Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 2 | Opponent: Walter Peyton BC | Judge: Marc Jacome

1ac glenbrooks

Contention 1 is my story

I was born in America, it’s the land of the free
But this white country can’t make my identity.
I live in Hoco, with a nice life in the suburbs
Where unseen hate: it’s all going unheard.
I’m Asian, "yellow," the kid with straight As
I’ll be a "doctaa," at least that’s what people say
But I’m more than just your "human calculator"
CapDeb and DB made me a debater
Gila, Dario, Will, and Daniel Budai
Old white partners, no longer at my side
Two years later, after fiating plan texts
and tryin to understand this horrible mess
I’mma be the Asian me and try to advocate
What I believe and lets have a debate

Contention 2 is the resolution

The British held Latin American colony of Guyana had a problem—their parliament in London had just abolished official slavery—the solution was simple—trick the natives of their perceived exemplary colony in South Asia into "indentureship"
Horizons 13 ~Accessed October 14^th 2013, Guyana’s premier historical magazine, "The Arrival of East Indians In Guyana", http://www.horizonsguyana.com/the-arrival-of-east-indians-in-guyana/~~
Indentureship could be characterized as one of "struggle, sacrifice and resistance" where
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aligned with the plantocracy while the labourers had little opportunity of defending themselves.

This story is consistent throughout history—the hidden history of Asians in America unearths the discrimination that has been hidden behind the myth of the model minority
Chang ’93 ~1993,  Robert S. Chang is a Professor of Law and an Associate Dean for Research and Faculty Development, He also serves on the advisory board of Berkeley’s Asian American Law Journal. "Toward an Asian American Legal Scholarship: Critical Race Theory, Post-Structuralism, and Narrative Space", 81 Cal. L. Rev. 1241~
A. Exclusion from Legal and Political Participation 1. Immigration and Naturalization America has
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were brave enough to raise their voices. We can do no less.

This narrative continues today—modern day South Asians are touted as the model minority of modern day suburbia—the group that succeeded where other minorities have failed
Subramanian 12 ~June 15th, 2012, Anand Subramanian is an attorney and program manager for the Closing the Racial Wealth Gap Initiative at the Insight Center for Community Economic Development, "Those Indian kids sure spell well: Yes, they’re inspiring, but don’t buy into the ’model minority’ myth", http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/opinion/perspectives/those-indian-kids-sure-spell-well-yes-theyre-inspiring-but-dont-buy-into-the-model-minority-myth-640496/~~
The myth of the "model minority," typically applied to Asian-Americans (
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this segment of the community when crafting policies to help Americans get by.

The everyday experiences of South Asian Americans proves our argument—the experiences of second generation immigrants such as Qudsia Raja has demonstrated oppression against Asians—the only way to solve is to speak out against the silence
Blake 2 ~February 3^rd, 2002, John Blake is a writer for the Atlanta Journal Constitution, "South Asian Atlantans Feel Burden of Model Minority Myth", http://www.modelminority.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content26view=article26id=222:south-asian-atlantans-feel-burden-of-model-minority-myth-26catid=41:identity26Itemid=56~~
Four outlaws gathered at a Decatur coffeehouse to talk over their crimes. One had
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in and living up to what’s expected rather than having your own voice."

The Presence of minorities is policed by hostility and discrimination—the Asian body is licked between inclusion and ostracism—a position between the dominant and the subordinate which is unjust in a nation that promises immigrants a dream
Peffer 7 Ohio University Eastern 2k7 Tony-; Editor’s Preface; JOURNAL OF ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES (JAAS), February, Volume 10, No. 1; p.
Minority peoples, whatever their location, struggle with the process of relating to and
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so great and whose ideals promise the possibility of realized dreams to all.

This manifestation of the model minority – portraying Asian Americans solely as hardworking others – without exposure of plight makes people resent and become unsympathetic 
This has 3 implications. 

• • 1. The oppression of the Asian American continues.
       2. The Asian body is used to justify oppression of other minorities.
       3. Asians are viewed as privileged by other minorities when in reality that is not true.
       Chang 93 ~1993,  Robert S. Chang is a Professor of Law and an Associate Dean for Research and Faculty Development, He also serves on the advisory board of Berkeley’s Asian American Law Journal. "Toward an Asian American Legal Scholarship: Critical Race Theory, Post-Structuralism, and Narrative Space", 81 Cal. L. Rev. 1241~
       B. The Model Minority Myth This history of discrimination and violence, as well
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       Americans while simultaneously legitimizing the oppression of other racial minorities and poor whites.

Thus, in order to expose the invisibility of South Asian Americans, Aman and I economically engage with Guyana by exposing the history of South Asian Immigrants. Aman and I affirm a process of conscientization to break down the myth of the model minority and serve as a praxis to bring the South Asian identity into the light.

Contention 3 is our methodology

We often competitively participate in debate without ever considering the possibility for how debate can CHANGE the world – how the critical thinking and research skills we develop can provide MEANING and advance methodologies to liberate oppressed people often within our social location. – Our speech act focuses on the EPISTEMOLOGICAL GROWTH occurring from the activity and the development of critical consciousness –Debate becomes more than a game but a process of life leading to CONSCIENTIZATION
Osajima 7 professor and Director of the Race and Ethnic Studies Program @ Univ of Redlands 2k7
Keith-;  REPLENISHING THE RANKS:  Raising Critical Consciousness Among Asian Americans; JOURNAL OF ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES (JAAS), February, Volume 10, No. 1; p. 64
The fact that these young Asian Americans, from widely varying class, geographic,
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and conditions that contribute to the development of an Asian American critical consciousness.

US Economic engagement as well as the way we choose to discuss economic engagement policies neglects the presence of the Asian identity. Our critical examination of this year’s policy questions raises our consciousness of how we as Asians exist and see the world – this can create real change
Osajima 7 professor and Director of the Race and Ethnic Studies Program @ Univ of Redlands 2k7
Keith-;  REPLENISHING THE RANKS:  Raising Critical Consciousness Among Asian Americans; JOURNAL OF ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES (JAAS), February, Volume 10, No. 1; p. 64
Conscientization for these respondents meant being able to "name their world." That is
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world.  Naming the world was an important step toward actively changing it.

This round has implications on the development of Asian American consciousness—debate is the forum in which we can formulate and develop critical consciousness to reflect upon the academic reflection from which this is developed
Osajima 7 professor and Director of the Race and Ethnic Studies Program @ Univ of Redlands 2k7
Keith-;  REPLENISHING THE RANKS:  Raising Critical Consciousness Among Asian Americans; JOURNAL OF ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES (JAAS), February, Volume 10, No. 1; p. 60
It is evident that young Asian Americans, like their 1960s counterparts, have continued
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oriented reflection, can help to move students toward an Asian American consciousness.

Debate is key—social activities that can allow individuals to see themselves in relation to the world, breaking away from binary constructions that separate academia from the social experience of individuals allows the rise of critical consciousness necessary to make social change
Osajima 7 professor and Director of the Race and Ethnic Studies Program @ Univ of Redlands 2k7
Keith-;  REPLENISHING THE RANKS:  Raising Critical Consciousness Among Asian Americans; JOURNAL OF ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES (JAAS), February, Volume 10, No. 1; p. 74-78
From the interviews, we can identify critical elements that contribute to conscientization. While
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along with greater coordination of influences, is an important dimension of conscientization.

Tournament: Scranton | Round: 4 | Opponent: Wilson KD | Judge: Trevor Reddick

Plan

The United States federal government should normalize its trade relations with the Republic of Cuba

Advantage 1

Multilat

Unipolarity has been the most violent time in US history
Montiero ’12 ~Winter 2012, Nuno Montiero is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale University "Unrest Assured: Why Unipolarity is Not Peaceful" International Security, http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/ISEC_a_00064, RS~
In contrast, the question of unipolar peacefulness has received virtually no attention. Although
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e., the debate on durability) has all but monopolized our attention.

Multiple structural factors make unilateral action unsustainable
Haass ’8 ~May/June 2008, Richard – President of the Council on Foreign Relations (Bottom of Form The Age of Nonpolarity What Will Follow U.S. Dominance, Foreign Affairs, RS~
But even if great-power rivals have not emerged, unipolarity has ended.
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or block Tehran’s access to nuclear technology and materials. Nonpolarity begets nonpolarity.

Attempting to maintain unilateralism causes war
Montalván, 10 - a 17-year veteran of the U.S. Army including multiple combat tours in Iraq, master’s of science from Columbia University’s Graduate School of Journalism (Luis, "Multilateralism is Essential for Peace in the 21st Century" Huffington Post, 4/23, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/luis-carlos-montalvan/multilateralism-is-essent_b_550332.html)
Unilateralism is the wrong approach for American Diplomacy. There is nothing to suggest its
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us. Now is the time to create rather than divide common ground.

Multilateral cooperation is key — new distribution of power causes global instability and a power vacuum—International cooperation is key to fill in and create stability—solves every impact
Haass ’8 ~4/16/08, Richard Haass, president of the Council on Foreign Relations, "The Age of Nonpolarity", http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/04/the_age_of_nonpolarity.html, RS~
The increasingly nonpolar world will have mostly negative consequences for the United States — and
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and increase the odds that the international system will not deteriorate or disintegrate. 

Power is not the same as leadership—only multilateral support can create an effective US-led international order
Fakiolas and Fakiolas ’7 ~Efstathios T. Fakiolas holds a PhD from the Department of War Studies, King’s College London, and is currently working as a strategy and southeastern European affairs analyst at ATEbank AND Tassos E. Fakiolas holds a PhD from IMEMO, Moscow, Russian Academy of Sciences and is a special adviser on Russian and east European affairs for a Greek business firm., "Pax Americana or Multilateralism?", Mediterranean Quarterly 18.4 (2007) 53-86, RS~
Since the aftermath of the 11 September 2001 terrorist bombings, the president of the
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able to make its conception of order and stability acceptable to the others. 

Ending the Cuba embargo signals a commitment to multitateralism
Colvin ’8
~Jake, fellow with the New Ideas Fund, a group that seeks new approaches and paradigms for U.S. national security and foreign policy. He is also Vice President for Global Trade Issues at the National Foreign Trade Council (NFTC) and oversees the Cuba initiative of USA*Engage, "The Case for a New Cuba Policy", 12/23/2008, http://web.archive.org/web/20120904201743/http://www.newideasfund.org/proposals/Colvin20-20Cuba20-20Master.pdf, RS~
A signal to the world Beyond the domestic political benefit of acknowledging a changing Cuban
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have an enormous impact. I think you can do that with Cuba.?

Normalizing economic relations with Cuba is key to multilateralism – key to conflict resolution and reversing American decline
Dickerson ’10 ~Sergio M – Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted in fulfillment of a Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the US Army War College, "UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA," 1/14/10, http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518053.pdf, RS~
At the international political level, President Obama sees resuming relations with Cuba as a
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decline in the greater global order bringing true peace for years to come. 

Independently, multilateralism solves every impact
Zakaria, ’08 ~Fareed Zakaria, 10/29/08, "Wanted: A New Grand Strategy", http://www.newsweek.com/2008/11/28/wanted-a-new-grand-strategy.html, DS~
The "Global Trends" report identifies several worrying aspects of the new international order
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world’s major players, old and new, in order to be effective.

Any step short of unconditional removal won’t create the same symbol of multilateralism
Vivanco 6- LLM from Harvard Law School, Americas director of Humans Rights Watch
(Jose Miguel, "Restraint, not force, will bring change to Cuba", humans rights watch, 12/22/06, http://www.hrw.org/news/2006/12/21/restraint-not-force-will-bring-change-cuba,  google scholar)KW
This reluctance would be understandable but misguided. Most Cubans do want change. If
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when the US stops acting like Goliath will Cuba stop looking like David.

Advantage 2

Cuba’s agriculture is at a turning point—it’s slipping away from sustainability now 
King ’12 ~March 2012. "Cuban Sustainability: The Effects of Economic Isolation on Agriculture and Energy." M. Dawn King – Professor of Political Science and Environmental Studies at. Lehigh University. http://wpsa.research.pdx.edu/meet/2012/kingmdawn.pdf~~
Despite the potential to become more sustainable with a purposive and focused opening of the
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goal of sustainable development to increase short-term capital and energy needs.

Cuba is reverting back to industrial farming—now is key to stave off agriculture collapse and transition to a sustainable model 
Patel ’12 ~April 2012. Raj Patel is a Fellow at the Institute for Food and Development Policy. "What Cuba Can Teach Us About Food and Climate Change?" www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/future_tense/2012/04/agro_ecology_lessons_from_cuba_on_agriculture_food_and_climate_change_.single.html~
The Studebakers plying up and down Havana’s boardwalk aren’t the best advertisement for dynamism and
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to the future, even if their automobiles are stuck in the past.

Lifting the embargo creates an influx US capital that props up Cuban farms 
Shkolnick ’12 ~"SIN EMBARGO: n1 THE CUBAN AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION AND WHAT IT MEANS FOR THE UNITED STATES." Jacob Shkolnick, J.D. Candidate, Drake University Law School, 2013. 2012 Drake Journal of Agricultural Law. LexisNexis~
VI. New Opportunities While investment in Cuban businesses and sales or purchases of Cuban
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future, until policies in both the United States and Cuba are changed.

Access to the US market is critical to Cuban sustainable agriculture 
Kost ’ 4~William Kost is an Agricultural Economist with ERS, US Department of Agriculture. "UBAN AGRICULTURE: TO BE OR NOT TO BE ORGANIC?" http://www.ascecuba.org/publications/proceedings/volume14/pdfs/kost.pdf~~
EXTERNAL MARKETS MAY BE CRITICAL FOR AN ORGANIC CUBA In addition to the above European
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and other inputs to support growth in other sectors of the Cuban economy. 

Cuban agriculture spills over globally and promotes sustainable oranoponics
Shkolnick ’12 ~"SIN EMBARGO: n1 THE CUBAN AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION AND WHAT IT MEANS FOR THE UNITED STATES." Jacob Shkolnick, J.D. Candidate, Drake University Law School, 2013. 2012 Drake Journal of Agricultural Law. LexisNexis~
 n167 For a relatively small sum, American investors will get not only the
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may be just what is needed to allow for urban agriculture to flourish.

Adopting the Cuban model is key to global environmental sustainability 
Edward ’11 ~May 2011. Joshua Edward—Masters of City and Metropolitan Planning from the University of  Utah. ""IL FAUT RÉCULER POUR MIEUX SAUTER." (YOU HAVE TO STEP BACK TO JUMP FURTHER): AGRICULTURE, SUSTAINABILITY AND COMMUNITY RESILIENCY IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS." http://content.lib.utah.edu/utils/getfile/collection/etd3/id/600/filename/284.pdf~~
Cuba’s contributions to urban agricultural production warrant specific inclusion, and are well documented in
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nutritional needs of their urban residents without a return to urban agricultural production.

Environmental collapse causes extinction
Erlich and Erlich ’13 ~January 9, 2013. Anne Erlich is a Professor of Biology at Stanford; Paul Erlich is a Senior Research Scientist there. Can a collapse of global civilization be avoided? Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences, Proc. R. Soc. B 2013 280~
But today, for the first time, humanity’s global civilization—the worldwide,
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or that gross domestic product can be disengaged from resource use ~26~ 

Sustainable agriculture is key to shift from fertilizers that exacerbate ocean acidification and climate change
Vuattoux ’12 ~"INTENSIVE VERTICAL URBAN AGRICULTURE: RETHINKING OUR CITIES’ FOOD SUPPLY. MOVING TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT." ROMAIN VUATTOUX—Masters Thesis for Malmo University. Spring 2012. http://muep.mah.se/bitstream/handle/2043/15202/VUATTOUX20R.pdf?sequence=2~~
Closed-loops and import substitution strategies may go a long way in helping achieve
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need agriculture more than ever to produce increasing yields (Foley, 2012).

Ocean Acidification causes Extinction
Craig ’3 (Robin Kundis Craig, Associate Professor of Law, Indiana University School of Law, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155)
Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for conserving marine ecosystems also exist, just as they
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- even if a few fishers go out of business as a result. 

And, warming leads to extinction
Deibel, 2007 (Terry, Professor of National Strategy at the National War College, "Foreign Affairs Strategy: Logic for American Statecraft", pgs. 387-389)
Finally, there is one major existential threat to American security (as well as
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States, but potentially to the continued existence of life on this planet.

Industrial agriculture causes global water shortages
Picone ’2 ~2002. Picone is a Research Scientist at the Land Institute. "Agriculture and Biodiversity Loss: Industrial Agriculture." www.landinstitute.org/pages/Picone20and20Van20Tassel202002.pdf~
Industrial agriculture consumes increasing amounts of freshwater (Figure 3). Humans now consume about
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salmon as well as steelhead and cutthroat trout in the northwestern United States.

Those escalate
Weiner ’90 – Pulitzer Prize winning author (Jonathan, "The Next One Hundred Years", p. 270)
If we do not destroy ourselves with the A-bomb and the H-
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of the 60,000 nuclear warheads the world has stockpiled since Trinity.

Independently, extinction is inevitable in the current agricultural system 
Vuattoux ’12 ~"INTENSIVE VERTICAL URBAN AGRICULTURE: RETHINKING OUR CITIES’ FOOD SUPPLY. MOVING TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT." ROMAIN VUATTOUX—Masters Thesis for Malmo University. Spring 2012. http://muep.mah.se/bitstream/handle/2043/15202/VUATTOUX20R.pdf?sequence=2~~
Our modern "traditional" agricultural system is not sustainable. This system is highly
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is reaching its limits and that there is a need for new solutions. 

Solvency

Normal Trade Relations is vital – no trade occurs without it
French 09 – editor of and a frequent contributor to The Havana Note, has led more than two dozen research trips to Cuba (Anya, "Options for Engagement A Resource Guide for Reforming U.S. Policy toward Cuba" http://www.lexingtoninstitute.org/library/resources/documents/Cuba/USPolicy/options-for-engagement.pdf)
the path to "normal" trade relations If the United States were to lift
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years, as both countries would need to adopt statutory and regulatory changes. 

Cuban economic reforms are inevitable – however, the AFF safeguards against potential economic disaters through the transition
Ashby 13 – Senior Research Fellow at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, he served in the U.S. Commerce Department’s International Trade Administration as Director of the Office of Mexico and the Caribbean and acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of Commerce for the Western Hemisphere(Timothy, "Preserving Stability in Cuba After Normalizing Relations with the United States – The Importance of Trading with State-Owned Enterprises" 3/29/13, Council on Hemispheric Affairs, http://www.coha.org/preserving-stability-in-cuba-timothy-ashby/~~
Cuba under Raúl Castro has entered a new period of economic, social, and
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-way trade must include both Cuba’s private sector as well as SOEs.

Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 5 | Opponent: ICW TS | Judge: Bill Batterman

1ac glenbrooks

1ac plan

Plan: The United States federal government should provide technical assistance to the United Mexican States for the implementation of domestic intellectual property protections modeled after the United States federal government’s implementation of intellectual property law, including but not limited to, the Patent and Trademark Law Amendments Act of 1980

1ac ip leadership

Contention one is ip leadership

Current USTR IP promotion relies on coercive "301 reports"—this prompts international backlash and delegitimizes US efforts
Sutton, ’12 ~May 2nd, 2012, Maria Sutton writes for the Electronic Frontier Federation, "Special 301 Report 2012: The USTR’s Bogus List of Countries That "Don’t Enforce" Copyrights," https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2012/05/special-301-report-2012-ustrs-absurd-list-international-disappointments~~
The Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) released its annual Special
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with Public Knowledge to the USTR this year. It said ~pdf~:

IP enforcement with China is key to maintain and prevent the collapse of relations and war over Taiwan—our internal link is reverse causal
Thomson, ’6 ~September 15th, 2006, Tom Thompson is the Executive Director at the Coalition for Intellectual Property Rights, "U.S. Policy Roadmap: Moving China from a Haven for Pirates to a Country of IPR Stakeholders," http://www.tthomsonassociates.com/2006/09/u-s-policy-roadmap-moving-china-from-a-haven-for-pirates-to-a-country-of-ipr-stakeholders/~~
What are the Consequences to U.S. Policy of not Realizing Improved IPR
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relationship is truly generational and demands a long-term strategic economic engagement."

Bayh Dole is the crucial model—fundamentally changes the perception of our IP programs and restores IP credibility—specifically with China
Espinel, ’7 ~October 18th, 2007, Victoria A. Espinel is an Assistant US Representitive for Intellectual Property and Innovation at the Office of the US Trade Representative, "INTERNATIONAL PIRACY: THE CHALLENGES OF PROTECTING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN THE 21^ST CENTURY", http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-110hhrg38337/html/CHRG-110hhrg38337.htm~~
So I would direct this to Ms. Espinel and to Mr. Smith.
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having a greater stake in the international system for protecting intellectual property.

Only the plan solves—cooperative efforts and an extensive use of "carrots" result in effective adoption by the Chinese Government
Thomson, ’6 ~September 15th, 2006, Tom Thompson is the Executive Director at the Coalition for Intellectual Property Rights, "U.S. Policy Roadmap: Moving China from a Haven for Pirates to a Country of IPR Stakeholders," http://www.tthomsonassociates.com/2006/09/u-s-policy-roadmap-moving-china-from-a-haven-for-pirates-to-a-country-of-ipr-stakeholders/~~
Unlike Russia, the PRC’s actions have appeared to be more forthright than the Russians
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enforcement practices to protect patents, trademarks and copyrights must be in place.

US Mexican IP cooperation gets modeled
Zagaris, ’94 ~1994, Bruce Zagaris, George Washington University, B.A., J.D., LL.M.; adjunct professor, Washington College of Law, American University, and Fordham University School of Law; chair, Committee on International Criminal Law, Section of Criminal Law, American Bar Association, "Enforcement of Intellectual Property Protection Between Mexico and the United States: A Precursor of Criminal Enforcement for Western Hemispheric Integration?," Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal, http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1098andcontext=iplj~~
The increase in trade liberalization and the negotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement
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model for future Western hemispheric, as well as global, economic integration.

Relations solve US-China conflict and arms race
Roy 12 ~November 2012, J. Stapleton Roy is a senior US diplomat specializing in Asian affairs, "DEALING WITH A RISING CHINA," The Wilson Center, November 2012, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/policy_brief_dealing_with_a_rising_china.pdf~~
The Policy Context:  Sustainable U.S. Engagement with East Asia The United
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. This challenge will be the critical test of  leaders in both countries.

Taiwain war goes nuclear
Hunkovic, ’9 ~2009, Lee Hunkovic is a Professor of Military Studies at the American Military University, "The Chinese-Taiwanese Conflict – Possible Futures of a Confrontation between China, Taiwan, and the United States of America" www.lampmethod.com~
A war between China, Taiwan and the United States has the potential to escalate
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outcome, therefore, other countries will not be considered in this study.

1AC Mexico Econ

Contention two is the Mexican Economy
Brain drain collapses Mexico’s economy
Arenas, ’12 ~April 20th, 2012, Gabriel Arenas is a journalist, "Flip Side of Mexican Immigration: Brain Drain," http://cojmc.unl.edu/mosaic/2012/04/20/1642/~~
"The problem is very serious," said Alejandro Diaz-Bautista, an economics
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"Their migration needs to be reversed, or Mexico risks its future."

It’s not getting better—current Mexican economic forecasts are bleak
Rindebro, ’13 ~August 27th, 2013, Ulric Rindebro is a writer at BN Americas, "Market may be overly optimistic on Mexico’s economic recovery potential", http://www.bnamericas.com/news/banking/market-may-be-overly-optimistic-on-mexicos-economic-recovery- unemployed potential-ing~
The market may be overly optimistic on the potential recovery of the Mexican economy in
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results in a sharp increase in the tax burden," ING pointed out.

Only the plan Solves—RandD, Domestic Innovation, Preventing Brain Drain, Technology Transfers, and Job Creation
Schiappacasse 04 ~2004, Mikhaelle Schiappacasse acts for investment funds and their managers on general corporate, regulatory and compliance matters as well as negotiating prime brokerage and derivatives documentation, "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN CHINA: TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT", http://wings.buffalo.edu/law/biplj/biplj224.pdf~~
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN IPRs AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT There is a robust dialogue concerning the effect
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are unlikely to register where there is a high risk of infringement. 29

Mexico’s economy is critical to the US – collapse causes decline of US economy and competitiveness
O’Neal ’13 ~2013, Shannon K. O’Neil is a senior fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) a nonpartisan foreign-policy think tank and membership organization, "Two Nations Indivisible", it’s a book~
The Binational Road Forward. Mexico has come a long way in the last three
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already seen both sides of the border before hitting the showroom down south.

And, the US is key to the global economy
Caploe 9 ~David is the Chief Political Economist at Economy Watch and holds a PhD in International Political Economy from Princeton. April 7, 2009, The Straits Times, "Focus still on America to lead global recovery,"  http://acalaha.com/STarticle07Apr09.pdf~~
IN THE aftermath of the G-20 summit, most observers seem to have
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- has cascaded into the worst global economic crisis since the Great Depression.

And, global economic decline leads to miscalculation – that escalates
Harris and Burrows, ’09 ~Mathew, PhD European History at Cambridge, counselor in the National Intelligence Council (NIC) and Jennifer, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis" http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf~~
Increased Potential for Global Conflict Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.

Growth is inevitable – any attempt at transition is impossible and would lead to war and poverty anyway
Barnhizer 6 — David R. Barnhizer, Emeritus Professor at Cleveland State University’s Cleveland-Marshall College of Law, 2006 ("Waking from Sustainability’s "Impossible Dream": The Decisionmaking Realities of Business and Government," Georgetown International Environmental Law Review (18 Geo. Int’l Envtl. L. Rev. 595), Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Lexis-Nexis)
The scale of social needs, including the need for expanded productive activity, has
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, place economic and social justice high on a list of priorities. n60
The imperative of economic growth applies not only to the needs and expectations of people
AND
how to achieve a static state but how to achieve what is needed to

And, broad studies prove our argument
Royal, ’10 ~2010, Jedediah Royal is the Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, "Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives", ed. By Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215~
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict
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such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views.

And, competitiveness solves Great power war
Baru, ’9 ~March 2009, Sanjaya Barus is visiting Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy in Singapore Geopolitical Implications of the Current Global Financial Crisis, Strategic Analysis, Volume 33, Issue 2 March 2009, pages 163 – 168~
Hence, economic policies and performance do have strategic consequences. In the modern era
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nations to project power by mobilizing and deploying financial resources to that end.

Tournament: Georgetown | Round: 2 | Opponent: Stuyvesant AY | Judge: Matt Speer

1AC – Relations

US Mexico relations are at a pivotal point – failure to ratify the Transboundary Hydrocarbons Agreement erodes trust and collapses relations 
Kerry et al. 12 (JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts, Chairman   BARBARA BOXER, California RICHARD G. LUGAR, Indiana  ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey BOB CORKER, Tennessee  BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho  ROBERT P. CASEY, Jr., Pennsylvania MARCO RUBIO, Florida  JIM WEBB, Virginia JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma  JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire JIM DeMINT, South Carolina  CHRISTOPHER A. COONS, Delaware JOHNNY ISAKSON, Georgia  RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming  TOM UDALL, New Mexico MIKE LEE, Utah  William C. Danvers, Staff Director   Kenneth A. Myers, Jr., Republican Staff Director, "OIL, MEXICO, AND THE AGREEMENT", December 2012, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CPRT-112SPRT77567/html/CPRT-112SPRT77567.htm)
Perhaps the most important U.S.-specific benefits of the TBA are three
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companies could be shut out of certain opportunities until the TBA is ratified. 

Now is the time – investment in oil is vital internal link
Rubenstein 3-14
David Rubenstein, Senior Fellow for Energy and the Environment, March 14, 2013, "U.S. Energy Security: Enhancing Partnerships with Mexico and Canada"
The agreement also comes at a critical time for reform in the Mexican oil industry
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will be noticed, with potentially negative consequences for the broader bilateral relationship.

Relations solve border terrorism 
Storrs 6 (K. Larry Storrs, Specialist in Latin American Affairs, Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division of CRS, 1/18/2006 "Mexico’s Importance and Multiple Relationships with the United States", http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL33244_20060118.pdf)
Sharing a 2,000-mile border and extensive interconnections through the Gulf of
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, and border, terrorism, health, environment, and energy issues.

Poor border security allows terrorists to smuggle and detonate a WMD on US soil
McCaul 12 – JD @ St. Mary’s, former federal prosecutor
(Michael, "A LINE IN THE SAND: COUNTERING CRIME, VIOLENCE AND TERROR AT THE  SOUTHWEST BORDER," UNITED STATES HOUSE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY, Lexis)
Terrorism remains a serious threat to the security of the United States. The Congressional  
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assembled on U.S. soil  into a weapon of mass destruction.

Nuclear war
Ayson 10 - Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington
(Robert, "After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects," Studies in Conflict 26 Terrorism, 33.7, InformaWorld)
But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a
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be admitted that any preemption would probably still meet with a devastating response.

1AC – Spills

Absent the plan, oil spills are inevitable
Gonzalez 26 Iliff 12 (02/15/12 Editor at Mexico Oil 26 Gas, Review Mexico correspondent at Dow Jones Newswires, Correspondent at The Wall Street Journal, "Mexico Oil Watchdog Sounds Alarm" http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204136404577209494033278030.html)
Mexico’s oil regulator is sounding an alarm over plans by the country’s state oil monopoly
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rig scheduled to operate in Cuban waters to assuage concerns by Florida residents.

The plan catalyzes necessary environmental protection in the Gulf
House of Representatives 4/25/13 (United States House of Representatives "U.S. – Mexico Transboundary Hydrocarbon Agreement and Steps Needed for Implementation" April 25, 2013
http://docs.house.gov/meetings/II/II06/20130425/100755/HHRG-113-II06-Wstate-PascualA-20130425.pdf-http://docs.house.gov/meetings/II/II06/20130425/100755/HHRG-113-II06-Wstate-PascualA-20130425.pdf)
We are pleased that the Agreement would advance safety and environmental   protection in the Gulf
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. This is a business friendly arrangement with strong safety   and environmental payoffs.

Regardless of regulations, joint inspections solve
Baker 12 – George is the publisher of Mexico Energy Intelligence. ("Q and A: Is Mexico Prepared for Deepwater Drilling in the Gulf?" Inter-American Dialogue, February 20-24, http://repository.unm.edu/bitstream/handle/1928/20477/Is20Mexico20Prepared20for20Deepwater20Drilling20in20the20Gulf.pdf?sequence=1)
"The serious issues of corporate governance and regulation in the shadow of the Macondo
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safety and occupational safety to be carried out separately, by different teams."

Resiliency does not apply to Gulf Coast ecosystems—another spill will destroy marine biodiversity
Craig 11 (Robin Kundis Craig, Attorneys’ Title Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Environmental Programs, Florida State University College of Law, Tallahassee, Florida, 12/20/11 "Legal Remedies for Deep Marine Oil Spills and Long-Term Ecological Resilience: A Match Made in Hell" http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1906839)
Importantly, however, the second aspect of resilience theory acknowledges that ecosystems can exist
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tourism~ and the environment on which they depend for future generations."16

The Gulf is a key ocean biodiversity hotspot
Brenner 8 – Jorge Brenner, March 14th, 2008, "Guarding the Gulf of Mexico’s valuable resources" www.scidev.net/en/opinions/guarding-the-gulf-of-mexico-s-valuable-resources.html
Rich in biodiversity and habitats  The Gulf of Mexico is rich in biodiversity and unique
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in the North Atlantic that helps to regulate the climate of western Europe.

Extinction
Clark and Downes 6
Dana Clark, Center for International Environmental Law, and David Downes, US Interior Dept. Policy Analysis Senior Trade Advisor, 2006, What price biodiversity?, http://www.ciel.org/Publications/summary.html
Biodiversity is the diversity of life on earth, on which we depend for our
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we lose the opportunity for mental or spiritual rejuvenation through contact with nature.

1AC – PEMEX

Pemex is dying due to decreased production – reforms to spur deep water drilling and private investment is needed to revitalize Pemex
Kerry et al. 12
(JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts, Chairman   BARBARA BOXER, California RICHARD G. LUGAR, Indiana  ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey BOB CORKER, Tennessee  BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho  ROBERT P. CASEY, Jr., Pennsylvania MARCO RUBIO, Florida  JIM WEBB, Virginia JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma  JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire JIM DeMINT, South Carolina  CHRISTOPHER A. COONS, Delaware JOHNNY ISAKSON, Georgia  RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming  TOM UDALL, New Mexico MIKE LEE, Utah  William C. Danvers, Staff Director   Kenneth A. Myers, Jr., Republican Staff Director, "OIL, MEXICO, AND THE AGREEMENT", December 2012, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CPRT-112SPRT77567/html/CPRT-112SPRT77567.htm-http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CPRT-112SPRT77567/html/CPRT-112SPRT77567.htm)
Progress, but can it last? A snapshot of Mexico’s oil sector Mexico has
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poverty alleviation to the rule of law, let alone broader economic growth.

Current reforms are insufficient – International oil companies are deterred and privatization is not happening
Otillar 5-1 Steven Otillar, has been representing clients in the development, finance, acquisition and divestiture of domestic and international energy projects for over 15 years, with a particular emphasis on upstream projects in emerging markets, May 1, 2013, "Outlook for Mexico’s Oil Industry — Opportunities and Obstacles", http://cdn.akingump.com/images/content/2/3/v2/23206/Akin-Otillar.pdf.
The Need for Reform Production from Mexico’s shallow offshore fields, including Cantarell, continues
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the number, type and complexity of projects being pursued in the aggregate.

TBA solves – it allows cooperation that leads to private investment in Mexico, increased production, and broader reforms
Brown and Meacham 6-5 
Neil Brown and Carl Meacham, Brown is non-resident fellow at the German Marshall Fund of the United States. Meacham is director of the Americas Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, June 6, 2013, "Time for US-Mexico Transboundary Agreement", http://thehill.com/opinion/op-ed/303739-time-for-us-mexico-transboundary-agreement-http://thehill.com/opinion/op-ed/303739-time-for-us-mexico-transboundary-agreement.
The United States-Mexico Transboundary Agreement (TBA) would enable cooperation between our
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partners. That is good for Mexico and for the U.S.

And ONLY the TBA can lead to sustained Mexican oil production – solves growth
Kerry et al. 12
(JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts, Chairman   BARBARA BOXER, California RICHARD G. LUGAR, Indiana  ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey BOB CORKER, Tennessee  BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho  ROBERT P. CASEY, Jr., Pennsylvania MARCO RUBIO, Florida  JIM WEBB, Virginia JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma  JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire JIM DeMINT, South Carolina  CHRISTOPHER A. COONS, Delaware JOHNNY ISAKSON, Georgia  RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming  TOM UDALL, New Mexico MIKE LEE, Utah  William C. Danvers, Staff Director   Kenneth A. Myers, Jr., Republican Staff Director, "OIL, MEXICO, AND THE AGREEMENT", December 2012, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CPRT-112SPRT77567/html/CPRT-112SPRT77567.htm)
The centerpiece of the TBA is the mandate to establish so-called ’’unitization’’
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and friendly neighbor, Mexican oil imports support U.S. energy security

And the warrant is reverse casual – oil decline causes Mexican economic collapse
Krauss and Malkin 10 Clifford Kraus and Elisabeth Malkin, Krauss is a national business correspondent based in Houston covering energy for the NYT, Malkin covers environmental and energy news especially for Mexico for the NYT, March 8, 2010, "Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach", http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all26_r=0-http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all26_r=0.
VENUSTIANO CARRANZA, Mexico — To the Mexican people, one of the great achievements
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, Pemex is in a key moment in its history," he said.

Mexico’s economy is critical to the US – collapse causes decline of US economy and competitiveness
O’Neal ’13 ~2013, Shannon K. O’Neil is a senior fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) a nonpartisan foreign-policy think tank and membership organization, "Two Nations Indivisible", it’s a book~
The Binational Road Forward. Mexico has come a long way in the last three
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already seen both sides of the border before hitting the showroom down south.

The US is key to the global economy
Caploe 9 David is the Chief Political Economist at Economy Watch and holds a PhD in International Political Economy from Princeton. April 7, 2009, The Straits Times, "Focus still on America to lead global recovery,"  http://acalaha.com/STarticle07Apr09.pdf
IN THE aftermath of the G-20 summit, most observers seem to have
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- has cascaded into the worst global economic crisis since the Great Depression.

Global economic decline leads to miscalculation – that escalates
Harris and Burrows, ’09 ~Mathew, PhD European History at Cambridge, counselor in the National Intelligence Council (NIC) and Jennifer, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis" http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf-http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf~~
Increased Potential for Global Conflict Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.

Mexican collapse causes U.S. isolationism
Haddick 8 (Robert, Managing Editor, Small Wars Journal, former U.S. Marine Corps officer, advisor for the State Department and the National Intelligence Council on irregular warfare issues, former Director of Research at the Fremont Group, http://westhawk.blogspot.com/2008/12/now-that-would-change-everything.html, MH)
There is one dynamic in the literature of weak and failing states that has received
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Asia. However, there would be no running from a Mexican collapse. 

Hegemony prevents multiple nuclear conflicts
Brooks, Ikenberry, and Wohlforth ’13
(Stephen, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College "Don’t Come Home America: The Case Against Retrenchment," International Security, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Winter 2012/13), pp. 7–51)
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far
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that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85

1AC – Plan

Plan: The United States Federal Government should implement the agreement between the United States and United Mexican States concerning Transboundary Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico

Tournament: ALL | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Debate
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Tournament: Barkley Forum   Emory | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hooch PW | Judge: Tucker Boyce
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