Tournament: Contact Info | Round: Quads | Opponent: Contact Info | Judge: Contact Info
Neg - priya.3397@gmail.com

Aff - mili.raina@gmail.com

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 2 | Opponent: Atholton SA | Judge: Jacob Hurwitz
The counterplan solves the whole aff and avoids the link to politics
Gary 13 (Ian Gary is the Senior Policy Manager for Extractive Industries at Oxfam America and the author of Oxfam America’s report and#34;Ghana’s Big Test: Oil’s Challenge to Democratic Development.and#34;April 9th, 2013, http://politicsofpoverty.oxfamamerica.org/author/ian-gary/~~23sthash.F7Bnwsac.dpuf)//moxley
We do have a big problem with an irrelevant provision inserted into the bill designed
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cares more about Gulf of Mexico access than the proposed Section 1504 exemption.

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Hooch CM | Judge: Margaret Sites
Trade and resources prove – China’s taking over
Chen and Chen 13 Xiangming Chen has since 2007 been the founding Dean and Director of the Center for Urban and Global Studies and Paul Raether Distinguished Professor of Global Urban Studies and Sociology at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut and Distinguished Guest Professor in the School of Social Development and Public Policy at Fudan University in Shanghai, China. He has published extensively on urbanization in and globalization of China. His most recent book is Introduction to Cities: How Place and Space Shape Human Experience (with Anthony Orum and Krista Paulsen, Wiley-Blackwell, 2012). Kayla Chen is currently an intern at VOX Global, a public affairs and strategic communications consulting firm headquartered in Washington DC. She graduated from Colby College in 2012 with a BA in Global Studies with concentrations in Latin America and Development Policy, and a minor in East Asian Studies. “China And Latin America: Connected And Competing – Analysis” http://www.eurasiareview.com/17062013-china-and-latin-america-connected-and-competing-analysis/ JuneBMitch

The rise of China has stolen more headlines than any other global issue these days
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as the “soft power” on the peaceful rise that it claims.

Increase in US influence in Latin America directly trades off with Chinese influence
Ellis 12
Dr. R. Evan Ellis is a professor of national security studies, modeling, gaming, and simulation with the Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies, with a research focus on Latin America’s relationships with external actors, including China, Russia, and Iran. holds a Ph.D. in political science with a specialization in comparative politics. May 2012- The Inter-American Dialogue - “The United States, ¶ Latin America and China: ¶ A “Triangular Relationship”?” http://www.thedialogue.org/PublicationFiles/IAD8661_China_Triangular0424v2e-may.pdf

At the political level, US engagement with Latin American ¶ countries has impacted the
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blocked it from acquiring a comparable ¶ aircraft from the Czech Republic.30

China’s influence in Latin America is key to their soft power
Malik 06 – PhD in International Relations (Mohan, "China's Growing Involvement in Latin America," 6/12, http://uyghuramerican.org/old/articles/300/1/info@uyghuramerican.org)

China's forays into Latin America are part of its grand strategy to acquire "comprehensive
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trade agreements), and mutual security pacts, intelligence cooperation and arms sales. 

Chinese international influence is an existential impact – it controls every scenario for extinction
Zhang 2012 (Prof of Diplomacy and IR at the Geneva School of Diplomacy. “The Rise of China’s Political Softpower” 9/4/12 http://www.china.org.cn/opinion/2012-09/04/content_26421330.htm)

As China plays an increasingly significant role in the world, its soft power must
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As the China model improves, it will continue to surprise the world.

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Detroit Community School | Judge: Weil, Bancroft, Brown
Aff’s Shakur iconography gets coopted – Kills solvency
James 99 Joy James Shadowboxing: Representations of Black Feminist Politics 1999 Presidential Professor of the Humanities and a professor in political science at Williams College Pg. Xiii

Chapter 4, "Radicalizing Feminisms from The Movement' Era." reviews the emergence and
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opposition, it promotes the disappearance of black female agency in political struggles.

Tournament: AAA - Contact Info | Round: Quads | Opponent: Contact Info | Judge: Contact Info
Neg - priya.3397@gmail.com
Aff - mili.raina@gmail.com

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Detroit Community School | Judge: Weil, Bancroft, Brown
You need to stop using derogatory language it is never emancipatory but retrenches police oppression and aggression which obliterates your argument
Martinot and Sexton 03 – *prof at San Francisco State UniversityPhD in ethnic studies from UC Berkeley, Director, African American Studies at UC Irvine (Steve and Jared, “The Avant-garde of white supremacy,” http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~marto/avantguard.htm//MGD)
Spectacle is a form of camouflage. It does not conceal anything; it simply
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The derogatory term occupies the very center of the structure of white supremacy.

Tournament: Samford | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westminster CK | Judge: Malia Zhan
The plan is a perilous mirage – trade would allow unfair production and severe market distortions - That wrecks US ag and manufacturing
Suchlicki 07 – (Jaime Suchlicki, Founding Director of the Cuba Transition Project at the Univeristy of Miami and Director of the Institute for Cuban and Cuban-American Studies, “Implications of Lifting the U.S. Embargo and Travel Ban of Cuba “Testimony at the U.S. Senate Finance Committee Washington, D.C. December 11, 2007” http://www.finance.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/121107testjs.pdf~BCai
¶ Trade  No foreign trade that is independent from the state is permitted in Cuba
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to become an important client like China, Russia, or even Vietnam. 

Strong manufacturing prevents extinction
O’Hanlon et al 12 (Mackenzie Eaglen, American Enterprise Institute Rebecca Grant, IRIS Research Robert P. Haffa, Haffa Defense Consulting Michael O'Hanlon, The Brookings Institution Peter W. Singer, The Brookings Institution Martin Sullivan, Commonwealth Consulting Barry Watts, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments “The Arsenal of Democracy and How to Preserve It: Key Issues in Defense Industrial Policy January 2012,” pg online @ http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2012/1/2620defense20industrial20base/0126_defense_industrial_base_ohanlon um-ef) *Not Cut
The current wave of defense cuts is also different than past defense budget reductions in
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civilian and military export opportunities for the United States in a globalized marketplace.

US ag prevents global food wars.
Klare 12 Michael, Professor of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College, As Food Prices Rise, Dangers of Social Unrest Seem Imminent, August 9, http://highbrowmagazine.com/1459-food-prices-rise-dangers-potential-social-unrest-seem-imminent *Not Cut
The Great Drought of 2012 has yet to come to an end, but we
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droughts, recurring food shortages, and billions of famished, desperate people.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 5 | Opponent: St Vincent de Paul GG | Judge: Akash Gogate
The resolution indicates affs should advocate topical government change
Ericson 3 (Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)
The Proposition of Policy: Urging Future Action In policy propositions, each topic contains
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compelling reasons for an audience to perform the future action that you propose. 

First, a limited topic of discussion that provides for equitable ground is key to productive inculcation of decision-making and advocacy skills —-we do NOT force them back in the closet—-this still provides room for flexibility, creativity, and innovation, but targets the discussion
Steinberg 26 Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp45-
Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference of
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particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion.

Key to social improvements in every and all facets of life and turns the case
Steinberg 26 Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp9-10
If we assume it to be possible without recourse to violence to reach agreement on
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in our intelligent self-interest to reach these decisions through reasoned debate.

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Detroit Community School | Judge: Weil, Bancroft, Brown
The alt is IDENTITY but not POLITICS---failure to envision a future in which their identity claims will no longer be needed results in a reactionary politics that entrenches the status quo
Bhambra 10—U Warwick—AND—Victoria Margree—School of Humanities, U Brighton (Identity Politics and the Need for a ‘Tomorrow’, http://www.academia.edu/471824/Identity_Politics_and_the_Need_for_a_Tomorrow_)
The quotation with which this article begins comes from the end of the novel where
AND
reactionary politics aimed at recrimination, instead of action to redress the injustice. 

Our intention in the present article is to situate ourselves within this debate about the
AND
Satya Mohanty, and com-munities and knowledge by Lynn Hankinson Nelson.

Multiple statistical measures prove a trend towards equality---this isn’t to say that everything is OK, but that falsifiable claims matter for assessing impacts AND that engagement can be effective  
Currie 8
http://www.american.com/archive/2008/november-11-08/the-long-march-of-racial-progress/
Duncan Currie is managing editor of THE AMERICAN.    Speechwriter and Policy Advisor in U.S. Senate Washington D.C. Metro Area | Government Administration Current: Speechwriter and Policy Advisor, Office of Senator John Cornyn at United States Senate Past: Editorial Director at The George W. Bush Institute, Deputy Managing Editor at National Review, Managing Editor at The American Enterprise Institu... Education: Harvard University

Measuring racial progress is all about perspective. Since Appomattox, the struggle for racial
AND
, about 14 percent of young black husbands were married to white women.”

No social death – history proves
Vincent Brown, Prof. of History and African and African-American Studies @ Harvard Univ., December 2009, "Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery," American Historical Review, p. 1231-1249

THE PREMISE OF ORLANDO PATTERSON’S MAJOR WORK, that enslaved Africans were natally alienated and
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social personhood, or identity, and of resistance to slavery itself. 35
Scholars of slave resistance have never had much use for the concept of social death
AND
had arrived in the Americas bearing much more than their “tropical temperament.”
The cultural continuity and resistance schools of thought come together pow- erfully in an
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of becoming ‘African American’ in culture, orientation, and identity.”40

The invocation of social death as ontologically inevitable inscribes a pessimism towards politics which makes agency impossible and oversimplifies the history of resistance
Vincent Brown, Prof. of History and African and African-American Studies @ Harvard Univ., December 2009, "Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery," American Historical Review, p. 1231-1249

Specters of the Atlantic is a compellingly sophisticated study of the relation be- tween
AND
of conflict in which the enslaved sometimes won small but important victories.11
Specters of the Atlantic is self-consciously a work of theory (despite Baucom’s
AND
might be more helpful to focus on what the enslaved actually made of their
situation.
Among the most insightful texts to explore the experiential meaning of Afro- Atlantic slavery
AND
the promise and the problem with the concept are most fully apparent.16
Both authors seek a deeper understanding of the experience of enslavement and its consequences for
AND
to accept dis- possession as the basis of black self-definition.
Such a judgment is warranted, in Hartman’s account, by the implications of social
AND
still leaves its traces in how black people imagine and speak of home:
We never tire of dreaming of a place that we can call home, a
AND
and of being an extraneous element is at the heart of slavery.20
“We may have forgotten our country,” Hartman writes, “but we haven’t forgotten our dispossession.”21
Like Baucom, Hartman sees the history of slavery as a constituent part of a
AND
a racial calculus and a political arithmetic that were entrenched centuries ago.”22
A professor of English and comparative literature, Hartman is in many respects in a
AND
with the lives undone and obliterated in the making of human commodities.”23
It is this mournful quality of Lose Your Mother that elevates it above so many
AND
actually generate culture, politics, and consequential action by the enslaved.26
This limitation is particularly evident in a stunning chapter that Hartman calls “The Dead
AND
do, anyway? The women danced and sang as she lay dying.”
Hartman ends her odyssey among the Gwolu, descendants of peoples who fled the slave
AND
cries intoned in the past by slaves who managed to find themselves.27
Saltwater Slavery has much in common with Lose Your Mother. Smallwood’s study of the
AND
of social death for the enslaved even more closely than Hartman does.29
Like Hartman, Smallwood sees social death as a by-product of commodification.
AND
, hunger, health, fellowship, sex, death, and time.
If social death did not define the slaves’ condition, it did frame their vision
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That is precisely what the women on the Hudibras fought to accomplish.31

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Niles West DS | Judge: Stephen Weil
The United States federal government should establish a presidential Cut-to-Invest Commission. The Cut-To-Invest Commission should recommend infrastructure assistance to Mexico as part of its first proposal. The Executive Branch of the United States federal government should provide the commission with all necessary resources to promote its recommendations.
The CP solves—it establishes a commission that proposes funding towards infrastructure as part of a single package with matching budgetary cuts and reforms—that ensures sustainable investment in the aff while avoiding the backlash to the plan
Weinstein, ’12 November 2012, Paul Weinstein, is director of the Graduate Program in Public Management at Johns Hopkins University and worked for eight years in the Clinton White House, first as Special Assistant to the President and Chief of Staff of the Domestic Policy Council, and later as Senior Adviser for Policy Planning to Vice President Al Gore, “Establish a ‘Cut-to-Invest Commission’ to Reduce Low-Priority Spending, Consolidate Duplicative Programs, and Increase High Priority Investments”, http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2012/11/1320federalism/1320investments20spending
Given the need for more investment, Congress and the president should establish a Cut
AND
. The remaining $100 ¶ billion would be used for deficit reduction.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lakeland BT | Judge: Stephanie Garrett

Text: The United States Federal Government will do the plan if and only if Mexico agrees to:

- Enhance transparency by protecting the free flow of information,

- Expand targeted performance-based funding to the Mexican states,

- Allow monitoring and reporting of crimes directly to a federal body,

- And increase police wages, training, and equipment.

Conditioning aid on transparency and police reform works—creates a police force independent of political pressures

Velez-Green, Reyes, and Ramicone Sep-12 (Alex, Robin, and Anthony, The Institute of Politics is a non-profit organization located in the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, and#34;GOVERNMENTAL, JUDICIAL AND POLICE CORRUPTION,and#34; http://www.iop.harvard.edu/sites/default/files_new/research-policy-papers/TheWarOnMexicanCartels.pdf-http://www.iop.harvard.edu/sites/default/files_new/research-policy-papers/TheWarOnMexicanCartels.pdf)

Thirdly, recognizing that functioning police forces are essential to ensure the safety of noncorrupt
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remain independent of local political pressures by reporting directly to a federal agency.

That’s key to solve corruption and security in Mexico

Sabet May-10 (Daniel, and#34;Police Reform in Mexico: Advances and Persistent Obstacles,and#34; Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Mexico Institute, University of San Diego Trans-Border Institute, Daniel Sabet is a visiting professor at Georgetown University’s Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, http://www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/dms76/policefiles/Sabet_police_reform.pdf-http://www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/dms76/policefiles/Sabet_police_reform.pdf)

At no time in Mexico’s history has there been a greater need for professional police
AND
creating an effective police force operating ¶ within the confines of the law.

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Detroit Community School | Judge: Weil, Bancroft, Brown
The plan refers to her as “JoAnne Chesimard,” her married name
Taylor, contributor to Yahoo, 2011
(Kenneth, http://voices.yahoo.com/biography-assata-shakur-8359123.html?cat=49)
Some of us know her by her birthname, JoAnne Deborah Byron, others know
AND
the mid-60s and became politically active at the age of 23.
It was during this time that she joined and became a leading member of the
AND
, interrogations, and eventually place her high on the FBI's wanted list.

The presumption of the married name perpetuates patriarchy – a woman’s right to choose her name is key –
Leissner, PhD candidate at The Hebrew University, Fall 1997
(Omi Morgenstern, “The Name of the Maiden,” 12 Wis. Women's L.J. 253, Lexis)
Fifteen months ago, as I was preparing for marriage, I found myself face
AND
better half of the same difficulty - the same predicament by another name.
Recognizing this problem within my own family, I decided to delve into the law of names. I discovered that while a married woman is no longer expressly required or presumed to assume her husband's surname, this naming right attained by women is illusory because of the strong legal preclusion from naming our children.
In this paper, it is my aim to show how the denial of women's
AND
is to show the similarity between the struggles for the two naming rights.
Part I: The Maiden Fights for Her Name
A. Historical Background
The controversy over names is not limited to the present time. Lucy Stone was
AND
socially unacceptable to use anything but their husbands' surnames in nonprofessional circumstances. n8
The question then became: Why would women persist in perpetuating the patriarchal naming tradition
AND
from using his name, allowing him absolute control over his name. n16
The married name presumption was echoed in areas other than family law. Several states compelled the married woman to register to vote under her husband's name. n17 In other cases, a woman was required to hold her motor vehicle registration and driver's license in her husband's name. n18 These requirements served as a reminder of the myriad of restrictions imposed on women by law. n19
Commentators have suggested that while these legal imperatives were restrictive, for the most part
AND
a woman's right to name herself came to the forefront of the movement.

She identifies joanne chesimard as her slave name
Assata Shakur 1973
(Modern Black Nationalism, pg. 269)
Black brothers, Black sisters, i want you to know that i love you and i hope that somewhere in your hearts you have love for me. My name is Assata Shakur (slave name joanne chesimard), and i am a revolutionary. A Black revolutionary. By that i mean that i have declared war on all forces that have raped our women, castrated our men, and kept our babies empty-bellied.

She prefers the counterplan
Mabasha, writer for the Southern Times, 2011
(Kudakwashe, http://www.southerntimesafrica.com/news_article.php?id=6426andtype=69)
The name Joanne Chesimard, she claims, is her slave name and she prefers to be called Assata Shakur .

Choosing one’s name is fundamental to identify and expression – we shouldn’t interfere
Kushner, chief managing editor, UCLA law review, 2009
(Juia Shear, THE RIGHT TO CONTROL ONE’S NAME, http://www.uclalawreview.org/pdf/57-1-7.pdf)
Last, and arguably most importantly, names serve as a part of or as
AND
one’s own self-concept.54 Both functions render names intensely personal.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 2 | Opponent: Atholton SA | Judge: Jacob Hurwitz
Movements against neoliberalism are growing and strong in Latin America and spill over globally—-but the plan’s insistence on US led economic cooperation and integration strengthens neoliberalism’s hegemonic grasp
Harris 8 (Richard L Harris: Professor of Global Studies at California State University, Monterey Bay; Managing Editor of the Journal of Developing Societies (SAGE India); and Coordi¬ nating Editor of Latin American Perspectives (SAGE USA). and#34;Latin America’s Response to Neoliberalism and Globalization,and#34; http://www.nuso.org/upload/articulos/3506_2.pdf)
The economic, political and social development of the Latin American and Caribbean countries is
AND
are significant indications of unprecedented and pro¬ found transformation unfolding in the Americas. 

That makes extinction inevitable- social and environmental factors build positive feedbacks create a cascade of destruction
Ehrenfeld, Rutgers biology professor, 2005
(David, and#34;The Environmental Limits to Globalizationand#34;, Conservation Biology Vol. 19 No. 2, ebsco)
Ehrenfeld ’5,
The overall environmental changes brought about or accelerated by globalization are, however, much
AND
answer to the life-threatening problems exacerbated by globalization (Ehrenfeld 2003b). 

Vote neg to re-politicize the critique of neoliberalism – challenging the limits of neoliberalism in public spaces is key create alternative strategies.
Sheppard and Leitner 9 (Eric Sheppard, PhD, geographer and Regents Professor of Economic geography at the University of Minnesota,  Helga Leitner and#34; Quo vadis neoliberalism? The remaking of global capitalist governance after the Washington Consensus,and#34; http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/geog/downloads/7235/496.pdf)
We have shown that there have been marked periodic remakings of global capitalist governance from
AND
economic and cultural subordinationand#34; (Fraser, 1997, p. 28).

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: 4 | Opponent: Niles  West NP | Judge: Dustin M-I
1NC – Drug War
Nieto has to credibility to follow through with his reform efforts now – but he has to tread carefully
Thomson 4-24 - Adam Thomson is the FT's Mexico and Central America correspondent (Adam, “President Enrique Peña Nieto works to soothe Mexico tensions”, April 24 of 2013, Financial Times, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/628aabae-acfa-11e2-9454-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2YVlziShn)
Mexico’s four-month-old administration on Wednesday appeared to overcome its first political
AND
coming months as he seeks to bring his economic reform agenda to fruition.¶
But there overwhelming opposition to the AFF – the plan is an insurmountable obstacle which kills Nieto’s credibility
Starr 12 - Director, U.S.-Mexico Network Associate Professor (NTT) University Fellow, Center on Public Diplomacy University of Southern California (Pamela, “U.S.-Mexico Relations and Mexican Domestic Politics”, October 6 of 2012, https://www.google.com/url?sa=tandrct=jandq=andesrc=sandsource=webandcd=3andcad=rjaandved=0CD4QFjACandurl=http3A2F2Fcollege.usc.edu2Fusmexnet2Fwp-content2Fuploads2F20102F102FCamp-Oxford-paper-final.docandei=mTLYUZTDMbOLyQGT14GwCQandusg=AFQjCNH_cqiYTQRo7SFmpfWugH9ABshhCgandsig2=_M2KmLNnt3e8v4vVshc_fQ)
The final implication of Mexican nationalism for U.S.-Mexico relations is the
AND
being too willing to accept support and guidance from north of the border.
Nieto key to the drug war – new strategy stops the root cause of cartels and empirics prove
Grillo et al 13 - journalist and author of the book El Narco: Inside Mexico's Criminal Insurgency, has been reporting on the Mexican Drug War and the Latin American illegal drug trade since 2001 (Ioan, Dolly Mascarenas, “Mexico Goes After the Narcos — Before They Join the Gangs”, February 25 of 2013, Time, http://world.time.com/2013/02/25/mexico-goes-after-the-narcos-before-they-join-the-gangs/)
Recently installed President Enrique Peña Nieto hopes to reverse this trend with a new anticrime
AND
slums and cable cars transporting residents up its hills to increase economic opportunity.

The drug trade funds Hezbollah and Iran—these funds lead to Middle East instability, nuclear terrorism, and Iranian prolif
McCaul, 2012 (Michael, Rep. “A LINE IN THE SAND: COUNTERING CRIME, VIOLENCE AND TERROR AT THE SOUTHWEST BORDER: MAJORITY REPORT BY THE UNITED STATES HOUSE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT, INVESTIGATIONS, AND MANAGEMENT,” http://homeland.house.gov/sites/homeland.house.gov/files/11-15-12-Line-in-the-Sand.pdf)
Hezbollah remains especially active in the TBA. 25 With an estimated $12 billion
AND
a secure Southwest border is always our first and last line of defense.

A nuclear terrorist attack causes extinction
Ayson, 2010 Robert Ayson, Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington,“After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects,” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Volume 33, Issue 7, July, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via InformaWorld
A terrorist nuclear attack, and even the use of nuclear weapons in response by
AND
would be undoubtedly blamed on¶ Pakistan, with potentially catastrophic results.”¶ 44

Tournament: Hooch | Round: 2 | Opponent: Westminster AG | Judge: Ken Bailey

A - Issue-Specific Uniqueness. Post-Chavez, "pink tide" is dying. Shortage of oil profits hurts the Leftist cause.

Panizza ’13
Dr Francisco Panizza is the Head of the Latin America International Affairs Programme at LSE IDEAS. He is a Reader in the Department of Government at the London School of Economics. "Latin America: Life after Chavez (and Lula)" – April 4^th – http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/ideas/2013/04/latin-america-life-after-chavez-and-lula/
The death of Chávez and the succession of Lula by Dilma Rousseff in Brazil leaves
AND
regional change than encapsulated by the narrative of the rise of the left.

Chavez’s goal of hurting US regional influence now stands in the cross-roads. Petro-dollars will be important.

Menéndez ’13
Fernando Menéndez is an economist and principal of the Cordoba Group International LLC, a strategic consulting firm – "Latin America without Chávez" – The Commentator – March 14^th –    http://www.thecommentator.com/article/2932/latin_america_without_ch_vez

In all of the capitals of the Americas the atmosphere is one of waiting to
AND
even among some ideological enemies, and for which he will be missed.

B – Links:

First – Squo is starting to work. Lifting the embargo for oil reverses resolve.

Sadowski ’11
Richard Sadowski is a Class of 2012 J.D. candidate, at Hofstra University¶ School of Law, NY. Mr. Sadowski is also the Managing Editor of Production of¶ the Journal of International Business and Law Vol. XI. "Cuban Offshore Drilling: Preparation and¶ Prevention within the Framework of the United¶ States’ Embargo" – ¶ Sustainable Development Law 26 Policy¶ Volume 12; Issue 1 Fall 2011: Natural Resource Conflicts Article 10 – http://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=149726context=sdlp
Since its inception, the Cuban embargo has ebbed and¶ flowed in severity and
AND
Cuba and demonstrate resolve in¶ meeting the goals of the economic embargo.

Second – Softening embargo while the Castros are in charge means profits to finance "pink tide".

Brookes ’9
(Peter – Heritage council, Senior Fellow, Brookes is serving his third term as a congressionally appointed member of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. He previously served in the administration of President George W. Bush as deputy assistant secretary of defense for Asian and Pacific affairs. In this post, he was responsible for U.S. defense policy for 38 countries and five bilateral defense alliances in Asia, Brookes was a professional staff member with the House International Relations Committee. He also served with the CIA and the State Department at the United Nations. In the private sector, he worked in the defense and intelligence industries.¶ A decorated Navy veteran, Brookes served on active duty in Latin America, Asia and the Middle East in aviation and intelligence billets, Brookes, now a retired Navy commander, served as a reservist with the National Security Agency, Defense Intelligence Agency, Naval Intelligence, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Office of the Vice President, Brookes is pursuing a doctorate at Georgetown University. He is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy (B.S.); the Defense Language Institute (Russian); the Naval War College; and the Johns Hopkins University (M.A.). He also has taught at the National Defense University and studied German and Polish, National Security Affairs, "Keep the Embargo, O" – April 16 – http://www.heritage.org/research/commentary/2009/04/keep-the-embargo-o)
Of course, the big empanada is the US economic embargo against Cuba, in
AND
communist regime, we should hold firm onto the leverage the embargo provides.

C- Impact

First – Castro-led pink tide causes US-Russia military confrontations.

Walser ’8 
(Ray Walser, Senior Policy Analyst for Latin America at the Heritage Foundation – Chávez, Venezuela, and Russia: A New Cuban Missile Crisis? – WebMemo ~232064 — September 15th http://www.heritage.org/Research/LatinAmerica/wm2064.cfm)
Like his iconic mentor, Fidel Castro, Chávez thrives on mounting tensions and confrontation
AND
will take as it shapes its policy toward America’s neighbors in the hemisphere. 

Small US-Russia conflicts can escalate or cause nuclear miscalc.

Gottemoeller ’8 
(Rose Gottemoeller was sworn in as the United States Department of State’s Assistant Secretary for Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance on April 6, 2009. She was the chief negotiator of the follow on for the Strategic Arms Reductions Treaty otherwise known as the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START) with the Russian Federation. Since 2000, she had been with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace – "U.S.-Russia Cooperation on Iran: Aftermath of the Summer War in Georgia," Carnegie Moscow Center, August- July 2008. PLESE NOTE – THIS CARD APPEARS IN A HOST OF CURRENT OPEN-SOURCE DEBATE DOCS AND THE URL THAT APPEARS ON THOSE CARDS MISDIRECTS TO A DIFFERENT Gottemoeller ARTICLE. The website below redirects to her October article:   http://www.scribd.com/doc/13031239/RussianAmerican-Security-Relations-After-Georgia)
No holds barred, no rules—the United States and Russia may be heading
AND
us, we could come close to nuclear  catastrophe before we knew it.  

2AC conceded uniqueness and link to the Pink Tide DA – Chavez’s death means the pink tide is dying now, the plan appeases the pink and effectually FUNDs the pink tide - that causes Russia war via miscalculation

Walser ’8 
(Ray Walser, Senior Policy Analyst for Latin America at the Heritage Foundation – Chávez, Venezuela, and Russia: A New Cuban Missile Crisis? – WebMemo ~232064 — September 15th http://www.heritage.org/Research/LatinAmerica/wm2064.cfm)

Like his iconic mentor, Fidel Castro, Chávez thrives on mounting tensions and confrontation
AND
will take as it shapes its policy toward America’s neighbors in the hemisphere. 

The perception of Castro at the helm of the pink tide causes Russia to get on board to secure victory against the US – this causes multiple conflicts between the US and Russia – any one of those conflicts can escalate to nuclear war because of the miscalculation – current tensions operate as a probability magnifier – because both countries perceive the other as willing to go to nuclear war – restraint is minimal.
Phillips ’3
Dr. Alan Phillips, Ph. D. with honours in physics at Cambridge University, former Radar operator for the British Army, An Introduction to No Launch on Warning, http://www.web.net/~~cnanw/nolowinterview.htm
Launch on Warning has kept the world exposed, for at least 30 years,
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Command Post (though without the president), before the error was discovered.

Tournament: Samford | Round: 4 | Opponent: Hooch SS | Judge: Matthew Pesce
Unemployment benefits will pass
Keith 1-7 (Tamara Keith, writer for NPR, “Senate Unexpectedly Moves Forward On Unemployment Benefits” http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2014/01/07/260560847/senate-unexpectedly-moves-forward-on-unemployment-benefits 1-7-14)AH
The Senate surprised quite a few people in Washington today when it voted to proceed
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little hope right away," Obama said. "And hope is contagious."

Obama’s push is key
Stevens 1-7 (Stuart Stevens, writer for The Daily Beast, “Obama: The Economy Is Great, Extend Jobless Benefits” http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/01/07/obama-the-economy-is-great-extend-jobless-benefits.html 1-7-14)AH
A reasonable position is to reconcile the disparate worlds of Barack Obama into one logical
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proven extraordinarily useful in its ability to shape arguments and manipulate press coverage.

Drains capital – Backlash and hostage taking on unrelated priority legislation is empirically proven
LeoGrande, 12
William M. LeoGrande School of Public Affairs American University, Professor of Government and a specialist in Latin American politics and U.S. foreign policy toward Latin America, Professor LeoGrande has been a frequent adviser to government and private sector agencies, 12/18/12, http://www.american.edu/clals/upload/LeoGrande-Fresh-Start.pdf

The Second Obama Administration Where in the executive branch will control over Cuba policy lie
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rarely happen unless the urgency of the problem forces policymakers to take action.

Extending benefits is key to economic growth
El-Erian 1/5/14 Mohamed A. El-Erian, CEO and co-CIO of PIMCO and is based in the Newport Beach office. He re-joined PIMCO at the end of 2007 after serving for two years as president and CEO of Harvard Management Company, the entity that manages Harvard’s endowment and related accounts. Dr. El-Erian also served as a member of the faculty of Harvard Business School, “Extending Unemployment Benefits Makes Good Economic Sense, Too”, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mohamed-a-elerian/extending-unemployment-benefits_b_4546245.html
Our lawmakers will be debating this week the emergency benefits received by the long-
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position to deal with this more complicated and contentious issue at this time.)

Economic Decline leads to extinction
Royal 10 (Jedediah, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction – U.S. Department of Defense, “Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises”, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, Ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215)
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict
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not featured prominently in the economic-security debate and deserves more attention.

Tournament: Carrollton | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Hooch MP | Judge: Rahul Patel, Megan Cambre, Jane Bearden
There will be bipartisan compromise on a long term budget
Matthews 11-13 (Laura Matthews, U.S. politics reporter for the International Business Times, “Budget Conference Committee Hopes To 'Keep Ball Rolling'” http://www.ibtimes.com/budget-conference-committee-hopes-keep-ball-rolling-1468804 11-13-13)AH
Further, House and Senate budget committee leaders have said they won’t waste time debating
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by the wealthiest Americans and corporations to replace the other half of sequestration.”
Obama needs PC for negotiations
Madhani 10/17/13 (Aamer Madhani- writer for USA Today, writes about a variety of topics, including politics, current events, Congress, the government, etc, thank you for writing this article omg, “In fiscal fight, Obama steps back, looks to next battle,” http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2013/10/17/obama-shutdown-strategy-gop/2997437/, 10/17/13, 12:05 pm, Sundar)
¶ WASHINGTON — As the battle over the government shutdown and debt ceiling barreled toward
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that President Obama call for and push aggressively for a big economic bargain."
Certainty is key to long term economic growth
Novack 10/16 (Janet Novack writes from D.C. about tax and retirement policy and planning, 10/16/13, “Political Uncertainty Will Continue To Stunt Economic Growth”, http://www.forbes.com/sites/janetnovack/2013/10/16/its-the-washington-uncertainty-stupid/, TL)
Even if, as now appears likely,  Congress passes a deal to raise the
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hearing increasing calls and increasing preferences to diversify away from the United States.”
Economic decline leads to miscalculation and crisis escalation—escalates
Harris and Burrows, ‘09 Mathew, PhD European History at Cambridge, counselor in the National Intelligence Council (NIC) and Jennifer, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit “Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis” http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf
Increased Potential for Global Conflict Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.

Nuclear war and turns multiple issues
O Hanlon et al, 12
O’Hanlon 12 Kenneth G. Lieberthal, Director of the John L. Thornton China Center and Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy and Global Economy and Development at the Brookings Institution, former Professor at the University of Michigan “The Real National Security Threat: America's Debt,” Los Angeles Times, July 10th, http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2012/07/10-economy-foreign-policy-lieberthal-ohanlon
Alas, globalization and automation trends of the last generation have increasingly called the American
AND
really possible if that fundamental prerequisite to effective foreign policy is not reestablished.
The plan backlash alone allows the fiscal debate to become so all-consuming that it wrecks Obama’s second term agenda
Ewen MacAskil and Chris McGreal (writers for the Irish Times) January 3, 2013 “Battles on cuts yet to come after fiscal cliff deal” Lexis
In the end, it is difficult to see how the White House can remain
AND
the horrors of gun violence, Mr Obama said. (Guardian service)
Optimism in talks – only we assume private meetings
Curry 11-13 (Tom Curry, National Affairs Writer for NBC Politics, “With expectations set for small-scale budget deal, Ryan and Murray hold the keys” http://nbcpolitics.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/11/13/21443203-with-expectations-set-for-small-scale-budget-deal-ryan-and-murray-hold-the-keys?lite 11-13-13)AH
House Budget Committee chairman Rep. Paul Ryan, R- Wisc., said at
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and revenue targets for the congressional spending and tax- committees to meet.
Vote counts and defense cuts pressures GOP compromise
Tomasky 11-14 (Michale Tomasky, writer for The New York Review of Books, “Can Obama Reverse the Republican Surge?” http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/dec/05/can-obama-reverse-republican-surge/ 11-14-13)AH
A deal ending or at least easing sequestration could conceivably pass the Senate now.
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and what a number of observers expect will be his retirement next year.

He needs PC to keep negotiations on track
Fox News 10-17 (Fox News, “What Now? Obama, Congress face new budget deadlines after stopgap deal” http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2013/10/17/what-now-congress-faces-new-budget-deadlines-after-stopgap-deal/ 10-17-13)AH
Rep. Charles Boustany, R-La., told Fox News that going forward
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to do something about it, but we haven't given up the fight."
Obama won the last fight
AP 10-17 (Associated Press, “Obama bemoans damage caused by shutdown but vows to move forward with agenda” http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/obama-bemoans-damage-caused-shutdown-vows-move-agenda-article-1.1488665 10-17-13)AH
Obama and his Democratic allies on Capitol Hill were the decisive victors in the fight
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plummeting in opinion polls and exasperated veteran lawmakers who saw it as folly.

Tournament: Emory | Round: 1 | Opponent: Maine East BH | Judge: Andrew Lockwood

Support for sanctions is decreasing – Obama’s PC is key

Bowman 1-23 (Michael Bowman, writer for Voice of America, "Support Slipping for Iran Sanctions in US Senate" http://www.voanews.com/content/support-slipping-for-iran-sanctions-in-senate/1836453.html 1-23-14)AH
CAPITOL HILL — More Democratic senators are quietly signaling their opposition to a bill that
AND
would violate last year’s interim nuclear accord and spell the end of negotiations.

Plan costs capital

Snow and Gianakis 8 (Dr. Douglas and Dr. Gerasimos, both from Sawyer Business School at Suffolk University, THE IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT OF MUNICIPAL STABILIZATION FUNDS IN MASSACHUSETTS: A RESEARCH NOTE, p. 6-7)

In October of 2006, we administered the survey to all 351 municipal finance directors
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of the more relevant responses to survey questions are summarized in the appendix.

Additional sanctions collapse negotiations – that causes nuclear escalation through arms race and economic collapse

Cordesman, CSIS, 2013
(Anthony, "Negotiating with Iran: The Strategic Case for Pragmatism and Real Progress", 9-23, http://csis.org/publication/negotiating-iran-strategic-case-pragmatism-and-real-progress-http://csis.org/publication/negotiating-iran-strategic-case-pragmatism-and-real-progress, ldg)
Nevertheless, it makes no sense at all to reject Hassan Rouhani’s opening or condemn
AND
end result is a major interruption in the flow of Gulf petroleum exports.

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 2 | Opponent: Atholton SA | Judge: Jacob Hurwitz
Congress will approve a strike on Syria, but capital is key
Klapper and Pickler 9/3/2013 (Bradley Klapper- Reporter covering U.S. foreign policy for The Associated Press, based in Washington, D.C., Nedra Pickler- White House reporter for The Associated Press, American national political journalist, "Obama garners bipartisan support for Syria strike," http://www.timesofisrael.com/obama-confident-congress-will-okay-syria-strike/-http://www.timesofisrael.com/obama-confident-congress-will-okay-syria-strike/, 9/3/2013, 7:54pm, Sundar)
WASHINGTON (AP) — President Barack Obama’s call for a military strike in Syria
AND
prevent further instability in a region of vital interest to the United States."

Insert Link 

Failure to act in Syria will hurt credibility in Iran
Benari 9/4/13 ~Elad Benari, Writer at Israel National News, "Hagel: Failure to Act in Syria Hurts Our Credibility on Iran", http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/171610~~23.UigBVsZJOSo-http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/171610, PS~
U.S. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel warned on Tuesday that failure to take
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to act would increase the risk that other regimes will do the same.

Containing Iran solves nuclear war
London 10 (Herbert – President Emeritus of Hudson Institute and Professor Emeritus of New York University, The Coming Crisis in the Middle East, Family Security Matters, 6/23,  http://www.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_details26id=710126pubType=HI_Opeds)
The gathering storm in the Middle East is gaining momentum. War clouds are on
AND
is not sustainable and one the Iranian leadership looks to with imperial exhilaration.

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Hooch CM | Judge: Margaret Sites
The United States federal government should  if and only if Cuba settles outstanding certified U.S. claims regarding confiscated property upon being offered negotiations by the United States federal government
That solves through the prior issue of property settlement – moral obligation to vote neg
Stone, Senator from Florida, 79 (Richard, “Outstanding Claims Against Cuba,” Hearing before the Subcommittees on International Trade and on Inter-American Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, September 25, http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/us-cuba/claims-hearings.htm)
And certainly the weight of moral imperatives leaves no room for future debate on the
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be settled as a central prior issue to substantive discussions. Thank you.

Tournament: Ohio Valley | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Detroit Community School | Judge: Weil, Bancroft, Brown
Fixation on white supremacy masks class issues
bellhooks 2K
(Gloria Jean Watkins, distinguished professor of English at City College in NY – feminist and social activist (Gloria Jean Watkins). Routledge “Where We Stand: Class Matters.”pg 7. http://books.google.com/books?id=kjo9KtF2jqECandpg=PA7andlpg=PA7anddq=hooks+22could+happen+to+any+working+man22andsource=blandots=KC2vCfqd_8andsig=sL3oijKh6A8hidR25AEfRcBz5sYandhl=enandei=_fEYTbbWGoT58AbmgKm7Dgandsa=Xandoi=book_resultandct=resultandresnum=1andved=0CBMQ6AEwAA#v=onepageandqandf=false)
Class matters. Race and gender can be used as screens to deflect attention away
AND
what happened to O.J. could happen to any working man.

Their anti-exclusionary politics is deeply imbedded in liberal multiculturalism. It will be commodified by the market.
Dean , Teaches Political Theory @ Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 2005 Jodi, Žižek’s Politics, p.115-9
Unlike most critical thinkers identified with the Left,  Žižek rejects the current emphasis on
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the social body. Some are more powerful. Some do want to kill

-and denying this in an acceptance of differences prevents the politicization of this inequality
AND
a dimension of postpolitics insofar as it prevents the universalization of particular demands.

The short term drive for profit necessitated by capitalism corrupts rational decision making- this is the only avenue to extinction
Marko 03 (Anarchism and Human Survival: Russell’s problem., May 14, 2003, https://www2.indymedia.org.uk/en/2003/05/68173.html)
There exist three threats to survival namely nuclear war, ecological change and north-
AND
population to constrain and eventually overthrow these institutions because apocalypse is institutionally rational.

Tournament: Emory | Round: 3 | Opponent: Notre Dame PD | Judge: Nate Sawyer
Their demand for the ballot in response to descriptions of suffering is an attempt to commodify the other --- their advocacy may sound empathetic but it fails as a political strategy by comforting the Western observer and reinforcing the status quo.
Bystrom, 12 - Kerry L. is Assistant Professor of English and Director of the Research Program on Humanitarianism at the Human Rights Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, "Spectacular Rhetorics: Human Rights Visions, Recognitions, Feminisms (review)." Human Rights Quarterly 34.4 (2012): 1214-1217. Project MUSE)A-Berg
*gender modified
Over the past decade, a growing body of work has brought humanities perspectives to
AND
deserves this time, thought, and celebration. End Page 1217 

This use of the other as a means for a ballot simply reduces populations to utility --- the impact is genocide.
Chow, ‘6 - Professor Comparative Lit at Brown, (Rey, “The Age of the World Target” p 40-42)a-berg

Often under the modest and apparently innocuous agendas of fact gathering and documentation,
AND
literature into a full-scale preoccupation with identity and its construction."57

The alternative is to vote neg --- your role as a judge is to interrogate how we should deal with our privileged positions which allow us to speak in the first place.
Chow, ’93 - Professor Comparative Lit at Brown, (Rey, “Writing Diaspora” p 15-17 google books)a-berg

While the struggle for hegemony remains necessary for many reasons-especially in cases where
AND
off field, in the military no less than in the academic sense?

Tournament: Wake Forest | Round: 5 | Opponent: St Vincent de Paul GG | Judge: Akash Gogate
====Ethical confrontation with the enemy blurs the friend/enemy distinction – results in extermination====
Prozorov 06 (Sergei, Research Fellow at the Department of Political and Economic Studies at the University of Helsinki, "Liberal Enmity: The Figure of the Foe in the Political Ontology of Liberalism", Millennium Journal of International Studies 35: 75)
What interests us in this modality of the friend–enemy distinction is the explicit
AND
, or, in Schmitt’s terms, an inimicus rather than a hostis. 

The alternative is to reject the affirmative’s ethics of inclusion. Only endorsement of enmity opens political space for reaffirming the friend/enemy binary – that solves identity crisis.====
Odysseos 08 (Dr. Louiza Odysseos, University of Sussex Department of International Relations, "Against Ethics? Iconographies of Enmity and Acts of Obligation in Carl Schmitt’s Theory of the Partisan," Practices of Ethics: Relating/Responding to Difference in International Politics Annual Convention, International Studies Association, 2008)
The paper ends with a discussion of obligation. Outlining the contours of a notion
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but changeable structurations of the field of politics, of politics as pluriverse.

Tournament: Carrollton | Round: 4 | Opponent: Roswell MR | Judge: Robert Walker
CP’s conditional engagement solves case and prevents sea turtle population extinction.

Center for Biological Diversity, 7-15-2013, a nonprofit membership organization known for its work protecting endangered species through legal action and scientific petitions, “Tell Mexico: Stop Killing Endangered Sea Turtles,” http://action.biologicaldiversity.org/o/2167/p/dia/action3/common/public/?action_KEY=13749

Each year at least 2,000 endangered loggerhead sea turtles are caught by shark
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I urge Mexico to act now to save these ancient and vanishing animals.
Destruction of the sea turtle population causes extinction – brink is now.

Todd Steiner, xx-xx-2010, Sea Turtle Restoration Project, Executive Director at Turtle Island Restoration Network, San Francisco Bay Area, “Are Sea Turtles Worth Saving?” http://www.bonaireturtles.org/explore/are-sea-turtles-worth-saving/

Sea turtles demonstrate the ultimate lesson of ecology – that everything is connected. Sea
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important. Put the clock back together and see if it still works.
Mexico says yes – Economic engagement can be used as leverage to encourage Mexican sea turtle protection.

Adam Yogel, 5-02-2013, writer for and member of Pace Baja, the production and research journal for Pace University’s award winning documentary travel course, “Conservation Groups Press U.S. to Sanction Mexico Over Sea Turtle Deaths,” http://pacebaja.wordpress.com/2013/05/02/conservation-groups-press-u-s-to-sanction-mexico-over-sea-turtle-deaths/

The Center For Biological Diversity and Sea Turtle Restoration Project have petitioned the United States
AND
Department if government agencies find that the loggerhead bycatch has not been addressed.
Marine biodiversity collapse causes extinction.

Craig, 2003, Associate Professor of Law, Indiana U School Law, McGeorge Law Review, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Lexis

Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for conserving marine ecosystems also exist, just as they
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kill ourselves, and we will take most of the biosphere with us.
Loggerhead turtles are keystone species – key to global marine ecosystems.

Coastal Breeze, 8-23-2012, locally owned and operated bi-weekly community newspaper, “Sea Turtle Tidbits,” http://www.coastalbreezenews.com/2012/08/23/sea-turtle-tidbits-6/

There are five species of sea turtles that nest on Florida’s beaches. The most
AND
in hopes of understanding and promoting the overall health of the sea turtle.

Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 5 | Opponent: College Prep AG | Judge: Alex Velto
CP Text: The United States federal government should exempt Sudan from section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act, section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act, and section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act by removing Sudan from the United States State Department's list of state sponsors of terrorism.

Sudan’s placement on the list was politicized and impedes efforts at reconstruction
BBC ‘9
(7/31 , Cites Scott Gration- former Major General of the Air Force and policy advisor to Obama, worked in special envoy to Sudan and served as ambassador of Kenya
 “Envoy queries Sudan terror status” http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8177573.stm, Accessed 7/7/13, -DG)
Sudan envoy Scott Gration also said the US would have to "unwind" sanctions
AND
of Sudan's choices" and in "the interest of the two nations".

Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 5 | Opponent: College Prep AG | Judge: Alex Velto
Economic engagement is distinct from diplomatic and military engagement
Derrick 98 (Robert, Lieutenant Colonel US Army, “ENGAGEMENT: THE NATIONS PREMIER GRAND STRATEGY, WHO'S IN CHARGE?,” 1998, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2anddoc=GetTRDoc.pdfandAD=ADA342695)

Economic engagement covers a wide range of programs. Financial incentives are an effective engagement
AND
a few examples of how the US uses these powers to stay engaged. 

Military    Diplomatic    Economic
CJCS Exercises    State Recognition   Agcy for Intl Devi
Depl for Trng (DFT)   Presidential Visits   Econ Spt Fund (ESF)
Intl Mil Ed and Tr (IMET)   Demarshe    Fgn Mil Sales (FMS)
Counterdrug Spt (CD)   Treaties and    Health Aid
Mobile Tr Teams (MTT)   Agreements

Violation – the aff is diplomatic engagement – it removes Cuba from the terror list
That’s a voter for fairness and education –

1. Limits – engagement has such a broad definition in the literature that you have to limit to things that are primarily economic – otherwise negs have to research whole other literature bases
   2. Ground – key generics rely on engagement actually being economic – diplomatic engagement change links to Disads like politics and Credibility

Tournament: Hooch | Round: 5 | Opponent: Pace HP | Judge: SBT

Economic engagement is a subset of conditional engagement and implies a tit-for-tat exchange

Shinn 96 ~James Shinn, C.V. Starr Senior Fellow for Asia at the CFR in New York City and director of the council’s multi-year Asia Project, worked on economic affairs in the East Asia Bureau of the US Dept of State, "Weaving the Net: Conditional Engagement with China," pp. 9 and 11, google books~
In sum, conditional engagement consists of a set of objectives, a strategy for attaining those objectives, and tactics (specific policies) for implementing that strategy.
• The objectives of conditional engagement are the ten principles, which were selected to preserve American vital interests in Asia while accommodating China’s emergence as a major power.
• The overall strategy of conditional engagement follows two parallel lines: economic engagement, to promote the integration of China into the global trading and financial systems; and security engagement, to encourage compliance with the ten principles by diplomatic and military means when economic incentives do not suffice, in order to hedge against the risk of the emergence of a belligerent China.
• The tactics of economic engagement should promote China’s economic integration through negotiations on trade liberalization, institution building, and educational exchanges. While a carrots-and-sticks approach may be appropriate within the economic arena, the use of trade sanction to achieve short-term political goals is discouraged.
• The tactics of security engagement should reduce the risks posed by China’s rapid military expansion, its lack of transparency, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and transnational problems such as crime and illegal migration, by engaging in arms control negotiations, multilateral efforts, and a loosely-structured defensive military arrangement in Asia.8
~To footnotes~
8. Conditional engagement’s recommended tactics of tit-for-tat responses are equivalent
AND
105, no. 3 (1990), pp. 383-88).

Here’s proof – they allow tons of random unilateral measures

CSG 13 ~Cuba Study Group, a non-profit, non-partisan organization, comprised of business and community leaders of Cuban descent who share a common interest and vision of a free and democratic Cuba, "Restoring Executive Authority Over U.S. Policy Toward Cuba," Feb 2013, http://www.cubastudygroup.org/index.cfm/files/serve?File_id=45d8f827-174c-4d43-aa2f-ef7794831032~~
4. Additional Steps the U.S. President Can Take to Promote Change
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— thereby helping to set the stage for an eventual normalization of relations.