Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 1 | Opponent: Alpharetta RS | Judge: Keenan Harris
The affirmative rhetorical silence on whiteness is an active stance that allows white privilege to thrive by masking its existence and treating is as an assumed norm.
DR. CRENSHAW Prof of Speech Comm @ Univ. Ala.  1997
Carrie-PhD. USC; former director of debate @ Univ. of Ala.; WESTERN JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION

This analysis of Helms’.... they mask its existence.

Racism must be rejected in EVERY INSTANCE without surcease. It justifies atrocities, creates another and is truly the CAPITAL SIN.
MEMMI  Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ Unv. Of Paris 2000, Albert-; RACISM, translated by Steve Martinot, pp.163-165
The struggle against racism will be long....but the stakes are irresistible.

Tournament: Georgetown | Round: 2 | Opponent: NYUCDL BM | Judge: Alex Holguin
The oppression of different groups of humans seen in both the slave trade was conceived and perfected in humanity’s subjugation of other animals – their genealogy misdiagnoses and conceals the root of the problem
Dr. Steven Best ‘7
Associate Professor, Departments of Humanities and Philosophy, University of Texas, El Paso. Reviewing: Charles Patterson, The Eternal Treblinka: Our Treatment of Animals and the Holocaust New York: Lantern Books, 2002, 280 pp., Journal of Critical Animal Studies, Vol 5, Issue 2
The Origins of Hierarchy  "As long as men massacre animals, they will kill
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common sense” consent to human supremacism and the ongoing pogrom against animals. 

This “silence” on oppression of other species is the dominant characteristic of anthropocentrism in movements to liberate the oppressed – without considering the more than human world, the expansion of liberties merely becomes the expansion of the exploitation of nature – this turns their project by replicating spiciest hierarchies that constitute white supremacy
Anne C. Bell and Constance L. Russell 2K
*Faculty of  Environmental Studies @ York University, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education,  “Beyond Human, Beyond Words: Anthropocentrism, Critical Pedagogy, and the Poststructuralist Turn”, Canadian Journal of Education, http://www.csse-scee.ca/CJE/Articles/FullText/CJE25-3/CJE25-3.pdf#page=22
We come to critical pedagogy with a background in environmental thought and education. Of
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Selby, 1995, pp. 17–20; Spiegel, 1988). 

The logic of human domination naturalizes oppression and recreates hierarchies.
Ahkin, 10 – (Melanie Ahkin, Monash University, 2010, “Human Centrism, Animist Materialism, and the Critique of Rationalism in Val Plumwood’s Critical Ecological Feminism,” Emergent Australian Philosophers, a peer reviewed journal of philosophy, http://www.eap.philosophy-australia.com/archives.html DH)
The five key features of dualism's “logic of domination” are as follows:
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of its constituents as interchangeable and replaceable resources for the dominant group.10

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 2 | Opponent: BCC GM | Judge: Jorman Antigua
First – they are wrong – racism has moved beyond society and biological roots and is now rooted within differentialist racism – a neo-racism targeted against immigrants – challenging this racism is critical to spurring more effective movements against racism
Balibar ‘5 teaches philosophy @ the University of Paris 2k5 Etienne-; RACE, NATION, CLASS:  Ambiguous identities; published 1988 reprinted 1992,1993,1995,1996,1998,2000,2002,2005; p. 20-21.
We can now turn our attention to ‘neo-racism’. What seems to
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is what P.A. Taguieff has rightly called a differentialist racism.

This new racism has manifested the MYTH OF THE MODEL MINORITY – the myth of portraying Asian americans solely as hardworking others – A methodology focused on the Asian body and exposing this myth is critical
? ’93 1993, ? Robert S. is a Professor of Law and an Associate Dean for Research and Faculty Development, He also serves on the advisory board of Berkeley’s Asian American Law Journal. “Toward an Asian American Legal Scholarship: Critical Race Theory, Post-Structuralism, and Narrative Space”, 81 Cal. L. Rev. 1241
B. The Model Minority Myth This history of discrimination and violence, as well
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Americans while simultaneously legitimizing the oppression of other racial minorities and poor whites.

And our performance solves – conscientization – a process to name our world and understand forces of oppression – results in real world change
Osajima ‘7 2007, Keith Osajima is a professor and Director of the Race and Ethnic Studies Program at the University of Redlands.  REPLENISHING THE RANKS:  Raising Critical Consciousness Among Asian Americans; JOURNAL OF ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES (JAAS), February, Volume 10, No. 1; p. 64
Conscientization for these respondents meant being able to “name their world.” That is
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world.  Naming the world was an important step toward actively changing it.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 4 | Opponent: New Trier CB | Judge: Maddie Langr
Make them defend silence as an alternative speech act. We have a responsibility to make whiteness visible.
Crenshaw ‘97  1997, Carrie, PhD, Prof of Speech Comm @ Univ. Ala. former director of debate @ Univ. of Ala.; WESTERN JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION; Resisting Whiteness’ Rhetorical Silence; 61(3), Summer; pp. 253-278
This essay explores the rhetorical dimensions of whiteness in public political discourse from an ideological
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not, and investigate how these racialized constructions intersect with gender and class.

Claims of fairness, objectivity, predictability, ground, and limits are ways to marginalize the out groups and silence our voices
Delgado, 92 Richard, “Shadowboxing: An Essay On Power,” In Cornell Law Review, May
I began by observing that law-talk can lull and gull us, tricking
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intent. That is, "impact" alone is not enough. n72

First, that calculation is bad
Dillon, ’99 April 1999, Michael; Professor Politics, University of Lancaster,  Political Theory, “Another Justice,” Vol. 27 Issue 2, p155, 21p
Otherness is born(e) within the self as an integral part of itself
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, is integral to the lack constitutive of the human way of being.

The attempted impartiality of utilitarianism devalues the interests of certain groups – makes inequality inevitable.
Odell ‘4 2004, Jack, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Philosophy @ University of Illinois, “On Consequentialist Ethics,” Wadsworth, Thomson Learning, Inc., pp. 98-103
A classic objection to both act and rule utilitarianism has to do with inequity,
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year to be sacrificed to the Gods for the welfare of the group.

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 4 | Opponent: NFA MR | Judge: Kevon Haughton
Will Pass – elections, bipartisanship – Obama Push Key
Gutierrez 10-16
Luis, Rep. Gutierrez is the Chair of the Immigration Task Force of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, “Gutierrez Optimistic About Immigration’s Chances when Government Shutdown is Resolved” 10-16-13 http://www.enewspf.com/latest-news/latest-local/47094-gutierrez-optimistic-about-immigration-s-chances-when-government-shutdown-is-resolved.html
"It is hard to be optimistic about the prospects for anything happening in a
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can get immigration reform legislation passed in the House and signed into law."

Rolling back sanctions on Cuba would be politically controversial
Lee 13 Senior Production Editor of Council on Foreign Relations (Brianna, “U.S.-Cuba Relations”, Council on Foreign Relations Background Publication, 1-31-13, http://www.cfr.org/cuba/us-cuba-relations/p11113)//TQ
Ending the economic embargo against Cuba would require congressional approval. Opinions in Congress are
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process risks falling victim to the politics of the issue," says Sweig.

Obama’s PC is key to pass
Nicholas, 7/7 – writer for the Wall Street Journal (Peter, “President to Pressure House GOP on Immigration Bill,” WSJ, 7/7/2013, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324867904578592032121418230.html)  MS
President Barack Obama plans to mount a more visible effort to push through an immigration
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paints Republicans as heartless obstructionists determined to keep undocumented immigrants in legal limbo. 

Visas are key to cybersecurity preparedness
McLarty 9 (Thomas F. III, President – McLarty Associates and Former White House Chief of Staff and Task Force Co-Chair, “U.S. Immigration Policy: Report of a CFR-Sponsored Independent Task Force”, 7-8, http://www.cfr.org/ publication/19759/us_immigration_policy.html)
We have seen, when you look at the table of the top 20 firms
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going to strengthen, I think, our system, our security needs.

That causes great power nuclear war
Fritz 9 Researcher for International Commission on Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament Jason, researcher for International Commission on Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament, former Army officer and consultant, and has a master of international relations at Bond University, “Hacking Nuclear Command and Control,” July,  http://www.icnnd.org/latest/research/Jason_Fritz_Hacking_NC2.pdf
This paper will analyse the threat of cyber terrorism in regard to nuclear weapons.
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its own, without the need for compromising command and control centres directly.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harker MK | Judge: Matt Struth, Melanie Campbell, Evan Herbert
Economic decline doesn’t lead to war
Blackwill 2009 – former associate dean of the Kennedy School of Government and Deputy Assistant to the President and Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategic Planning (Robert, RAND, “The Geopolitical Consequences of the World Economic Recession—A Caution”, http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/2009/RAND_OP275.pdf, WEA)
But it is worth asking, as the magisterial American soldier/statesman George Marshall
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of the historian.” 33 Perhaps the same is occasionally true of pundits.

Physical limits make growth unsustainable—computer modeling proves
MacKenzie, ’12 1/10/2012, Deborah MacKenzie is a science consultant for New Scientist magazine, “Boom and doom: Revisiting prophecies of collapse”, The New Scientist, http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21328462.100-boom-and-doom-revisiting-prophecies-of-collapse.html
World3 was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The team took what was
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even fans of the study, he says, didnand#39;t get this point. 

Collapse spurs a social learning process towards sustainability
Kassiola, ’03 2003, Joel Jay Kassiola, Behavioral Sciences Dean @ SFSD, “Explorations in environmental political theory”, M.E. Sharpe, p. 192-197
I propose that this understanding of the concept of “despair,” and how it
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of its living species, demonstrating the surprising value and necessity of despair.

Growth causes environmental collapse and extinction
Speth, ’08 2008, James Gustave Speth served as President Jimmy Carter’s White House environmental adviser and as head of the United Nations’ largest agency for international development Prof at Vermont law school. Former dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University . Former Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, teaching environmental and constitutional law. .Former Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality in the Executive Office of the President. Co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council. Was law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo L. Black JD, Yale. “The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability”, Ebrary
The escalating processes of climate disruption, biotic impoverishment, and toxification that continue despite
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today’s destructive growth and transform economic activity into something environmentally benign and restorative.

De-growth is the only way to solve warming—alternatives don’t make a big enough difference—the impact is extinction
Li, ’10 Summer 2010, Dr. Minqi Li is an Assistant Professor Department of Economics, University of Utah, “The 21st Century Crisis: Climate Catastrophe or Socialism”
The global average surface temperature is now about 0.8 degrees C (0
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of the means of production and society-wide planning (Section 6).

Tournament: Capitol Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Bronx Science RN | Judge: Lincoln Upton
ERROR

Tournament: Georgetown | Round: 4 | Opponent: NYUCDL CL | Judge: Jeffrey Fang
First, a limited topic of discussion that provides for equitable ground is key to productive inculcation of decision-making and advocacy skills in every and all facets of life---even if their position is contestable that’s distinct from it being valuably debatable---we do NOT force them back in the closet---this still provides room for flexibility, creativity, and innovation, but targets the discussion
Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp45-
Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference of
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Congress to make progress on the immigration debate during the summer of 2007.
Someone disturbed by the problem of the growing underclass of poorly educated, socially disenfranchised
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specific policies to be investigated and aid discussants in identifying points of difference.
To have a productive debate, which facilitates effective decision making by directing and placing
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the comparative effectiveness of writing or physical force for a specific purpose.
Although we now have a general subject, we have not yet stated a problem
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particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion.

Limits and rules of engagement are not sameness but a self-reflexive and refining AGONISM---contestability requires minimal boundaries to prevent destabilization of political deliberation
Robert W. Glover 10 Prof of Poli Sci @ UConn "Games without Frontiers?: Democratic Engagement, Agonistic Pluralism, and the Question of Exclusion" Philosophy and Social Criticism Vol. 36
Contrary to his critics, Connolly does not promote a postmodern politics of permanent disruption
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even within a theory which recognizes the need to continuously interrogate these restrictions.

Abolishing constraints does not improve creativity---in the context of debate starting from defined constraints like the topic is better for overall creativity because innovative thinking comes from problem-solving like figuring out how to read what you want to read while still being topical
Intrator 10 – David, President of The Creative Organization, October 21, 2010, “Thinking Inside the Box,” http://www.trainingmag.com/article/thinking-inside-box
One of the most pernicious myths about creativity, one that seriously inhibits creative thinking
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simply don’t fit into the rules you’re creating as you build your box.

Second, discussion of specific policy-questions is crucial for skills development---we control uniqueness: university students already have preconceived ideological notions---government policy discussion facilitates engagement with and resolution of competing perspectives to improve social outcomes---it does NOT blame the individual for violence, but instead emphasizes individual AGENCY---it breaks out of traditional pedagogical frameworks by positing students as agents of decision-making
Esberg and Sagan 12 *Jane Esberg is special assistant to the director at New York University's Center on. International Cooperation. She was the winner of 2009 Firestone Medal, AND Scott Sagan is a professor of political science and director of Stanford's Center for International Security and Cooperation “NEGOTIATING NONPROLIFERATION: Scholarship, Pedagogy, and Nuclear Weapons Policy,” 2/17 The Nonproliferation Review, 19:1, 95-108
These government or quasi-government think tank simulations often provide very similar lessons for
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allies and adversaries, would behave in response to US policy initiatives.7
By university age, students often have a pre-defined view of international affairs
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quickly; simulations teach students how to contextualize and act on information.14

Third, switch-side is key---Effective deliberation is crucial to the activation of personal agency and is only possible in a switch-side debate format where debaters divorce themselves from ideology to engage in political contestation
Patricia Roberts-Miller 3 is Associate Professor of Rhetoric at the University of Texas "Fighting Without Hatred:Hannah Ar endt ' s Agonistic Rhetoric" JAC 22.2 2003
Totalitarianism and the Competitive Space of Agonism
Arendt is probably most famous for her analysis of totalitarianism (especially her The Origins
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is permitted to present itself in only one perspective. (Human 58)
What Arendt so beautifully describes is that isolation and individualism are not corollaries, and
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even similarly but not exactly together is what Arendt calls the "social."
Arendt does not mean that group behavior is impossible in the realm of the social
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. Thus, it is, as Arendt says, rule by nobody.
It is illustrative to contrast Arendt's attitude toward discourse to Habermas'. While both are
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discourse involved in public action include myths, stories, and personal narratives.
Furthermore, the competition is not ruthless; it does not imply a willingness to
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one of different people who argue with passion, vehemence, and integrity.
Continued…
Eichmann perfectly exemplified what Arendt famously called the "banal¬ity of evil"
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disparaging conformism" that characterizes those who people totalitarian systems (Pitkin 87).
Arendt's theorizing of totalitarianism has been justly noted as one of her strongest contributions to philosophy. She saw that a situation like Nazi Germany is different from the conventional understanding of a tyranny. Pitkin writes,
Totalitarianism cannot be understood, like earlier forms of domination, as the ruthless exploitation
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process to which the people enacting it have fallen captive. (87)
Totalitarianism is closely connected to bureaucracy; it is oppression by rules, rather than by people who have willfully chosen to establish certain rules. It is the triumph of the social.
Critics (both friendly and hostile) have paid considerable attention to Arendt's category of
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and turning us into robots that mechanically serve its purposes" (4).
Pitkin is critical of this version of the "social" and suggests that Arendt
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put it another way, theories of powerlessness are self-fulfilling prophecies.
Arendt grants that there are people who willed the Holocaust, but she insists that
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"critical thought is in principle anti-authoritarian" (Lectures 38).
By "thought" Arendt does not mean eremitic contemplation; in fact, she
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that harmony. One must consider carefully the arguments and viewpoints of others:
Political thought is representative. I form an opinion by considering a given issue from
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more valid my final conclusions, my opinion. ("Truth" 241)
There are two points to emphasize in this wonderful passage. First, one does
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a world into which one enters and by which one might be changed.
Second, passages like the above make some readers think that Arendt puts too much
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destroy truth, but they cannot replace it" ("Truth" 259).
Facts have a strangely resilient quality partially because a lie "tears, as it
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of opinion is a farce unless factual information is guaranteed" (238).
The sort of thinking that Arendt propounds takes the form of action only when it
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thoughts without reference to anyone else or to let others do one's thinking.
Arendt's Polemical Agonism
As I said, agonism does have its advocates within rhetoric—Burke, Ong
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"understood and believed" by others (Shape 5; emphasis added).
Arendt's version is what one might call polemical agonism: it puts less emphasis on
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polemical agonism, success may be marked through the quality of subsequent controversy.
Arendt quotes from a letter Kant wrote on this point:
You know that I do not approach reasonable objections with the intention merely of refuting
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will improve upon my previous insight may be obtainable. {Lectures 42)
Kant's use of "impartial" here is interesting: he is not describing a
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butprovocative application of Arendt's notion of common, see Hauser 100-03).
In polemical agonism, there is a sense in which one' s main goal is
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¬larged" {Lectures 39); he wanted interlocutors, not acolytes.
This is not consensus-based argument, nor is it what is sometimes called
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, the conflictual versus the collaborative, or argument as opposed to debate.
Second, while polemical agonismrequires diversity among interlocutors, and thus seems an extraordinarily appropriate
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of argument versus when we are lusting for dominion ("Truth" 263).
Like other proponents of agonism, Arendt argues that rhetoric does not lead individuals or
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in lack of imagination and failure to judge" ("Truth" 242).
Agonism demands that one simultaneously trust and doubt one' s own perceptions, rely on
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these few have not become fewer in our time" {Human 324).
Yet, there are important positive political consequences of agonism.
Arendt' s own promotion of the agonistic sphere helps to explain how the system could
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is, engage in rhetoric—then they are engaging in antitotalitarian action.
In post-Ramistic rhetoric, it is a convention to have a thesis,
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not relativist, adversarial but not violent, independent but not expressivist rhetoric.

Effective decision-making outweighs---
Key to social improvements in every and all facets of life
Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp9-10
If we assume it to be possible without recourse to violence to reach agreement on
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reason and accepted by what we have called elsewhere the universal audience.14
I think that the only discursive methods available to us stem from techniques that are
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city of man in which violence may progressively give way to wisdom.13
Whenever an individual controls the dimensions of" a problem, he or she can
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game, then that person's decision to furnish the transportation must be obtained.
Complex problems, too, are subject to individual decision making. American business offers
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-to-day and even hour-to-hour decisions individually.
When President George H. W. Bush launched Operation Desert Storm, when President
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, debate is the only satisfactory way the exact issues can be decided:
A president, whoever he is, has to find a way of understanding the
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them to argue out the issues and to bring him an agreed decision…
The other way is to sit like a judge at a hearing where the issues
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one another, after he has questioned them himself he makes his decision…
It is a much harder method in that it subjects the president to the stress of feeling the full impact of conflicting views, and then to the strain of making his decision, fully aware of how momentous it Is. But there is no other satisfactory way by which momentous and complex issues can be decided.16
John F. Kennedy used Cabinet sessions and National Security Council meetings to provide debate
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18 All presidents, to varying degrees, encourage debate among their advisors.
We may never be called on to render the final decision on great issues of
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in our intelligent self-interest to reach these decisions through reasoned debate.

Only portable skill---means our framework turns case
Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp9-10
After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and
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support the military action, and in the face of significant international opposition.
Meanwhile, and perhaps equally difficult for the parties involved, a young couple deliberated
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made. Each decision maker worked hard to make well-reasoned decisions.
Decision making is a thoughtful process of choosing among a variety of options for acting
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decision making, as do our school, community, and social organizations.
We all make many decisions even- day. To refinance or sell one's home, to buy a high-performance SUV or an economical hybrid car. what major to select, what to have for dinner, what candidate CO vote for. paper or plastic, all present lis with choices. Should the president deal with an international crisis through military invasion or diplomacy? How should the U.S. Congress act to address illegal immigration?
Is the defendant guilty as accused? Tlie Daily Show or the ball game?
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do we sort through it and select the best information for our needs?
The ability of every decision maker to make good, reasoned, and ethical decisions
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Critical thinkers are better users of information, as well as better advocates.
Colleges and universities expect their students to develop their critical thinking skills and may require students to take designated courses to that end. The importance and value of such study is widely recognized.
Much of the most significant communication of our lives is conducted in the form of
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influence our decision or participate in exchanges to influence the decisions of others.
Our success or failure in life is largely determined by our ability to make wise
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customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate.

Effective deliberation is the lynchpin of solving all existential global problems
Christian O. Lundberg 10 Professor of Communications @ University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, “Tradition of Debate in North Carolina” in Navigating Opportunity: Policy Debate in the 21st Century By Allan D. Louden, p311
The second major problem with the critique that identifies a naivety in articulating debate and
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their time and political energies toward policies that matter the most to them.
The merits of debate as a tool for building democratic capacity-building take on
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navigate academic search databases and to effectively search and use other Web resources:
To analyze the self-report ratings of the instructional and control group students,
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searching, not just in academic databases. (Larkin 2005, 144)
Larkin's study substantiates Thomas Worthcn and Gaylcn Pack's (1992, 3) claim that
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cite and rely upon from an easily accessible and veritable cornucopia of materials.
There are, without a doubt, a number of important criticisms of employing debate
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to the possibilities of meaningful political engagement and new articulations of democratic life.
Expanding this practice is crucial, if only because the more we produce citizens that
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with the existential challenges to democracy in an increasingly complex world.

Tournament: Georgetown | Round: 2 | Opponent: NYUCDL BM | Judge: Alex Holguin
Their advantage uses suffering as a tool of the ballot, conflating that with empathetic identification of the other - this makes suffering a commodity
Hartman ’97 Associate Professor of English @ UC BERKLEY 1997 Saidiya V.- “SCENCES OF SUBJECTION:  Terror, Slavery, and Self-Making in Nineteenth-Century America”; pp. 20-21
As well, we need ask why the site of suffering so readily lends itself
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the effacement of sentience integral to the wanton use of the captive body.  

This spills their harms over to the debate space
Hartman ‘97 Associate Professor of English @ UC BERKLEY 1997 Saidiya V.- “SCENCES OF SUBJECTION:  Terror, Slavery, and Self-Making in Nineteenth-Century America”; pp. 21-23
By slipping into the black body and figuratively occupying the position of the enslaved,
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way, enjoyment disclosed the sentiments and expectations of the “peculiar institution.

The alternative is a moral imperative -- it’s mutually exclusive with the affirmation of solidarity as a tool of liberation
Abugo Ongiri ’10 Asst Prof of English Film and Media Studies @ University of Florida 2k10 Amy- “Spectacular Blackness:  The Cultural Politics of the Black Power Movement and the Search for a Black Aesthetics; p. 15-17.
By 1968, the cultural, social, and political landscape had changed so much
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Black Arts Movement’s manifesto, “The Black Arts Movement,” Larry Neal wrote
  The political values inherent in the Black Power concept are now finding con
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advocate a cultural revolution in art and ideas. (257-58).
Neal’s declaration of the need for separate cultural spaces and separate spheres of symbolic articulation
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world is finally more meaningful, ours or the white oppressors?”(259)
     In 1970, Gil Scott-Heron famously articulated this longing for a separate
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” into which commodified U.S. culture would no longer fit.
     The Black Arts and Black Power movements’ investment in a utopian world outside of
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purely and authentically ideologically free from the contamination of the urban industrialized world.

Tournament: Scranton | Round: 1 | Opponent: Centennial DL | Judge: Michael McCabe
High-skilled visa reform will pass the House
Jennifer Rubin writes the Right Turn blog for The Post, Rubin came to The Post after three years with Commentary magazine. Her work has appeared in a number of print and online publications, including The Weekly Standard, where she has been a frequent contributor 11-14-2013 http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2013/11/14/immigration-reform-outlook/-
There were some theatrics on Wednesday from liberal immigration reform advocates, claiming the speaker
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continues to limp along just has it has for the last few months.

Engagement with Mexico is politically divisive
Christopher Wilson Associate at the Mexico Institute of the Woodrow Wilson International. Center for Scholars , 13 – (Christopher E., January, “A U.S.-Mexico Economic Alliance: Policy Options for a Competitive Region,” http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/new_ideas_us_mexico_relations.pdf)
At a time when Mexico is poised to experience robust economic growth, a manufacturing
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action to support regional exporters more politically divisive than it ought to be. 

PC key
Orlando Sentinel, the writer for newspaper that follows 11-1 11/1/13, It’s a newspaper that follows Congress, “What we think: It'll take both parties to clear immigration logjam”, http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-11-01/news/os-ed-immigration-reform-congress-20131031_1_immigration-reform-comprehensive-reform-house-republicans
For those who thought the end of the government shutdown would provide a break from
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earn citizenship. House Democratic leaders will have to underscore the president's message.

CIR turns Human Rights
Antonio Ginatta Advocacy director for the U.S. program of Human Rights Watch, ’13 (Antonio, “Immigration reforms should protect families”, Human Rights Watch Publication, 6-21-13, http://www.hrw.org/news/2013/06/21/immigration-reform-should-protect-families)//TQ
The immigration reform bill now being debated on the floor of the US Senate,
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immigrant status under the bill, and rejoins their families in the US.

That outweighs any other impact
Edward R. Annas Utley Prof. and Chair Health Law @ Boston U. School of Public Health 02— Edward R. and Prof. SocioMedical Sciences and Community Science @ Boston U. School of Medicine and Prof. Law @ Boston U. School of Law
(George, Lori Andrews, (Distinguished Prof. Law @ Chicago-Kent College of Law and Dir. Institute for Science, Law, and Technology @ Illinois Institute Tech), and Rosario M. Isasa, (Health Law and Biotethics Fellow @ Health Law Dept. of Boston U. School of Public Health), “THE GENETICS REVOLUTION: CONFLICTS, CHALLENGES AND CONUNDRA: ARTICLE: Protecting the Endangered Human: Toward an International Treaty Prohibiting Cloning and Inheritable Alterations”,), American Journal of Law and Medicine, 28 Am. J. L. and Med. 151, lexis nexis)KW
 The development of the atomic bomb not only presented to the world for the
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former Soviet Union, underscored the necessity for recognizing similarities for our survival:     
Let us not be blind to our differences, but let us also direct attention to our common interests and the means by which those differences can be resolved . . . . For, in the final analysis, our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this small planet. We all breathe the same air. We all cherish our children's future. And we are all mortal. n3
That we are all fundamentally the same, all human, all with the same
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/Asia said in 1993, shortly before the Vienna Human Rights Conference:
Whatever else may separate them, human beings belong to a single biological species,
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humanity, and provides a minimum solution to deal with its miseries. n5
Membership in the human species is central to the meaning and enforcement of human rights
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event. But no such necessity currently exists or is on the horizon.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 5 | Opponent: MBA BR | Judge: Melvin Washington
Interpretation – economic engagement must be conditional
Shinn 96 James Shinn, C.V. Starr Senior Fellow for Asia at the CFR in New York City and director of the council’s multi-year Asia Project, worked on economic affairs in the East Asia Bureau of the US Dept of State, “Weaving the Net: Conditional Engagement with China,” pp. 9 and 11, google books
In sum, conditional engagement consists of a set of objectives, a strategy for attaining those objectives, and tactics (specific policies) for implementing that strategy.
The objectives of conditional engagement are the ten principles, which were selected to preserve American vital interests in Asia while accommodating China’s emergence as a major power.
The overall strategy of conditional engagement follows two parallel lines: economic engagement, to
AND
105, no. 3 (1990), pp. 383-88).

Violation – the aff is a unilateral policy – not a quid pro quo offer

Vote negative – quid pro quo gives competition for conditions cp and say no arguments. Key to fight back against aff bias