Tournament: North | Round: 2 | Opponent: Union | Judge:
Contention 1: The Problem
Environmental racism is caused by not recognizing that privilege and consumption is not free, but pushed on those we deem disposable populations. US economic policies in the status quo ignore these forms of violence.
Bolterstein 2000 (Elyse, B.S. Resource Ecology and Management from University of Michigan,” Environmental Justice Case Study: Maquiladora Workers and Border Issues”) aml
Within the last 30 years, the 2,000-mile border between the United States and Mexico has become
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all along the river and causing a much greater Hepatitis A risk (Public Citizen, 1998b).
This is the deadliest form of violence
Abu-Jamal 1998 Mumia, award-winning Pennsylvania journalist, A Quiet and Deadly Violence. http://www.angelfire.com/az/catchphraze/mumiaswords.html#quiet
It has often been observed that America is a truly violent nation,
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poor every year of every decade, throughout the world.
Contention 2: Education
Crisis is created because as a debate community we are complacent with our current understanding of economic engagement. This same complacency is what causes our consumption to be pushed on the disposable populations. Pedagogy is essential to question this complacency.
Bowers 2000 (C.A. Professor Emeritus University of Oregon and Portland State University, TOWARD AN ECO-JUSTICE PEDAGOGY, http://www.bath.ac.uk/cree/resources/ecerbowers.pdf, Vance)
One of the dominant features of our times is the failure
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and of the Western¶ Enlightenment project.
Current US policies towards economic engagement creates cheap labor ensuring that the people doing the labor are deemed as disposable and live in degraded environments. Traditional debate practices are complacent with this form of violence.
Bullard 2002 (Robert D., Ph.D. Environmental Justice Resource Center Clark Atlanta University, “POVERTY, POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL RACISM: STRATEGIES FOR BUILDING HEALTHY AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES”, http://www.ejrc.cau.edu/PovpolEj.html) aml
Whether at home or abroad, environmental racism disadvantages
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brown pallor of these southwestern skies has become a major health hazards."
A pedagogy of eco-justice questions the underlying assumptions of how we use the institutional environment to create racism.
Gruenewald 2003 (David Professor of Education Department of Teaching and Learning, Washington State University, Educational Researcher, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 3–12, Vance)
Although leading proponents of education for equity and social justice commonly
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explores the complex interrelationships between cultural and ecological environments.
Absent an investigation into pedagogies of how we create disposable populations Western forms of epistemology will continue massive destruction to those outside the “first-world” ensuring extinction.
Darder 2010 (Antonia Distinguished Professor of Education University of Illinois, Critical Pedagogy,
Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis, Preface, Vance)
The Western ethos of mastery and supremacy over nature has accompanied,¶
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valued for their creative¶ potential in the making of a truly democratic, just, and peaceful world.
Contention 3: We can help
As debaters from Edmond we recognize we are lucky to have the opportunity to discuss issues of economic engagement, it is now a choice of what we do with that. We think the better pedagogy comes from checking our privilege speaking from this location about how institutional racism actually affects people rather than ridiculous nuclear war scenarios; this recognition is the first step to create a substantive pedagogical change in this debate space.
Gruenewald 2003 (David Professor of Education Department of Teaching and Learning, Washington State University, Educational Researcher, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 3–12, Vance)
In this article I analyze and synthesize elements of two distinct literatures, critical
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education and the politics of economic development unexamined.
Our performance is not a passive call for a market solution but an act of subjectivity as debaters in an open community against neoliberalism. This call to our community in the debate space is important to challenge institutions that shape knowledge. This is the only substantive change that can occur within this round.
Gibson-Graham 2001 (J.K. (pen name of Julie Graham Prof. of Geography @ UMass and Ph.D. Clark Univ. and Katherine Gibson Prof. and head Dept. of Human Geography @ Australian National University and Ph.D. Clark Univ.) May "An Ethics of the Local" online @ http://www.communityeconomies.org/papers/rethink/rethinkp1.pdf)
Starting with a practice of respecting difference and otherness, our two projects
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perhaps some of it would manifest in perverse (noncapitalist) dreams and fantasies.
Subjectivity is an internal link to ethics, you should not just vote on contingent impacts, but rather understand the debate as a contest between competing values.
Duffy 1987 (BERNARD K, PhD University of Pittsburg and professor of rhetoric and communication at Cal Poly , “The Ethics of Argumentation in Intercollegiate Debate: A Conservative Appraisal”, The National Forensic Journal, 1. Spring 1983. pp. 65-71
http://www.nationalforensics.org/journal/vol1no1-6.pdf)
Educational debate tends to reduce all arguments to tactics.
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students in ethics, as well as requiring them to follow the rules.
Thus the plan,
The United States federal government should amend the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation section of the North American Free Trade Agreement to meet the requirements of the Border Environmental Justice Campaign
Contention 4: Solvency
Amending NAFTA to increase environmental regulation can provide health and safety for workers while promoting their rights.
Bolterstein 2000 (Elyse, B.S. Resource Ecology and Management from University of Michigan,” Environmental Justice Case Study: Maquiladora Workers and Border Issues”) aml
As mentioned previously, the EHC conducts extensive work with
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issues and PFEA is ready to fight the border challenges that are yet to come (Durazo, 2000).
Debate of NAFTA’s impact is critical to move past the logic of markets and to force the government to live up to its promises, rolling back the current model of NAFTA
Carlsen 9 Laura is Director of the Americas Program of the Center for International Policy, A Pressing Case for NAFTA Review and Renegotiation, 9-9, http://www.cipamericas.org/archives/5617#sthash.E7Fh3OOD.dpuf
Over a thousand people protested outside the North American Summit. They
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together and rollback the current NAFTA model.