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1AC - Grapevine
Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: | Judge: 1 ADV 1: MT Molecular nanotechnology is inevitable by 2020 - the only question is where and how soon. An early stance is key to prevent existential arms races, ensure modeling, and develop deterrence technology to stop wars and grey goo. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRNand#39;s positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, and#34;Results of Our Ongoing Researchand#34;, Last Updated April 16, 2007.http://www.crnano.org/overview.htm ) J.N.E Early development of molecular AND against this very significant benefit.
Nano-weapons comparatively outweigh - quicker development and global poisoning. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRNand#39;s positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, and#34;Dangers of Molecular Manufacturingand#34;, Last Updated April 16, 2007, http://www.crnano.org/dangers.htm#arms)J.N.E Molecular manufacturing AND nanotech arms races less stable.
MT allows clean and cheap tech - solves the environment. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRNand#39;s positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, and#34;Notes on Molecular Manufacturing Projections and Policyand#34;, Last Updated April 16, 2007.http://www.crnano.org/overview.htm ) J.N.E Environmental remediation: More AND useful for mechanical cleaning.
Ecosystem collapse causes extinction - loss of agriculture, water, and oceans. Coyne, Hoekstra and#39;07 (Jerry, professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution at the University of Chicago, Hopi, Associate Professor in the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University, both are with The New Republic, “The Greatest Dyingand#34;, September 24th, 2007, http://www.truthout.org/article/jerry-coyne-and-hopi-e-hoekstra-the-greatest-dying) But it isnand#39;t just the AND the greatest dying of them all.
Tipping point coming by 2020. Black and#39;10 (Richard, environment correspondent with BBC News, and#34;Ten years to solve nature crisis, UN meeting hearsand#34;, 10/18/10, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11563513?print=true) The two-week gathering aims to set new targets for conserving life on Earth. Japanand#39;s Environment Minister Ryo Matsumoto said biodiversity loss would become irreversible unless curbed soon. Much hope is being pinned on economic analyses showing the loss of species and AND efforts for conserving biodiversity.and#34;
Nanotech reverses biological extinction - allows cell rebuilding. Peterson and#39;04 (Chris, Foresight Group, and#34;BioArchive Project: Saving Species Through Nanotechnologyand#34;, http://www.foresight.org/Updates/Update04/Update04.1.html#anchor841097) To ensure that ecosystems— AND additional funding.
MNT is feasible - the only barrier is investment. Anissimov and#39;12 (Michael, futurist who serves as Media Director for the Singularity Institute and sits on the board of directors of Humanity+, and#34;Feasibility Arguments for Molecular Nanotechnologyand#34;, July 9th, 2012, http://hplusmagazine.com/2012/07/09/feasibility-arguments-for-molecular-nanotechnology/)J.N.E Here are some feasibility AND from a major breakthrough in the area.
PLAN Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its nanofactory development assistance to Mexico. 2 ADV 2: CIRCULATION Current science cooperation results in brain drain - kills the Mexican economy and prevents competitiveness. Arenas and#39;12 (Gabriel, journalist, University of Nebraska, “Flip Side of Mexican Immigration: Brain Drain”, 4/20/12, http://cojmc.unl.edu/mosaic/2012/04/20/1642/) “The problem is very serious,” said AND reversed, or Mexico risks its future.”
Economic downturn causes cartel takeover. Holub and#39;10 (Hugh Holub, JD from University of Arizona, Attorney, Executive Director of Center for Sustainable Development, Expert on Government Relations, “What Happens If Mexico Collapses?” 7/30/2010, http://tucsoncitizen.com/view-from-baja-arizona/2010/07/30/what-happens-if-mexico-collapses/) During the last Mexican AND close to the United States”.
Drug takeover destabilizes the entire region. Hennemuth and#39;13 (Elizabeth, and#34;Unintended Consequences Considering Mexico’s Stability when Designing U.S. Immigration Reformand#34;, May, 2013, http://www.wm.edu/offices/itpir/_documents/pips/2012-2013/hennemuth_e_brief.pdf)J.N.E Mexico’s instability negative ly AND formal U.S. -Mexican economic ties
That creates power vacuums – great power wars and a laundry list of problems. Grygiel and#39;09 (Jakub, George H. W. Bush Associate Professor of International Relations at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at the Johns Hopkins, “Vacuum Wars”, July/August 2009, http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=622) Mention “failed states” in AND policymakers has entered their respective professions.
Plan is key to brain circulation - collaboration creates high skilled worker flow. Daugeliene et al. and#39;09 (Rasa, Rita Marcinkeviciene, Kaunas University of Technology, and#34;Brain Circulation: Theoretical Considerationsand#34;, ISSN 1392 – 2785 Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics (3). WORK HUMANISM 2009, http://www.ktu.lt/lt/mokslas/zurnalai/inzeko/63/1392-2758-2009-3-63-49.pdf, peer reviewed) J.N.E International migration is an AND from one state to another (Blitz, 2005).
Circulation solves the economy - allows rapid proliferation of knowledge that creates innovation and growth. Daugeliene et al. and#39;09 (Rasa, Rita Marcinkeviciene, Kaunas University of Technology and#34;Brain Circulation: Theoretical Considerationsand#34;, ISSN 1392 – 2785 Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics (3). WORK HUMANISM 2009, http://www.ktu.lt/lt/mokslas/zurnalai/inzeko/63/1392-2758-2009-3-63-49.pdf, peer reviewed) J.N.E Thus, there can be done an AND the development of their high-tech industries.
3 ADV 3: WATER Global scarcity coming now - itand#39;s a threat multiplier that fuels international conflicts – academic consensus Dinar et al and#39;12 (Shlomi, associate professor in the Department of Politics and International Relations and associate director of the School of International and Public Affairs at Florida International University. Lucia De Stefano is associate professor at Complutense University of Madrid and researcher at the Water Observatory of the Botín Foundation. James Duncan is consultant on natural resource governance and geography with the World Bank. Kerstin Stahl is senior scientist at the Institute of Hydrology in the University of Freiburg. Kenneth M. Strzepek is research scientist with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. Aaron T. Wolf is a professor of geography in the College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University, Foreign Affairs, and#34;No Wars for Waterand#34;, October 18th, 2012, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/138208/shlomi-dinar-lucia-de-stefano-james-duncan-kerstin-stahl-kenneth/no-wars-for-water?page=show) In short, predictions of a Water World AND the Chira (Ecuador and Peru).
Scenario 1: Pakistan Water scarcity causes Pakistani instability - overpopulation, inequity, and agriculture. York and#39;13 (Suzanne, senior writer with the Institute for Population Studies, and#34;Water Scarcity: The Making of a Pakistani Tinderbox?and#34; July 24th, 2013, http://populationgrowth.org/the-tinderbox-that-might-be-pakistan/)J.N.E According to a new report from AND anything we see todayand#34;.
Pakistani instability causes nuclear war Pitt ‘9 (William, New York Times and internationally bestselling author of two books: and#34;War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesnand#39;t Want You to Knowand#34; and and#34;The Greatest Sedition Is Silenceand#34;, “Unstable Pakistan Threatens the Worldand#34;, May 8th, 2009, http://www.arabamericannews.com/news/index.php?mod=articleandcat=commentaryandarticle=2183) But a suicide bomber in Pakistan AND the situation. So should we all.
Scenario 2: Africa Scarcity causes African instability. Montenegro ‘9 (Maywa, editor and writer at Seed magazine, “The Truth About Water Warsand#34;, May 14, 2009 http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/the_truth_about_water_wars/) It’s often been said that the next AND new and rapid adaptive security strategies.”
Scenario 3: Middle East Scarcity sparks Middle Eastern instability Koch and#39;13 (Paula, Master’s candidate at the George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs where she is studying Security Policy Studies. She was also a Fulbright Fellow to Jordan, and#34;Water Scarcity in the Middle Eastand#34;, April 29th, 2013, http://www.yourmiddleeast.com/features/water-scarcity-in-the-middle-east_5865)J.N.E The political and social AND quality of water in the Euphrates basin.
Causes nuclear wars. London and#39;10 (Herbert I., President of the Hudson Institute, a New York University based political think tank, and professor of Humanities at New York University, Hudson New York, 6/28/10, http://www.hudson-ny.org/1387/coming-crisis-in-the-middle-east) The coming storm in the AND on two legs: if one, falls, the tent collapses.
Nanotech solves - anti-bacterial meshes desalinate, accessible tech ensures global adoption. Tang and#39;11 (Sindy K. Y., postdoctoral fellow at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University, June 21st, 2011, https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/sitnflash_wp/2011/06/issue95/)J.N.E “The Nanotechnology Solution to the AND the global water challenge. SOLVENCY Uncertainty hinders nanotechnology - only the plan creates a basis for sustainable research and development. Falkner, Jaspers and#39;12 (Robert, London School of Economics, Nico, Free University Berlin, and#34;Regulating Nanotechnologies: Risk, Uncertainty and the Global Governance Gapand#34;, Global Environmental Politics, 12(1), February 2012, pp. 30 -55, http://personal.lse.ac.uk/falkner/_private/2012_Falkner_Jaspers_RegulatingNanotechnologies.pd)J.N.E As argued earlier, uncertainty AND coherence and strategic vision.
Plan is key to actualize the nanotech industry. Marburger and#39;06 (John, Ph. D in Applied Physics from Stanford, Emeritus Professor of Physics and Electrical Engineering at the University of Southern California, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy at Congress, President of Brookhaven Science Associates and Director of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, “HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION, AND COMPETITIVENESS OF THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION”, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-109shrg65910/html/CHRG-109shrg65910.htm) Public-sector ¶ research AND with significant network effects.
Nanotech engagement is inevitable in the short term - itand#39;s only a question of long-term sustainability. Foladori et al. and#39;12 (Guillermo FOLADORI, Profesor de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Dirección, Édgar ZÁYAGO Profesor de la Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas Dirección, Richard A PPELBAUM, Profesor de la Universidad de California Dirección electrónica, Rachel PARKER Investigadora del Science and Technology Policy Institute en Washington Dirección, and#34;Mexico-U.S Scientific Collaboration in Nanotechnologyand#34;, July-December, 2012, http://scielo.unam.mx/pdf/fn/v24n48/v24n48a6.pdf)J.N.E Among the various kinds AND those with European countries
Mexican development is key - geographic proximity, supply chains, and cooperation. NAFTA Works and#39;11 (Monthly Newsletter about NAFTA, and#34;Nanotechnology in Mexico: ready to get bigand#34;, February, 2011, Volume 16, Issue Two, http://www.naftamexico.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/feb11.pdf)J.N.E In Mexico, there are 56 AND resources and research facilities.
Nanofactories solve best, and can be developed quickly. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRNand#39;s positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, and#34;Personal Nanofactoriesand#34;, Last Updated April 16, 2007, http://www.crnano.org/bootstrap.htm ) J.N.E Overview: A key area of study for AND computers containing a billion processors.
International development is key to safe programs, distribution, and checking private interests. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRNand#39;s positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, and#34;Why International Development May Be Safestand#34;, Last Updated April 16, 2007.http://www.crnano.org/overview.htm ) J.N.E International development AND less tight-fisted approach.
The first instance of economic engagement from America to Cuba was in 1970. A small American ship docked into an empty harbor, 100 miles from Florida, and found a civilization of advanced natives. These natives, called Tainos, proceeded to explain the centuries of lost history to the Americans. Beginning with the successful revolutions against the Spanish, and ending with the present day, the natives discussed their destruction and overturning of colonial settlements. Bewildered by the advanced society the local Indians had, the ship returned to America after trading various items and learning of the Taino’s rich history. The government noted the Taino’s existence - “Should we invade them?” “Maybe we should trade with them? We could supply systems of democracy and assistance!” Your ballot must respond to resolutional action driven by Taino epistemology.
View the resolution from an alternative translation. Our weaving of historical and ahistorical narratives is an epistemologically disruptive and unsettling gesture. Brickhouse ’13 (Anna, associate professor of English and American studies at the University of Virginia, is the author of The Unsettlement of America: Translation, Interpretation, and the Story of Don Luis de Velasco, 1560–1945 (Oxford UP, forthcoming), “Mistranslation, Unsettlement, La¬Navidad”, 2013) J.N.E With this unnamed transatlantic inter- preter as its initial narrator...interpretive processes that guide us.
Now back to the present -
A group of supposedly extinct natives calls upon the government for autonomy, awareness, rights, and sovereignty. Living in a-history for the past five centuries, the group demands an end to environmental destruction, corruption, and financial exploitation. The group insists on engaging America. How does the federal government respond? The Smithsonian institute demands a blood test to verify identity and surveil the movement. Does the engagement become quid-pro-quo!? Are the Tainos forced into our liberal model of rights? The government refuses to do anything, merely acknowledging the existence of the group. But the Taino are not losing. Since the first natives landed on Cuba, Tainos have survived for thousands of years, living through war, genocide, capitalism, exhile, and countless other things. Demanding to be known as political agents, the Taino are winning. The United States does not know how to react. Western epistemology renders Tainos ignorable. Larisa Jasaveric writes in 2011 – (Dr. Larisa Jasaveric, Research department at the University of Chicago, NGOs and Humanitarian Subjects: Politics of Humanitarian Intervention, “Donning Feathers, Wing Hands: The Taíno Revival Movement and the Quest for Recognition”, March 14, 2011) J.N.E While the Taínos have self-identified as...effort to maintain cultural (and by extension political) capital.
The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement towards Cuba.
Vote affirmative to affirm Taino agency.
Engagement is a feedback loop between economic control and resistance to this violence. The 1ac is a portal into non-hegemonic forms of engagement – affirm the possibility of Tainos engaging the United States.
Modern critical and political theorizing is centered on past-tense ‘Indianism’. Authors construct a Latin Identity based upon Indigenous genocide while accounting only for the ‘extinct’ Indian. This allows Cuba to advocate indigenous movements in a binary between free Cuba and Imperialist U.S. This Cuban paternalism makes destruction of all indigenous identity an imperative. Catá Backer ’09 (Larry, Legal scholar and professor of law and international affairs, holds a professorship at the Pennsylvanian State University, W. Richard and Mary Eshelman Faculty Scholar Professor of Law and International Affairs, Dickinson School of Law and School of International Affairs, Pennsylvania State University (2001-), Ashgate Publishing Globalization Law and Policy Series editor (2010-), executive director of the Washington-based NGO Coalition for Peace and Ethics (2006-), Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, University of Oklahoma College of Law, “From Hatuey to Che: Indigenous Cuba without Indians and the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples”, 2008/2009, American Indian Law Review, Vol. 33, No. 1 (2008/2009), pp. 201-238, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20455380)J.N.E In the essays of Jose Marti, the Indian...Cuba approach the international regulatory context for the protection of indigenous peoples.
The supposedly extinct Taino becomes a political trope. In the midst of revolution and warfare, the Taino is accepted as a historical relic and ascended into a symbolic corpse in exchange for nationalist ideology. Catá Backer writes - Like Hatuey, Jose Marti's life was one...successors of the Indians exterminated by the Spanish.
Specifically, culture and identity is subdued. Jose Barreiro writes - (Larry Catá Backer, Legal scholar and professor of law and international affairs, holds a professorship at the Pennsylvanian State University, W. Richard and Mary Eshelman Faculty Scholar Professor of Law and International Affairs, Dickinson School of Law and School of International Affairs, Pennsylvania State University (2001-), Ashgate Publishing Globalization Law and Policy Series editor (2010-), executive director of the Washington-based NGO Coalition for Peace and Ethics (2006-), Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, University of Oklahoma College of Law, “From Hatuey to Che: Indigenous Cuba without Indians and the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples”, 2008/2009, American Indian Law Review, Vol. 33, No. 1 (2008/2009), pp. 201-238, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20455380)J.N.E Thus, for example, Jose Barreiro writes: In the middle...indigenous within Cuba.
Discursive action is necessary to interrupt everyday expectations of the Taino; that’s key to further social action. Feliciano-Santos ’11 (Sherina, Ph.D. University of Michigan, 2011 M.A. University of Michigan, 2006 B.A. Harvard University, 2002, “An Inconceivable Indigeneity: The Historical, Cultural, and Interactional Dimensions of Puerto Rican Taíno Activism”, A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in the University of Michigan 2011) J.N.E This research motivates the further...genealogies might direct future trajectories of social action.
The Taino identity is perpetually opaque and transparent. Indescribable from a single lens, we need to view social transformation with an ever adapting lens - Latin identity is shaped by not only the blood of the oppressor but also the oppressed.
2/19/14
Lost in Translation Affirmative
Tournament: University of Texas Classic | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Houston Academy for Intl | Judge: Panel Your ballot should affirm the resolution as a translation through Taino epistemology. Economic engagement persists with Cuba, yet it is UNDIVORCABLE from its historical context, this will outlast our entire civilization – we must recognize this. The Year is 1492, on a contract with King and Queen Ferdinand, Cristóbal Colón has arrived in the “New World”; he finds a mystical land filled with strange savages deemed “Indian”. Colón and the native Indians experience an exchange of brilliant objects of value – the first instance of economic engagement with Cuba. This engagement was much more than economic, the indians attempted to reason with diplomacy while converging culturally; the natives saw a symbolic value to objects while the Spaniards saw gold. The Spaniards are vicious and ruthless, depending on the situation, the native Indians could be cannibals or they could be noble savages, this ability to impose and tag an identity on bodies sets the foundation for our worldview. 20 years later, the Spaniards have slaughtered and subdued the native Taino Indians in a perpetual quest for gold. Birthed out of this transplanting of world views arose El Cacique Hatuey – a revolutionary yet charismatic figure capable of leading the first act of mass-rebellion. Hatuey’s revolution fails materially, yet spiritually it survives in immortality. Heralded as a martyr, Hatuey serves as an object, a symbolic tool to be utilized by Cuban revolutionaries. Hatuey is reborn as Jose Marti, Che Guevara, and many more as an act of rebellion in the face of injustice, oppression, and colonization. The initial genocide sets the template for all Latin identity. Although gone in its purest form, through blood, the Taino identity has spread throughout the Indies to all of Latin America, but this historical act has all but been told. Deemed extinct, the Taino Indians are forgotten, exiled to live only in ahistory. Centuries later, in Boriken, a new resurgence begins, one focused on reclaiming Taino identity and agency. Members search for their histories and cultures, and they claim to only desire awareness. Yet governments fails to acknowledge any form of engagement, Larisa Jasaveric writes in 2011 – (Dr. Larisa Jasaveric, Research department at the University of Chicago, NGOs and Humanitarian Subjects: Politics of Humanitarian Intervention, “Donning Feathers, Waving Hands: The Taíno Revival Movement and the Quest for Recognition”, March 14, 2011) J.N.E While the Taínos have...maintain cultural (and by extension political) capital.
The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement towards Taino groups in Cuba.
We need to attune our history and engagement to respond to Taino identity - Status quo debate is built upon a MISTRANSLATION of the resolution: an imperialist mode of engagement. The 1ac’s translation and reading is from the perspective of the indigenous – a history of the victim rather than the victor. Voting affirmative recalibrates economic engagement to account for Tainos which is an engagement inseparable from diplomacy and culture. Brickhouse ’13 (Anna, associate professor of English and American studies at the University of Virginia, is the author of The Unsettlement of America: Translation, Interpretation, and the Story of Don Luis de Velasco, 1560–1945 (Oxford UP, forthcoming), “Mistranslation, Unsettlement, La¬Navidad”, 2013) J.N.E With this unnamed transatlantic inter- preter ...interpretive processes that guide us.
That’s necessary to reconstructing Taino identity; reclamation is necessary to prevent cultural extinction and direct further social action. Feliciano-Santos ’11 (Sherina, Ph.D. University of Michigan, 2011 M.A. University of Michigan, 2006 B.A. Harvard University, 2002, “An Inconceivable Indigeneity: The Historical, Cultural, and Interactional Dimensions of Puerto Rican Taíno Activism”, A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in the University of Michigan 2011) J.N.E This research motivates the ...future trajectories of social action.
The 1ac is an epistemology that is necessary for a progressive shift in consciousness – our translation is empirically more sustainable than the status quo. Cintron ‘06 (David Ray, B.A. Vassar College, “THE TAÍNO ARE STILL ALIVE, TAÍNO CUAN YAHABO: AN EXAMPLE OF THE SOCIAL CO NSTRUCTION OF RACE AND ETHNICITY”, A thesis submitted Summer Term 2006 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in the Department of Sociology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida http://etd.fcla.edu/CF/CFE0001325/Cintron_David_R_200608_MA.pdf) J.N.E Beginning in 1492, the Taínos faced a paradigm ...Puerto Ricans or otherwise.
Debate can be about anything, but this debate is solely about the question of recognizing indigenous identity; the focus on any other goal is doomed to failure and trades off with dismantling colonial ideologies. Byrd ‘11 (Jodi A., (Chickasaw), assistant professor of American Indian studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, The Transit of Empire: Indigenous Critiques of Colonialism, pg. xvii) There is more than one way to ...to contain more and more historical experiences.
The 1ac performance is a translation that emphasizes culture and history which MUST be the starting point. Byrd ‘11 (Jodi A., (Chickasaw), assistant professor of American Indian studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, The Transit of Empire: Indigenous Critiques of Colonialism, pg. xxix-xxx) In their definition there emerges ...other and its origins are not tied to migration:"
Colonialism manifests itself today at the ideological and discursive level which shapes our thinking – recalibrating the EXPECTATIONS of identity is necessary. Charles ’95 (Asselin, Humber College, The Pennsylvania State University, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Comparative Literature “Colonial Discourse Since Christopher Columbus”, Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 26, No. 2 (Nov., 1995), pp. 134-152, Published by: Sage Publications, Inc., http://www.jstor.org/stable/2784839, Accessed: 12/11/2013) J.N.E Freedom has dawned in the land of ...Black Skin, White Masks (1967).
Hatuey’s sacrifice has paved the way for transcendent indigenismo which opens the possibility of revolution. Catá Backer ’09 (Larry, Legal scholar and professor of law and international affairs, holds a professorship at the Pennsylvanian State University, W. Richard and Mary Eshelman Faculty Scholar Professor of Law and International Affairs, Dickinson School of Law and School of International Affairs, Pennsylvania State University (2001-), Ashgate Publishing Globalization Law and Policy Series editor (2010-), executive director of the Washington-based NGO Coalition for Peace and Ethics (2006-), Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, University of Oklahoma College of Law, “From Hatuey to Che: Indigenous Cuba without Indians and the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples”, 2008/2009, American Indian Law Review, Vol. 33, No. 1 (2008/2009), pp. 201-238, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20455380) J.N.E Since the time of the conquests ...of indigenous peoples.
Historical analysis, in the context of Taino identity, is necessary to altering a social collective narrative and forming our subjectivity. Feliciano-Santos ’11 (Sherina, Ph.D. University of Michigan, 2011 M.A. University of Michigan, 2006 B.A. Harvard University, 2002, “An Inconceivable Indigeneity: The Historical, Cultural, and Interactional Dimensions of Puerto Rican Taíno Activism”, A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in the University of Michigan 2011) J.N.E Current Taíno struggles focus on ...work will be foregrounded? (2005: 599).
12/7/13
Lost in Translation v2
Tournament: Colleyville | Round: Semis | Opponent: Highland Park HS | Judge: Panel The first instance of economic engagement from America to Cuba was in 1970.
A small American ship docked into an empty harbor, 100 miles from Florida. The Americans found a civilization of advanced natives. These natives, called Tainos, proceeded to explain the centuries of lost history to the Americans. Beginning with the successful revolutions against the Spanish, and ending with the present day, the natives discussed their destruction and overturning of colonial settlements. Bewildered by the advanced society the local Indians had, the ship returned to America after trading various items and learning of the Taino’s rich history.
The government noted the Tainos existence - “Should we invade them?” “Maybe we should trade with them? We could supply systems of democracy and assistance!”
Shatter your western identity.
Your ballot must respond to resolutional action driven by Taino epistemology.
View the resolution from an alternative translation. Our weaving of historical and ahistorical narratives is an epistemologically disruptive gesture. Brickhouse ’13 (Anna, associate professor of English and American studies at the University of Virginia, is the author of The Unsettlement of America: Translation, Interpretation, and the Story of Don Luis de Velasco, 1560–1945 (Oxford UP, forthcoming), “Mistranslation, Unsettlement, La¬Navidad”, 2013) J.N.E With this unnamed transatlantic inter- preter...interpretive processes that guide us. A group of supposedly extinct natives calls upon the government for autonomy, awareness, rights, and sovereignty. Living in a-history for the past five centuries, the group demands an end to environmental destruction, corruption, and financial exploitation. The group insists on engaging America. How does the federal government respond? The Smithsonian institute demands a blood test to verify identity and surveil the movement. Does the engagement become quid-pro-quo!? Are the Tainos forced into our liberal model of rights? The government refuses to do anything, merely acknowledging the existence of the group. But the Taino are not losing. Since the first natives landed on Cuba, Tainos have survived for thousands of years, living through war, genocide, capitalism, exhile, and countless other things. Demanding to be known as political agents, the Taino are winning. The United States does not know how to react.
Our epistemology renders Taino ignorable. Larisa Jasaveric writes in 2011 – (Dr. Larisa Jasaveric, Research department at the University of Chicago, NGOs and Humanitarian Subjects: Politics of Humanitarian Intervention, “Donning Feathers, Wing Hands: The Taíno Revival Movement and the Quest for Recognition”, March 14, 2011) J.N.E While the Taínos have self-identified...maintain cultural (and by extension political) capital.
The United States federal government should substantially increase its economic engagement towards Cuba.
Vote affirmative to affirm Taino agency.
Engagement is a feedback loop between economic control and resistance to this violence. The 1ac is a portal into non hegemonic forms of engagement – affirm the possibility of Tainos engaging the United States.
El Indio Hatuey was the first great Taino revolutionary. His sacrifice has paved the way for a transcendent Indigenismo; this shapes all Latin identity and opens up the possibility of revolution. Catá Backer ’09 (Larry, Legal scholar and professor of law and international affairs, holds a professorship at the Pennsylvanian State University, W. Richard and Mary Eshelman Faculty Scholar Professor of Law and International Affairs, Dickinson School of Law and School of International Affairs, Pennsylvania State University (2001-), Ashgate Publishing Globalization Law and Policy Series editor (2010-), executive director of the Washington-based NGO Coalition for Peace and Ethics (2006-), Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, University of Oklahoma College of Law, “From Hatuey to Che: Indigenous Cuba without Indians and the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples”, 2008/2009, Ameri
2/2/14
Nanotechnology - Rare Earths Advantage
Tournament: TFA State | Round: 6 | Opponent: Greenhill DJ | Judge: McCullough 3 ADV 3: RARE EARTHS
China is committed to rare earth development – allows them to armbar the market. Martin ‘12 (May 8th, Richard, A contributing editor for Wired since 2002, he has written about energy, for Time, Fortune, The Atlantic, and the Asian Wall Street Journal, editorial director for Pike Research, the leading cleantech research and analysis firm, former Technology Producer for ABCNews.com, Technology Editor for The Industry Standard (2000-2001), and Editor-at- Large for Information Week (2005-2008), recipient of the “Excellence in Feature Writing" Award from the Society for Professional Journalists and the White Award for Investigative Reporting, Educated at Yale and the University of Hong Kong, , “SuperFuel: Thorium, the Green Energy Source for the Future”, ISBN 978—0»230-116474) NOT LONG AGO, FEW AMERICAN POLITICIANS...rare earths conference.
Monopoly hamstrings first strike capabilities – it kills the entire defense system. Kennedy ‘10 (J. Kennedy, March, President of Wings Enterprises, “Critical and Strategic Failure of Rare Earth Resources,”http:www.smenet.org/rareEarthsProject/TMS-NMAB-paperV-3.pdf) The national defense issues are...favor of “the principles of free trade.”
Escalates to global war – states perceive vulnerability. Caves ‘10 (John P, Senior Research Fellow in the Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction at the National Defense University, January, Strategic Forum, No. 252, “Avoiding a Crisis of Confidence in the U.S. Nuclear Deterrent”) Perceptions of a compromised U.S....terrorists alone could inflict.
Monopoly attenuates American innovation. Morrison ‘12 (April 30th, Wayne M. Morrison Specialist in Asian Trade and Finance, Congressional Research Service, China’s Rare Earth Industry and Export Regime: Economic and Trade Implications for the United States, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R42510.pdf) China’s position as...and the European Union (EU).
Innovation checks extinction – it’s key to adaptation. Kurzweil ’08 (BS in Computer Science and Literature in 1970 from MIT, header of tons of entrepreneurial projects (Ray, 13 April 2008, Making the World A Billion Times Better, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/11/AR2008041103326.html,) This exponential progress...spread around the globe.
Plan solves –
A) Nano-recycling Nanowerk News ’13 (Nanowerk News, delivers useful, comprehensive and cutting-edge information about all things nano with a vast range of resources, “Using Nanomaterials to Recycle Rare Earth Elements From Wastewater”, Nov 14, 2013, http://www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology_news/newsid=33228.php)J.N.E Researchers in China have discovered...to handle its domestic recycling and resale operations.
B) Extraction and Separation Gillet ’02 (Stephen, Foresight Insitute, Ph.D. Dept. of Geological Sciences Mackay School of Mines University of Nevada Reno, “Nanotechnology: Clean Energy and Resources for the Future” November 2002, https://www.foresight.org/impact/whitepaper_illos_rev3.PDF)J.N.E Fission is obviously a thermal technology, and...necessity of separating isotopes.
C) Hyper-efficient solutions independently uppercut Chinese dependence. Cedrus ’11 (Cedrus Investments, expertise in wealth management, asset management, and financial services, “Nanotechnology’s Impact on the Rare Earth Marketplace; The Investment Oppurtunity”, April 6th, 2011, http://www.cedrusinvestments.com/pdf/industry_reports/Nanotechnology20Impact20on20Rare20Earth20Marketplace.pdf)J.N.E Applications driving the demand for rare earth elements include...efficiency of optical telecommunications.
Treder and Phoenix say that developing mnt allows us to create systems that check grey goo -
Grey goo is inevitable and causes extinction – comparitevly outweighs. Pesce '99 (Mark, BS Candidate at MIT, “Thinking Small,” FEED Magazine, October, 1999 http://hyperreal.org/~mpesce/ThinkingSmall.html) The nanoassembler is the..monoculture of nanites.
TECH LEADERSHIP -
US tech leadership is declining and causes extinction – only the plan can revitablze it. Hummell et al '12 (Robert Hummel, PhD1, Policy Research Division, Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, Patrick Cheetham, Justin Rossi, Synesis: A Journal of Science, Technology, Ethics, and Policy 2012 “US Science and Technology Leadership, and Technology Grand Challenges,” http://www.synesisjournal.com/vol3_g/Hummel_2012_G14-39.pdf) Taken together, there is...coordinated effort throughout the society.
DEMOCRACY -
Treder and Phoenix says that MNT allows quicker communication which solves democratic governments -
That checks extinction. Diamond ‘95 - Hoover Institute Senior Fellow (Larry, “Promoting Democracy in the 1990s,” http://wwics.si.edu/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/di/fr.htm) This hardly exhausts the...security and prosperity can be built.
DISEASE -
Treder and Phoenix say MNT allows disease prevention by supplying health and communication.
Nanotech solves - Quantum Dots enforce accurate diagnosis and treatment. VOA News '09 (“Nanotechnology Could Improve Health Care in Developing Countries,” pg online @ http://www.voanews.com/articleprintview/347615.html) Scientists say nanotechnology...lower side effects."
Plan serves as catalyst to broader relations with Mexico. Dolan '12 (Bridget, M., rearch scholar at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (publisher of Science and Diplomacy) Center for Science Diplomacy from January to June 2012. "Science and Technology Agreements as Tools for Science Diplomacy,"http://www.sciencediplomacy.org/article/2012/science-and-technology-agreements-tools-for-science-diplomacy)J.N.E At the time the...environmental protection, and education.
Relations check Central American stability Selee, Wilson, 12 (Andrew, Vice President for Programs and Senior Advisor to the Mexico Institute at the Wilson Center, Christopher, associate with the Mexico Institute “A New Agenda with Mexico", Wilson Center, November 2012, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/a_new_agenda_with_mexico.pdf) Going forward, the ...and social landscape.
Impact is global war Rochlin ‘94 (James Francis, Professor of Political Science at Okanagan U. College, Discovering the Americas: The Evolution of Canadian Foreign Policy Towards Latin America, 130-131) While there were ...in the next chapter.
OVERPRODUCTION -
Mexican nanotech is unregulated and spills over. Foladori and Lau 7--(ReLANS coordinators, Doctoral Program in Development Studies Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas, México, “Nanotechnologies in Latin America,” pg online @ http://www.rosalux.de/fileadmin/rls_uploads/pdfs/Manuskripte_81.pdfum-ef) At the beginning of...made in this regard.
That spins out of control and causes extinction. CRN '04 (Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, “Disaster Scenarios," 4/19/04, http://crnano.typepad.com/crnblog/2004/07/disaster_scenar.html) Subquestion F: Environmental devastation by overproduction? ...the human race.
Science diplomacy creates international cooperation that independently de-escalates every impact and solves failed states Fedoroff '08 (Nina, subcommittee on research and science education, committee on science and technology, House of Representatives, 110 Congress, administrator of USAID, science and technology advisor to the Secretary of State and US Department of State, “International Science and Technology Cooperation,” Government Printing Office, 4/2/2008, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-110hhrg41470/html/CHRG-110hhrg41470.htm) Chairman Baird, Ranking Member Ehlers..and create sustainability.
2/2/14
Nanotecnologia
Tournament: Colleyville | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Coppell | Judge: Panel 1 ADV 1: MT Molecular nanotechnology is inevitable by 2020 – it’s only question of where and how soon. An early stance is key to prevent arms races, grey go, and wars. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRN's positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, "Results of Our Ongoing Research", Last Updated April 16, 2007.http://www.crnano.org/overview.htm ) J.N.E Early development of molecular…very significant benefit.
Arms races are likely and nothing checks it – exponential growth, distrust, and empirics. Gubrud ‘08 (Mark Avrum, Center for Superconductivity Research, “Nanotechnology and International Security", http://www.foresight.org/Conferences/MNT05/Papers/Gubrud)J.N.E With the advent of … grasp of even wise decisionmakers.
Nanoweapons revolutionize the battlefield causing global destruction and power vacuums; only early control can lead to deterrence capability. Martinez ’12 (Yaiza, writer for neno-tech news, citing signal magazine, “Nanotechnology promises more destructive weapons than nuclear”, April 10th, 2012, http://www.neno-tech-views.com/nanotechnology-promises-more-destructive-weapons-than-nuclear)J.N.E Nanotechnology may lead… research in this field.
MT allows clean and cheap tech - solves the environment. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRN's positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, "Notes on Molecular Manufacturing Projections and Policy", Last Updated April 16, 2007.http://www.crnano.org/overview.htm ) J.N.E Environmental remediation:…for mechanical cleaning.
Environmental collapse is inevitable and risks extinction. Ehrlich and Ehrlich ‘13 (Paul, Professor of Biology and President of the Center for Conservation Biology at Stanford University, and Adjunct Professor at the University of Technology, Sydney, His research interests are in the ecology and evolution of natural populations of butterflies, reef fishes, birds and human beings. Anne, Senior Research Scientist in Biology at Stanford and focuses her research on policy issues related to the environment, “Can a collapse of global civilization be avoided?” January 9th, 2013, http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1754/20122845.full) Virtually every past civilization…of the vast majority of people would disappear. pg
MNT is feasible - the only barrier is investment. Anissimov '12 (Michael, futurist who serves as Media Director for the Singularity Institute and sits on the board of directors of Humanity+, "Feasibility Arguments for Molecular Nanotechnology", July 9th, 2012, http://hplusmagazine.com/2012/07/09/feasibility-arguments-for-molecular-nanotechnology/)J.N.E Here are some feasibility … major breakthrough in the area.
PLAN Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its nanofactory development assistance to Mexico.
2 ADV 2: CIRCULATION Current science cooperation results in brain drain - kills the Mexican economy and prevents competitiveness. Arenas '12 (Gabriel, journalist, University of Nebraska, “Flip Side of Mexican Immigration: Brain Drain”, 4/20/12, http://cojmc.unl.edu/mosaic/2012/04/20/1642/) “The problem is very serious,”… “Their migration needs to be reversed, or Mexico risks its future.”
Economic downturn causes cartel takeover. Holub '10 (Hugh Holub, JD from University of Arizona, Attorney, Executive Director of Center for Sustainable Development, Expert on Government Relations, “What Happens If Mexico Collapses?” 7/30/2010, http://tucsoncitizen.com/view-from-baja-arizona/2010/07/30/what-happens-if-mexico-collapses/) During the last Mexican …and so close to the United States”.
Drug takeover destabilizes the entire region. Hennemuth '13 (Elizabeth, "Unintended Consequences Considering Mexico’s Stability when Designing U.S. Immigration Reform", May, 2013, http://www.wm.edu/offices/itpir/_documents/pips/2012-2013/hennemuth_e_brief.pdf)J.N.E Mexico’s instability negative ly…harm formal U.S. -Mexican economic ties
That creates power vacuums – great power wars and a laundry list of problems. Grygiel '09 (Jakub, George H. W. Bush Associate Professor of International Relations at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at the Johns Hopkins, “Vacuum Wars”, July/August 2009, http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=622) Mention “failed states” …entered their respective professions.
Plan is key to brain circulation - collaboration creates high skilled worker flow. Daugeliene et al. '09 (Rasa, Rita Marcinkeviciene, Kaunas University of Technology, "Brain Circulation: Theoretical Considerations", ISSN 1392 – 2785 Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics (3). WORK HUMANISM 2009, http://www.ktu.lt/lt/mokslas/zurnalai/inzeko/63/1392-2758-2009-3-63-49.pdf, peer reviewed) J.N.E International migration is…from one state to another (Blitz, 2005). Circulation grows the economy - allows rapid proliferation of knowledge that creates innovation and growth. Daugeliene et al. '09 (Rasa, Rita Marcinkeviciene, Kaunas University of Technology "Brain Circulation: Theoretical Considerations", ISSN 1392 – 2785 Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics (3). WORK HUMANISM 2009, http://www.ktu.lt/lt/mokslas/zurnalai/inzeko/63/1392-2758-2009-3-63-49.pdf, peer reviewed) J.N.E Thus, there can be…high-tech industries.
3 ADV 3: WATER
Global scarcity is coming now – academic consensus – it fuels international competition and conflict. Chellaney ‘13 (Brahma, Geostrategist and author, most recently, of Water, Peace, and War: Confronting the Global Water Crisis, The National, “Water scarcity is a looming threat to global security”, October 9th, 2013, http://www.thenational.ae/thenationalconversation/comment/water-scarcity-is-a-looming-threat-to-global-security)J.N.E In a water-… and natural disasters.
Scenario 1: Pakistan Water scarcity causes Pakistani instability - overpopulation, inequity, and nukes. York '13 (Suzanne, senior writer with the Institute for Population Studies, "Water Scarcity: The Making of a Pakistani Tinderbox?" July 24th, 2013, http://populationgrowth.org/the-tinderbox-that-might-be-pakistan/)J.N.E According to a new report from… worse than anything we see today".
Pakistani instability causes nuclear war Pitt ‘9 (William, New York Times and internationally bestselling author of two books: "War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know" and "The Greatest Sedition Is Silence", “Unstable Pakistan Threatens the World", May 8th, 2009, http://www.arabamericannews.com/news/index.php?mod=articleandcat=commentaryandarticle=2183) But a suicide bomber in… be gravely serious about addressing the situation. So should we all.
Scenario 2: Asia
Scarcity causes interstate wars. Priyadarshi ‘12 (Nitish, lecturer in the department of environment and water management at Ranchi University in India, “War for water is not a far cry”, June 16, 2012, http://www.cleangangaportal.org/node/44)
Water stress is set to… impact will vary from basin to basin. Asian war goes nuclear – nothing checks it. Mohan ’13 (C. Raja, distinguished fellow at the Observer Research Foundation in New Delhi, “Emerging Geopolitical Trends and Security in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the People’s Republic of China, and India (ACI) Region,” March 2013, http://www.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/PE/2013/10737.pdf) Three broad types … geographic scope and the normative basis for a future security order in Asia.
Nanotech solves - anti-bacterial meshes desalinate, accessible tech ensures global adoption. Tang '11 (Sindy K. Y., postdoctoral fellow at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University, June 21st, 2011, https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/sitnflash_wp/2011/06/issue95/)J.N.E “The Nanotechnology Solution to the Global Water Challenge” - …thus holds great promise to tackle the global water challenge. SOLVENCY
Uncertainty hinders nanotechnology - only the plan creates a basis for sustainable research and development. Falkner, Jaspers '12 (Robert, London School of Economics, Nico, Free University Berlin, "Regulating Nanotechnologies: Risk, Uncertainty and the Global Governance Gap", Global Environmental Politics, 12(1), February 2012, pp. 30 -55, http://personal.lse.ac.uk/falkner/_private/2012_Falkner_Jaspers_RegulatingNanotechnologies.pd)J.N.E As argued earlier, uncertainty… coherence and strategic vision.
Plan is key to actualize the nanotech industry. Marburger '06 (John, Ph. D in Applied Physics from Stanford, Emeritus Professor of Physics and Electrical Engineering at the University of Southern California, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy at Congress, President of Brookhaven Science Associates and Director of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, “HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION, AND COMPETITIVENESS OF THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION”, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-109shrg65910/html/CHRG-109shrg65910.htm) Public-sector ¶ … significant network effects.
Nanotech engagement is inevitable in the short term - it's only a question of long-term sustainability. Foladori et al. '12 (Guillermo FOLADORI, Profesor de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Dirección, Édgar ZÁYAGO Profesor de la Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas Dirección, Richard A PPELBAUM, Profesor de la Universidad de California Dirección electrónica, Rachel PARKER Investigadora del Science and Technology Policy Institute en Washington Dirección, "Mexico-U.S Scientific Collaboration in Nanotechnology", July-December, 2012, http://scielo.unam.mx/pdf/fn/v24n48/v24n48a6.pdf)J.N.E Among the various kinds …relative to those with European countries
Mexican development is key - geographic proximity, supply chains, and cooperation. NAFTA Works '11 (Monthly Newsletter about NAFTA, "Nanotechnology in Mexico: ready to get big", February, 2011, Volume 16, Issue Two, http://www.naftamexico.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/feb11.pdf)J.N.E In Mexico, there are 56 universities… human resources and research facilities.
Nanofactories solve best, and can be developed quickly. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRN's positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, "Personal Nanofactories", Last Updated April 16, 2007, http://www.crnano.org/bootstrap.htm ) J.N.E Overview: A key area of study for CRN…containing a billion processors.
International development is key to safe programs, distribution, and checking private interests. Treder and Phoenix ‘07 (Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. Chris, CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRN's positions are the result of deliberations between its principals. BOTH, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, "Why International Development May Be Safest", Last Updated April 16, 2007.http://www.crnano.org/overview.htm ) J.N.E International development…tight-fisted approach.