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1ACTournament: Lexington | Round: 1 | Opponent: NA | Judge: NA UD Novice 1ac1ac planThe executive branch of the United States federal government should offer to ease restrictions on general licenses for non-tourist travel between the United States and Cuba.1ac engagementContention 1 is ENGAGEMENT:Migration talks with Cuba are ongoing – but de-linking is key to progressLópez-Levy 13 (Arturo López-Levy, lecturer and Ph.D. candidate, Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver, former political analyst for the Cuban government, M.A. International Affairs, Columbia University, M.A. Economics, Carleton University, "The Cuban Cargo Caper," The National Interest, 7-26-2013, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/the-cuban-cargo-caper-8782) Offering to ease travel restrictions spurs cooperation on mutual interests – like the environmentGarcía Iturbe 13 (Dr. Néstor García Iturbe, leading academic and foreign affairs expert of the Cuban Communist Party, "What should Obama do? The view from Cuba," International Institute for the Study of Cuba, 2-18-2013, http://cubastudies.org/what-should-obama-do-the-view-from-cuba/) That’s because the plan doesn’t try to change interests – just insulates disagreementsRueckert 13 (Phineas Rueckert, Research Associate at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, "U.S.-Cuba Mail and Migration Talks: Opportunities and Limitations of Mutual Interest Cooperation," Council on Hemispheric Affairs, 7-3-2013, http://www.coha.org/u-s-cuba-mail-and-migration-talks-opportunities-and-limitations-of-mutual-interest-cooperation/) Improving environmental cooperation is key to global sustainable development AND environmental leadershipConell 9 (Christina Conell, Research Associate, Council on Hemispheric Affairs, M.P.P. Public Policy, University of Virginia, B.A. Latin American Studies, Spanish Language, University of Virginia, "The U.S. and Cuba: Destined to be an Environmental Duo?" 6-12-2009, http://www.coha.org/the-us-and-cuba-an-environmental-duo/) Ecological resiliency is at the tipping point – sustainable development is key to survivalUNDP 12 (United Nations Development Programme, Biodiversity and Ecosystems Team, guided by senior management in UNDP, "The Future We Want: Biodiversity and Ecosystems—Driving Sustainable Development; United Nations Development Programme Biodiversity and Ecosystems Global Framework 2012-2020," 2012, p.13, http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Environment20and20Energy/biodiversity/UNDP-Biodiversity-and-Ecosystems-Global-Framework-2012-2020.pdf) Independently, perception of U.S. leadership spurs global action – checks short-term extinctionKhosla 9 (Ashok Khosla, President, International Union for Conservation of Nature, former Director, United Nations Environment Programme, recipient of the 2002 Sasakawa Prize, the Nobel Prize of the environmental community, authored over 300 professional papers, including 30 official UNEP documents, Ph.D. experimental physics, Harvard University, "A new President for the United States: We have a dream," 1-27-2009, http://www.iucn.org/news_homepage/?2595/new-President-for-the-United-States-We-have-a-dream) 1ac enforcementContention 2 is ENFORCEMENT:Massive sanctions licensing and investigation backlogs are resulting in enforcement failures now – collapses financial intelligence and risks WMD proliferation in the immediate termLevin, et al 12 (Carl Levin, senior U.S. Senator (D) Michigan, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Armed Services, former special assistant attorney general, Michigan Attorney General’s Office, graduate of Swarthmore College and Harvard Law School; Tom Coburn, junior Senator (R) Oklahoma, M.D. University of Oklahoma Medical School, B.S. Accounting, Oklahoma State University; David S. Cohen, Undersecretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, U.S. Department of the Treasury, former attorney at Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP, specializing in defense of regulatory investigations into financial fraud and anti-money laundering and sanctions compliance, J.D. Yale Law School, B.A. Cornell University; Leigh H. Winchell, Assistant Director for Programs, Homeland Security Investigations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; "U.S. Vulnerabilities to Money Laundering, Drugs, and Terrorist Financing: HSBC Case History," testimony before the U.S. Senate, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, 7-17-2012, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-112shrg76061/html/CHRG-112shrg76061.htm) The plan is key to resolve enforcement backlogs and generate effective financial intelligenceLandau French 9 (Anya Landau French, Director for the U.S.-Cuba Policy Initiative at the New America Foundation, former Senior Fellow at the Lexington Institute, former International Trade Advisor to Chairman Max Baucus, Senate Finance Committee, M.A. International Education, George Washington University, B.A. English, "Options for Engagement: A Resource Guide for Reforming U.S. Policy toward Cuba," Lexington Institute, April 2009, pp.42-43, http://www.lexingtoninstitute.org/library/resources/documents/Cuba/ResearchProducts/options-for-engagement.pdf) That’s key to disrupting AND deterring WMD proliferation – prerequisite to all counter-measuresPassas 12 (Nikos Passas, Professor at Northeastern University, specializes in the study of corruption, terrorism, money laundering, targeted sanctions, organized and international crimes, Editor-in-Chief of Crime, Law and Social Change: An International Journal, member of the Board of Directors of the International Society of Criminology, J.D. University of Athens, Ph.D. University of Edinburgh, M.A. University of Paris II, "Financial Controls and Counter-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction," Case Western Reserve University Journal of International Law, 44(3), 6-3-2012, http://law.case.edu/journals/JIL/Documents/(11)20Passas20Corrected.pdf) Current risks are ahistorical – cascading breakouts AND non-state acquisition make deliberate AND accidental nuclear conflict inevitableHeisbourg 12 (François Heisbourg, Chairman, International Institute for Strategic Studies, Chairman, Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Special Adviser, Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique, Member, International Commission on Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament, former First Secretary, French Permanent Mission to the United Nations, dealing with international security and disarmament issues, former Professor of World Politics, Sciences-Po Paris, "Nuclear Proliferation – Looking Back, Thinking Ahead: How Bad Would the Further Spread of Nuclear Weapons Be?" 3-4-2012, http://www.npolicy.org/article_file/Nuclear_Proliferation_-_Looking_Back_Thinking_Ahead_How_Bad_Would_the_Further_Spread_of_Nuclear_Weapons_Be.pdf) Optimists are wrong – cascading prolif ensures extinctionKroenig 12 (Matthew Kroenig, Assistant Professor of Government, Georgetown University, Stanton Nuclear Security Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations, former CFR International Affairs Fellow in the Department of Defense, former strategist in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, Ph.D., M.A. Political Science, University of California Berkeley, A.B. History, University of Missouri, "The History of Proliferation Optimism: Does It Have A Future?" Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, 5-26-2012, http://www.npolicy.org/article.php?aid=118226tid=30) 1ac solvencyContention 3 is SOLVENCY: (Mark P. Sullivan, Specialist in Latin American Affairs, Congressional Research Service, "Cuba: U.S. Restrictions on Travel and Remittances," CRS Report for Congress RL31139, 11-9-2012, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL31139.pdf) This avoids AND empirically denies any turns – simply returns to Clinton-era policyGibson 10 (William E. Gibson, Sun-Sentinel’s Washington bureau chief for 25 years, has covered six presidential elections and 13 sessions of Congress, studied journalism at the University of Kansas and Columbia University, "Cuba travel promoters gear up," Sun-Sentinel, 9-2-2010, http://weblogs.sun-sentinel.com/news/politics/dcblog/2010/09/cuba_travel_promoters_gear_up_1.html) AND, existing people-to-people, family, and illegal travel is increasing – no offenseGibson 13 (William E. Gibson, Sun-Sentinel’s Washington bureau chief for 25 years, has covered six presidential elections and 13 sessions of Congress, studied journalism at the University of Kansas and Columbia University, "Jay-Z and Beyoncé tour stokes desire to visit Cuba," Sun-Sentinel, 6-2-2013, http://www.sun-sentinel.com/fl-cuba-travel-congressional-push-20130602,0,7448204.story) | 1/14/14 |
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