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Bronx | 6 | idk |
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1ACTournament: Bronx | Round: 6 | Opponent: idk | Judge: 1AC – Marine Science Adv ADVANTAGE ONE – MARINE SCIENCE – Global coral reef erosion is happening now. One of those reefs in the Red or the South China Sea to die for That collapses marine biodiversity. Coral reefs cover an area of over 280,000 km2 and support thousands of Cuban reef protection is key to prevent global reef destruction. Coral reefs are fragile, slow growing but complex communities containing great biodiversity and serve US-Cuba cooperative reef research provides a key model for creation of international policy. It is often said that those 90 miles of open water south of the Florida However, US-Cuba cooperative coral reef research is low now. When Christopher Columbus arrived in Cuba, he named the island’s south-central coastal area Los Jardines de la Reina, or The Queen’s Gardens. Five centuries later, the extensive and pristine coral reefs are still here. Rare cooperation between U.S. and Cuban research scientists is seeking to save them. Cuba has some the most extensive coral reefs in the hemisphere, but political strains between Washington and Havana largely have kept American scientists away. That prevents Cuban reef protection and research – Cuba can’t solve alone. STATUS AND PROSPECTIVE OF CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT IN CUBA Diving tourism in Cuba, in Ocean collapse causes extinction – reefs are key. Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for conserving marine ecosystems also exist, just as they Collapse of Coral reefs triggers a global extinction event – adaptation research is key – brink is now. Coral Reef Loss Suggests Global Extinction Event Coral Photo courtesy Great Barrier Reef MPA A The Caribbean is a hotspot for marine biodiversity – current isolated management strategies fail. The Caribbean Region extends over about 2,754,000 Km2 in which 36 Hotspot collapse causes extinction. The relationship between habitat loss and extinction is nonlinear. Initial destruction of a habitat The problem is US policy – multiple barriers prevent US-Cuba scientific exchange. A drive to increase scientific exchange between the United States and Cuba is off to Scientific exchange is the key internal link into marine science cooperation – solves coral reefs. At the same time, the U.S. embargo of Cuba makes it Removing restrictions on scientific exchange solves reef protection and marine biodiversity – any delay kills solvency. Environmental Defense Fund will send a team of experts to Havana, Cuba, on 1AC – Hemispheric Energy Adv ADVANTAGE TWO – HEMISPHERIC ENERGY – engagement with Latin America is low now – puts US energy security at risk. For more than a decade, America’s relationship with Latin America could most accurately be Specifically – other countries are forming energy relationships with Latin America now – inaction causes US crowd-out. Scientific exchanges with Cuba lead to alternative energy cooperation. In a special section on U.S.-Cuban relations, Rethinking U. That’s key to Latin American alternative energy development – only engagement with Cuba removes negative perceptions of the US in the region and provides the technological expertise to diversify. At present Cuba possesses an estimated 4.6 million barrels of oil and 9 Engaging Cuba opens the door for hemispheric cooperation on alternative energy development – strengthens US energy links in the region. Because of recent developments in Cuba and the growing investments being made there made by Hemispheric energy engagement solidifies US regional ties – secures American access to energy Mr. Chairman, if I may give you the bottom line first: energy Now is the time – renewed US energy linkages with Latin America are key to energy security – alternative energy’s key. In many ways, the fate of Latin America and the US are strongly linked US energy insecurity causes global conflict and instability – alternative energy provides a key cushion. Toward a Long-Range Energy Security Policy Events in recent decades have produced a Energy shocks spark US lash-out and national outrage. In the United States, the prospect of diminished oil supplies and skyrocketing prices raises US lash-out for energy sparks global conflicts. An energy-restricted future will greatly enhance Russia’s clout within settings like the UN Those conflicts go nuclear. Recognizing the strategic value of oil for their national interests, superpowers will not hesitate | 10/22/13 |
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