Tournament: - | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
Andrew (2N) - andrewjayhayes@gmail.com
Kristof (2A)- kristof.weakley@gmail.com

Note: I'm much to lazy to update this like Kristof, if you want anything just email me.

Tournament: toc | Round: Quads | Opponent: - | Judge: -
To those interested

The letter we submitted to the Tournament of Champions at-large committee can be found in the open source section.

Upon review of our application the tournament was unable to afford us a slot at the competition and placed our entry behind 15 other teams on the wait-list.

The tournament practices awarding at-large spots based on merit.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marquette | Judge: Tom Woodhead
They destroy in-depth debate on the topic and core ground
Spence, 4
(Center for Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law Stanford University, http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/20741/Spence-_CDDRL_10-4_draf1.pdf)
Comparing American and ....tensions between policy goals.

Tournament: Notre Dame | Round: 5 | Opponent: Carrolton | Judge: Chris Crowe
We advocate the entirety of the affirmative absent their justification of crime. 

The affirmatives notion of crime creates a category of judgement which concretizes power relations through justifications of moral authority
Tombs 2006 ( Beyond Criminology : Taking Harm Seriously)
In the absence of any intrinsic quality of an event or incident to differentiate them
AND
Foucault. 1980a: Cohen. 1981; Garland. 1992.1997).

This notion of liberal legalism underpins unending liberal violence
Dossa ‘99
Shiraz, Department of Political Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, “Liberal Legalism: Law, Culture and Identity,” The European Legacy, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 73-87,1

No discipline in the rationalized arsenal of modernity is as rational, impartial, objective
AND
liberal law but the juridically and humanly inferior Other, the perpetual foreigner.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marquette | Judge: Tom Woodhead
The affirmatives search for appollion control not only fails but makes us hate ourselves – the result is a permenant state of instability and turns the case
Der Derian 98 (James, Prof of PoliSci at the U of Massachusetts, "The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard," Cianet, http://www.ciaonet.org/book/lipschutz/lipschutz12.html)
Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's …recycling the desire for security. 

Their value judgement isn’t neutral – it makes violence inevitable
Rasch 03 (William, Professor of Germanic Studies at Indiana University, “Human Rights as Geopolitics: Carl Schmitt and the Legal Form of American Supremacy”, Cultured Critique, pg. 54)
"To preach and announce the …. with a dialectical necessity the subhuman as its enemy twin.9 

changes
Typically something related to reject aff  - embrace vulnerability
Nietzsche 1882 (The Gay Science, Kaufmann translation. TL)
 One thing is needful.- To "give style"… having to endure his ugly

Tournament: Notre Dame | Round: 4 | Opponent: Bishop Guertin MS | Judge: Gino Velto
2nc solves nano

solves nano
Dexter Johnson 3 Apr 2012 Does Lifecycle Analysis Make Sense for Nanotechnology?
Last week, at the International Symposium... other attempts at measuring its impact). 

2nc solves manufacturing

yes solvency advocate
Quantis 2010 (http://www.quantis-intl.com/life_cycle_assessment.php)
Life cycle assessment can be employed ... possible substitution of harmful substances.

2nc at fails 

Compartively the best model
Schenck 9- Institute for Environmental Research and Education American Center for Life Cycle Assessment (Rita, February 22nd, “The Business Case for Life Cycle Assessment in US Policy and Legislation” http://lcacenter.org/Data/Sites/1/SharedFiles/whitepapers/thebusinesscaseforlca.pdf)
But carbon credits are ...social benefits at lower environmental and economic costs.

LCA is key in environmental policymaking – all studies go our way
Schenck, 9- Institute for Environmental Research and Education American Center for Life Cycle Assessment (Rita, February 22nd, “The Business Case for Life Cycle Assessment in US Policy and Legislation” http://lcacenter.org/Data/Sites/1/SharedFiles/whitepapers/thebusinesscaseforlca.pdf)//ahayes
Life cycle assessment is the … opportunities require legislative support and relate to international trade.

2nc at perm do cp

First is Should
Summers ‘94 (Justice – Oklahoma Supreme Court, “Kelsey v. Dollarsaver Food Warehouse of Durant”, 1994 OK 123, 11-8, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287#marker3fn13)
The legal question to be resolved by ... in the future (in futurol). See Van Wyck v. Knevals, 106 U.S. 360, 365, 1 S.Ct. 336, 337, 27 L.Ed. 201 (1882).

Resolved
Austin, 11 – Writer at English Language and Usage (Vichina, Why is “resolved” used ahead of a question in a debate title, instead of saying “the Subject, topic” or alike? http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/8608/why-is-resolved-used-ahead-of-a-question-in-a-debate-title-instead-of-saying)//ahayes
The word resolved stated ... violates the word resolved.

More ev
Merriam-Webster’s, 11 (“Resolved,” http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/resolved)Red
5: to reach a firm decision ... resolve disputed points in a text

Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 2 | Opponent: Wayzata NG | Judge: Stephanie Garrett
Ableism is the foundation of oppression – reject them
Siebers, University of Michigan, Professor of Literary and Cultural Criticism, 9
(Tobin, “The Aesthetics of Human Disqualification”, Oct 28, Lecture, http://www.google.com/url?sa=tandrct=jandq=andesrc=sandsource=webandcd=1andved=0CCoQFjAAandurl=http3A2F2Fdisabilities.temple.edu2Fmedia2Fds2Flecture20091028siebersAesthetics_FULL.docandei=LWz4T6jyN8bHqAHLkY2LCQandusg=AFQjCNGdkDuSJkRXMHgbXqvuyyeDpldVcQandsig2=UCGDC4tHbeh2j7-Yce9lsA, accessed 7/7/12, sl)

Oppression is the systematic victimization... frontier of justifiable human inferiority.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: Finals | Opponent: College Prep JH | Judge:
Counterplan solves – undermines the credibility of the list
CDA 13 – Center for Democracy in the Americas, research group on US/Cuban policy (“LA Times: Political Calculus Keeps Cuba on U.S. List of Terror Sponsors”, CDA, 5/3/13, http://www.democracyinamericas.org/blog-post/la-times-political-calculus-keeps-cuba-on-u-s-list-of-terror-sponsors/) EO
Carol J. Williams, Los Angeles Times – Cuba’s communist leadership was quick to
AND
policy of isolating Cuba “that has manifestly failed for nearly 50 years.”¶ 

Removing cuba from the list jumpstarts relations
PAUL HAVEN May 1, 2013 7:40 PM US keeps Cuba on state sponsors of terrorism list Associated Press By http://news.yahoo.com/us-keeps-cuba-state-sponsors-terrorism-list-203504903.html
HAVANA (AP) — A State Department spokesman said Wednesday that Washington has no
AND
that there are no plans to alter Cuba's status in the near future.

Relations fuel the war on drugs
Lee, 9 – authority on international crime and narcotics and nuclear security issues, PhD from Stanford, senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, performed overseas contract assignments for the State Department, the Department of Energy, the World Bank, the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy and other agencies (Rensselaer, “Cuba, Drugs, and U.S.-Cuban Relations,” Testimony before the House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs, 29 April 2005, https://www.fpri.org/docs/alt/testimony.20090429.lee_.cubadrugs.pdf)//BI
Now on the foreign policy front: looking back in time, narcotics-trafficking
AND
the best interests of the United States and other countries in the hemisphere.

This enables widespread oppression and legitimizes state control
Fukumi, 8 (Sayaka, PhD student in International Relations at the University of Nottingham, Cocaine Trafficking in Latin America, Ashgate Publishing Company, pg. 106-108, Tashma)
The United States considers cocaine trafficking as a national security threat. This is because
AND
Latin America has been making co-operation with other states more difficult.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: Finals | Opponent: College Prep JH | Judge:
Counterplan solves – undermines the credibility of the list
CDA 13 – Center for Democracy in the Americas, research group on US/Cuban policy (“LA Times: Political Calculus Keeps Cuba on U.S. List of Terror Sponsors”, CDA, 5/3/13, http://www.democracyinamericas.org/blog-post/la-times-political-calculus-keeps-cuba-on-u-s-list-of-terror-sponsors/) EO
Carol J. Williams, Los Angeles Times – Cuba’s communist leadership was quick to
AND
policy of isolating Cuba “that has manifestly failed for nearly 50 years.”¶ 

Removing cuba from the list jumpstarts relations
PAUL HAVEN May 1, 2013 7:40 PM US keeps Cuba on state sponsors of terrorism list Associated Press By http://news.yahoo.com/us-keeps-cuba-state-sponsors-terrorism-list-203504903.html
HAVANA (AP) — A State Department spokesman said Wednesday that Washington has no
AND
that there are no plans to alter Cuba's status in the near future.

Relations fuel the war on drugs
Lee, 9 – authority on international crime and narcotics and nuclear security issues, PhD from Stanford, senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, performed overseas contract assignments for the State Department, the Department of Energy, the World Bank, the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy and other agencies (Rensselaer, “Cuba, Drugs, and U.S.-Cuban Relations,” Testimony before the House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs, 29 April 2005, https://www.fpri.org/docs/alt/testimony.20090429.lee_.cubadrugs.pdf)//BI
Now on the foreign policy front: looking back in time, narcotics-trafficking
AND
the best interests of the United States and other countries in the hemisphere.

This enables widespread oppression and legitimizes state control
Fukumi, 8 (Sayaka, PhD student in International Relations at the University of Nottingham, Cocaine Trafficking in Latin America, Ashgate Publishing Company, pg. 106-108, Tashma)
The United States considers cocaine trafficking as a national security threat. This is because
AND
Latin America has been making co-operation with other states more difficult.

Tournament: LCC | Round: Semis | Opponent: Nevada Union CH | Judge: Kaiser, Williamson, Saipramouk
Since World War I, violence has been normalized by the globalization of the state of exception when the law justifies its own suspension, transforming itself into a killing machine, and ushering in global civil war.  Return to the legal normal authorizes such violent international aggression
Agamben, 5. Giorgio Agamben, famous philosopher, The State of Exception, pg. 85 *modified for ableist language
It is perhaps possible at this point ... West toward global civil war.

Refuse attempts to reform the legal system and doom it to its own nihilistic destruction—we must refuse all conceptual apparatuses of capture
Prozorov, 10 Sergei Prozorov, professor of political and economic studies at the University of Helsinki, “Why Giorgio Agamben is an optimist,” Philosophy Social Criticism 2010 36: pg. 1065*modified for ableist language
In a later work, Agamben generalizes ...that we address in the following section.¶ 

The impact is the sovereign’s ability to exploit fundamental flaws in the legal system and continue the global biopolitical war—the ballot should side with the global countermovement against such violence
Gulli, 13  Bruno Gulli, professor of history, philosophy, and political science at Kingsborough College in New York, “For the critique of sovereignty and violence,” http://academia.edu/2527260/For_the_Critique_of_Sovereignty_and_Violence, pg. 1
We live in an unprecedented time of crisis...violence and police brutality¶

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Rowland Hall WR | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Misty Tippets, Jane Delgaldillo
Rules l/t slave morality
Christa Davis Acampora 2, Professor of Philosophy at Hunter College of the City University of New York, Fall 2002, “Of Dangerous Games and Dastardly Deeds,” International Studies in Philosophy, Vol. 34, No. 3
The agonistic game is ... the cowardly and barbarous.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 4 | Opponent: Northwood SW | Judge: Zach Leoni
Relations are high – plans being implemented now
Jacobson 6/18 – Assistant Secretary Of State For Western Hemisphere Affairs (Roberta S, “State’s Jacobson at Senate Hearing on U.S.-Mexico Partnership,” 6/18/13, U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Before Foreign Relations Committee Western Hemisphere Subcommittee, http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/texttrans/2013/06/20130618276661.html#axzz2XAL8c3nZ)//SJF

When President Obama met with …. facilitating a robust regional electricity market.

Several barriers prevent sustainable development
Garrison 10 – Environment and Climate Change Consultant for the United States Agency for International Development (John L, “Clean Energy and Climate Change Opportunities Assessment for USAID/Mexico,” USAID, 4/30/10, http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADS950.pdf)//SJF

Low Energy Rates Based on … Baja California limit the types of wind turbines available for such high wind conditions.

at relations
The relationship’s been rebalanced --- now focused on energy
LaFranchi 5-2 (Howard, Staff Writer – CSM, “Why Obama won't talk so much about drug war on Mexico trip (+video)”, Christian Science Monitor, 2013, http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Foreign-Policy/2013/0502/Why-Obama-won-t-talk-so-much-about-drug-war-on-Mexico-trip-video, Deech)
President Obama travels to Mexico… jobs and economic opportunity on both sides of the border.”

No impact to heg decline – empirics
Walt 11 – professor international affairs at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. Dude, it’s Stephen Walt (Stephen M., “Rethinking Retrenchment: Can the United States do Less and Do Better?”, 7/8/11, Foreign Policy, http://walt.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/07/08/rethinking_retrenchment)//Beddow
If you're intrigued by these…nearly as fast as it should have. 

No border terror --- it’s hype, status quo solves, they come legally or through Canada
McCombs 11 (Brady, Correspondent – Arizona Daily Star, Citing Edward Alden, Senior Fellow – Council on Foreign Relations, “Border seen as unlikely terrorist crossing point”, Arizona Daily Star, 6-7, http://azstarnet.com/news/local/border/border-seen-as-unlikely-terrorist-crossing-point/article_ed932aa2-9d2a-54f1-b930-85f5d4cce9a8.html, Deech)

A turning political tide has …the Center for International Policy, in a recent report. 

Biological terrorism won’t happen and even if it does the impact would be extremely small
Mueller 5 (John, Professor of political science at Ohio State University, “Simplicity and Spook: Terrorism and the Dynamics of Threat Exaggeration,” International Studies Perspectives, 6, 208-234; Kristof)
Properly developed and deployed, … Broad and Miller, 1998; Easterbrook, 2002).
 

Grid stretched thin
Smith, 2/26 (Rebecca, 2/26/2013, “California Girds for Electricity Woes; Increased Reliance on Wind, Solar Power Means Power Production Fluctuates,” http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323699704578328581251122150.html)

SAN FRANCISCO—California is …far out, we wouldn't be here."
Renewable development now, but speeding border transmission causes bottlenecks – kills transmission capabilities and triggers widespread vulnerability
RELA 10 (Renewable Energy Latin America, “Mexico – Wind: US outsourcing renewable generation to the south?” 6/5/10, http://latamrenewables.com/2010/06/05/mexico-wind-us-outsourcing-renewable-generation-to-the-south/)//SJF

The US-Mexico border is becoming …
Oaxaca last November.
Blackouts risks nuclear meltdowns
Cappiello, 11 (3/29/2011, Dina, “AP IMPACT: Long blackouts pose risk to US reactors,” http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2011/mar/29/ap-impact-long-blackouts-pose-risk-to-us-reactors/)

WASHINGTON — It's a nightmarish … are designed for four-hour blackouts. 

squo solves
Carus,1ac author, 2013 - UK journalist, regularly reporting on clean energy policy and finance from California for a global audience
(Felicity, “Mexico offers tantalising prospect of a dawning major market,” http://www.pv-tech.org/editors_blog/mexico_offers_tantalising_prospect_of_a_dawning_major_market)//Holmes
Since 2006, Mexico has been a very …capacity to 250MW by 2015.

market forces solve the aff
Carus,1ac author, 2013 - UK journalist, regularly reporting on clean energy policy and finance from California for a global audience
(Felicity, “Mexico offers tantalising prospect of a dawning major market,” http://www.pv-tech.org/editors_blog/mexico_offers_tantalising_prospect_of_a_dawning_major_market)//Holmes
"Within two and a half years at most…. production going as well as ramp up.

Tournament: ASU | Round: 6 | Opponent: Green Valley BH | Judge: Max Bugrov
Lol yes, 1 card 2NR 

The unconditional affirmation of life is a makes us slaves, shackled to the tautological cycle of positivity that proliferates society without the possibility of a meaningful death.
Baudrillard 2002 (Jean, “The Spirit of Terrorism: Hypotheses on Terrorism”, Verso 2002, translated by Chris Turner, pp. 68-70)
All the same, we should try to get… occupy the position of master.

Tournament: LCC | Round: 5 | Opponent: Damien LR | Judge: Katrina Kaiser
Unipolarity causes proliferation and destroys influence—only disengagement solves
Monteiro 12 (Nuno P.-assistant professor of political science at Yale.; “Unrest Assured: Why Unipolarity is Not Peaceful”pg. 38-40; http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/ISEC_a_00064, JJ)
From the perspective of the overall ...unequaled self-restraint.

Erased from the history of hegemony is its resurgence through the neoliberal shock treatment in Chile which eliminated the people’s culture, freedom and livelihood to set up an authoritarian regime willing to reduce their country to a lab for the Chicago Boys. In the wake of the US defeat in Vietnam and the subsequent stagnation of growth, the US turned to the neoimperialism of neoliberal reforms abroad and at home to secure its future. These reforms served to roll back all protections in place which insulated the poor from the worst excesses of capitalism. Neoliberalism relies on the creation of crises, bubbles and eventually collapses; neoliberalism is predicated on imperialism, colonialism, classism and racism. We must retell the story of hegemony to include those discontinuities which are buried by the official history of liberal hegemony. The 1NC is a counter memory, a form of guerilla epistemology which reveals the river of blood that runs through all impoverished areas of the world to feed the greed and megalomania of hegemony and neoliberalism.
Barder, 13
/Alexander D., Department of Political Studies and Public Administration, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, PhD in Political Theory from John Hopkins, “American Hegemony Comes Home: The Chilean  Laboratory and the  Neoliberalization of the United States” Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 2013 38: 103 originally published online 22 April 2013, DOI: 10.1177/0304375413486331/
As I argued above, American liberal ... normalized and legitimized.

Their understanding of death destroys the possibility of making it meaningful
Baudrillard 2002 (Jean, “The Spirit of Terrorism: Hypotheses on Terrorism”, Verso 2002, translated by Chris Turner, pp. 68-70)
All the same, we should try to get ... position of master.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: 3 | Opponent: Bingham NW | Judge: Dillon Olson
It is a moment of interest convergence between the Affirmative and the judge – This rhetorical alliance with alterity is a technology of political demand that repeats the strategic attitude of the system it seeks to overturn – The guilty solidarity of the 1AC masks the privilege that prevents the AFF project from directly changing the lives of the people they invoke to warrant a ballot.
Chow – Andrew W. Mellon Professor of the Humanities @ Brown - 1993
(Rey, Writing Diaspora: Tactics of Intervention in Contemporary Cultural Studies, p. 16-17)*modified for ableist language 

Why are "tactics" useful at this…. less than in the academic sense?

It is a form of self-subalternization, where the judge is encouraged to found solidarity with the Affirmative Other by valorizing suffering portrayed in the 1AC – However, their rhetorical strategy amounts to nothing more than a sham renunciation authorized by the same structures of power that produce alterity in the first place, turning the case at a higher level of analysis.
Chow – Andrew W. Mellon Professor of the Humanities @ Brown - 1993
(Rey, Writing Diaspora: Tactics of Intervention in Contemporary Cultural Studies, p. 10-11) 

The Orientalist has a special …power that enables her rhetoric.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marquette | Judge: Tom Woodhead
Obama’s political capital is key to immigration reform – it’ll get passed now
Reid J. Epstein Politico Obama’s latest push features a familiar strategy 10/17 09:18 PM EDT http://dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=00B694F1-5D59-4D13-B6D1-FC437A465923 ajh
President Barack Obama made his plans for his …And I think that it would win significant Republican votes.”

LINK

Plan drains capital
Sullivan ‘13
Specialist in Latin American Affairs (Mark P., 01/10, “Venezuela: Issues for Congress,” http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R40938.pdf)
U.S. Policy The United States …antiterrorism efforts.

K2 econ
Farrell 12/13/12 (Chris, a contributing editor for Bloomberg Businessweek. From 1986-97, he was on the magazine's staff, as a corporate finance staff and department editor and then as an economics editor. Farrell wrote Right on the Money: Taking Control of Your Personal Finances and Deflation: What Happens When Prices Fall? Among Farrell's many awards are a National Magazine Award, two Loeb Awards, and the Edward R. Murrow Award. Farrell is a graduate of the London School of Economics and Stanford University. “Obama’s Next Act: Immigration Reform” http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-12-13/obamas-next-act-immigration-reform)
Washington won’t get much of a reprieve … that’s economically efficient.

Global war
O’Hanlon 12 Kenneth G. Lieberthal, Director of the John L. Thornton China Center and Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy and Global Economy and Development at the Brookings Institution, former Professor at the University of Michigan “The Real National Security Threat: America's Debt,” Los Angeles Times, July 10th, http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2012/07/10-economy-foreign-policy-lieberthal-ohanlon
Alas, globalization and automation trends … foreign policy is not reestablished.

2nc agency 

Illegal immigrants are subjected to virtual slavery
White 9 journalist specializing in liberal politics Deborah, "Illegal Immigration Explained - Profits and Poverty, Social Security and Starvation" http://usliberals.about.com/od/immigration/a/IllegalImmi.htm
A major economic drawback, … 1,000 percent in some places."

2nc uq 

Obama’s pushing CIR now -~-- makes passage likely
Stokols, 10/17
Eli Stokols, political reporter for Fox News – "the face of political journalism on local TV news" in Denver; “ANALYSIS: Obama’s quick pivot to immigration reform,” 10/17/2013, http://kdvr.com/2013/10/17/analysis-obamas-quick-pivot-to-immigration-reform)//bghs-ms

On Thursday morning, Obama looked …Democrats on comprehensive immigration reform.

2nc link

Engagement with Latin America’s a fight in congress
Meyer and Sullivan ‘12
Peter J. Meyer - Analyst in Latin American Affairs and Mark P. Sullivan - Specialist in Latin American Affairs, “U.S. Foreign Assistance to Latin America and the Caribbean: Recent Trends and FY2013 Appropriations”, June 26th, 2012, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R42582.pdf
At this juncture it ... political, and security interests. 

Congress perceives Venezuela as security threat
Boothroyd 12 Rachel, “Republicans Vow to Halt ‘Policy of Appeasement’ in Venezuela”, http://venezuelanalysis.com/news/7283
With the presidential elections … evidence in support of these accusations.

GOP hates the plan
Ros-Lehtinen 13
Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Florida Republican, is chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa. “ROS-LEHTINEN: Venezuela after Chavez: What comes next?”, March 14th, 2013, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/mar/14/venezuela-after-chavez-what-comes-next/
Last year, it was reported that … a lap dog for Cuba’s Castro brothers.

2nc – a2 link uq

No US-Venezuela engagement – America’s staying out of the transition
Fox News 5-5
“Obama Says The U.S. Will Not Get Tangled In Venezuela's Politics”, May 5th, 2013, http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/05/05/obama-says-us-will-not-get-tangled-in-venezuela-politics/
President Barack Obama said…s in legitimate elections.

Tournament: LCC | Round: Quarters | Opponent: University SS | Judge: Dan Perderamo, Nate Wong, Chris Thiele
The least wealthy residents of the country are mandated to pay for the aff without adequate representation
Halpern 13 (Alberto Tomas Halpern;  October 16, 2013; “El Paso’s international bridges: Lack of federal investment leaves locals to support international trade and security”; http://newspapertree.com/articles/2013/10/16/el-pasos-international-bridges-lack-of-federal-investment-leaves-locals-to-support-international-trade-and-security; kdub)
A federal responsibility paid ... we were dealt,” O’Rourke said.

Moral side constraint
Petro, Wake Forest Professor in Toledo Law Review, 1974
(Sylvester, Spring, page 480)

However, one may still insist, ... and resisted with undying spirit.

Tournament: LCC | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lowell CV | Judge: Nate Wong
Mexican geography is the intersection of US neoliberal and security practices – border policing is the North’s attempt to secure the harms of economic expansion and development, perpetuating militarism and widespread social injustice in the global South
Coleman, 5 (Matt Coleman – Department of Geography, UCLA, “U.S. statecraft and the U.S.–Mexico border as security/economy nexus”, Political Geography) Mike
Although not denying the symbolic ...borders and tough¶ immigration legislation.

The impact is unending warfare waged against hostile “others”
Coleman, 5 (Matt Coleman – Department of Geography, UCLA, “U.S. statecraft and the U.S.–Mexico border as security/economy nexus”, Political Geography) Mike
Importantly, the border as security/economy ...borders and tough¶ immigration legislation.

The alternative is to deterritorialize the 1AC through a historical and critical lens – rather than objectively approaching their threat discourse, we choose more diverse forms of analysis
Krause and Williams 97 (Keith Krause, professor of political science at the Graduate Institute on International and Development Studies, Michael C Williams, professor of international relations at the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, “From Strategy to Security: Foundations of Critical Security Studies,” chapter 2 of Critical Security Studies, p 49-50)
The challenges to the conventional ... of timeless structures.56

2nc 

Geopower is the case impacts inevitable
Tuathail 96Gearoid Professor, Government and International Afffairs, School of Public and International Affairs, Virginia Tech Critical Geopolitics: the politics of writing global space Page/s 1-2 GooglePrint
Geography is about power. Although often ... dynamic of contemporary global politics.

2nc fw 

Reps shape policy
Jones, Jones, and Woods, 04 (Martin Jones* - PhD in Human Geography from the University of Manchester, Rhys Jones; Professor of Human Geography at the University
of Wales Aberystwyth - Professor in Human Geography @ the University¶ of Wales Aberystwyth, Michael Woods* - PhD in Human Geography from Bristol University; Professor of Human Geography and Director of the Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences @ the University¶ of Wales Aberystwyth, 2004, “AN INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY Space, place and politics”, http://118.97.161.124/perpus-fkip/Perpustakaan/Geography/Geografi20manusia/Pengantar20Geografi20Politik.pdf) MD
The third element that helps to ... on 11 September 2001 (see Box 3.5).

Policy focus is arbitrary and begs the question of whether or not policies are effective means of changing the world, creating a self-serving and insular academic integrity that changes nothing
Allen, ’11 professor of sociology at Manchester Metropolitan University, Dialogues in Human Geography, “Against dialogue: Why being critical means taking sides rather than learning how to play the ‘policy research’ game,” 1(2) 223–227)CC
The problem with the
AND
in explaining the differences in our position here.

Tournament: ASU | Round: 4 | Opponent: Brophy SM | Judge: Sukhi Gulati
The affirmatives conceptualization of colonial difference relies on a construct of the colonialized subject in relation to the decolonialized one – good and bad, right and wrong their binary construction attempts to render ourselves into the subject position of the oppressed, to transform and demarcate ourselves against coloniality – this move not only fails but results in a inauthentic subject which resists its own transformation replicating western domination
Su, 13 California State University, Fullerton, Political Science (Joel, Ressentiment From Decoloniality, 9 May, 2013)
Examination of the colonial difference …. might always have to reconsider the validity of their beliefs. 

This outweighs and  turns the case – their politics leads to perpetual passivity
Deleuze 1983 Giles, NandP
We must not be deceived by the …. a hostile world' (GMI 10 pp. 36- needs, to set the other up as evil from the outset.

The alternative is to reject the affirmative in favor of a joyful affirmation of the self - only in this way may we overcome the problems of the affirmatives politics
Deleuze 1983 Giles, NandP
Here are the two formulae: "I am ….the power of ressentiment.

Tournament: ASU | Round: 4 | Opponent: Brophy SM | Judge: Sukhi Gulati
Shell v1 

We affirm a universal resistance to neoliberalism. 

The state will adopt and coopt their political strategy – to be universal is to provide no footing for the state, creating transformative politics
Dixit and Nalebuff 1993 (Avinash, John F. Sherrard University Professor of Economics at Princeton and Barry, Professor of economics and management at the yale school of organization and management. "Thinking Stategically")
After the first four races in the …. in the merits of their course.

The affirmatives notion of the ‘best proximate cause’ of neoliberalism localizes resistance, preventing any true revolution
Jacques Derrida, Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass. London: Routledge, 1966 pp 278-294
In order to follow this movement …the origin of th

Shell v2 (brophy) 

 Having a fixed starting point limits free play necessary to challenge the status quo – the aff results in constricted half-measures and violence
Jacques Derrida, Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass. London: Routledge, 1966 pp 278-294
It would be easy enough to show …, or conscience, God, man, and so forth.

The reason we move from one oppressive system to another is by hiding the hole at the heart of the system – refusing a center is necessary for radical transformation
Zizek 1993 (Slavoj, Tarrying with the Negative, pg 1-2  )
The most sublime image that …., contingent character. 1
e prohibition of incest.

2NC Cards

Aff = violence
SBAE 2011 Derrida: Structure Sign and Play in the Discourse of Human Sciences
This leads Derrida to his theory …acentric structure must be avoided”.

The prisoner’s dilemma – the state will adapt and follow your politics. It is worthless to challenge the state in a race to control – they have the lead and will copy our strategies before they can become successful. Their political strategy is doomed to failure.
Dixit and Nalebuff 1993 (Avinash, John F. Sherrard University Professor of Economics at Princeton and Barry, Professor of economics and management at the yale school of organization and management. "Thinking Stategically")

After the first four races in the 1983 America’s Cup final ….believe in the merits of their course.

We solve – antithesizes the center
SBAE 2011 Derrida: Structure Sign and Play in the Discourse of Human Sciences
Derrida argues that this centre t… the determination of Being as Presence”.

2NC Perm 

Violates resolved
Rhymezone, 2008 http://www.rhymezone.com/r/rhyme.cgi?Word=resolve
Definitions of resolve:    …clearly visible

Fairness – plan gets rolled back
Justia, 1 (US Supreme Court Center, “Clarity in Criminal Statutes: The Void-for-Vagueness Doctrine,” http://supreme.justia.com/constitution/amendment-14/54-void-for-vagueness-doctrine.html, KENTUCKY)
For instance, the Court voided …the rules to govern conduct.986

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: Octas | Opponent: San Diegiuto | Judge: Ward, Frazer, Clark
Our pedagogical model is comparatively better – leads to the best forms of education and portable skills
by Kris Shaffer Scholarship is, by its nature, open source 2013 http://www.hybridpedagogy.com/Journal/files/Open_Source_Scholarship.htm

. Let me explain. The open-source (or “free” or
AND
community, we have a useful model in the open-source movement.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: Octas | Opponent: San Diegiuto | Judge: Ward, Frazer, Clark
Our pedagogical model is comparatively better – leads to the best forms of education and portable skills
by Kris Shaffer Scholarship is, by its nature, open source 2013 http://www.hybridpedagogy.com/Journal/files/Open_Source_Scholarship.htm

. Let me explain. The open-source (or “free” or
AND
community, we have a useful model in the open-source movement.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Semis | Opponent: Rowland Hall GK | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Kinsee Gaither, Khalid Sharif
Second is dialogic clarity – your education is meaningless if we have nothing to say
Gerald Graff, University of Englishand Education, University of Illinois at Chicago, Clueless in Academe: How Schooling Obscures The Life of The Mind, ‘3, p. 11-12
But an even more … life of the mind.

Third is ideological coalitions – you prevent self-reflexive politics
Torvalds and Diamond ‘1
Linus (Creator of Linux) and David (freelance contributor to the New York Times and Business Week); “Why Open Source Makes Sense”; Educause Review; November/December; p. 71-2 nick
It's the best illustration of the limitless benefits … that has no, er, peer.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Semis | Opponent: Rowland Hall GK | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Kinsee Gaither, Khalid Sharif
Second is dialogic clarity – your education is meaningless if we have nothing to say
Gerald Graff, University of Englishand Education, University of Illinois at Chicago, Clueless in Academe: How Schooling Obscures The Life of The Mind, ‘3, p. 11-12
But an even more … life of the mind.

Third is ideological coalitions – you prevent self-reflexive politics
Torvalds and Diamond ‘1
Linus (Creator of Linux) and David (freelance contributor to the New York Times and Business Week); “Why Open Source Makes Sense”; Educause Review; November/December; p. 71-2 nick
It's the best illustration of the limitless benefits … that has no, er, peer.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Semis | Opponent: Rowland Hall GK | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Kinsee Gaither, Khalid Sharif
Second is dialogic clarity – your education is meaningless if we have nothing to say
Gerald Graff, University of Englishand Education, University of Illinois at Chicago, Clueless in Academe: How Schooling Obscures The Life of The Mind, ‘3, p. 11-12
But an even more … life of the mind.

Third is ideological coalitions – you prevent self-reflexive politics
Torvalds and Diamond ‘1
Linus (Creator of Linux) and David (freelance contributor to the New York Times and Business Week); “Why Open Source Makes Sense”; Educause Review; November/December; p. 71-2 nick
It's the best illustration of the limitless benefits … that has no, er, peer.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Semis | Opponent: Rowland Hall GK | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Kinsee Gaither, Khalid Sharif
(I give anyone permission to flick my ear next time you see me for reading this - but just once i got sensitive ears)

The affirmative must exclusively defend a world in which a topical plan is hypothetically enacted
Ericson ‘3 (Jon, Dean Emeritus, College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)

The Proposition of Policy: Urging … for an audience to perform the future action that you propose.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Semis | Opponent: Rowland Hall GK | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Kinsee Gaither, Khalid Sharif
The affirmative must exclusively defend a world in which a topical plan is hypothetically enacted
Ericson ‘3 (Jon, Dean Emeritus, College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)

The Proposition of Policy: Urging … for an audience to perform the future action that you propose.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Semis | Opponent: Rowland Hall GK | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Kinsee Gaither, Khalid Sharif
The affirmative must exclusively defend a world in which a topical plan is hypothetically enacted
Ericson ‘3 (Jon, Dean Emeritus, College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)

The Proposition of Policy: Urging … for an audience to perform the future action that you propose.

Tournament: ASU | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Damien LR | Judge: Nisar Patel, Rohit Rajan, Brian Brantley
ERROR

Tournament: Notre Dame | Round: 2 | Opponent: Damien MR | Judge: Leandra Lopez
1NC 

Plan text varies, its typically just like “use the LCA to oversee aff” 

LCA is key to efficient policy actions in trade and economic engagement– current process are inefficient
Schenck, 9 - Institute for Environmental Research and Education American Center for Life Cycle Assessment (Rita, February 22nd, “The Business Case for Life Cycle Assessment in US Policy and Legislation” http://lcacenter.org/Data/Sites/1/SharedFiles/whitepapers/thebusinesscaseforlca.pdf)//ahayes
The reason for this trend is clear… those that currently exist.

This solves the aff and is uniquely key to environmental leadership
Schenck, 10 - American Center for Life Cycle Assessment Institute for Environmental Research and Education (Rita C., “A Roadmap to Environmental Product Declarations in the United States” June 2010, http://lcacenter.org/pdf/Roadmap-to-EPDs-in-the-USA.pdf)//ahayes

Environmental Product Declarations … that needs to be done includes.
 

Extinction
Harris, 1 - Lecturer at Lignan University, Associate Fellow – Oxford Center for Environment, Ethics, and Society at Mansfield College, Oxford University,  (Paul G., The Environment, International Relations, and U.S. Foreign Policy, p. 241-242)
In addition to promoting U.S. global ….to make a Kantian argument65). 

2nc solves nano

solves nano
Dexter Johnson 3 Apr 2012 Does Lifecycle Analysis Make Sense for Nanotechnology?
Last week, at the International Symposium... other attempts at measuring its impact). 

2nc solves manufacturing

yes solvency advocate
Quantis 2010 (http://www.quantis-intl.com/life_cycle_assessment.php)
Life cycle assessment can be employed ... possible substitution of harmful substances.

2nc at fails 

Compartively the best model
Schenck 9- Institute for Environmental Research and Education American Center for Life Cycle Assessment (Rita, February 22nd, “The Business Case for Life Cycle Assessment in US Policy and Legislation” http://lcacenter.org/Data/Sites/1/SharedFiles/whitepapers/thebusinesscaseforlca.pdf)
But carbon credits are ...social benefits at lower environmental and economic costs.

LCA is key in environmental policymaking – all studies go our way
Schenck, 9- Institute for Environmental Research and Education American Center for Life Cycle Assessment (Rita, February 22nd, “The Business Case for Life Cycle Assessment in US Policy and Legislation” http://lcacenter.org/Data/Sites/1/SharedFiles/whitepapers/thebusinesscaseforlca.pdf)//ahayes
Life cycle assessment is the … opportunities require legislative support and relate to international trade.

2nc at perm do cp

First is Should
Summers ‘94 (Justice – Oklahoma Supreme Court, “Kelsey v. Dollarsaver Food Warehouse of Durant”, 1994 OK 123, 11-8, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287#marker3fn13)
The legal question to be resolved by ... in the future (in futurol). See Van Wyck v. Knevals, 106 U.S. 360, 365, 1 S.Ct. 336, 337, 27 L.Ed. 201 (1882).

Resolved
Austin, 11 – Writer at English Language and Usage (Vichina, Why is “resolved” used ahead of a question in a debate title, instead of saying “the Subject, topic” or alike? http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/8608/why-is-resolved-used-ahead-of-a-question-in-a-debate-title-instead-of-saying)//ahayes
The word resolved stated ... violates the word resolved.

More ev
Merriam-Webster’s, 11 (“Resolved,” http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/resolved)Red
5: to reach a firm decision ... resolve disputed points in a text

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 6 | Opponent: Bakersfield BL | Judge: Teja Vepa
The ecological crunch is coming but its reversible
Martin 13 PhD at Oxford, Honorary DSc by Warwick University, British Information Technology consultant and author, a Pulitzer prize winner (James, Transcribed from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3nRI65GGdQ)ahayes
Humanity is drifting into …would do something about it. 

Aff is inherently anti-authoritarian
Giddings 90 http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/larry-w-giddings-why-anti-authoritarian
Since his imprisonment, …the environment is a primary step in creating this world.
That prevents a transition to eco-authoritarianism – solves extinction
Beeson 10 Mark Professor and Head of the Department of Political Science and International Studies, University of Birmingham, 2010, “The coming of environmental authoritarianism,” Environmental Politics, Vol. 19, No. 2
The environment has … an age of diminished expectations.

Only authoritarianism solves
Beeson 10 Mark Professor and Head of the Department of Political Science and International Studies, University of Birmingham, 2010, “The coming of environmental authoritarianism,” Environmental Politics, Vol. 19, No. 2
Yet, whatever we may think … (Homer-Dixon 1991, p. 79).

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: Quarters | Opponent: La Costa Canyon GY | Judge: Richard Mancuso, Lani Frazer, Forrest Fulgenzi
Multilateralism fails
Harvey, 4 – University Research Professor of International Relations, professor in the Department of Political Science, and the director of the Centre for Foreign Policy Studies at Dalhousie University (Frank, Smoke And Mirrors: Globalized Terrorism And The Illusion Of Multilateral Security, p. 43-45)  MS

The typical argument favouring multilateralism is a simple one, sum- marized by Ramesh
AND
threats virtually guarantees that similar conflicts will plague multilateral institutions in the future.

Current non-proliferation efforts prove multilateralism can’t solve prolif
Harvey, 4 – University Research Professor of International Relations, professor in the Department of Political Science, and the director of the Centre for Foreign Policy Studies at Dalhousie University (Frank, Smoke And Mirrors: Globalized Terrorism And The Illusion Of Multilateral Security, p. 142-143)  MS

The Myth of Multilateral Alternatives to BMD To make a much stronger case for the
AND
arms control and disarmament community can't quite grasp how perfectly rational it is.

Sustainable multilateralism is structurally impossible
Held et al, 13 – Master of University College and Professor of Politics and International Relations, at the University of Durham, and Director of Polity Press and General Editor of Global Policy (David, “Gridlock: the growing breakdown of global cooperation,” ProQuest, 5/24/2013, http://search.proquest.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/docview/1355105016)  MS

Economic and political shifts in large part attributable to the successes of the post-
AND
they now block and inhibit problem solving and reform at the global level.

There is no trust or international acceptance
Hughes, 13 – Professor of Comparative Politics, Convenor of the MSc Comparative Politics (Conflict Studies), and Director of the Conflict Research Group at the Department of Government at LSE, one of the largest political science departments in the UK (James, “Russia and the Secession of Kosovo: Power, Norms and the Failure of Multilateralism,” Europe-Asia Studies, 6/6/2013, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09668136.2013.792448)  MS

Theoretical debates about multilateralism positively juxtapose it to unilateralism or bilateralism, because it is
AND
as reflecting the anarchic and destabilising world order which led to that conflagration. 

No one signs on to multilateralism
Tanner, 2k – Deputy Director of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (Fred, “Conflict prevention and conflict resolution: limits of multilateralism,” ICRC, 3/9/2000, http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/misc/57jqq2.htm)  MS

The spread and global importance of internal conflicts in the 1990s, together with the
AND
these entities and their ability and willingness to engage in multilateral preventive action.

Tournament: Notre Dame | Round: 4 | Opponent: Bishop Guertin MS | Judge: Gino Velto
Nanotechnology is not inevitable
Jones, 02 – senior associate at Foresight Nanotech Institute (Tanya, “Foresight Update 49” Foresight Institute, http://www.foresight.org/Updates/Update49/Update49.2.html)//VP
Neil Jacobstein spoke on combating anti-technology memes in the fresh light of his
AND
, anti-technology memes might be countered or diffused in reasoned debate.

Nanotech is bad-

1) extinction
Snyder, 10 – Stanford University School of Medicine Professor (Michael, “Mind Control? Scientists Have Discovered How To Use Nanoparticles To Remotely Control Behavior!”, July 12, Inteldaily; http://inteldaily.com/2010/07/mind-control-scientists-have-discovered-how-to-use-nanoparticles-to-remotely-control-behavior/)//VP
Are we moving into a time when the extraordinary advances that have been made in
AND
behavior. Think of what just one terrorist could do with such technology. 

2) Grey goo = extinction
Keiper 3 Adam Keiper, managing editor of The New Atlantis, “The Nanotechnology Revolution” The New Atlantis July 1 2003cc
The health and environmental threats posed by mainstream nanotech are far less frightening than the
AND
single replicating assembler of the wrong kind be loosed on an unprepared world.

3) Nanotechnology would facilitate bio-terrorism – weapons would be easier to conceal
CRN, 08 – non-profit research and advocacy think tank concerned with the major societal and environmental implications of advanced nanotechnology and a modern, networked, virtual organization -- with no "brick and mortar" -- a collection of more than 100 volunteers, over 1000 interested followers, and a small team of primary coordinators with no direct affiliation to any government, business, or academic organization (“Dangers of Molecular Manufacturing”, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, 2008, http://www.crnano.org/dangers.htm#terrorists)//EX

Criminals and terrorists with stronger, more powerful, and much more compact devices could
AND
them would almost certainly be intrusive enough to violate current human rights standards.

A bioweapons attack threatens human survival
Carpenter and Bishop 2009 (P. A., P. C.,  July 10, Graduate Program in Studies of the Future, School of Human Sciences and Humanities, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX, USA, Graduate Program in Futures Studies, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. A review of previous mass extinctions and historic catastrophic events, ScienceDirect)
The flu of 1890, 1918–1919 Spanish flu, 1957 Asian flu,
AND
to have developed an antibiotic-resistant strain of the plague 26.

4) Nanotech severely destabilizes international security, increasing the severity and magnitude of global wars - no risk of offense
Treder 2008 Mike Treder, executive director of Center for Responsible Nanotechnology and BS in Biology from University of Washington, and Chris Pheonix, Director of Research at CRN and studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years, MS in computer science from Stanford, "Nanotechnology: Dangers of Molecular Manufacturing," Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, last updated 7 February 2008, http://www.crnano.org/dangers.htm//cc
New products and lifestyles may cause significant social disruption. For example, medical devices
AND
groups self-sufficient, it can encourage the breakup of existing nations.  

5) Nanotech development increases nuclear proliferation – countries would want to defend themselves from nanotechnic aggression
Gubrud, 97 - Superconductivity Researcher (Mark Avrum, “Nanotechnology and International Security” Foresight Nanotech Institute, http://www.foresight.org/Conferences/MNT05/Papers/Gubrud/)//VP
An increase of nuclear arsenals, deployment in more secure, covert basing modes,
AND
balance of terror," but note that a balance is not necessarily stable.
Proliferation causes extinction – our card assumes your defense
Kroenig, 12 , Matthew, Assistant Professor of Government, Georgetown University and Stanton Nuclear Security Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations, May 26th “The History of Proliferation Optimism: Does It Have A Future?”  http://www.npolicy.org/article.php?aid=1182andtid=30)
 Proliferation Optimism: Proliferation optimism was revived in the academy in Kenneth Waltz’s 1979
AND
that a future Middle East crisis could result in a devastating nuclear exchange.

Tournament: ASU | Round: 1 | Opponent: River Valley DJ | Judge: Jackson Challinor
Squo solves – work plan to regulate the nanotech industry is already in place
White House 12 – Executive Office of the President of the United States
(“United States – Mexico High-Level Regulatory Cooperation Council Work Plan”, 2/28/2012, http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/oira/irc/united-states-mexico-high-level-regulatory-cooperation-council-work-plan.pdf)//BD
Nanotechnology The fourth item on… food or agriculture (by February 2013). 

Low industry involvement means Latin American nanotech fails
Kay et al 09 School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology; Shapira- Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Manchester Business School, University of Manchester (Luciano, Philip, “Developing nanotechnology in Latin America”, 02/11/2009, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2988220/#__ffn_sectitle//VS)
Our findings suggest policy…r nanotechnology domains.

Tech leadership is a constant process of hierarchical enemy creation because the US will always struggle to maintain itself at any cost
Cunningham 13 (Finian Cunningham, expert in international affairs specializing in the Middle East, former journalist expelled from Bahrain due to his revealing of human rights violations committed by the Western-backed regime, basically a badass, 3-11-13, “US Creates Nuclear Armed Cyber-attack Retaliation Force. Psychotic Superpower on a Hair Trigger,” http://nsnbc.me/2013/03/11/us-creates-nuclear-armed-cyberattack-retaliation-force-psychotic-superpower-on-a-hair-trigger/) gz
Since at least World War II, the genocidal propensity …. The US is at war – against the entire world.

Federoff is a hack
Pamela Drew August 25, 2008. http://pameladrew.newsvine.com/_news/2008/08/25/1778758-will-nytimes-science-stoop-to-propaganda
It's almost like the problem you have when a lie compounds, … be a book if we detailed them all.

Nanotech is funded under the Fiscal Year 2013 budget
Roco, 12 – American Society of Mechanical Engineers (M.C., “National Nanotechnology Investment in the FY 2013 Budget”, 8/19, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.http://www.aaas.org/spp/rd/rdreport2013/13pch23.pdf)//VP
The FY 2013 President’s … available on http://www.wtec.org/nano2/). 

3) Squo solves- NNI already have a nanotechnology initiative to solve the aff
Roco, 12 – American Society of Mechanical Engineers (M.C., “National Nanotechnology Investment in the FY 2013 Budget”, 8/19, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.http://www.aaas.org/spp/rd/rdreport2013/13pch23.pdf)//VP
Three NNI Signature Initiatives4 (a) … network (university-based  infrastructure).

4) Squo solves – U.S. and Mexico are cooperating on regulations now
HLRCC 12 (High-Level Regulatory Cooperation Council, Executive Office of the President of the United States, “UNITED STATES-MEXICO HIGH-LEVEL REGULATORY COOPERATION COUNCIL WORK PLAN,” 02/28/2012, http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/oira/irc/united-states-mexico-high-level-regulatory-cooperation-council-work-plan.pdf, AC)

The fourth item on the HLRCC Work …, labor, food or ¶ agriculture (by February 2013).¶ 

5) US SandT leadership high now – trends prove
Hummel et al 12 – Hummel - Ph.D in Mathematics, Chief Scientist at Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, former project manager at DARPA. Cheetham – Research Associate for Academic Centers and Programs at the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, research and analytical support to policy development projects for DOD (Robert Hummel, Patrick Cheetham, Justin Rossi, “US Science and Technology Leadership, and Technology Grand Challenges,” Synesis, 2012, http://www.synesisjournal.com/vol3_g/Hummel_2012_G14-39.pdf)//RH
The US enjoys a science … maintains a leadership position for now.

Tournament: LCC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Irvine CH | Judge: Rajan, Romin
Preemption creates a policing of events – this simulation of responding to threats closes off political spaces and justifies destruction of the other
Bishop, 9 - Professor at the National University of Singapore (Ryan, “Baudrillard Now: Baudrillard, Death and Cold War Theory”, 2009, RW)
The raw power of the integral ...bloody and intractable conflict in Iraq.

Tournament: LCC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Irvine CH | Judge: Rajan, Romin
Preemption creates a policing of events – this simulation of responding to threats closes off political spaces and justifies destruction of the other
Bishop, 9 - Professor at the National University of Singapore (Ryan, “Baudrillard Now: Baudrillard, Death and Cold War Theory”, 2009, RW)
The raw power of the integral ...bloody and intractable conflict in Iraq.

Tournament: LCC | Round: Quarters | Opponent: University SS | Judge: Dan Perderamo, Nate Wong, Chris Thiele
Mexican geography is the intersection of US neoliberal and security practices – border policing is the North’s attempt to secure the harms of economic expansion and development, perpetuating militarism and widespread social injustice in the global South ====
Coleman, 5 (Matt Coleman – Department of Geography, UCLA, "U.S. statecraft and the U.S.–Mexico border as security/economy nexus", Political Geography) Mike
Although not denying the symbolic importance …geoeconomic policies in the region¶ rather than their intended coherences.

This manifests itself in a drive for certainty which causes endless violence====
Burke, 7 (Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of New South Wales at Sydney, Anthony, Johns Hopkins University Press, Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason, Project Muse)
This essay develops a theory about the ..non-violent global rule of the political.

Vote neg to overdetermine the ontological by exposing the contradictions of imperial knowledge production – this dissident act fractures hegemonic thought====
Spanos 8 (William Spanos, professor of English and comparative literature at Binghamton University, 2008, "American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization: The Specter of Vietnam," pp 27-30)
On the other hand, I do not want to suggest … in the name of the Pax Romana.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: 5 | Opponent: Rowland Hall SF | Judge: Jamie Cheek
Mexico violates human rights
HRW 2013 http://www.hrw.org/americas/mexico
Mexican Mexico security forces … by military personnel continue to be prosecuted in military courts.

Shun them—that’s an a priori concern
Beversluis, 89 (Eric H. April 1989. “On Shunning Undesirable Regimes: Ethics and Economic Sanctions.” Public Affairs Quarterly, April, vol. 3, no. 2)
A fundamental task of morality … communities might have put it. 

That outweighs
Callahan 73 – Co-Founder and former director of The Hastings Institute, PhD in philosophy from Harvard University (Daniel, “The Tyranny of Survival”, p 91-93)
The value of survival could not be so …they succeeded in not doing so.

2NC (surprisingly we've extended this) 

Citizens are under a prima facie obligation to reject support for regimes that violate human rights
Filice, 90 (Carlo, Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the State University of New York, Geneseo, Human Rights Quarterly, August, Vol. 12, No. 3. pp. 397-414, “On the Obligation to Keep Informed about Distant Atrocities,” JStor)

The attempt by lndonesia to "pacify" …e occurring within their country's sphere of influence.

Deontological principles of rights should be considered first – other interpretations are assigned no moral value
Freeman 94 – Avalon Professor in the Humanities at the University of Pennsylvania, Ph.D. Harvard University, J.D. University of North Carolina (Samuel, “Utilitarianism, Deontology, and the Priority of Right,” Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 23, No. 4, Autumn, pp. 313-349, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2265463) The priority of right asserts …

Tournament: Bingham | Round: 1 | Opponent: Skyview KF | Judge: Mario Feola
A. Interpretation - Engagement is the attempt to influence the political behavior of a state by increasing contacts with that state – economic engagement means using exclusively economic contacts like trade, loans and grants
Resnik, 1 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yeshiva University (Evan, Journal of International Affairs, “Defining Engagement” v54, n2, political science complete)

A REFINED DEFINITION OF …. types of positive sanctions. 

we also read that jaiskate card or whatever, if you really were interested

 B. Violation – Marijuana ain’t exclusively economic

C. Voting issue –  

1. Limits – they explode the topic – blurring the lines between economic and other forms of engagement makes any positive interaction with another country topical.  It’s impossible to predict or prepare 

 2. Neg ground – the economic limit is vital to critiques of economics, trade disads, and non-economic counterplans 

3.  Precision – it’s key to effective policy analysis 

Resnik, 1 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yeshiva University (Evan, Journal of International Affairs, “Defining Engagement” v54, n2, political science complete)  
In matters of national security, … of the 21st century.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: 1 | Opponent: Skyview KF | Judge: Mario Feola
A. Interpretation - Engagement is the attempt to influence the political behavior of a state by increasing contacts with that state – economic engagement means using exclusively economic contacts like trade, loans and grants
Resnik, 1 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yeshiva University (Evan, Journal of International Affairs, “Defining Engagement” v54, n2, political science complete)

A REFINED DEFINITION OF …. types of positive sanctions. 

we also read that jaiskate card or whatever, if you really were interested

 B. Violation – Marijuana ain’t exclusively economic

C. Voting issue –  

1. Limits – they explode the topic – blurring the lines between economic and other forms of engagement makes any positive interaction with another country topical.  It’s impossible to predict or prepare 

 2. Neg ground – the economic limit is vital to critiques of economics, trade disads, and non-economic counterplans 

3.  Precision – it’s key to effective policy analysis 

Resnik, 1 – Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yeshiva University (Evan, Journal of International Affairs, “Defining Engagement” v54, n2, political science complete)  
In matters of national security, … of the 21st century.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marquette | Judge: Tom Woodhead
Credits expand foreign aid and avoid corruption and bureaucracy
 Werker, 7
 (Professor-Harvard Business School, 10/20,  
 While foreign aid … with American workers. 

2nc – at sd 

No solvency deficit—empirics prove back channels in the squo
 Spence, 4
 (Center for Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law Stanford University,  
 Moreover, the agency’s … support rarely came. 

Comparitively the counterplan is best
 Mercer, 5
 Contributor-Antiwar.com,  
 Consequently, private charities … as they are unethical.

No expertise inefficiency
 Cohen, 9
 (New America Foundation,  
 The capacities of … of technical staff. 

2nc at pdb 

 The plan deters giving
 Desai, 10
 (Nonresident Senior Fellow at the Wolfensohn Center for Development at the Brookings Institution, and Associate Professor of International Development in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, 42 N.Y.U. J. Intand#39;l L. and#38; Pol. 1111, Summer) 

 The public economics … crowding-out effect.

Tournament: Notre Dame | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Damien LL | Judge: Lopez, Ideen, Stevenson
advocate aff absent tech justifications 

Control is bad
Peat 8 – theoretical physicist, Ph.D., founder of the Pari Centre for New Learning
(F. David, “Gentle Action: Surviving Chaos and Change”,http://www.gentleaction.org/library/paper2.php, dml)
Many rapid changes ... to each new situation.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: Finals | Opponent: College Prep JH | Judge:
Terrorisms real and coming – ensures extinction
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin ‘12 doctor of technical sciences, professor, and senior fellow at the Center for International Security of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  The Center participates in the working group of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, 9/21/12, "What Can Destroy Strategic Stability: Nuclear Terrorism is a Real Threat," belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22333/what_can_destroy_strategic_stability.html
Hundreds of scientific papers and reports have been published on nuclear terrorism. International conferences
AND
a common understanding of these threats and develop a strategy to combat them.

A violent war on terror is the only way to solve—nonviolent solutions empirically fail
Hanson 10—Senior Fellow, Hoover. Former visiting prof, classics, Stanford. PhD in classics, Stanford (Victor Davis, The Tragic Truth of War, 19 February 2010, http://www.victorhanson.com/articles/hanson021910.html)
Victory has usually been defined throughout the ages as forcing the enemy to accept certain
AND
, and tragically always will — until the nature of man himself changes.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: Finals | Opponent: College Prep JH | Judge:
Terrorisms real and coming – ensures extinction
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin ‘12 doctor of technical sciences, professor, and senior fellow at the Center for International Security of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  The Center participates in the working group of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, 9/21/12, "What Can Destroy Strategic Stability: Nuclear Terrorism is a Real Threat," belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22333/what_can_destroy_strategic_stability.html
Hundreds of scientific papers and reports have been published on nuclear terrorism. International conferences
AND
a common understanding of these threats and develop a strategy to combat them.

A violent war on terror is the only way to solve—nonviolent solutions empirically fail
Hanson 10—Senior Fellow, Hoover. Former visiting prof, classics, Stanford. PhD in classics, Stanford (Victor Davis, The Tragic Truth of War, 19 February 2010, http://www.victorhanson.com/articles/hanson021910.html)
Victory has usually been defined throughout the ages as forcing the enemy to accept certain
AND
, and tragically always will — until the nature of man himself changes.

Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marquette | Judge: Tom Woodhead
Magnitude outweighs probability
Sandberg, Matheny and Cirkovic, 8—Anders Sandberg, James Martin Research Fellow at the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University, postdoctoral research assistant for the EU Enhance project; Jason G. Matheny, PhD candidate in Health Policy and Management at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, special consultant to the Center for Biosecurity at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and co-founder of New Harvest, and Milan M. ?irkovi?, senior research associate at the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade, assistant professor of physics at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia and Montenegro; “How Can We Reduce the Risk of Human Extinction” http://thebulletin.org/web-edition/features/how-can-we-reduce-the-risk-of-human-extinction SAS
The facts are sobering. More than …reduce the risk of catastrophic accidents.

Yes war – multiple warrants
Mearsheimer, Distinguished Professor of Political Science,
(John Mearsheimer, “Is Major War Obsolete?” 1999, http://www.ciaonet.org/conf/cfr10/index.html)
A second reason that… going to produce peace, do you?

Prefer util
Cummiskey 90 – Professor of Philosophy, Bates (David, Kantian Consequentialism, Ethics 100.3, p 601-2, p 606, jstor, AG)
We must not obscure the issue …concerns do not have overriding importance.

USAID democracy work undermines local ownership—kills effectiveness
Carothers, 9
(October, Carnegie Endowment VP for Studies, Democracy and Rule of Law Program and Carnegie Europe Director, "Revitalizing Democracy Assistance: The Challenge of USAID," http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=viewandid=24047)
A second key problem for … and the requirement remains in place.
Aff reifies imperialism
Bayat, Professor of Sociology and Middle Eastern studies – U Illinois, ‘9
(Asef, Life as politics: how ordinary people change the Middle East, p. 2-7)
¶ Given these constraints, an alternative … of June 12, 2009) pushing for democratic reform.

Imperialism ensures extinction
Santos, LA editor and writer, 7/31/’6
(Juan, “Apocalypse No!” http://www.energybulletin.net/node/18788)
It's simple. And obvious. We find …Anti-Christ - a permanent new Reich. Their other option is Armageddon.

Tournament: Bingham | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Rowland Hall WR | Judge: Jackson Challinor, Misty Tippets, Jane Delgaldillo
:40 Use of the term ‘we’ paves the way for government intervention into individual lives and the debate space – this form of politicization in debate causes tyrannical rule and coercion, crushing the possibility for participatory democracy
Roger Kerr, Executive Director of the New Zealand Business Roundtable, ‘3 (“The 'We' Word: And the Tyranny of the Majority” http://www.cis.org.au/policy/summer03-04/polsumm0304-4.htm)

Of all such terms, 'we' is... an Orwellian world at worst.