellis, 07 - Senior Associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Ashley, Survival, Autumn, “China’s Military Space Strategy”, ingenta)
2/22/14
Democracy K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Their Left bullshit is a lie – Democracy creates a functional apartheid by separating out ethnicities and groups into different communities Amin 1 (Samir- Director of the African Office of the Third World Forum, Monthly Review, http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=oandd=5002405454) CC
Leads to war against non-democracies Daase 6 (Christopher, Chair in International Organisation, University of Frankfurt, “Democratic Wars”, pg. 77) ?
Legitimizes violence Hussain 6 (Faheem, theoretical physicist, “Democracy and violence” 2006, www.zcommunications.org/democracy-and-violence-by-faheem-hussain.pdf) CC
Destroys the environment Li and Reuveny 7 (Quan, Prof of political science at Penn State; Rafael, prof of public and environmental affairs @ Indiana U, “The Effects of Liberalism on the Terrestrial Environment” http://cmp.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/24/3/219) CC
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Democracy focus is paranoia---it’s a strategy to distract from domestic affairs Kapoor 5 Associate Professor of Environmental Studies, 2005 Ilan, “Participatory Development, Complicity, and Desire.” Third World Quarterly Vol. 26 Iss. 8 Novermber Pd = participatory development
Notions of US legal prestige and modeling solidify global inequality by replacing political violence with legal violence---turns the case because it subordinates effective domestic systems to predatory rule of law models Ugo Mattei 3, Alfred and Hanna Fromm Professor of International and Comparative Law, ¶ U.C. Hastings; Professore Ordinario di Diritto Civile, Università di Torino A Theory of Imperial Law: A Study on U.S. Hegemony and the Latin Resistance, ic.ucsc.edu/rlipsch/pol160A/Mattei.pdf
2/22/14
Diplomatic Capital DA
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Russia’s current path with Ukraine will cause collapse of US-Russia relations and warfare, Kerry’s focus is critical to a resolution. New York Times 3/13 (http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/14/world/europe/ukraine.html?_r=1) CC
Kerry would have to get involved in economic relations with Latin America – It would require him on the ground Robert Valencia, Research Fellow at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs and is a contributing writer for Global Voices, 2-11-13, “Diplomatic Efforts in Latin America Require Fresh Faces,” http://www.worldpolicy.org/blog/2013/02/11/diplomatic-efforts-latin-america-require-fresh-faces
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The 1ac erects a false distinction between language and materiality that instantiates a willful ignorance of the nonhuman components in agency -- means the 1ac is bankrupt -- vote negative on presumption
Bennett ‘9, Prof Pol Theory @ Johns Hopkins University, 2009 (Jane, “Agency, Nature and Emergent Properties: An Interview with Jane Bennett”, Interviewed by Khan, Contemporary Political Theory, 8, Muse)
Only by criticizing the binarism implicit in the 1ac prioritization of discourse can we gain insight into methods of resisting the type of exploitation they criticize
Bennett ‘9, Prof Pol Theory @ Johns Hopkins University, 2009 (Jane, “Agency, Nature and Emergent Properties: An Interview with Jane Bennett”, Interviewed by Khan, Contemporary Political Theory, 8, Muse)
2/22/14
Disease K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: No impact to disease Gladwell 95 Malcolm, New York bureau chief of The Washington Post, New Republic, July 17
The fear of disease justifies ethnic cleansing in pursuit of the perfection Gomel 2000 (Elana Gomel, English department head at Tel Aviv University, Winter 2000, published in Twentieth Century Literature Volume 46, http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0403/is_4_46/ai_75141042)
2/22/14
Earth First K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: threats will destroy us regardless in the near future and the status quo solves—instead we must escape the self-fulfilling prophesy of the aff. WILLIAMS 10 (Irrational Dreams of Space Colonization ¶ Lynda Williams ¶ Peace Review, a Journal of Social Justice ¶ The New Arms Race in Outer Space (22.1, Spring 2010) ¶ http://www.scientainment.com/lwilliams_peacereview.pdf¬¬¬)
Directing our focus on Earth’s environmental problems first is uniquely key WILLIAMS 10 (Irrational Dreams of Space Colonization ¶ Lynda Williams ¶ Peace Review, a Journal of Social Justice ¶ The New Arms Race in Outer Space (22.1, Spring 2010) ¶ http://www.scientainment.com/lwilliams_peacereview.pdf)
6/15/14
Economy K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Economic rationality is violent Bifo 11 – Whit Whitmore’s pen name (Franco “Bifo” Berardi, After the Future pg 110-114 (of my copy), dml)
Makes war more likely—diversionary theory fails Oneal and Tir 2006 – *Associate Professor and Director of International Studies at the University of Alabama, Assistant Professor in Political Science at the University of Georgia (John and Jaroslav, International Studies Quarterly, 50.4, “Does the Diversionary Use of Force Threaten the Democratic Peace? Assessing the Effect of Economic Growth on Interstate Conflict, 1921-2001”)
Their methodology sucks Boehmer 2007 – political science professor at the University of Texas (Charles, Politics and Policy, 35:4, “The Effects of Economic Crisis, Domestic Discord, and State Efficacy on the Decision to Initiate Interstate Conflict”, WEA)
2/22/14
Energy K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Aff’s quest for energy security represents the final enclosure-reject the aff to rejct this commodification of nature that culminates in extinction Marzec, Purdue post colonial studies professor, 2011 (Robert, “Energy Security”, Radical History Review; Winter2011, Issue 109, p83-99, 17p, ebsco)
2/22/14
Environmental Apocalypticism K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Environmental apocalypticism causes eco-authoritarianism leads to violence and apathy Buell 3 (Frederick Buell, cultural critic on the environmental crisis and a Professor of English at Queens College and the author of five books; “From Apocalypse To Way of Life,” pg. 185-186)
That undermines cooperation Trombetta 8 (Maria Julia Trombetta, postdoctoral researcher at the department of Economics of Infrastructures, Delft University of Technology; “Environmental security and climate change: analysing the discourse,” Outh Cambridge Review of International Affairs, Volume 21, Number 4, December 2008)
Scapegoats Impoverished countries Gilbert 12 Emily Gilbert, Canadian Studies and Geography University of Toronto, 2012, "The Militarization of Climate Change," ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 11 (1), 1-14 7
2/22/14
Environmental Dualism K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: The affirmative’s infrastructure is an attempt to distance humanity from nature Duyser 10 Mitchell Duyser. Master of Architecture at University of Cincinnati. April 2010. “Hybrid Landscapes: Territories of Shared Ecological and Infrastructural Value”. Masters Thesis.Pages 3-7. JFS
This assumption is pure environmental dualism – the result is ecocide and extinction The Dark Mountain 9 (Uncivilization, network of writers, artists, and thinkers, The Dark Mountain Manifesto, http://dark-mountain.net/about/manifesto/, 2009)JFS/NAR
2/22/14
Ethico-Politics K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The gesture of the 1ac is to defer ethical responsibility for response to the Other's suffering onto bureaucratic state institutions --- this displacement is fundamentally unethical -- turns the aff THURSCHWELL '3 Adam Thurschwell, Asst. Prof. of Law, Cleveland State University, “Nietzsche and Legal Theory (Part II),” 24 Cardozo L. Rev. 1193, March of 2003; L/N
The Other's ethical engagement is an act of assimilation -- it strips the Other of their Otherness by a false universalist appeal to common humanity that only erects a new periphery that makes unending annihilation vital Odysseos 8, University of Sussex Department of International Relations, Dr. Louiza, Against Ethics? Iconographies of Enmity and Acts of Obligation in Carl Schmitt’s Theory of the Partisan, Practices of Ethics: Relating/Responding to Difference in International Politics Annual Convention, International Studies Association, March 22
2/22/14
Extinction K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The affirmative posits themselves as masters of the theatre of policy, able to create a new reality which more closely resembles the ideal form which makes their plan defensible. This drive towards purification and explanation, this will to truth, is an attempt to escape suffering and creative potential which negates life. TURANLI ‘2K3 aydan, “nietzsche and the later wittgenstein”, journal of nietzsche studies, issue 26, p. 61-2, muse
Human extinction is inevitable—their demand that we escape this necessity reflects resentment against the universe SHERMAN ‘2K Jerry Sherman 2k, Philosophy at the University of New Mexico, no date http://evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com/sherman01.htm
Death isn’t an impact. DELEUZE AND GUATTARI ‘72,.Anti-Oedipus, 330-39, Murray
Value is Not Based on Duration or Longevity – Living As If We’re Never-Going-to-Die, Just Means We Will Die Having-Never-Really-Lived. RAZINSKY 9 SubStance #119, Vol. 38, no. 2, 2009¶ 63¶ Looking Death in the Eyes: Freud and Bataille¶ How to Look Death in the Eyes:Freud and Bataille¶ 1¶ Liran Razinsky.
This is a death or death decision – even if the affirmative can sidestep a few instances of extinction, they’ll never stop it. What’s left is a ballot for the affirmative, that tries to avoid death and ensures that we unwillingly meet another demise, or a ballot for the negative, that affirms extinction and allows our love for life while we have it and death when we don’t. Absent love for our fate, we’re left with ressentiment, hate for our life, and a meaningless preservation of life. Either accept death and make life meaningful, or avoid it, and make life meaningless. FAULKNER 8 Joanne Faulkner, ARC Research Fellow in the School of History and Philosophy at the University of New South Wales, Spring/Autumn 2008, “The Innocence of Victimhood Versus the “Innocence of Becoming”: Nietzsche, 9/11, and the “Falling Man””, The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, Project MUSE, umn-rks
This is magnified by their relationship to death. The affirmatives anxiety towards death is only intelligible from a position of ontological anxiety. Their impact scenarios prevent an authentic relationship to death which makes the fear their 1ac inspires inevitable PARK 6 James, “Our Existential Predicament: Loneliness, Depression, Anxiety, and Death”, p. 183-184
Their melancholic existence negates the will to act – it makes us slaves of the powerful and makes our fears of death absurd – voting negative rejects the 1AC salvation morality DELEUZE AND PARNET ‘87 famous philosopher, Professor of Philosophy at the Sorbonne, Dialogues II, European Perspectives, with Claire Parnet, freelance journalist, translated by Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, 2002 pgs.61-62
2/22/14
Facts K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Facts are meaningless and bad. Their internal link chains are factoids, which are worse. 1ac was detrimental to the cause of their position. This is not a critique of the law. Schlag ’13 Pierre Schlag, “Facts (The),” his blog, 1/28/2013, http://brazenandtenured.com/2013/01/28/facts-the/
Vote neg Baudrillard, ’92 (Jean, Pataphysics of Year 2000, online)
2/22/14
Failed States K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: The affirmative’s discourse of “failed states” legitimizes an interventionist epistemology that effaces difference, makes north-south inequality inevitable, and is self-fulfilling Eisenträger 12 (Stian Eisenträger, MA student in IR, board member at International Reporter, a Norwegian NGO, 3-27-12, “Failed State or Failed Label?: The Concealing Concept and the Case of Somalia,” http://www.e-ir.info/2012/03/27/failed-state-or-failed-label-the-concealing-concept-and-the-case-of-somalia/) gz
Your methodology causes violence and relies on a flawed exclusionary epistemology—the lens you view the world from ensures error replication, prefer the stance of a critical intellectual Sjoberg 2k (Laura Sjoberg is a feminist scholar of international relations and international security. Her work specializes in gendered interpretations of just war theory she is also an Assistant Professor of Political Science and affiliate faculty in Women's Studies at the University of Florida. She holds a research fellowship with the Women and Public Policy Program at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. She has previously taught and researched at Duke University, Boston College, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Brandeis University, and Merrimack College. She holds a Ph.D. in International Relations and Gender Studies from the University of Southern California, and a law degree from Boston College “TOWARDS A FEMINIST THEORY OF SANCTIONS” http://www.laurasjoberg.com/BA.pdf)
This world view makes violence and war inevitable—The alternative is to vote negative to embrace feminist subjectivity. Weedon 1999 Chris, the Chair of the Centre for Critical and Cultural Theory at Cardiff University, Feminism, theory, and the politics of difference, p. 90-93
6/15/14
Forgetting K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The Affirmative regurgitates past pain and suffering to show themselves as a moral option in an immoral world. This action is a stimulant used to mask real pain with surplus enjoyment, creating charred men where we feel but are not alive. Zupancic 03 alenka, “The Shortest Shadow: Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Two,” 47-49
And, the 1ac’s political statements are justification for their pathos of reaction; the aff is a valorization of resistance to capture their boredom. Activism gives them a feeling of revolution while keeping everything the same. Nietzsche 1887 Fredrich, “The Gay Science,” pg. 117-8
The desire to mask suffering with enjoyment is the ascetic ideal par excellence. the aff’s morals are employed to make on feel accomplished by their personal restraints. Zupancic 03 alenka, “The Shortest Shadow: Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Two,” 47-49
Melancholy negates the will to act Deleuze and Parnet ‘87 famous philosopher, Professor of Philosophy at the Sorbonne, Dialogues II, European Perspectives, with Claire Parnet, freelance journalist, translated by Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, 2002 pgs.61-62
Our alternative is to forget about the suffering in the 1ac. the pain cited by the 1ac is only attended to by the memory of the 1ac to further asceticism, only a break away from these memories solves. Zupancic 03 alenka, “The Shortest Shadow: Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Two,” 57-60
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Your decision should answer the resolutional question: Is the enactment of topical action better than the status quo or a competitive option?
“Resolved” before a colon reflects a legislative forum Army Officer School ’04 (5-12, “# 12, Punctuation – The Colon and Semicolon”, http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm)
Resolved: (colon) That this council petition the mayor. 2. “USFG should” means the debate is solely about a policy established by governmental means Ericson ’03 (Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)
Debate over a controversial point of action creates argumentative stasis—that’s key to avoid a devolution of debate into competing truth claims, which destroys the decision-making benefits of the activity Steinberg and Freeley ’13 David Director of Debate at U Miami, Former President of CEDA, officer, American Forensic Association and National Communication Association. Lecturer in Communication studies and rhetoric. Advisor to Miami Urban Debate League, Masters in Communication, and Austin, JD, Suffolk University, attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, Argumentation and Debate Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, Thirteen Edition
Decisionmaking is the most portable and flexible skill—key to all facets of life and advocacy Steinberg and Freeley ‘13 David Director of Debate at U Miami, Former President of CEDA, officer, American Forensic Association and National Communication Association. Lecturer in Communication studies and rhetoric. Advisor to Miami Urban Debate League, Masters in Communication, and Austin, JD, Suffolk University, attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, Argumentation and Debate Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, Thirteen Edition
2/22/14
Framework Short
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: A. Interpretation: Affirmatives must defend only the implementation of plan with a stable plan text.
“Resolved” before a colon reflects a legislative forum Army Officer School ’04 (5-12, “# 12, Punctuation – The Colon and Semicolon”, http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm) B. Violation: They claim solvency off of their discursive endorsement of movements. C. Standards
Ground: 2. Education: 3. Extra-Topicality: D. Framework is a voting issue for fairness and education.
2/22/14
Free Trade Bad Turns
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Plurilateralism checks the impact to trade Jha 2 project coordinator and representative to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Taught international economics and managerial economics at Oxford, University. B.A. from Lady Shri Ram College, University of Delhi, and an M.A. and a Ph.D. in economics from the Delhi School of Economics and the University of London, respectively (Veena Jha, Project Coordinator of UNTAD-Dehli, 2002, Salvaging the WTO’s Future, ed. Dasgupta, p. 461)
Multilateral trade arrangements kill heg – turns case Paul B. Stephan III, University of Virginia School of Law, May 2000, Sheriff or Prisoner? The United States and the World Trade Organization, Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers, http://papers.ssrn.com/ sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=224802
Free trade destroys small farms Grossman ‘2 – prof. @ NYU (Peter, Sociological Inquiry, “The Effects of Free Trade on Development, Democracy, and Environmental Protection”, Volume 72, Number 1, Winter, p. 136, RG)
Small farms solve extinction Boyce ‘4 – dept. of Economics and Political Economy Research and Environmental research at the University of Massachusetts (James K, July, “A Future for Small Farms? Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture”. Political Economic Research Institute, http://ideas.repec.org/p/uma/periwp/wp86.html, RG)
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The Aff treats the natural world as a “biosphere experiment” to be accumulated and managed, a security sphere in which biodiversity must be preserved and which paradoxically removes the value of life itself – only voting negative to remain open and lost before the accident and randomness of the world can smash through the Aff’s glass coffin Baudrillard ‘94 Jean, “The Illusion of the End” p. 85-88
2/22/14
Guise of Liberalism K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Although individuals are allowed to establish moral beliefs in the private realm of their lives, they are restricted by not being able to deliberate these thoughts in public. The new ethic of deliberation is one of exclusion in name of rationality. Liberalism hides under the guise of being a neutral discourse that in actuality dominates all other forms of subjectivity. Zwart 96 Hub Zwart, “Ethical Consensus and the Truth of Laughter¶ The Structure of Moral Transformations” KOK PHAROS PUBLISHING HOUSE KAMPEN - THE NETHERLANDS 1996. JHJ
We refuse to engage in the seriousness of the liberal topic that attempts to relegate our opinions to our private lives while maintaining perfect consensus in the reasonable realm of the public. sitting criss-coss applesauce and defending public debate is only about avoiding controversy instead of moral truth. Zwart 96 Hub Zwart, “Ethical Consensus and the Truth of Laughter¶ The Structure of Moral Transformations” KOK PHAROS PUBLISHING HOUSE KAMPEN - THE NETHERLANDS 1996. JHJ The topic’s viewpoint externalizes power within the state—creating essentialist identities that deny life by crushing any identity different than our own Saul Newman "Anarchism and the Politics of Ressentiment", Theory and Event, Vol. 4.3: 2000. pp-7-23
Salvation morality engenders a depressive melancholy, negates the will to act Deleuze and Parnet ‘87 famous philosopher, Professor of Philosophy at the Sorbonne, Dialogues II, European Perspectives, with Claire Parnet, freelance journalist, translated by Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, 2002 pgs.61-62
We must look away from the external politics of the 1ac to work on ourselves. If we engage ourselves in a will to power to affirm life we can transcend nihilism through the eternal return. Newman 2K Saul, “Anarchism and the politics of ressentiment”, p: Muse, accessed: March 16 06
And, everything is destined to end. Our lives are always subject to interruption. The inescapability of limit means our only option is the here and now. Connor 6 Steven Connor, The text of a keynote talk given at Borderless Beckett, An International Centenary Symposium, Tokyo, 1st October 2006.It has been published in Borderless Beckett/Beckett sans frontières, Samuel Beckett Today/Aujourd’hui, 19 (2008): 35-50http:www.stevenconnor.com/finitude/ / JHJ
And, attempts to infinitely stabilize our being negate life as it is. We can never accept the world that we have—always chasing endless control over the world to perfect our existence. Paul Saurette, PhD in political theory at John Hopkins U, in 96 "I mistrust all systematizers and avoid them': Nietzshce, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in INternational Relations Theory." Millenium Journal of International Studies. Vol. 25 no. 1 page 3-6
2/22/14
Health Care DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Lifting the travel ban destroys Cuba’s health care industry – brain drain and medical tourism Garrett 10 – Laurie Garrett graduated with honors in biology from the University of California, Santa Cruz. She attended graduate school in the Department of Bacteriology and Immunology at University of California, Berkeley. She is a biologist-turned journalist who won the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Journalism in 1996, and a Senior Fellow for Global Health (“Castrocare in Crisis”, Council on Foreign Relations, July 2010, MCallahan)
The Cuban model is key to check disease spread worldwide Cooper et al 06 – Richard S. Cooper is in the Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology at Loyola University – Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA. (“Health in Cuba”, International Journal of Epidemiology, May 4, 2006, http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/35/4/817.full.pdf+html, Callahan)
Global pandemics are coming and direct US intervention fails Weber 06 – Steven Weber is a Professor of Political Science at UC-Berkeley and Director of the Institute of International Studies. (“How Globalization Went Bad”, Foreign Policy, December 27, 2006, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2006/12/27/how_globalization_went_bad?page=0,2)
2/22/14
Hegemony K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Heg and legitimacy don’t exist – it’s racist Gulli 13. Bruno Gulli, professor of history, philosophy, and political science at Kingsborough College in New York, “For the critique of sovereignty and violence,” http://academia.edu/2527260/For_the_Critique_of_Sovereignty_and_Violence, pg. 5
Racism is a voting issue Memmi ‘0 (MEMMI Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ Unv. Of Paris Albert-; RACISM, translated by Steve Martinot, pp.163-)SEW
Hegemony saves lives selectively—millions die from AIDs and starvation while mass interventions are justified if American interests are threatened. The result is overwhelming violence without limit Badiou 04 (Alain, FRAGMENTS OF A PUBLIC DIARY ON THE AMERICAN WAR AGAINST IRAQ Vol. 8, No. 3 Summer 2004, pp. 223-238, kdf)
2/22/14
Heidegger K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Fixation with speed manipulates nature draining it of value Nadis 2006 (Fred, History professor at California State University, “The Enchantments of Technology (review)”, Technology and Culture, Project Muse)
This technological thought creates conditions that are the pre-requisite for nuclear wars—the consequences are more devastating than extinction Caputo 93—professor of Humanities at Syracuse, founder of weak theology, MA from Villanova, PhD from Bryn Mawr in Philosophy (John Caputo, Demythologizing Heidegger, 1993 p. 136-141, Miller)
Reject the calculative logic of the affirmative in favor of releasement. A form of releasement that reorients our relationship towards technological modes of thought Botha 02 (Catherine, Dept. of Philosophy @ Univ. of Pretoria, “Heidegger, Technology and Ecology,” South African Journal of Philosophy, Vol 22, Issue 2, p. ebscohost)
6/15/14
Indo-China K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Their conception of the power triangle between India, US, and China is steeped in ahistorical, hypermasculine and inaccurate models of power that push out more accurate and peaceful understandings of the relationships between peoples of the countries they describe—reject their discourse Banerjee and Ling, 6 Payal, (PhD, Syracuse University, Sociology) is an Assistant Professor in Sociology @ Syracuse AND L. H. M., Associate Professor in the Graduate Program in International Affairs (GPIA) at The New School in New York City “Hypermasculine War Games: Triangulating US-India-China” http://www.gpia.info/files/u1/wp/2006-12.pdf
2/22/14
Indo-Pak K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Their representation of india/pakistan as the most likely site for nuclear war underlies dominant proliferation metaphors which fuel global nuclear apartheid Gusterson 99 Hugh Massachusetts Institute of Technology Nuclear Weapons and the Other in the Western Imagination. Cultural Anthropology 14(1):111-143. 1999 ct
Their representation of pakistan instability underlies dominant racialized proliferation metaphors which fuel indian nuclearization Biswas 01 Shampa Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA "Nuclear Apartheid" as Political Position: Race as a Postcolonial Resource? Alternatives 26 (20( 11), 485-522 JSTOR ct
2/22/14
Information Overload K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Over excess of information within our knowledge production systems, i.e allows the individual’s autonomy to be overwhelmed Baudrillard 85(Jean,responsible for removing all the snakes in Ireland, “The Masses: The Implosion of the Social in the Media”, New Literary History, Vol. 16, No. 3, On Writing Histories of Literature (Spring, 1985), pp 579-580
We are the mirror that allows for the other team to reflect upon its own desire Baudrillard 85(Jean,responsible for removing all the snakes in Ireland, “The Masses: The Implosion of the Social in the Media”, New Literary History, Vol. 16, No. 3, On Writing Histories of Literature (Spring, 1985), pp 579-580
6/15/14
Investor Confidence DA
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The US economy barely alive and the only thing keeping it alive is investors Valentin Schmid, the business editor of the Epoch Times, 9/27/13 (His areas of expertise include global macroeconomic trends, financial markets and monetary policy. Before joining the paper in 2012, he worked as a portfolio manager for BNP Paribas in Amsterdam, London, Paris and Hong Kong., “How Free Money Is Keeping Economic Recovery Alive”, http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/300656-free-money-keeping-economic-recovery-alive/)
The plan causes abrupt investor pullout which collapses the economy CBO 10 Congressional Budget Office. “Federal Debt and the Risk of a Fiscal Crisis.” July 27, 2010. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/21625 AP
6/15/14
Iran K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Their depiction of Iran is inherently hyperbolic and reifies a violent ontology that posits it as the dangerous Other – that makes warfare inevitable Trafton 13 (Jordan Trafton, MA student in International Relations, 3-24-13, “Securitized Iran: Threat or Not?,” http://www.sirjournal.org/2013/03/24/securitized-iran-threat-or-not/) gz
2/22/14
James Webb DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: The James Webb Space Telescope is funded now, but it still risks cuts going forward Hsu 2/27 (Jeremy, senior writer for Space.com, “Next Space Telescope Must Survive 'Big Science' Questions”, http://www.space.com/14690-space-telescope-survive-big-science-questions.html, Stransky)
The plan will gut vulnerable funding – it's a repeat of the Superconducting Super Collider Foust 1/16 (Jeff, editor and publisher of The Space Review, 1/16/12, “Big science in an era of tight budgets”, http://thespacereview.com/article/2007/1)
Gutting funding will end US/EU cooperation and relations Borowiz, Research Analyst at the Space Foundation, 11 (The Space Foundation has become one of the world's premier nonprofit organizations supporting space activities, July, 2011, Mariel John Borowitz, “The James Webb Space Telescope A Worthy Investment in Space Science,” http://www.aura-astronomy.org/news/2011/James_Webb_Space_Telescope_-_A_Worthy_Investment.pdf)
Great power war O’Sullivan 4 (vice president of the Mission Critical Networks business area, which includes all FAA programs, as well as the Alaska Flight Services Modernization and OASIS programs, March 31, 2004, John O'Sullivan, “Europe and the Establishment,” The National Interest, http://nationalinterest.org/article/europe-and-the-establishment-2608)
And extinction from asteroids Urias et al 96 (COL (Sel) John M. Urias (USA) “Planetary Defense: Catastrophic Health Insurance for Planet Earth” http://csat.au.af.mil/2025/volume3/vol3ch16.pdf)
2/22/14
Japan DA
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Plan causes a dysprosium shortage The Economist 12 ("In a hole?" 5/17, http://www.economist.com/node/21550243)
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: “Anthro” K – the attempt to escape from anthropocentrism is, itself, anthropocentric and firmly cemented in egotistical humanism – the Aff tries to posit and include otherness as a non-self – this destroys the bottomless intimacy of inner experience Morton 10 (Timothy Morton The Ecological Thought Published by: the President and Fellows of Harvard College 2010 Pg 75-78) m leap
6/15/14
Lacan K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The ideal market is impossible – their fantasy constructions fail to confront the role of desire within our constructions of economics, turning the aff Schroeder 98 Jeanne L. Schroeder. “The End of the Market: A Psychoanalysis of Law and Economics. Harvard Law Review, Vol. 112, No. 2. December 1998. JSTOR. AP
The impact is violence Stavrakakis 99 Yannis Stavrakakis, member of the Essex School of Discourse Analysis. “Lacan and the Political.” Routledge. AP
The alternative is to engage in the Act –make the impossible Third choice to disengage from the moment and reorient ourselves in terms of the problem – only then can we disengage from fantasy Zizek 06 Slavoj Zizek. “The Parallax View.” MIT Press. February 17, 2006. AP
6/15/14
Latinidad K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The affirmatives economic engagement with Latin American countries only reinforces the subordination of the Latino/a. Canova 2k (Timothy A. Canova, Assistant Professor @ University of New Mexico School of Law, “GLOBALIZATION OR GLOBAL SUBORDINATION?: HOW LATCRIT LINKS THE LOCAL TO GLOBAL AND THE GLOBAL TO THE LOCAL: Global Finance and the International Monetary Fund's Neoliberal Agenda: The Threat to the Employment, Ethnic Identity, and Cultural Pluralism of Latina/o Communities”, 2000)
The continued neo-colonial, racial violence against Latina/o populations is tantamount to genocide. Saldaña-Portillo 7 (María Jose?na Saldaña-Portillo, Associate Professor of Social and Cultural Analysis and Director of Gender and Sexuality Studies @ NYU, “From the Borderlands to the Transnational? Critiquing Empire in the Twenty-First Century”, 2007) Engage in a synergetic analysis of the power structures that sustain oppression. We evaluate both the political implications of CRT and contest the fundamental power structures of debate by historical reconstruction. Chang and Fuller 00' (Robert Chang and Natasha Fuller, Chang is a Professor of Law at Loyola Law School, Fuller is a J.D. Candidate from Loyola, "Performing LatCrit", U.C. Davis Law Review, Vol. 33:1277)
6/15/14
Levinasian Ethics K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Wielded by saints Levinasian ethics still participates in a logic of extermination against the intolerant but wielded by venal policy-makers it legitimizes atrocities in the name of humanitarian intervention Meister 5 (Meister, Robert. ""Never Again": The Ethics of the Neighbor and the Logic of Genocide." Postmodern Culture 15.2 (2005) Project MUSE)
Their drive to redeem the fallen world through ethics becomes a supposition for genocidal politics Schiff 3 – Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago (Jacob, John Hopkins University Press, “Politics Against Redemption: Rereading Levinas for Critical International Theory,” pg. 345-358, http://ptw.uchicago.edu/schiff03.pdf)
2/22/14
Lindsey K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Corruption of the state allows fiat in policy to continue unabated without understanding how the world really works, our criticism comes first they need to justify their method of debate Lindsey 12 (Dr Jason, PhD in Political Science from Columbia University and is currently Associate Professor and Chair of Political Science at St. Cloud State University, Baudrillard’s Simulated Politics and Debord’s Agents of Detournement, journal of baud studies vol 9 nmbr 3)
Roleplaying longs for the impossible, we need to shift away from debates based on fiat Lindsey 12 (Dr Jason, PhD from Columbia University and is currently Associate Professor and Chair of Political Science at St. Cloud State University, Baudrillard’s Simulated Politics and Debord’s Agents of Detournement, journal of baud studies vol 9 nmbr 3) I. Introduction
The alternative is to reject simulated politics to deconstruct the hegemony of fiat and search for new productions of debate Swyngedouw 8 (Erik, Prof of Social and Political Geography in School of Environment and Developpment at U of Manchester, Where is the political?)
Their methodology promotes racist violence only the alternative creates a plurality of knowing against the state Rodriguez 8 (Dylan, Associate Professor at Un iversity of Califo r n i a Riverside, Warfare and the Terms of Engagement, libcom.org/files/Critical Resistance - Abolition Now! Ten Years of Strategy and Struggle against the Prison Industrial Complex.pdf
6/15/14
Managerialism K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Policies don’t address the causes they are incapable of solutions of human proportions. Jacobson 92 (Joseph A. Jacobson, Masters in Environmental Studies at the Evergreen State College, “Bioregionalism: building a local sustainable culture”, June 1992, pages 9-11, http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Jacobson_JA-Thesis1992.pdf)
Society is driven towards the insular fantasy of technology as a guard against feelings of anxiety and the threat of natural disaster- leads to annihilation. Dodds ‘12 (Joseph, MPhil, Psychoanalytic Studies, Sheffield University, UK, MA, Psychoanalytic Studies, Sheffield University, UK BSc, Psychology and Neuroscience, Manchester University, UK, Chartered Psychologist (CPsychol) of the British Psychological Society (BPS), and a member of several other professional organizations such as the International Neuropsychoanalysis Society, Psychoanalysis and Ecology at the Edge of Chaos p 70) *Gender Modified
Their impacts are failed criteria that eschews any ethical responsibility to the world—impact is serial policy failure Scroccaro 12 (Paolo, Retired professor of history and philosophy @ Treviso, principle social director of the Philosophical Association of Treviso, post graduate degree in the philosophy of the sciences from the University of Padua and an international degree in human ecology from the universities of Paris, Brussels and Padua, “DECOLONIZING THE IMAGINARY, BEGINNING FROM SCHOOL,” Translation by Erika Battocchio, Associazione Eco-Filosofica, Contribution for workshop n. 61)
6/15/14
Maquilladora K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Economic circumstances have forced Mexican women to become a mobile, vulnerable, and ultimately disposable workforce Livingston 4 Jessica Livingston is completing her Ph.D. at the University of Florida. Her fields include cultural studies, gender studies, and contemporary literature. She is writing her dissertation, which analyzes narratives of work within the context of neoliberalism “Murder in Juárez: Gender, Sexual Violence, and the Global Assembly Line” http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/frontiers/v025/25.1livingston.html#authbio EllenDymit
The impact is femicide Natalie Panther, 07. Bachelor of the Arts in psychology, Professor at Oklahoma State University. Writer of several books and expert on femicide in Mexico. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2333.pdf
The alternative is nomadism it produces diasporic transgressive identities that challenge the denial of social services and the fixity of exploitable labor inherent in the maquila system Biemann 1 (Ursula, artist, theorist and curator who has in recent years produced a considerable body of work on migration, mobility, technology and gender. She studied at Bellas Artes in Mexico and School of Visual Arts in New York , Performing the Border, “Globalization on the line: gender, nation, and capital at US Borders,” 2001, http://www.opa-a2a.org/dissensus/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/performing_the_border.pdf)
6/15/14
Mexican Fiscal Reform DA
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Nieto Pushing for Fiscal Reform Now, Needs Support and Focus From Susan Purcell the Director of the Center for Hemispheric Policy at the University of Miami on March 5th 2014. (March 5th, 2014, Susan Purcell - Director, Center for Hemispheric Policy at the University of Miami. “Mexico Reform With Reservations” http://latinvex.com/app/article.aspx?id=1248AS)
Focusing on other measures like the aff divert Nieto’s political focus and derail his agenda Wilkinson and Ellingwood -2 Journalists for the Los Angeles Times in 2012 (Tracy Wilkinson journalist for the Los Angeles Times, and Ken Ellingwood, reporter for the Los Angeles Times, “Mexico President-elect Peña Nieto's win is weaker than expected,” July 2, 2012, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/jul/02/world/la-fg-mexico-election-analysis-20120703//MRG)
Tax reform is key to poverty reduction, health care, and education Cotis, former Director General of the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, No date (Jean Philippe, senior official and French economist, former Director General of the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, former professor of economic policy at the University of Paris, OECD, no date, “WHAT ARE THE OECD’S VIEWS ABOUT THE MEXICAN TAX REFORM,” http://www.oecd.org/mexico/22425199.pdf, alp)
Preserving education is a moral obligation. Tax reform is the gateway to Mexico’s future because it ensures the Mexican people have knowledge and by passing the affirmative, that future is taken away. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization No date (UNESCO, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, “The Right to Education,” no date, http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/right-to-education/, alp)
Poverty outweighs any impact put forth by the affirmative – it is not only more probable, but is happening in front of our eyes wherever we look and kills thousand each and every day. The Affirmative does not solve. Bissio, executive director of the Third World Institute, journalist, 12 (Roberto, executive director of the Third World Institute, journalist, SocialWatch, September 6, 2012, “ERADICATING POVERTY: FROM MORAL DUTY TO LEGAL OBLIGATION,” http://www.socialwatch.org/node/15326, alp)
6/15/14
Nature K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: There is no “nature” – the Aff’s appeal to the simulation of nature that we have in modern capitalism is highly problematic – don’t vote to help continue the stockpiling project of “preserving nature” – it’s just an excuse to stockpile and then waste and destroy all of existence in the standing reserve Morton ’12 (Timothy Morton, January 11, 2012, “Peak Nature: Capitalism has no soul,” AdBusters, American Autumn ed., https://www.adbusters.org/magazine/98/peak-nature.html) m leap
6/15/14
Neoliberalism K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Neoliberalism is dying in Latin America –the Aff is triage of deregulation that re-entrenches neoliberalism Pineo, 13 – Senior Research Fellow at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, and Professor and Chair of the Department of History at Towson University (Ron, Posted on April 11, 2012 - See more at: http://www.coha.org/22227/#sthash.L5CsywQs.dpuf )
That makes genocide and death drives inevitable Santos 3 (Boaventura de Sousa). Center for Social Studies.University of Coimbra, EUROZINE, COLLECTIVE SUICIDE OR GLOBALIZATION FROM BELOW, http://www.eurozine.com/article/2003-03-26-santos-en.html) *Note this card had been modified for suicide metaphors
Structural violence outweighs everything Abu-Jamal 98 (Mumia, Political Activist, “A Quiet and Deadly Violence”, September 19, http://www.angelfire.com/az /catchphraze/mumiaswords.html)
The alternative is to use this academic space to stand in opposition to neoliberalism.
A. It’s Prereq Giroux 05 (Henry, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, “The Terror of Neoliberalism”, College Literature, 2005)PM
B. The alt utilizes the public space’s potential for democracy to fend off neoliberalism Giroux 06 (Henry, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, “The Emerging Authoritarianism in the United States: Political Culture Under the Bush/Cheney Administration” 2006)http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-163801059.html
2/22/14
Neoliberalism in Debate K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Welcome to the Neoliberalism Topic! Where high school students claim to solve governmental problems with more government, where upper class teenagers claim to understand the oppression of Mexican farmers, and almost every 1NC includes phrases like “Reject the neoliberal politics of the aff” and “Latin American movements are decreasing neoliberalism”.
Not without some warrant, however, because this topic truly does require you to advocate a neoliberal paradigm in order to be topical. There is no escape. Neubauer 12 (Robert J, is a Phd Student at the School of Communications at Simon Fraser University, Vancouver “Dialogue, Monologue, or Something in Between? Neoliberal Think Tanks in the Americas,” http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/viewfile/1481/789)
Not only does economic engagement walk hand-in-hand with neoliberalism but even the topic paper that brought this wording to fruition has a definitional requirement that makes aff’s who attempt to do something non-neoliberal untopical, it defines Economic engagement as “a form of structural linkage; it is a means to get other states to want what you want, rather than to do what you want.”* This implies an extremely coercive and Eurocentric form of international engagement.
*Darin M. Maier, Director of Forensics, St. Andrew’s Episcopal School, “NFHS Policy Debate Topic Proposal: Latin America”
However, what are we supposed to do about this? Whether the judge votes aff in a round to endorse neoliberal economics or neg to vote against it, none of that changes either the current state of neoliberal institutions in Latin America or how the US will affect them in the future.
As Dhillon and Larson* put it, “Despite encouragement to think critically about global issues, the forensics community is less critical of internal matters.” We fantasize that we can change global institutions while being complicit to the ones that affect us as students and educators here and now. The topic is just a giant distraction to more local forms of neoliberalism.
*Dhillon and Larson 10 (Kiranjeet and April, Graduate Students and Coaches at University of Northern Iowa, “Biological Sex as a Predictor of Competitive Success in Intercollegiate Forensics”, http://www.nationalforensics.org/journal/vol29no2-1.pdf) CC
Specifically in our educational spheres, students are taught to be pragmatic and not reflective - this makes education a process of turning students into market representatives rather than a space for liberation or self-reflection. We incentivize blindness for the sake of productivity, that is the reason neoliberalism continues unabated Callaghan 4 (karen, prof of sociology @ barry, “globalization with a human face”)
Not only does the current educational sphere endorse pragmatic and static ways of endorsing politics but it also actively fights modes of knowledge that are critical of the corporate system while legitimating the authoritarian system Giroux 4 Global TV Network Chair in Communications at McMaster University in Canada, author of The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear, (Henry A., “Public Pedagogy and the Politics of Neo-liberalism: making the political more pedagogical,” Policy Futures in Education, Volume: 2, p. 495 and 496) CC
This Neoliberalism also produces massive disparities among schools. Corporations pick and choose schools to fund while other public schools are left in the dust, forced to pinch pennies in order to even survive Giroux 4 Global TV Network Chair in Communications at McMaster University in Canada, author of The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear, (Henry A., “Public Pedagogy and the Politics of Neo-liberalism: making the political more pedagogical,” Policy Futures in Education, Volume: 2, p. 495 and 496) CC
This form of neoliberalism is the root of racialized politics in the US and massive systemic violence. Neoliberalism teaches the value of consumption and investment rather than human rights or the power of social agency. That makes people of color a scapegoat for the system’s instability. Giroux in 4 (Henry, holds global television network chair in communications @ McMaster Univ, The Terror of Neoliberalism)
These forms of power and oppression are not just visible in the educational sphere but also in the structure of policy debate. The same private schools dominate and earn invites to the TOC year after year while other public schools are pushed to the periphery because of a lack of funds and little administrative support of debate. Public schools and lower income areas are forced to spend all of their limited resources to teach for the test and leave very little for other educational ventures that are deemed less “pragmatic”. This causes debate to become a sport for the privileged, rather than an outlet for the oppressed. Wealth is the facilitator of success in debate, not talent. Fine 1 (Gary Alan, Professor of Sociology at Northwestern University, “Gifted Tongues: High School Debate and Adolescent Culture”, http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/i7086.html) CC
These class divisions in debate make massive resource disparities. Some teams have multiple coaches and teams to cut and research the newest and best cards for every tournament while other teams don’t have the institutional support or have to work outside of school which prevents any possibility of them keeping pace with other teams. This makes policy arguments like politics a non-starter for those teams. That creates a catch 22 where many teams only option is to read arguments against the system of debate only to be struck down by larger teams preaching why they broke the “rules” and ironically why it hurts their “fairness” or “education”. Dhillon and Larson 10 (Kiranjeet and April, Graduate Students and Coaches at University of Northern Iowa, “Biological Sex as a Predictor of Competitive Success in Intercollegiate Forensics”, http://www.nationalforensics.org/journal/vol29no2-1.pdf) CC
My partner and I have both had firsthand struggles with neoliberalism I debate. We partner was never privileged with the wealth most of our debate peers had to be able to attend prestigious and expensivie institutes every summer. The only camp my partner was able to attend was one that was hosted by our local urban debate league. While it was beneificial, it put him competiviely behind the multi thousand dollar institutes that many of our friends attended. The only reason I was able to attend a 2 week camp was because of choosing a camp that was relatively less experience than others and recieiving some scholarship money and fundraising. We come from a school that is 0-8 in toc bid rounds, and we are lucky to have even that much success for a public school coming from a state where less than half of all students even graduate. My personal experience with neoliberalism in the public sphere has included my father who is the principal of the school we attend. The only reason we still have a debate team at our school is because my dad believes in the activity and has stuck his neck out to keep funding for it when our school district has attempted to cut it countless times, year after year. Many schools around our district have lost their programs and we try our best to allow them to transfer to our school and help them debate but we are in a constant struggle versus neoliberalism.
*Berns, Dave. June 8th, 2011, http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2011/jun/08/clark-county-dead-last-high-school-graduation-rate/ Our experience and social location are key ways to relate to neoliberalism and to build coalitions Gimenez 01 (Martha E. , retired Professor of Sociology at the University of Colorado at Boulder, “Marxism, and Class, Gender, and Race: Rethinking the Trilogy”, Race, Gender, and Class 8:2, April 2001, ProQuest)AS
And because of our experience with debate we advocate that the judge should reject neoliberalism within this academic sphere.
Our Role of the Ballot is that the ballot should be a choice of whether or not to advocate neoliberalism. Only by understanding that the structure is a choice demystifies it and allows us to create a new political paradigm. It is a pre-requisite to all other forms of contestation since neoliberalism shapes and limits the other choices we are provided. Hay, Professor of Political Analysis at the University of Sheffield04 (Colin, “The normalizing role of rationalist assumptions in the institutional embedding of neoliberalism”, Economy and Society 33:4, 2004, Taylor and Francis)AS
Academic sites of contestation like this debate round are crucial to struggles over neoliberalism and shape how future politics and coalitions form in the future. It shapes the structures and organizations that support neoliberalism and creates engaging citizenship Giroux 6 (Henry, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, “Dirty Democracy and State Terrorism: the Politics of the New Authoritarianism in the United States”, Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East)
Our discussion – starting from the standpoint of capital – is essential to solving all other forms of oppression – any other starting point still leaves class disparities intact. Holmstrom 97 (Nancy, Professor Emeritus Department of Philosophy at Rutgers, Renewing Historical Materialism, Solidarity, http://www.solidarity-us.org/node/2198)
2/22/14
Neoliberalism vs Racism K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The affirmative’s performance trades off with political struggles against neoliberalism – their blanket criticism of a falsely universal liberalism weakens the anti-neoliberal movement Joseph M. Schwartz, 8-9-13 (Professor of Political Science at Temple University. Schwartz's teaching and published work focuses on the complex interaction among morality, ideology, and political and institutional development., “A Peculiar Blind Spot: Why did Radical Political Theory Ignore the Rampant Rise in Inequality Over the Past Thirty Years?”, Volume 35, Issue 3, 2013, Special Issue: Studying Politics Today: Critical Approaches to Political Science) Discursive critiques alone fail to combat neoliberalism – only a state-oriented approach allows debate pedagogy to transcend racist ideologies and practices Giroux Global TV Network Chair in Communication @ McMaster University 6-4-10 (Henry, “Spectacles of Race and Pedagogies of Denial: Anti-Black Racist Pedagogy Under the Reign of Neoliberalism,” Communication Education (52), Issue 3-4, pgs. 191-211 Mike) Neoliberalism results in an indiscriminate death drive for production – this is the same logic that produced Stalinism and Nazism Santos ‘3 (Boaventura de Sousa, director of the Center for Social Studies at the University of Coimbra, EUROZINE, COLLECTIVE SUICIDE OR GLOBALIZATION FROM BELOW, http://www.eurozine.com/article/2003-03-26-santos-en.html)
The Alternative is to use this academic space to oppose neoliberalism. The Role of the Ballot is to affirm the team who best confronts hegemonic structures of oppression. Our position against neoliberalism is necessary to reinvigorate movements against the state – the alternative recovers the possibility of performative resistance against dominant structures through its political praxis of solidarity Joseph M. Schwartz, 8-9-13 (Professor of Political Science at Temple University. Schwartz's teaching and published work focuses on the complex interaction among morality, ideology, and political and institutional development., “A Peculiar Blind Spot: Why did Radical Political Theory Ignore the Rampant Rise in Inequality Over the Past Thirty Years?”, Volume 35, Issue 3, 2013, Special Issue: Studying Politics Today: Critical Approaches to Political Science)
Not only does the current educational sphere endorse pragmatic and static ways of endorsing politics but it also actively fights modes of knowledge that are critical of the corporate system while legitimating the authoritarian system Giroux 4 Global TV Network Chair in Communications at McMaster University in Canada, author of The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear, (Henry A., “Public Pedagogy and the Politics of Neo-liberalism: making the political more pedagogical,” Policy Futures in Education, Volume: 2, p. 495 and 496) CC
This Neoliberalism also produces massive disparities among schools. Corporations pick and choose schools to fund while other public schools are left in the dust, forced to pinch pennies in order to even survive Giroux 4 Global TV Network Chair in Communications at McMaster University in Canada, author of The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear, (Henry A., “Public Pedagogy and the Politics of Neo-liberalism: making the political more pedagogical,” Policy Futures in Education, Volume: 2, p. 495 and 496) CC
This form of neoliberalism is the root of racialized politics in the US and massive systemic violence. Neoliberalism teaches the value of consumption and investment rather than human rights or the power of social agency. That makes people of color a scapegoat for the system’s instability. Giroux in 4 (Henry, holds global television network chair in communications @ McMaster Univ, The Terror of Neoliberalism)
These forms of power and oppression are not just visible in the educational sphere but also in the structure of policy debate. The same private schools dominate and earn invites to the TOC year after year while other public schools are pushed to the periphery because of a lack of funds and little administrative support of debate. Public schools and lower income areas are forced to spend all of their limited resources to teach for the test and leave very little for other educational ventures that are deemed less “pragmatic”. This causes debate to become a sport for the privileged, rather than an outlet for the oppressed. Wealth is the facilitator of success in debate, not talent. Fine 1 (Gary Alan, Professor of Sociology at Northwestern University, “Gifted Tongues: High School Debate and Adolescent Culture”, http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/i7086.html) CC
These class divisions in debate make massive resource disparities. Some teams have multiple coaches and teams to cut and research the newest and best cards for every tournament while other teams don’t have the institutional support or have to work outside of school which prevents any possibility of them keeping pace with other teams. This makes policy arguments like politics a non-starter for those teams. That creates a catch 22 where many teams only option is to read arguments against the system of debate only to be struck down by larger teams preaching why they broke the “rules” and ironically why it hurts their “fairness” or “education”. Dhillon and Larson 10 (Kiranjeet and April, Graduate Students and Coaches at University of Northern Iowa, “Biological Sex as a Predictor of Competitive Success in Intercollegiate Forensics”, http://www.nationalforensics.org/journal/vol29no2-1.pdf) CC
This is a microcosm of how the education sphere has rewarded those who follow neoliberalism’s rigid structure and attempts to strike down those who attempt to build coalitions or consensus against power structures and instead endorse individual competition at its expense – this pushes students to the periphery and deems them “undeserving”. Wilkins, Ph.D. in Social Policy, Research Fellow at University of Roehampton, April 23, 2012 (Andrew, “The spectre of neoliberalism: pedagogy, gender and the construction of learner identities,” Critical Studies in Education, Vol. 53.2, pg 207-8)SG
My partner and I have both had firsthand struggles with neoliberalism in debate. We were never privileged with the wealth that most of our debate peers had to be able to attend prestigious and expensive institutes every summer. I am privileged by having my father be the principal of our school which means after countless district efforts to terminate our program he has stuck his neck out for it and continued funding. We take our travel efforts tournament by tournament—but we are at Blake to have a confrontation with the elitest of the elite This year we were able to earn the 3rd seed at a tournament and advance to a bid round, there we hit a prestigious private school who has a strong history of getting multiple teams to the TOC year after year. They read an argument that we thought had underlying assumptions that were both racist and morally bankrupt. We lost with one judge from a wealthy and historically dominant school, that chose not to evaluate the debate and vote against us because he disagreed with our rejection of subjective truth and said he was “taking a stand”. This shows a knee-jerk rejection of arguments outside of those considered “safe” for this sanitary debate space, and an attempt to preserve the “sanctity” of debate.
*Berns, Dave. June 8th, 2011, http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2011/jun/08/clark-county-dead-last-high-school-graduation-rate/ Our experience and social location are key ways to relate to neoliberalism and to build coalitions Gimenez 01 (Martha E. , retired Professor of Sociology at the University of Colorado at Boulder, “Marxism, and Class, Gender, and Race: Rethinking the Trilogy”, Race, Gender, and Class 8:2, April 2001, ProQuest)AS
And because of our experience with debate we advocate that the judge should reject neoliberalism within this academic sphere. Only by understanding that the structure is a choice demystifies it and allows us to create a new political paradigm. It is a pre-requisite to all other forms of contestation since neoliberalism shapes and limits the other choices we are provided. Hay, Professor of Political Analysis at the University of Sheffield04 (Colin, “The normalizing role of rationalist assumptions in the institutional embedding of neoliberalism”, Economy and Society 33:4, 2004, Taylor and Francis)AS
Academic sites of contestation like this debate round are crucial to struggles over neoliberalism and shape how future politics and coalitions form in the future. It shapes the structures and organizations that support neoliberalism and creates engaging citizenship Giroux 6 (Henry, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, “Dirty Democracy and State Terrorism: the Politics of the New Authoritarianism in the United States”, Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East)
2/22/14
New White Flight K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Colonization will fail and lead to another violent era of slavery and exploitation—where the “new white flight” is sent off to space. TREBORD 11 (Sept. 13, 2011. Why Space Colonization is a Bad Idea. http://trebord.wordpress.com/2011/09/13/why-space-colonization-is-a-bad-idea/ *We reject the gendered discourse of this evidence
This super-race of colonizers would be uniquely likely to genetic catastrophe and the insulated small group would lead to inbreeding of the “new white flight” –killing genetic diversity. SMITH 12 (Yahoo News, Scientific American, Cameron M. Smith June 15, 2012 3:04 PM. Migration from Earth: Human Evolution and Space Colonization)
Racism is a decision rule Memmi ‘0 (MEMMI Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ Unv. Of Paris Albert-; RACISM, translated by Steve Martinot, pp.163-)SEW
6/15/14
Nihilism K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The 1AC is rooted in the Will that drives every facet of existence—to live is to want, and to want is to suffer—their action perpetuates our sorrows Young, 3 (Julian Young, PhD from Pitt and Jr. Professor of Humanities at Wake Forest. “The Death of God and the Meaning of Life” pg. 35-38) Henge
Deny them at their core— accept death and starve nothingness is the true meaning of life Young, 3 (Julian Young, PhD from Pitt and Jr. Professor of Humanities at Wake Forest. “The Death of God and the Meaning of Life” pg. 39-40) Henge
2/22/14
Normativity CP
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Text: We advocate the entirety of the aff sans the plan
It’s net beneficial – it solves better because it doesn’t start at the place of the state or include the pretended fiated action we will get links to.
It’s legit – they get 100 of the plan to generate offense versus the cp, this is a necessary test against critical affirmatives.
There is no internal link between the plan text and the solvency. Schlag, 90 (Pierre Schlag, professor of law@ univ. Colorado, stanford law review, november, page lexis)
The assumption of 1AC solvency papers over the rough edges of the world with warm and fuzzy normative legal talk, emotionally disconnecting them from the implications of the speech act Delgado 91 (richard delgado , colorado law professor, 139 pa. L. Rev. 933, april)
They are more interested in playing hermeneutic games than engaging in politics, the preoccupation with pretending to be policymakers traps them in a spectator position and bars them from recognizing the bureaucratic violence of legal praxis. Schlag, 90 (Pierre Schlag, professor of law@ univ. Colorado, stanford law review, november, page lexis)
2/22/14
North Korea K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: The construction of North Korea as a rogue threat renews the with us or against us problematic inherent in imperialism. Their rhetoric that north korea is on the verge of nuclear warfare will be understood as a means to justify militaristic forms of retaliation. Bleiker 2003 (Roland, Ph.D. in International Relations from Canberra. “A rogue is a rogue is a rogue: US foreign policy and the Korean nuclear crisis” Found in International Affairs 79, ?)
The affirmative’s discourse of North Korean aggression creates a geopolitical Dr Evil irrationally attempting to destroy the world – these problematic representations inflicts mass structural violence on North Korean civilians, marked as “cannibals,” “baby-killers,” and “drones” and justifies international coercion, forcing threat actualization Cunningham 13 (Finian Cunningham, expert in international affairs specializing in the Middle East, former journalist expelled from Bahrain due to his revealing of human rights violations committed by the Western-backed regime, basically a badass, 3-13-13, “Western Media Set Up North Korea for War,” http://nsnbc.me/2013/03/13/western-media-set-up-north-korea-for-war/) gz
2/22/14
Nuclearism K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Nuclear fear scenarios cloud calculation. Jonathan Tepperman, 8-29-2009, Newsweek International's Deputy Editor, was Deputy Managing Editor of Foreign Affairs and wrote frequently on international affairs for Newsweek, The New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, The New Republic, The Jerusalem Post and The Forward, and is a Fellow of the New York Institute of Humanities, “Why Obama Should Learn to Love the Bomb,” Newsweek, http://www.newsweek.com/2009/08/28/why-obama-should-learn-to-love-the-bomb.html
The modern liberal state utilizes the threat of nuclear weapons to justify invasion in the interim to prevent catastrophe. Their representations are more likely to lead to preemption than passivity. Massumi 07 (Brian, Communication Department of the Université de Montréal , “Potential Politics and the Primacy of Preemption”)
The spectral threat of nuclear war is itself part of a system of deterrence which neutralizes all events, including the real possibility of nuclear war. This is an implosive violence; the balance of terror is the terror of balance. That all things must be quilted through the nuclear issue marks its function as a simulacrum to conceal the death of politics Baudrillard 81 (Jean Baudrillard, ask Jack, “Simulacra and Simulation,” pp 32-4)
2/22/14
Open Borders CP
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: CP Text: The United States Federal Government should adopt an open borders policy by eliminating Visas CP Solves Tim Cavanaugh, April 16, 2006 columnist for Reason's print edition Open the Borders: Forget guest workers—why should citizens of NAFTA countries need visas at all? http://reason.com/archives/2006/04/16/open-the-borders
Abolish visas means the CP competes Tim Cavanaugh, April 16, 2006 columnist for Reason's print edition Open the Borders: Forget guest workers—why should citizens of NAFTA countries need visas at all? http://reason.com/archives/2006/04/16/open-the-borders
2/22/14
Outlaw K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Better to be an Outlaw than begging for the State to recognize your worthiness, only you can set yourself free…even demands on your oppressor perpetuate the power relationship whereby you are still under their control Wolfe ‘1 Claire, “Living the Outlaw Life: Freeing your inner outlaw,” June, http://www.backwoodshome.com/columns/wolfe0106.html
Dignity is the greatest weapon against Capitalist Hegemony and it can only be wielded by refusing to follow the agenda set by the Oppressor – “confronting” is just the flip-side of “conforming” Holloway ‘10 John, Professor in the Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades of the Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla in Mexico, Crack Capitalism, 49-50
2/22/14
Passivity K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The AFF fails to understand the way that the individual shapes war and everyday violence Kappeler 95(Susanne, Associate Professor at Al-Akhawayn University, The Will to Violence: The politics of personal behavior, Pg.10-11)
That leads to passivity Antonio, 95 – Professor of Sociology at the University of Kansas (Robert J., “Nietzsche's Antisociology: Subjectified Culture and the End of History,” The American Journal of Sociology, 101.1, p. 14-15, 1995)
2/22/14
Pink Tide DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Chavez’s death means Pink tide at a cross road Panizza ’13 Dr Francisco Panizza is the Head of the Latin America International Affairs Programme at LSE IDEAS. He is a Reader in the Department of Government at the London School of Economics. “Latin America: Life after Chavez (and Lula)” – April 4th – http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/ideas/2013/04/latin-america-life-after-chavez-and-lula/
The plan kills US resolve and funds the pink tide Brookes ‘9 (Peter – Heritage council, Senior Fellow, Brookes is serving his third term as a congressionally appointed member of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. He previously served in the administration of President George W. Bush as deputy assistant secretary of defense for Asian and Pacific affairs. In this post, he was responsible for U.S. defense policy for 38 countries and five bilateral defense alliances in Asia, Brookes was a professional staff member with the House International Relations Committee. He also served with the CIA and the State Department at the United Nations. In the private sector, he worked in the defense and intelligence industries.¶ A decorated Navy veteran, Brookes served on active duty in Latin America, Asia and the Middle East in aviation and intelligence billets, Brookes, now a retired Navy commander, served as a reservist with the National Security Agency, Defense Intelligence Agency, Naval Intelligence, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Office of the Vice President, Brookes is pursuing a doctorate at Georgetown University. He is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy (B.S.); the Defense Language Institute (Russian); the Naval War College; and the Johns Hopkins University (M.A.). He also has taught at the National Defense University and studied German and Polish, National Security Affairs, “Keep the Embargo, O” – April 16 – http://www.heritage.org/research/commentary/2009/04/keep-the-embargo-o)
Castro-led pink tide causes US-Russia military confrontations. Walser ‘8 (Ray Walser, Senior Policy Analyst for Latin America at the Heritage Foundation – Chávez, Venezuela, and Russia: A New Cuban Missile Crisis? – WebMemo #2064 -- September 15th http://www.heritage.org/Research/LatinAmerica/wm2064.cfm)
Small US-Russia conflicts can escalate or cause nuclear miscalc Gottemoeller ‘8 (Rose Gottemoeller was sworn in as the United States Department of State's Assistant Secretary for Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance on April 6, 2009. She was the chief negotiator of the follow on for the Strategic Arms Reductions Treaty otherwise known as the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START) with the Russian Federation. Since 2000, she had been with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace – “U.S.-Russia Cooperation on Iran: Aftermath of the Summer War in Georgia,” Carnegie Moscow Center, August- July 2008. PLESE NOTE – THIS CARD APPEARS IN A HOST OF CURRENT OPEN-SOURCE DEBATE DOCS AND THE URL THAT APPEARS ON THOSE CARDS MISDIRECTS TO A DIFFERENT Gottemoeller ARTICLE. The website below redirects to her October article: http://www.scribd.com/doc/13031239/RussianAmerican-Security-Relations-After-Georgia)
2/22/14
Plutocracy K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Progressive movements have emerged in Latin America to challenge American-style plutocracy -- the plan reverses these alternative gains Vattimo and Zabala 11 (Gianni, Prof. of Theoretical Philosophy @ U of Turin, Santiago, Prof. of Philosophy @ U of Barcelona, Hermeneutic Communism, pgs. 124-131)
Extinction – corporatist monocultures force conformity to a single mode of being – others are externalized through violence Lander ‘2, (Edgardo, Prof. of Sociology and Latin American studies at the Venezuelan Central University in Caracas, “Eurocentrism, Modern Knowledges, and the “Natural” Order of Global Capital, Nepantla: Views from South”, 3.2, muse)
Our alternative is to call for a paradigm shift in social relations towards a more equitable distribution of resources. This is a decision-making framework that recognizes a material foundation for autonomy as a prerequisite to democratic communication. Briscoe '12 Felicia, Professor of Education at UTSA, "Anarchist, Neoliberal, and Democratic Decision-Making: Deepening the Joy in Learning and Teaching" Education Studies, Vol. 48, Issue 1http:www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00131946.2011.637257#preview, xdi
Political capital is key – Obama’s maneuvering overcomes hurdles Birnbaum 6-12 Jeremy. Politics for the Washington Times. “Sensational Season for Scandal: When a Ship Runs Aground, it’s the Captain’s Fault” The Washington Times, 6/12/13 ln
US-India relations solves South Asian nuclear war. Schaffer, Spring 2002 (Teresita – Director of the South Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Security, Washington Quarterly, p. Lexis)
2/22/14
Pozo K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Affirmation is bad. Aesthetics must be NEGATIVE–standing not for the world as it is but the world as it could be. Pozo 9 ANTONIO GUTIÉRREZ POZO, Filozofická fakulta, Sevilská univerzita, Sevilla, Španielsko POZO, A. G.: Utopia in Black. The Negative Aesthetics of Adorno and the Contemporary Black Art FILOZOFIA 64, 2009, No 5, p. 481
Our alternative NEGATIVE AESTHETIC SOLVES the aff as its ANTITHESIS–embrace negativity and UGLINESS as such, as opposed to the aff which AFFIRMS them as BEAUTIFUL—we capture the same ACCEPTANCE without AFFIRMATION and solve RESSENTIMENT without COMPLACENCY Pozo 9 ANTONIO GUTIÉRREZ POZO, Filozofická fakulta, Sevilská univerzita, Sevilla, Španielsko POZO, A. G.: Utopia in Black. The Negative Aesthetics of Adorno and the Contemporary Black Art FILOZOFIA 64, 2009, No 5, p. 481
2/22/14
Presumption K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: There is no reason to vote affirmative - there's no link between their proposal and practical worldly effects due to misrepresentation of agent Schlag 90 Professor Of Law@ Univ. Colorado, 1990 (Pierre, Stanford Law Review, November, http://spot.colorado.edu/~schlag/SchlagSLR.pdf, chm )ellipses in original
They fail to problematize the lack of a stable rational subject behind the law, which guarantees fascism by ignoring the questions of subjectivity. We should stop asking what to do, and start asking how we got here Schlag in 1991 (pierre, colorado law prof. 139 u. Pa. L. Rev.801, april)
2/22/14
Process vs Outcomes
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: A. Interpretation: Debate should be about the outcome of an action rather than the process of the action itself B. Multiple Violations: 1. No advocacy statement proves they don’t advocate anything and is reason to give us a lot of leeway on the violation 2. They focus on the idea of “interrogating” being good or bad rather than what interrogating would result in.
C. Net Benefits: Social Justice Disad – The aff attempts to solve for equality with examining the costs of that action, this causes twisted forms of “Social Justice” that cause more exclusion than they preserve. We cannot simply "do something." Instead we must begin with the world we live in, evaluating the real effects our calls for justice can have. Thomas Sowell, Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institute, 1999 on the faculties of leading universities nation-wide, The Quest for Cosmic Justice, The Free Press: New York, pg. 6-11
Second is Partisanship: Focusing Agency on Identifying Root Causes Reorients Partisanship Towards the Center of Politics – By Focusing Solely on the Ability to Reveal These Structures, the Aff Locks Us Into a System of Deliberative Binaries That Makes Evaluation Impossible Adolf G. Gundersen, Assoc Prof Polisci at Texas AandM, 2000 Political Theory and Partisan Politics p. 97-8
Even if some freeplay is good – Key stasis points are both inevitable and critical to research and dialogue Hanghoj 08 - Since this PhD project began in 2004, the present author has been affiliated with DREAM (Danish Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials), which is located at the Institute of Literature, Media and Cultural Studies at the University of Southern Denmark. Research visits have taken place at the Centre for Learning, Knowledge, and Interactive Technologies (L-KIT), the Institute of Education at the University of Bristol and the institute formerly known as Learning Lab Denmark at the School of Education, University of Aarhus, where I currently work as an assistant professor. (Thorkild, http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf)
2/22/14
Queer PIC
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: We endorse all of the affirmative’s advocacy except for the use of the term “Queer”
Saying “queer” positions oneself outside of the norm-Makes it impossible to ever be inclusive Goodloe, Instructor, Program for Writing and Rhetoric @ CU Boulder, 94 Amy“Lesbian-Feminism and Queer Theory: Another “Battle of the Sexes”?, http://www.lesbian.org/amy/essays/lesfem-qtheory.html
Framing your aff using “queer” A) reinscribes outsiderhood because it legitimizes exclusion and B) Collapses fluid identity because it connotes a minority Term “queer” ascribes people to minority status and collapses lesbian feminism-Should be understood as the norm, not the minority Jeffreys, prof of Political Science @ the University of Melbourne in Australia, 3 Sheila, Unpacking Queer Politics: A Lesbian Feminist Perspective, pg. google books
2/22/14
Queer Theory K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Queer theory recreates violent binary systems by trying to mix and exaggerate gender systems-A lesbian feminist approach is best because it eliminates categories altogether Jeffreys, prof of Political Science @ the University of Melbourne in Australia, 3 Sheila, Unpacking Queer Politics: A Lesbian Feminist Perspective, pg. google books
Queer theory collapses lesbian theory and asserts violent hegemony over the knowledge industry-this reinscribes categories and makes a broad movement impossible, turning the aff Goodloe, Instructor, Program for Writing and Rhetoric @ CU Boulder, 94 Amy“Lesbian-Feminism and Queer Theory: Another “Battle of the Sexes”?, http://www.lesbian.org/amy/essays/lesfem-qtheory.html
Endorsing queer theory causes cynicism and destruction in lesbian and gay culture-This causes people to backlash to a naturalistic ontology, turning case Seidman, sociologist and professor of State University of New York at Albany, 95 “Deconstructing queer theory or the under-theorization of the social and the ethical”, in Social Postmodernism: Beyond Identity Politics, Linda J. Nicholson and Steven Seidman
2/22/14
Refuse the Givens K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: The aff’s rejection of chaos constructs an unreal perfect world opposite reality that they order themselves to – this engenders ressentiment. They blame the chaos that is a part of them on their neighbor, and try to eradicated it. Paul Saurette, PhD in political theory at John Hopkins U, in 96 "I mistrust all systematizers and avoid them': Nietzshce, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in INternational Relations Theory." Millenium Journal of International Studies. Vol. 25 no. 1 page 3-6
The affirmative runs from the horror of existence – they do not confront suffering, masking it and making life just a struggle to survive Kain 7 (Philip J, Professor of philosophy at University of Santa Clara, "Nietzsche, Eternal Recurrence, and the Horror of Existence," the Journal of Nietzsche Studies, muse, AD: 7/2/09) jl
The 1AC mirrors a system of politics that seeks to justify ressentiment through a structuring of the event of existence. You must refuse to concern yourself with the affirmative’s incessant paranoia about our insecure world instead affirming chance as necessary to love life. Nietzsche 1879 “HUMAN, ALL TOO HUMAN”, MAXIM 284
Melancholy negates the will to act – it makes us slaves of the powerful and makes our fears of death absurd – vote negative to reject the 1AC salvation morality Deleuze and Parnet ‘87 famous philosopher, Professor of Philosophy at the Sorbonne, Dialogues II, European Perspectives, with Claire Parnet, freelance journalist, translated by Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, 2002 pgs.61-62
Our alternative is to refuse the givens of the state and internalize the inevitability of suffering and death. Voting negative means refusing to recognize the authority of the state as a manager of the future---if we win the axioms of the 1ac are invalid, we have disproven their postulate---vote negative. Smith ‘97, professor of political science at the University of Wales, (Steve, Review of International Studies, Cambridge journals online)ÿ
2/22/14
Renewables DA
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Renewable Energy is beginning to quickly replace fossil fuels because of competitive prices American Council On Renewable Energy (ACORE), California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF), and Climate Policy Initiative 2013 (ACORE, a 501(c)(3) non-profit membership organization, is dedicated to building a secure and prosperous America with clean, renewable energy. ACORE provides a common educational platform for a wide range of interests in the renewable energy community, focusing on technology, finance and policy. We convene thought leadership forums and create energy industry partnerships to communicate the economic, security and environmental benefits of renewable energy. Founded in 2004, the California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF) is a family of non-profit organizations working together to accelerate the movement of clean energy technologies along the continuum from innovation to infrastructure. Using tools from finance, public policy and technological innovation, CalCEF pursues these goals at the local, state and national levels via three affiliated entities: CalCEF Ventures, an evergreen investment fund; CalCEF Innovations, which leads CalCEF’s analysis and solutions development; and CalCEF Catalyst, an industry acceleration platform. Climate Policy Initiative is an analysis and advisory organization that works to improve the most important energy and land use policies in the world. An independent, not-for-profit organization supported in part by a grant from the Open Society Foundations, CPI has offices and programs in Brazil, China, Europe, India, Indonesia, and the United States. “Strategies to Scale-Up U.S. Renewable Energy Investment” http://www.oregonwave.org/wp-content/uploads/Strategies-to-Scale-Up-US-Renewable-Energy-Investment.pdf)
The Plan causes massive investment and consumption of Cuban Oil Benjamin-Alvadaro 6 (Jonathan, Report for the Cuban Research Institute, Florida International University, PhD, Professor of Political Science at University of Nebraska at Omaha, Director of the Intelligence Community Centers of Academic Excellence Program at UNO, Treasurer of the American Political Science Association, “The Current Status and Future Prospects for Oil Exploration in Cuba: A Special,” http://cri.fiu.edu/research/commissioned-reports/oil-cuba-alvarado.pdf) The lower oil prices caused by the plan would cause a decrease in renewable energy and an increase in oil dependency CBO, 2012 (Congressional Budget Office, “Energy Security in the United States”, May, http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/05-09-EnergySecurity.pdf) Halting the transition to renewable energy causes large and rapid increases in global warming which causes massive disasters and destroys the environment. Leahy, ’11 (Stephen, Independent environmental journalist for 16 years, “Permafrost Melt Soon Irreversible Without Major Fossil Fuel Cuts”, Feb 21, http://www.countercurrents.org/leahy210911.htm)
6/15/14
Russian Sanctions DA
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Currently, the US has only implemented symbolic sanctions on Russia, with no real bite. The only way to get Russia to truly listen to us is to sanction the energy sector, which accounts for 75 of Russia’s GDP. However, we can’t afford to do this until we diversify our energy interests more. This is David Unger, with Christian Science Moniter, on March 21st of this year: (“More US sanctions on Russia over Crimea. Why energy is largely untouched.”, http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/Energy-Voices/2014/0321/More-US-sanctions-on-Russia-over-Crimea.-Why-energy-is-largely-untouched.-video) CC
Slapping energy sanctions on Russia will not solve any problems. It will only make Russia more angry and cause Putin to lash out with his military in a last effort to retain power, this would possibly lead to an all-out war This is George C. Lodge, writing for PBS NewsHour, on March 13th of this year: (“An economic way to nudge Putin out of the crisis in Ukraine”, http://www.pbs.org/newshour/making-sense/an-economic-way-to-nudge-putin-out-of-the-crisis-in-ukraine/) CC
6/15/14
Science K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Science is imperialism Hamm 5, - (Bernd, Professor of Sociology, Jean Monnet Professor of European Studies, UNESCO Chair in Europe in a Global Perspective at the University of Trier, Germany, “Cynical Science: Science and Truth as Cultural Imperialism,” cut from Cultural Imperialism: Essays on the Political Economy of Cultural Domination, google books)A-Berg
Science is imperialism Hamm 5, - (Bernd, Professor of Sociology, Jean Monnet Professor of European Studies, UNESCO Chair in Europe in a Global Perspective at the University of Trier, Germany, “Cynical Science: Science and Truth as Cultural Imperialism,” cut from Cultural Imperialism: Essays on the Political Economy of Cultural Domination, google books)A-Berg
6/15/14
Security K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: The 1AC’s Orthodox IR’s atomistic approach to global problems makes extinction inevitable Ahmed 12 Dr. Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed is Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development (IPRD), an independent think tank focused on the study of violent conflict, he has taught at the Department of International Relations, University of Sussex "The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society" Global Change, Peace and Security Volume 23, Issue 3, 2011 Taylor Francis 3. From securitisation to militarisation 3.1 Complicity
Reject the affirmatives securitized discourse – rejection of securitized rhetoric is necessary to foster change LAL 08, (Prerna P. Lal, J.D. in law, freelance writer, “Deconstructing the National Security State: Towards a New Framework of Analysis,” POSC 4910: Senior Seminar, http://prernalal.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/css-deconstructing-the-nat-sec-state.pdf , KENTUCKY)
2/22/14
Sex Trafficking DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Lifting the Embargo will increase sex trafficking – the government is empirically willing to hide it. CIA 5/15/13 Central Intelligence Agency. (Do they need qualifications? Jk – they are an independent US government agency responsible for providing national security intelligence). May 15, 2013. “The World Factbook.” https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu.html Accessed 7/5/13
We have a moral obligation to fight human trafficking Pryce ‘6 Deborah Pryce. (US Representative). May 8, 2006. “Combatting Modern Day Slavery.” http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=14618 Accessed 7/5/13
2/22/14
Sexist Victimization K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The hero-victim rhetoric of the 1ac is inherently sexist Soderlund 5 (Gretchen Soderlund is Assistant Director of the Center for the Study of Communication and Society and Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Chicago. Send correspondence to soderlun@uchicago.edu. Running from the Rescuers: New U.S. Crusades Against Sex Trafficking and the Rhetoric of Abolition¶ http://traffickingroundtable.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Soderlund-Running-from-the-Rescuers.pdf OP)
Empirically proven – the aff often misunderstands the complexity of trafficking Soderlund 5 (Gretchen Soderlund is Assistant Director of the Center for the Study of Communication and Society and Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Chicago. Send correspondence to soderlun@uchicago.edu. Running from the Rescuers: New U.S. Crusades Against Sex Trafficking and the Rhetoric of Abolition http://traffickingroundtable.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Soderlund-Running-from-the-Rescuers.pdf OP)
Innocence is a fantasy projected onto women Soderlund 5 (Gretchen Soderlund is Assistant Director of the Center for the Study of Communication and Society and Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Chicago. Send correspondence to soderlun@uchicago.edu. Running from the Rescuers: New U.S. Crusades Against Sex Trafficking and the Rhetoric of Abolition¶ http://traffickingroundtable.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Soderlund-Running-from-the-Rescuers.pdf OP)
Victim discourse is a disguise for imperialism Soderlund 5 (Gretchen Soderlund is Assistant Director of the Center for the Study of Communication and Society and Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Chicago. Send correspondence to soderlun@uchicago.edu. Running from the Rescuers: New U.S. Crusades Against Sex Trafficking and the Rhetoric of Abolition¶ http://traffickingroundtable.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Soderlund-Running-from-the-Rescuers.pdf OP)
2/22/14
Shapiro K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The division between those who exist inside verses outside boundaries justifies warfare Shapiro 95 (Michael, Professor of Political Science at the University of Hawaii at M?noa, Body and Society, Vol 1, # 1) KSM
We must view warfare as an effect of individual and collective identities created through discursive relations and reject an enemy-other dichotomy. Shapiro 97 Michael J. Univ. of Hawaii – Prof. of Poli Sci. Violent Cartographies – Mapping Cultures of War. Univ. of Minnesota Press; Minnesota JL
6/15/14
Should Plan Flaw
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Affirmative plan states that the federal government “should” do the plan
“Should” is a word of probability does not mean will or must, only “ought to but not necessarily will.”
Should is not guarantee of action. If the affirmative had wanted to ensure that the United States Federal Government would do the plan they would have used the words “will” or “must.” Without such words they cannot guarantee that any action is taken at all.
The affirmative is allowed a fiat power to ensure that their plan is established. No more. Their plan, as written, becomes law. If the plan, as written, is flawed, it is the flawed plan that is fiated into action.
This flaw mitigates affirmative solvency, or failing a complete mitigation still introduces doubt about whether the affirmative plan will do anything. Remember, the affirmative’s fiat power is limited to enacting their plan as written, not to enacting and re-writing their plan into the best possible wording. We must rely upon the text of the plan, that and only that is what is fiated into existence.
Do not let the affirmative claim any solvency—“should” is no guarantee of any action, it is only a hope. I should watch what I eat and do my homework, but that is no guarantee that I will do either.
Do not allow any lee-way or shifting of the affirmative position or solvency mechanism. The affirmative could have easily dealt with this plan flaw by using the words “will” or “must” instead of should. Don’t punish the negative team for the aff’s flaw by allowing them new answers or the ability to re-write or change their plan text. This was a one-word fix and the affirmative failed to do that fix. The affirmative’s sloppy grammar means only one thing—their ambiguous plan text must be rejected.
Vote negative. No plan means no policy, no affirmation of the resolution. You cannot vote affirmative when the affirmative has no policy proposal.
2/22/14
Social Justice K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The aff is cosmic justice – losing what is attainable in the quest of the unattainable Thomas Sowell, Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institute, 1999 on the faculties of leading universities nation-wide, The Quest for Cosmic Justice, The Free Press: New York, pg. 43-48
Can’t achieve solvency and locks us into the binaries that they criticize because they are coercion through rhetorical manipulation The alternative is a Critical Pedagogy dissatisfied with the Process of Politics Adolf G. Gundersen, Assoc Prof Polisci at Texas AandM, 2000 Political Theory and Partisan Politics p. 97-8
2/22/14
Soft Power K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Soft Power is a form of Cultural Imperialism and Colonization- It Attempts to make the Empire Easier to Swallow James Petras 2004, Professor of Sociology at Suny- Binghamton The Challenge of the New Colonization of Education: ALCA And Pedagogy For Oppression, http://www.rebelion.org/noticia.php?id=6703
This cultural whitewashing is the worst form of colonialism- this perpetuates structural violence—it outweighs war and their one-shot advantage. Russel Lawrence Barsh, 1993Professor of Native American Studies at the University of Lethbridge and United Nations Representative of the Mikmaq Grand Council and Four Directions Council, (“The Challenge Of Indigenous Self-Determination,” University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform (26 U. Mich. J.L. Reform 277), Winter, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Lexis-Nexis)
The role of the ballot is to ensure cultural survival – It’s a D-Rule given its implicit relation to human survival Patrick J. Deneen, 2008Associate Professor of Government and Markos and Eleni Tsakopoulos-Kounalakis Chair in Hellenic Studies at Georgetown University, Director of the Tocqueville Forum on the Roots of American Democracy, (“Technology, Culture, and Virtue," The New Atlantis, Number 21, Summer, Available Online at http://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/technology-culture-and-virtue)
2/22/14
Stupidism K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The search for a meaningful critical reflection and deep metaphysical profundity is stupid -- vote neg
ten Bos '7 Rene, Social Epistemology Vol 21 No 2 "The Vitality of Stupidity" professor of philosophy and organizational theory at Radboud University, The Netherlands. He is the author of 13 or so books and more than 100 articles which merely suggest a wisdom where there is not. Currently, he is writing a book on animals and the various ways human beings organize, domesticate and copy them. A central thought in this book is that animals cannot be stupid. jstor
2/22/14
Subjectivity of Nature K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Granting subjectivity and rights to nature is handing it a poisoned chalice, entering it into a competition it can never effectively play, which inevitably results in disaster, and the more we are reconciled with nature, the less we can be reconciled with ourselves, resulting in mass extermination through nuclear or biological means. Baudrillard in 94 Jean, “The Illusion of the End” p. 80-84
2/22/14
Suffering K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The aff commodifies the suffering of Latin Americans in exchange for your ballot - the most unethical form of intellectual imperialism Baudrillard 94 Jean, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71
vote negative to reject their exchange system and refuse to engage in the market of trauma Tomsky 11 (Terri, Ph.D in English from U-British Columbia, postdoctoral fellow in cultural memory at the University of Alberta From Sarajevo to 9/11: Travelling Memory and the Trauma Economy, Parallax Volume 17, Issue 4, 2011)
B. Violation – the aff is sanctions – it INSERT AFF AND EXPLANATION
That’s a voter for fairness and education –
Limits – engagement has such a broad definition in the literature that including negative policies means the neg has to be prepared to defend a bidirectional topic with both engagement and disengagement – negs will have to research whole other literature bases 2. Ground – all key generics rely on increasing cooperation with another country – their interp kills DAs, CPs, and Ks because they reverse the direction of the topic
2/22/14
T - Economic Engagement
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: A. Interpretation – “economic engagement” means the aff must be an exclusively economic action – it cannot encompass broader forms of engagement Jakstaite, 10 - Doctoral Candidate Vytautas Magnus University Faculty of Political Sciences and Diplomacy (Lithuania) (Gerda, “Containment and Engagement as Middle-Range Theories” Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Volume 3, Number 2 (2010), DOI: 10.2478/V10076-010-0015-7)
That means trade and aid in the form of loans or grants in contracts Resnick 1 – Dr. Evan Resnick, Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University, Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yeshiva University, “Defining Engagement”, Journal of International Affairs, Spring, 54(2), Ebsco A REFINED DEFINITION OF ENGAGEMENT
B. Violation – the affirmative removes restrictions on registration and renewal of trademarks, which is not an exclusively economic instrument – one time appeasement
C. Vote negative
Predictable limits – blurring the lines between economic and other forms of engagement makes any positive interaction with another country topical – becomes impossible for the neg to predict or prepare
2. Equitable ground – the economic limit is vital to critiques of economics, trade disads, and non-economic counterplans
2/22/14
T - Engagement
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Interpretation – Engagement and economic diplomacy require negotiations by the governments involved; anything else is commercial Vickers 12 – Dr. Brendan Vickers, Research Associate on Global Economy and Development at the Institute for Global Dialogue, South African Foreign Policy Review, Volume 1, Ed. Landsberg and Van Wyk, p. 112-113
Violation – The affirmative is not engagement – they (use private companies for engagement/engage private companies/use a 3rd party organization)
Reject the team
Limits – not limiting engagement to the 2 governments involved blows the lid off the topic – justifies the involvement of international organizations, non governmental actors, and private companies
Ground – direct engagement with the government is the only stable basis for negative ground – both governments must be involved to gain links to international politics DA’s, explicit QPQ’s, and relations based disadvantages
2/22/14
T - Increase
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: A. Increase means make greater Dictionary.com 2012 in·crease? ?v. in-krees; n. in-krees Show IPA verb, in·creased, in·creas·ing, noun
Violation: The aff must be pre-existing
B. Interpretation - “Economic engagement” is limited to expanding economic ties. Çelik 11 – Arda Can Çelik, Master’s Degree in Politics and International Studies from Uppsala University, Economic Sanctions and Engagement Policies, p. 11
Violation – The aff is not economic, only engagement.
Vote negative – LIMITS – there are a near infinite range of forms of engagement, only allowing pre-existing, economic, forms is key to creating a brightline on literature
GROUND – They deny us disads based on economic integration which is the core of the topic.
2/22/14
T - Quid Pro Quo
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Interpretation - “Engagement” requires the provision of positive incentives Haass 00 – Richard Haass and Meghan O’Sullivan, Brookings Institution Foreign Policy Studies Program, Honey and Vinegar: Incentives, Sanctions, and Foreign Policy, p. 1-2
That means the plan must be a quid-pro-quo De LaHunt 6 - Assistant Director for Environmental Health and Safety Services in Colorado College's Facilities Services department (John, “Perverse and unintended” Journal of Chemical Health and Safety, July-August, Science direct)
a. Violation – the plan isn’t qpq
b. Voting issue:
Limits --- it functionally narrows the topic because few cases can defend conditioning --- the alternative is hundreds of single import or export cases that explode the Neg’s research burden
2. Ground --- QPQ locks in core generics like soft power and foreign politics DAs, counterplans to add or remove a condition, and critiques of diplomacy
2/22/14
T - Solvency Advocate
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: A. INTERPRETATION- AFFIRMATIVES MUST HAVE A SOLVENCY ADVOCATE SPECIFYING THE MECHANISM OF THEIR AFFIRMATIVE
B. VIOLATION- FIRST, POINTING OUT A PROBLEM ISNT THE SAME BECAUSE ADVOCACY IS RESPONDED TO DIFFERENTLY. SECOND,
BEST INTERP- ENSURES LITERATURE EXISTS TO DIFFERENTIATE PLAN AND THE COUNTERPLAN- C. VOTING ISSUE-
A) CLASH-
TWO IMPACTS- FIRST IT HURTS ABILITY TO HAVE ENGAGED DISCUSSIONS- THAT PREVENTS TOPIC EDUCATION
SECOND IT MEANS YOUR EVALUATION IS BASED OFF OF PURELY IDEALS- THIS SKEWS DEBATE TOO FAR AFFIRMATIVE
B) EDUCATION- DEBATE SHOULD MIRROR REAL WORLD POLICY CONSIDERATION- IF ITS NOT GROUNDED IN THE LITERATURE ITS PROBABLY NOT A RELEVANT
ITS PRIMA FASCIA BURDEN FOR THE 1AC
2/22/14
Taoism K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Plans to fix the world are rooted in an egotistical desire for management and control that is the root cause of all suffering and violence. Slabbert ’01 (Jos, Taoist teacher and philosopher “Tao Te Ching: Qualities of Compassion: How to Deal With Suffering,” http://www.taoism.net/theway/suffer.htm)
The alternative is to take no action to create desired ends—an acceptance that we are created out of a combination of movements and will be part of a further transformation after our deaths Kirkland ’96 (Russell, professor of Asian religions and Taoism at the University of Georgia, “The Book of the Way,” Great Literature of the Eastern World, http://kirkland.myweb.uga.edu/rk/pdf/pubs/DAODE.pdf)
6/15/14
Technology Bad K
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Technology leads to elite exploitation Lawler 4 – Professor at Berry College (Peter Augustine, “The Problem of Technology”,8/6/4, http://www.isi.org/lectures/text/pdf/lawler8-6-04.pdf,DA:10/31/11,HG)
Kills VTL Davis 1 (Dena, Professor of bioethics at Cleveland State University, “Is Life of Infinite Value?” Project Muse,) CC
Death rhetoric facilitates calculative thought to try and solve death. Lawler 4 – Professor at Berry College (Peter Augustine, “The Problem of Technology”,8/6/4, http://www.isi.org/lectures/text/pdf/lawler8-6-04.pdf,DA:10/31/11,HG)
2/22/14
Terrorism K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Preemption disad—the war on terror requires preempting a nebulous enemy Massumi 7 (Brian, currently teaching at Université de Montréal, in the Communication Sciences Department, “Potential Politics and the Primacy of Preemption”, Theory and Event 10:2, dml)
They construct threats – causes genocide Jackson 5 (Richard, Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Manchester, “Language Power and Politics: Critical Discourse Analysis and the War on Terrorism,” 49th Parallel, http://www.49thparallel.bham.ac.uk/back/issue15/jackson1.htm, dml)
2/22/14
Trojan Horse K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The plan’s economic engagement becomes a Trojan horse for American mass media control Schiller ‘91 Herbert I. Schiller (1991), American “Not yet the post?imperialist era”, Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 8:1, 13-28
The new threat of American cultural imperialism that stems from electronics is a new colonialism, worse than the original, eating up “weaker” cultures Said 93 (Edward W., Post Colonial philosopher, author or Orientalism, “Culture and Imperialism,” p. 291-292.) CEFS
The alternative is to decolonize Latin America through the empowerment of Latin American culture, allowing the cultural imperialism to be stopped dead in its tracks. Adopt the ethic of Caliban, halted by his past, but open to the future, and able to discover the pre-colonial self. Said 93 (Edward W., Post Colonial philosopher, author or Orientalism, “Culture and Imperialism,” p. 212-14.) CEFS
6/15/14
Value K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Saying that life can be “valued” is intrinsically an act of commodification. It treats people like a nice car or house, justifying leaving people in the dust once they are no longer productive. Davis 1 (Dena, Professor of bioethics at Cleveland State University, “Is Life of Infinite Value?” Project Muse,) CC
There is an infinite value to life - their value to life claims causes extinction Kateb 92, Professor of Politics at Princeton University, (George, The Inner Ocean, pg. 144)
All persons have a value to life, preventing their death is the MOST important and ethical action, always for value to life in the future. Harris 99 (John, Professor center of Social Ethics and Policy, “The Concept of the Person and the Value of Life”, Project Muse) CC
2/22/14
Venezuela QPQ CP
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Text: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase oil investments in Venezuela if and only if Venezuela: - Ousts narco-kingpins from government - Institutes constitutional reform - Adopts meaningful economic and electoral reforms - Dismantles Iranian and Hezbollah networks in Venezuela, and - Demonstrates commitment to protecting human rights
The first net benefit is democracy— The counterplan establishes it – their solvency advocate concludes neg Christy 3-15 (Patrick Christy, senior policy analyst @ the Foreign Policy Initiative, “Obama Must Stand Up for Democracy in Post-Chavez Venezuela,” U.S. News World Report, 3-15-13, http://vip001.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/world-report/2013/03/15/after-chavez-us-must-encourage-democratic-venezuela) Democracy is key to prevent extinction. Diamond, 95, Larry, Senior Research Fellow at the Hoover Institute, 1995, Promoting Democracy in the 1990s, Online
The second net benefit is US Leadership US involvement in democratic and market reform key to leadership in the region Noriega and Cardenas, 13 Roger F., former assistant secretary of state under President George W. Bush, is a visiting fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, Jose R., former acting assistant administrator for Latin America at the U.S. Agency for International Development in the George W. Bush administration, is an associate with Vision Americas, Washington Times, 3/7/13, http://www.aei.org/article/foreign-and-defense-policy/regional/latin-america/igniting-the-post-chavez-explosion/, “Igniting the post-Chávez explosion,” ADM
2/22/14
Vermicomposting DA
Tournament: All 2 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All 2 | Judge: Ending the trade embargo undermines Cuba’s worm tech exports. Their expertise exist because of financial constraints – not choice Ewing 08 Ed Ewing, “Cuba's organic revolution,” guardian.co.uk, Thursday 3 April 2008 20.02 EDT, pg. http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/apr/04/organics.food
Worms are key to our planetary survival. Vermicomposting expertise is limited Blakemore 10 - Studied ‘VermEcology’ for 30 years and holds qualifications in ecology, computing and permaculture. Dr. Rob Blakemore, “Wonder Worm to the rescue,” Our World 2.0, July 2, 2010, pg. http://ourworld.unu.edu/en/wonder-worm-to-the-rescue/
2/22/14
Victimization K
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Calls to take action and alleviate suffering from within the debate space are nothing more than us vampirically draining the life out of the so-called “victims,” commodifying their pain for the ballot and inserting them into the liberal exchange economy and the military-industrial-complex – turns case Baudrillard 96 (Jean Baudrillard The Perfect Crime, 1996, pg 133 – 137, CP)
2/22/14
Virilio K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: Timeframe based calculations justify the invocation of speed as a political ontology Vivian 13. Bradford Vivian, Professor of Communication and Rhetorical Studies at Syracuse University, “Times of Violence,” Quarterly Journal of Speech Published online: 27 Mar 2013 pg. 1
Tournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The aff reveals the perspective of the oppressed, and in so doing shares their secrets—this undermines the potential for resistance, turning the case Hundleby 5 (Catherine, U of Windsor, The Epistemological Evaluation of Oppositional Secrets, Hypatia, 20(4), Fall 2005, p. 44-58)LA
2/22/14
Zerzan K
Tournament: All 3 | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: The urge for technological development exploits and devalues life John Zerzan American anarchist and primitivist philosopher and author 2003“Globalization And Its Apologists: An Abolitionist Perspective”